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박원하,김창근 대한스포츠의학회 1993 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.11 No.1
The present study was performed to observe the effect of ammonia, which was increased during exercise, on the muscular fatigue in rat gastrocnermius-soleus muscle. In experimental group Ⅱ with applying ammonia(1800 ㎍/kg) intravenously, contractile tension of gastromius-soleus muscle evoked by electrical stimulation was recorded to observe the complete tetanic response and single twitch response. Electrical stimulation pared with results of experimental group Ⅰ with applying lactate(50 mg/kg) intravenously, with results of control group Ⅰ without anything in first experiment. In second experiments, experimental group Ⅳ was exercised in swimming bath to exhausted state with applying ammonia intravenously, control group Ⅱ was exercised without anything and experimental group Ⅲ with applying lactate. After that, the complete tetanic response and single twitch response were obtained and compared through the same method. The results are summarized as follows. 1. The increased ammonia resulted in increase of threshold for rat muscle contraction. 2. During complete tetanic response, the increased ammonia resulted in decrease of ratio between the time to be a peak tetanic tension and amplitude of peak tetanic tension. 3. During complete tetanic response, rat muscle gradually reduces its tension output, which were interpreted as sign of musclar fatigue. The increased ammonia tension output, but this decreased have no significant meaning statistically. 4. Under the continuous electrical stimulation(2 Hz), the maximal twitch response and complete tetanic response were recorded at every thirty-seconds. Decreasing rate of maximal twitch tension and peak tetanic tension were increased in hyperammonized rat.
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박원하,남숙현 고려대학교 의과대학 1990 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.27 No.1
The aim of this study was to find out whether lactate, produced by anaerobic glycolysis, stored in muscle and circulating blood, alter the chemical excitability of muscular nociceptor with unmyelinated afferents fibers. In anesthetized cats, the discharges of single muscular group Ⅳ afferent unit in response to intra-arterial injections of potassium chloride and bradykinin were evaluated quantitatively and the influence of systemically infused lactate the response magnitude determined. The results are as follows 1) After systemic administration(Ⅰ.Ⅴ.) of lactate during 3 minutes, potassium chloride (0.3mM) was injected intra-arterially with 3 - 4minutes intervals into gastrocnemius-soleus muscle. The peak impulse discharges and duration of response to potassium 2) After systemic administration(Ⅰ.Ⅴ.) of lactate during 3 minutes, potassium chloride (0.3mM) was injected intra-arterially with 3 - 4 minutes intervals into gastrocnemius-soleus muscle. The latency to peak impulse discharges and latency of response induced by potassium chloride from muscular group Ⅳ afferent increased. 3) After systemic administration(Ⅰ.Ⅴ.) of lactate during 3 minutes, bradykinin(26ug) was injected intra-arterially with 4 - 5 minutes intervals into gastrocnemius-soleus muscle. Total impulse discharges per solution injection from muscular group Ⅳ afferent chloride from muscular group Ⅳ afferent diminished increased. 4) Most of the receptors responding to potassium chloride and bradykinin had a high threshold on mechanical stimulation and thus were probably nocieceptors. To summarize the above results, systemically infused lactate sensitize the muscle nociceptor of afferent group Ⅳ fibers ; the effective concentration lying within the range observed in strenuous exercise. As to the mechanism of action of lactate it is probable that the lactate does not interact with potassium chloride and bradykinin directly but acts on a secondary process which is started by the injection of the peptide.
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박원하,이종서,강경중,서용곤 대한척추외과학회 2014 Asian Spine Journal Vol.8 No.5
Study Design: Cross sectional study. Purpose: To evaluate characteristics of back muscle strength in patients scheduled for lumbar fusion surgery. Overview of Literature: Little is known regarding muscle strength in patients with symptomatic lumbar degenerative diseases who require fusion surgery. Methods: Consecutive 354 patients scheduled for posterior lumbar interbody fusion due to symptomatic degenerative diseases were approached for participation. 316 patients were enrolled. Before surgery, muscle strength was assessed by measuring maximal isometric extension strength at seven angular positions (0°, 12°, 24°, 36°, 48°, 60°, and 72°) and mean isometric strength was calculated. The Oswestry Disability Index (0–100) and visual analogue scale (0–100) for back pain were recorded. Muscle strength was compared according to gender, age (<60, 60–70, and ≥70 years) and scheduled fusion level (short, <3; long, ≥3). Results: Isometric strength was significantly decreased compared with previously reported results of healthy individuals, particularly at extension positions (0°–48°, p <0.05). Mean isometric strength was significantly lower in females (p <0.001) and older patients (p <0.05). Differences of isometric strength between short and long level fusion were not significantly different (p >0.05). Isometric strengths showed significant, but weak, inverse correlations with age and Oswestry Disability Index (r <0.4, p <0.05). Conclusions: In patients with symptomatic lumbar degenerative diseases, back muscle strength significantly decreased, particularly at lumbar extension positions, and in females and older patients.
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박원하,이병섭 대한스포츠의학회 2000 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.18 No.2
The purpose of this study was to establish a normal value of isometric lumbar extension strength according to age, gender. This study included 9486 healthy men and 4012 women who completed a maximal isometric lumbar extension strength test in 72 degrees range of motion(0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 54, 60, 72 degrees of lumbar flexion) by using lumbar extension machine(Medx®). Data were analyzed for means, standard deviations and percentile with variables by using the SPSS 8.0 software package. The results obtained were as follows: 1) The torque values of males were greater than females at each angles test. 2) The younger the age, the greater were the torque values. 3) The relative body weight torque values decreased at all angles more in females, and as the age of the subjects increased. 4) The ratio of lumbar flexion 72 and 0 degree was 2.18-2.33:1 in men, and 2.09-2.41:1 in women. The relative(ft-lb isometric torque/kg body weigh) 72/0 degrees ration of men was greater than women
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