전신마취후 발생한 전율 억제에 대한 Clonidine 의 효과

이명애,문경혜 대한마취과학회 1995 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.28 No.5

We have studied the efficacy of intravenous clonidine to suppress postoperative shivering. Forty healthy patients who received general anesthesia and required treatment for shivering after operation were allocated randomly to two groups. Group 1 received normal saline 5 ml. Group 2 received 75 mcg intravenous clonidine. 2 minutes, 5 minutes and 10 minutes after treatment, the efficacy of treatment was recorded. Five minutes after treatment, 75 mcg clonidine obliterated shivering in 80% of patients. In contrast, none of the patients treated with normal saline had improved. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate were decreased significantly in patients given 75 mcg intravenous clonindine. But, none of them had required treatment for hypotension or bradycardia. We might say that 75 mcg intravenous clonidine is effective to suppress postoperative shivering without significant side effects.

RFID/USN 시장 동향

이명애 한국정보처리학회 2005 정보처리학회지 Vol.12 No.5

[討論] 중국어 접두사 ‘老+X’ 허화의 인지적 분석 - 사람을 나타내는 어휘를 대상으로

이명애 동북아시아문화학회 2022 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 Vol.2022 No.11

현장투고 : 건강한 지역문화의 중심, 지역주민도서실

이명애 한국도시연구소 1995 도시와 빈곤 Vol.17 No.-

2011학년도 수능 성적 분석 주요 결과

이명애 한국교육과정평가원 2011 교육광장 Vol.40 No.-

2015년 국가수준 학업성취도 평가 개선 방안

이명애 한국교육과정평가원 2015 교육광장 Vol.57 No.-

竹林七贤与酒-以嵇康、阮籍为主

이명애 동북아시아문화학회 2020 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.63

Ji Kang Ruan Ji was dissatisfied with the Sma's usurpation, and witnessed the ruthless cruelty and ruin of the ruling clique. Therefore, they despised the hypocrisy of the famous religions and ceremonies advertised by them, advocating Lao Zhuang's metaphysics, yearning for the simplicity and innocence, innocence, and advocating the nature of the more famous religion. Then Lao Zhuang's natural inaction thought developed to the extreme, indulging in wine, defamation of etiquette, disdain for power, cynicism, and the opening of the Wei and Jin celebrities. Ruan Ji is a person who is drunkenly drinking, drinking frequently and heartily. He drank to avoid misfortune, vent his emotions in alcoholism, and get inner peace and spiritual relief in wine. Therefore, Ruan Ji's life is full of wine. Moreover, self-reporting his rule in the poem is not the whole life of Ruan Ji. His cautious creative attitude keeps him sober. Ji Kang's drinking is essentially different from Ruan Ji's drinking. Compared to Ruan Ji's, it is more “sparse”, because Ji Kang's drinking is for health, and never uses drunk as a means of avoiding the world. Therefore, even if he drinks, he is only a small drink, more rational and calm. Although not binge drinking, all the life's interest has already permeated from the cup. Their drinking behavior is different, but the same is that wine occupies an extremely important position in their lives. Drinking not only affects their life behavior, but also has an inseparable connection with their poetry. Liquor has made Wei and Jin scholars, and their wild behaviors are vivid. With this carrier, Wei Jin's demeanor is brought into full play. Therefore, the unique achievements in the history of Wei and Jin's literature confirm: the wine's unending eternal significance. Wine began to quickly enter the literature, making an essential foreshadowing of the art of Tao Yuanming's poems and wine.

뷰티풀, 마이 라이프!

이명애 샘터사 2019 월간 샘터 Vol.598 No.-

PBL을 활용한 중국어읽기2 강의 사례 고찰

이명애 한국아시아학회 2023 아시아연구 Vol.26 No.4

This research project was selected for a pedagogy competition in the second semester of the 2022 academic year within the school. It partially applied the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) teaching method to Chinese language major courses, aiming to stimulate students' interest in the Chinese language. The objective was to analyze how much the PBL teaching method contributes to improving learners' problem-solving abilities and assess the satisfaction of the learners in the learning process. For this purpose, the course "Chinese Reading 2”, offered to first-year students in the second semester of the 2022 academic year, was chosen as the target subject. The PBL approach was applied for a total of five weeks, from the 10th to the 14th week, transitioning from a memorization-focused method to a learner-centered approach. To enhance the communication skills, one of the goals of this major course, we've opted for problem-solving strategies aligned with the ARCS motivation theory by selecting team-based topics of interest. Through the production of User-Created Content (UCC) via AR (Augmented Reality) technology, self-directed learning was facilitated. Through this approach, we aimed to provide students with opportunities to confidently engage in spoken Chinese conversations, fostering not only individual problem-solving skills but also enhancing creative problem-solving abilities through collaborative teamwork. As a result, we observed proactive classroom participation and proactive team activities among students, effectively fulfilled their assigned roles. Additionally, through satisfaction surveys, we were able to ascertain that the PBL-applied major course was overall satisfying for the students.

고교학점제에서의 학생평가에 대한 국외 사례 연구

이명애,김성혜,김영은 한국교육과정평가원 2020 교육과정평가연구 Vol.23 No.2

The introduction of a high school credit system in 2022 follows in the steps of a plethora of curriculum studies which have focused on topics such as expanding the range of subjects offered and the minimum number of credits required for graduation. Moreover, sufficient discussion and policies regarding achievement assessment and the utilization of credits for college admissions are needed to implement an evaluation system in high schools. Against this backdrop, the present study investigated student achievement assessment in the USA, Germany, and Australia which currently implement a high school credit system which encompass graduation requirements and minimum credits, grade calculations, student evaluation methods, and the use of high school grades in college admissions. The results of the international case studies indicate that these countries - based on a high degree of teacher autonomy and trust strongly built into teachers’ evaluation - maintained a criterion-referenced evaluation system graded by achievement percentile according to national or state evaluation standards. In addition, teacher-specific evaluation was implemented and efforts were made to derive reliable evaluation results by clearly describing evaluation standards and ensuring that evaluation is objective and fair through teachers’ councils. Lastly, it was found that minimum achievement standards were set, what constitutes a failed credit stated, and credit recovery was allowed. In the case of failed credits, which have a significant impact on the overall achievement of credits and graduation, remedial measures were provided to support students. Some important implications derived from this international comparative study are as follows: (1) to implement a high school credit system in Korea successfully, criterion-referenced evaluation and teacher-specific evaluation should be introduced. However, measures should be taken to prevent grade inflation and secure reliability and fairness in teacher evaluation; and (2) graduation requirements and minimum achievement standards should be defined to include the criterion of credit failure and credit recovery should be offered. 2022년 고교학점제 도입에 앞서 그동안 많은 연구가 과목 선택권 확대 및 졸업을 위한 학습량 등교육과정 측면을 중심으로 논의를 이어가고 있다. 이에 못지않게 고등학교 현장에서는 평가 및대입에서의 활용 등 평가 체제에 대한 충분한 논의와 관련 제도를 필요로 하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는고등학교에서 학점제를 운영하고 있는 미국, 독일, 호주를 대상으로 졸업 요건 및 이수 학점, 성적산출방식, 학생평가 방식, 대입에서의 활용 방식 등을 조사하였다. 이들 국가는 모두 교사의 평가권에대한 자율성과 신뢰를 바탕으로 국가 또는 주 수준에서 관행적으로 사용되는 평가 기준이 있으며 주로성취백분율을 활용하여 절대평가 체제를 유지하고 있었다. 또한 교사별 평가를 실시하고 있었으나, 교사의 자율성을 보장하는 만큼 신뢰로운 평가 결과 산출을 위해 평가 기준을 명확히 제시하고, 교사별협의회를 실시하는 등 비교적 객관화되고 공정한 평가를 실시하기 위한 노력이 이루어지고 있었다. 최소 이수 성취기준을 설정하여 미이수 학점을 부여하였으며 미이수자의 재수강을 허용하였다. 미이수결과는 학점 취득 및 졸업에 중요한 영향을 미치므로 미이수를 예방하기 위한 지원과 조치를 갖추고있었다. 우리나라에서 고교학점제 도입을 위해서는 평가제도와 관련하여 절대평가와 교사별 평가도입을 검토할 필요가 있고, 내신 부풀리기를 방지와 교사의 평가 신뢰성과 공정성을 확보하는 방안이마련되어야 한다. 또한 졸업 요건, 과목 이수 기준 설정, 미이수 및 재이수에 대한 제도 마련이 병행되어야한다.