이오네스코의 부정(否定)의 글쓰기

박형섭 한국프랑스학회 2015 한국프랑스학논집 Vol.91 No.-

Le dramaturge français Eugène Ionesco est né de Roumanie avec laquelle il ne cessa d’entretenir des relations complexs. Le jeune Ionesco a fait ses débuts en Roumanie dans les années 30, en tant que poète et critique littéraire et d’art. Toute l’existence de Ionesco est organisée autour d’un volume critique NON(1934). Ce texte contesta quelques unes des valeurs en vogue à l’époque. L’auteur nous apparait comme un rigoriste de la négation. Chez lui la négation se constitue en principe de son existence esthétique. Il pratique une critique de combat ou mieux encore une anti-critique. La critique est toujours aussi variable que les conditions atmosphériques. Le jeune Ionesco se vante d’écrire par esprit de contradiction. Il passe facilement d’une attitude à l’attitude contraire. En matière de critique, affirme-t-il “je n’ai pas de critères, ou j’ai détruit mes critères.” Toute affirmation vérifie son contraire. Toute la quête négative de Ionesco est mystique. De toute façon, sa manière est toujours le même style paradoxal, la même sincérité déconcertante, le même jeu d’arguments qui visaient à confondre les critères, les préjugés et même les valeurs. Il multiplie surtout les boutades et les facéties. Dans cet etude, nous avons pu remarquer une posture de la critique littéraire, recherchée et cultivée par lui-même chez le jeune Ionesco : Celle d’un jeune nihiliste intelligent qui gaspille son verbe et son talent polémique pour contrarier l’opinion publique littéraire. Ce travail nous permet de découvrir une modalité prévisible qui nous aide à mieux lire et comprendre notre auteur. Enfin l’esprit négativiste ionescien manifeste de la formule du théâtre de l’absurde dans les années 50.

2018 심방세동 카테터 절제술 대한민국 진료지침: Part I

박형섭,정동섭,유희태,박희남,심재민,김주연,김준,이정명,김기훈,노승영,조영진,김영훈,윤남식 대한부정맥학회 2018 International Journal of Arrhythmia Vol.19 No.3

Catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) have evolved from investigational procedures to their current role as effective treatment options for patients with AF. Surgical ablation of AF is available in most major hospitals throughout the world. Catheter ablation of AF is even more widely available, and is now the most commonly performed catheter ablation procedure. Management of patients with AF has traditionally consisted of three main components: (1) anticoagulation for stroke prevention; (2) rate control; and (3) rhythm control. With the emergence of large amounts of data, which have both defined and called attention to the interaction between modifiable risk factors and the development of AF and outcomes of AF management, we believe it is time to include risk factor modification as the fourth pillar of AF management. Catheter and surgical ablation of AF are highly complex procedures, therefore a decision to perform catheter or surgical AF ablation should only be made after a patient carefully considers the risks, benefits, and alternatives to the procedure.

이오네스코 희곡 <코뿔소>(Rhinoceros)의 비극적 基調

박형섭 釜山大學校 1993 人文論叢 Vol.42 No.1

관상 동맥 협착의 진행과 혈중 Adiponectin, ICAM(Intercellular Adhesion Molecule)-1 농도와의 관계

박형섭,박창욱,김민정,조윤경,김기식,이상원,이영수,현대우,한성욱,허승호,김윤년,김권배 대한심장학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.9

Background and Objectives:Adiponectin is an adipocyte derived plasma protein that is known to have ananti-atherogenic effect. Low plasma adiponectin concentrations are found in obesity, diabetes and coronaryartery disease. The measurement of the plasma adiponectin level is helpful in the assessment of the risk forcoronary artery disease. The intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 is associated with the atheroscleroticinflammatory response. An elevated ICAM-1 concentration is associated with increased risk of future coronaryevents, independent of other risk factors. The relationships between serum adiponectin and ICAM-1 levelsand the progression of coronary artery stenosis with instent restenosis of previous stent sites were analyzed.Subjects and Methods:83 patients who had percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and stentinsertion were enrolled. The initial angiographic finding was compared with that at the 6 month follow up.The serum adiponectin and ICAM-1 level were measured with the plasma lipid profiles prior to percutaneouscoronary intervention. These biochemical parameters were analyzed according to the progression of coronaryartery stenosis (≥10%) and instent restenosis (≥50%). Results:In the coronary artery stenosis progressiongroup, there were significantly lower adiponectin (3.91±1.24 μg/mL vs. 4.66±1.36 μg/mL, p=0.03) and higherICAM-1 levels (199.16±79.13 ng/mL vs. 150.54±63.65 ng/mL, p=0.03). The instent restenosis group alsoshowed lower adiponectin (3.99±1.22 μg/mL vs. 4.33±1.38 μg/mL) and higher ICAM-1 (195.17±68.45 ng/mLvs. 171.47±80.48 ng/mL) levels, but without statistical significance. Conclusion:The serum adiponectin andICAM-1 levels are related to the progression of coronary artery stenosis. However, further study will berequired to confirm the relationships between the serum adiponectin and ICAM-1 levels and instent restenosis. 배경 및 목적:Adiponectin은 지방세포로부터 유래된 단백질로 혈중 농도가 높을수록 동맥 경화의 진행을 억제하고 관상동맥 질환의 위험 인자로서 역할을 할 수 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. ICAM(intercellular adhesion molecule)-1은 동맥 경화를 일으키는 염증 반응에 관여하여 동맥경화가 있을 경우 높은 혈중 농도를 가지며 관상 동맥질환의 유무 또는 예후를 알 수 있는 인자로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 관상 동맥 중재술을 시행한 환자에서adiponectin과 ICAM-1의 혈중 농도를 측정하여 관상동맥 협착의 진행, 철망내 재협착과의 관계를 알아보고자 하였다.방 법 :풍선 확장술 및 철망 삽입술을 시행한 83명의 환자(남자 51명, 평균 연령 57.90±9.75세)를 대상으로 하여 관상 동맥 중재술 시술 당시 관상 동맥 조영술 소견과 6개월 추적 관상 동맥 조영술 소견을 비교 분석하였다.그리고 풍선 확장술 및 철망 삽입술 시행 전에 혈중 adiponectin,ICAM-1 농도를 측정하였고 총 콜레스테롤,중성 지방, 저밀도 지단백, 고밀도 지단백, 아포단백-A,아포단백-B의 농도도 같이 측정하였다. 이를 관상 동맥협착의 진행(10% 이상)과 철망내 재협착(50% 이상) 유무에 따라 군을 나누어 위의 측정치에 대한 비교를 시행하였다. 결 과: 각 군 간의 연령, 위험 인자(당뇨병, 고혈압, 흡연)에 따른 차이는 보이지 않았으며 체질량 지수에 대해서도 차이는 없었다. 관상 동맥 협착이 진행한 군은 진행하지 않은 군에 비해 혈중 adiponectin 농도가 의미 있게 낮게 (3.91±1.24 μg/mL vs 4.66±1.36 μg/mL, p=0.03) 나타났고 혈중 ICAM-1 농도가 높게(199.16±79.13 ng/mL vs 150.54±63.65 ng/mL, p=0.03) 나타났다. 철망내 재협착이 있었던 군에서도 혈중 adiponectin 농도 가 낮게(3.99±1.22 μg/mL vs 4.33±1.38 μg/mL) 나타났고 혈중 ICAM-1 농도가 높게(195.17±68.45 ng/mL vs 171.47±80.48 ng/mL) 나타났으나 통계적 유의성은 가지지 못하였다. 결 론: 낮은 혈중 adiponectin과 높은 혈중 ICAM-1 농도 는 관상 동맥 협착의 진행을 예측할 수 있는 위험 인자로 역할을 할 수 있으나 철망내 재협착과의 관계에 대해서 는 좀 더 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다.

이브리 Ivry의 아르토와 폴 테브냉:아르토의 말년의 삶과 총서 출간에 관하여

박형섭 한국프랑스문화학회 2019 프랑스문화연구 Vol.43 No.1

Cet article explore la trajectoire de la vie au cours des dernières années du poète Artaud et le travail de Paule Thévenin qui l’a aidé à écrire à la clinique d’Ivry. La présence de Paule était essentielle pour Artaud. Quand Artaud n’a plus été capable de prendre des notes, elle a écrit sa dictée. En outre, elle s’est consacrée à la compilation des livres d’Artaud environ 40 ans, conservant des notes et des écritures illisibles sur papier qu’il a laissés après la mort d’Artaud. Artaud, en trois années, a précipité dans ses cahiers bien davantage que ce temps-là. Conséquence : la lecture a dû faire l’inverse et remettre du temps, beaucoup de temps. Sans elle, les Œuvres complètes d’Artaud n’auraient pas existé. Bien que les contributions de Paule Thévenin aient été énormes, il y avait un conflit avec les héritiers d’Artaud. Cet article porte sur les activités culturelles d’Artaud à Ivry, le rôle de Paule Thévenin sur la publication Œuvres complètes d’Artaud. Paule Thévenin doit être le lecteur parfait d’Artaud. Elle a lu et réécrit ses écrits jusqu’à la mort(1993). À la fin, Artaud a rendu l’existence à l’éternel à travers Œuvres complètes. Dès le début, Paule Thévenin a été fascinée par son être, par son regard extraordinaire et par sa qualité d’écriture, et elle a cherché à remplir sa vocation. Il est dommage que les morts ne puissent plus rien dire devant les intérêts des héritiers. Après tout, les Œuvres complètes d’Artaud a été développé par un destin énigmatique après une rencontre accidentelle entre Artaud et Paul Thevenin. La mythologie Artaud que nous avons lue est l’union de ces deux âmes étonnantes. En dépit de toute controverse, la publication et la signification des Œuvres complètes d’Artaud sont exceptionnelles.

Gaps between Real-world Practice and Guidelines in Managing Patients with Atrial Fibrillation in Korea

박형섭,한성욱 대한심장학회 2017 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.47 No.6

앙토냉 아르토와 정신병원

박형섭 부산외국어대학교 지중해지역원 2019 지중해지역연구 Vol.21 No.2

Antonin Artaud, a poet of cruelty, suffered from mental illness for life. He has been suffering from mental illnesses such as meningitis in his early days and neurosis since his youth. His writing and artistic activities can not be separated from psychosis. Artaud did not stop writing despite being in custody at a psychiatric hospital. It was the only means of communicating with the outside world as a patient of chronic disease. His morbid state and existence, his dissatisfaction with the absurdity of the world, and mysticism. In psychiatry, this obsession with art therapy is referred to as graphomania. After his expulsion from Ireland, Artaud was transferred to the psychiatric hospital of Sotteville-lès-Rouen in October 1937; then, interned at Sainte-Anne in Paris in April 1938 and finally transported, placed in a straitjacket, to the psychiatric hospital of Ville-Évrard, in the suburbs of Paris, in February 1939. He remained there for four years, until his death. Providential transfer to Rodez in February 1943. Providential, because Ville-Évrard had proved to be a real “deathbed”. The patients fell like flies with being reduced to famine. Today, research on Artaud is continuing in many fields. The texts he had produced are still subject of decryption. Especially, writings confined in psychiatric hospitals are read not only in literature, art, but also in psychiatry. In particular, the writings and paintings of Artaud raise the problem of absolute solitude of human mind, despair of language, manifestation of social maladjustment. The extraordinary world is dominated by poets like Artaud, fantasists, madness owners, and neurotic patients. Their mysterious persuasive powers have given birth to religion and art, and will open a new future. If they say their creative inspiration is poetry, it will at some point come into contact with mental illness. That is the case with Artaud. This study explored writing as a mental illness of this sick-Artaud, the detention of the hospital, and the release of poets.

Tracking the Fate of Muscle-derived Stem Cells: an Insight into the Distribution and Mode of Action

박형섭,최금희,한소리,유영선,정인목,이태승 대한혈관외과학회 2014 Vascular Specialist International Vol.30 No.1

Purpose: To examine the fate of muscle-derived stem cells (MDSC) after injection into different host conditions and provide an insight for their mechanism of action. Materials and Methods: MDSCs differentiated in vitro towards the endothelial lineage and transfected with lentivirus tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) were injected into two animal models mimicking vascular diseases: hindlimb ischemia and carotid injury models. Injected cells were tracked at the site of injection and in remote organs by harvesting the respective tissues at different time intervals and performing immunofluorescent histological analyses. Stem cell survival was quantified at the site of injection for up to 4 weeks. Results: MDSCs were successfully tagged with fluorescent material GFP and showed successful implantation into the respective injection sites. These cells showed a higher affinity to implant in blood vessel walls as shown by double fluorescent co-stain with CD31. Quantification of stem cell survival showed a timede pendent decrease from day 3 to 4 weeks (survival rate normalized against day 3 was 72.0% at 1 week, 26.8% at 2 weeks and 2.4% at 4 weeks). Stem cells were also fo und in distant organs, especially the kidneys and liver, which survived up to 4 weeks. Conclusion: MDSCs were successfully tracked in different vascular disease models, and their fate was assessed in terms of cell survival and distribution. Better understanding of the donor cell properties, including their interaction with the host conditions and their mechanism of action, are needed to enhance cell survival and achieve improved outcomes.

앙토넹 아르토의〈잔혹연극Theatre de la cruaute〉의 이론

박형섭 釜山大學校 人文學硏究所 1999 人文論叢 Vol.53 No.1

앙토냉 아르토의 멕시코 타라후마라 기행 고찰

박형섭 한국프랑스학회 2013 한국프랑스학논집 Vol.84 No.-

Ce travail est une analyse des écrits sur le voyage de Mexico d’Antonin Artaud. Artaud va au Mexique pour y voir qui reste de la vieille civilisation des Toltèques et des Aztèques. Il a écrit les textes consacrés aux Tarahumaras: La Montagne des signes, Le rite de Peyotl, D’un voyage au pays des Tarahumaras, etc. Artaud rêve d’un autre monde, non européen, qui échapperait aux rumeurs de l’Histoire. Avec le départ au Mexique tout pourrait recommencer sous un autre monde. Aux yeux d’Artaud, le pays des Tarahumaras apparaît comme un monde plein de signes. La correspondance du macrocosme et du microcosme y est si forte que le paysage même défile comme un incessant cryptogramme. La montagne des Tarahumaras parle ainsi un langage archaïque. L’expérience du Peyotl tient dans les Tarahumaras une place importante. Artaud recherche les ombres d’une civilisation disparue. C’est ce qu’il nomme le vieil inconscient atavique et le moyen de se faire initier, de retourner aux sources, ou à la source de son être. En fin de compte les Tarahumaras deviennent ainsi le texte-clé où l'œuvre se retourne sur elle-même dans la transgression suprême. Après le voyage au pays des Tarahumaras, Artaud n'écrit plus comme avant. Ce que le Mexique propose ouvre encore plus le créateur à la précarité de l'existence, à son infirmité, à son enfermement mais aussi à son langage explosif. L'œuvre à venir va finir le travail : faire renoncer Artaud à sa propre origine pour une autre origine où l'auteur pourrait affirmer un Je libre et non plus Artaud. Artaud est fou? Non. Il vit dans le feu de l’inspiration comme un poète-génie. Sa vie est un vrai théâtre de la cruauté. Enfin pour Artaud ce voyage devient l'embrayeur définitif qui engage l'œuvre vers ses derniers états littéraire et poétique jusqu’à sa mort.