Effects of 3-Methylcholanthrene on DNA Damages and Replication Inhibition in the Presence of Metabolic Activation System

박기현,이정섭,이형호,박상대,Park, Ki-Hyun,Lee, Jung-Sup,Lee, Hyung-Ho,Park, Sang-Dai 생화학분자생물학회 1985 한국생화학회지 Vol.18 No.2

CHO-KI 세포를 재료로 발암 전구물질인 3-methylcholanthrene(3-MC)에 의한 DNA사 절단, 비주기성 DNA합성 및 복제억제에 마치는 영향을 쥐의 간 상등액(5-15)과 NADPH를 조효소로 하는 대사활성계를 이용하여 알키리 유출법, 자기방사법 및 알카리 농도구배 초원심 분리법으로 조사하였다. 3-MC를 S-15으로 활성화시키지 않을 경우 24시간 처리에도 비주기성 DNA합성이나 DNA사절단을 거의 일으키지 않았다. 그러나 S-15과 함께 3-MC를 1시간 처리하였을 경우 비주기성 DNA 합성과 DNA단사 절단율이 농도증가에 따라 증가하였으며, hydroxyurea와 ara-C를 후처리 하였을 때 현저한 DNA단사 축적양상이 보였다. 그리고 유발된 단사절단의 회복에 있어서는 3시간 이상의 시간에도 대조군 수준으로 회복되지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 3-MC가 DNA상해요인으로 작용하기 위해서는 대사활성이 반드시 필요하며 자외선형의 상해유발 물질임을 암시한다. 또한, DNA복제양상은 농도에 비 례 DNA합성률이 억제되면서, $10^{-6}\;M$ 이하의 농도에서는 DNA복제 개시 (replicon initiation)가, 그 이상의 농도에서는 DNA복제개시와 DNA사 생장(chain elongation)의 동시 억제양상이 보였다. DNA strand breaks and replication inhibition by 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) were determined in the presence or absence of metabolic activation in CHO-KI cells. DNA strand breaks were induced in a small extent by 3-MC for 24 hr treatment. However, the single strand breaks were effectively induced by 3-MC for 1 hr treatment with the metabolic activation system. The production of strand breaks were remarkably increased by post-incubation with hydorxyurea and ara-C. At low doses below $10^{-6}\;M$, inhibition of replicon initiation was observed, at higher doses non-specific inhibition of both replicon initiation and chain growth was shown.

GnRH의 맥동성 투여에 의한 남성 성선기능저하증의 치료

박기현,지용석,이병석,이보연,조동제,송찬호,이무상,최형기,이현철,허갑범,Park, Ki-Hyun,Jee, Yong-Seok,Lee, Byung-Seok,Lee, Bo-Yun,Cho, Dong-Jae,Song, Chan-Ho,Lee, Moo-Sang,Choi, Hyung-Ki,Lee, Hyun-Chul,Heo, Kab-Beom 대한생식의학회 1992 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.19 No.1

The effects of pulsatile GnRH therapy have been studied for the treatment of different forms of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, including idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and hypogonadism developed as a result of treatment with combination of surgery and irradiation for pituitary or hypothalamic tumor. GnRH was administered subcutaneously in a dose of $10{\mu}g$ every 2 hours with the pulsatile infusion pump. With GnRH therapy, all patients improved secretion of LH, FSH and testosterone. Testicular volumes increased. Spermatogenesis was induced in 8 patients. Pulsatile GnRH therapy is an effective treatment for idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and can have a role in hypogonadism previously treated with combination of surgery and irradiation for pituitary or hypothalamic tumor.

백작약약침(白芍藥藥鍼)이 백서(白鼠)의 위궤양(胃潰瘍)에 미치는 면역조직화학적(免疫組織化學的) 연구(硏究)

박기현,한상원,박재현,Park Ki-Hyun,Han Sang-Won,Park Jae-Hyun 대한침구의학회 1998 대한침구의학회지 Vol.15 No.2

In order to study the immunohistochemical effects of herbal drug-acupuncture of Radix paeoniae lactiflorae on gastric ulcer induced by HCl-aspirin in rats. this experiment was done by herbal drug-acupuncture to Wisu($B_{21}$). Chung-Wan($CV_{12}$), Chok-Samni($S_{36}$) loci to measure histological features of ulcer lesion, the change of numbers of parietal cell, chief celI, gastrin and somatostatin-immunoreactive cell. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The ulcerative lesions of gastric mucosa were decreased to WiSU($B_{21}$) loci followed by Chung-Wan($CV_{12}$) and Chok-Samni($S_{36}$) loci compared to the control groups. 2. In the numbers of parietal cell, the most remarkable decrease was observed to Wisu($B_{21}$) loci followed by Chung-Wan($CV_{12}$) and Chok-Samni($S_{36}$) loci compared to the control groups. 3. In the numbers of chief cell, the most remarkable increase was observed to Wisu($B_{21}$) loci followed by Chung-Wan($CV_{12}$) and Chok-Samni($S_{36}$) loci compared to the control groups. 4. In the numbers of gastrin-immunoreactive cell, the most remarkable decrease was observed to Wiu($B_{21}$) loci followed by Chung-Wan($CV_{12}$) and Chok-Samni($S_{36}$) loci compared to the control groups. 5. In the numbers of somatostatin-immunoreactive cell, the most remarkable decrease was observed to Wisu($B_{21}$) loci followed by Chung-Wan($CV_{12}$) and Chok-Samni($S_{36}$) loci compared to the control groups.

CMP 패드 강성에 따른 산화막 불균일성(WIWNU)에 관한 연구

박기현,정재우,박범영,서헌덕,이현섭,정해도,Park, Ki-Hyun,Jung, Jae-Woo,Park, Boum-Young,Seo, Heon-Deok,Lee, Hyun-Seop,Jeong, Hae-Do 한국전기전자재료학회 2005 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.18 No.6

Within wafer non-uniformity(WIWNU) improves as the stiffness of pad decrease. We designed the pad groove to study of pad stiffness on WIWNU in Chemical mechanical polishing(CMP) and measured the pad stiffness according to groove width. The groove influences effective pad stiffness although original mechanical properties of pad are unchanged by grooving. Also, it affects the flow of slurry that has an effect on the lubrication regime and polishing results. An Increase of the apparent contact area of pad by groove width results in decrease of effective pad stiffness. WIWNU and profile of removal tate improved as effective pad stiffness decreased. Because grooving the pad reduce its effective stiffness and it makes slurry distribution to be uniform. Futhermore, it ensures that pad conforms to wafer-scale flatness variability. By grooving the top pad, it is possible to reduce its stiffness and hence reduce WIWNU and edge effect.

국립공원 내 공중화장실에 대한 탐방객 인식에 관한 연구 : 지리산국립공원을 중심으로

이호(Ho Lee),이승록(Seung-Rok Lee),박기현(Ki-Hyun Park),박은희(Eun-Hee Park),차진열(Jin-Yeol Cha),심규원(Kyu-Won Sim),강동원(Dong-Won Gang) 국립공원연구원 2011 국립공원연구지 Vol.2 No.1

본 연구는 공원 내 공중화장실에 대한 탐방객의 인식이 만족도에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 수행하였다. 현지 설문조사는 지리산국립공원의 성삼재와 중산리 일원을 방문한 탐방객 292명을 대상으로 이루어졌다. 분석결과, 공중화장실의 관리상태, 외관, 디자인 요인 모두 탐방객의 공중화장실 이용 만족에 영향을 주는 것으로 분석되었으며, 그 중 관리상태가 가장 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 탐방객의 인식과 만족을 향상시키기 위해서는 공중화장실의 청결한 관리 및 유지, 악취 방지, 소모품의 원활한 공급 등에 우선순위를 두어 집중적으로 관리할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. This study conducts to investigate the relationship between visitors’ perception and satisfaction. Data of 292 visitors were collected from Seongsamjae and Jungsanri in Jirisan National Park. The results showed that maintenance, outlook and design of public toilet are positively related to visitors’ satisfaction. One of the major research findings is that the maintenance of public toilet most affects visitors’ satisfaction. Therefore, the park managers need to put great emphasis on the cleanliness and maintenance, preventing stinks, consumable supplies of public toilet in order to enhance visitors’ perception and satisfaction.

발암의 생화학적 표지로서 폴리아민에 관한 연구 ( 1 ) - 다핵 방향족 탄화수소와 니트로 화합물이 흰쥐의 폴리아민 수준에 미치는 영향

박기현,김정락 ( Ki Hyun Park,Jung Rock Khim ) 생화학분자생물학회 1982 BMB Reports Vol.15 No.3

Changes in polyamine content in the liver of rat were investigated after a single oral dose with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (3-methylcholanthrene, 100 ㎎; 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, 20 ㎎) and a single i.p. injection with nitrosamines (diethylnitrosamine, 30 ㎎; diethanolnitrosamine, 30 ㎎), respectively. Spermiddlne concentrations showed considerable increase on day 5 after chemical administration and elevated to a level about 2 times higher than that of controls on day 15. Spermidines of these maximal levels on day 15 were markedly decreased later, but slightly increased again after 20 days and appeared to remain 1.7 fold as compared controls until 50 days. In the case of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene- treated rat, spermidine concentration was a maximal level on day 10 and decreased progressively later. Spermine concentrations were not exhibited a characteristic changes during the period studied.

Cytochrome P-450 유도물질을 처리한 흰쥐 간의 마이크로좀 Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylase 활성도와 혈액의 Polyamines 농도와의 관계

박기현,이윤형,Park, Ki-Hyun,Lee, Youn-Hyung 생화학분자생물학회 1985 한국생화학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Cytochrome P-450 (P-450) 유도물질인 phenobarbital (Pb)과 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC)을 흰쥐 (S.D., male, 150-160 g)에 처리한 후 간 마이 크로좀의 P-450 유도에 따른 Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylase (AHHase) 활성도와 혈 액중의 polyamines 분포 및 농도와의 관계를 검토하였다. P-450-b 유도물질인 Pb 처리는 P-450 함량을 상당히 증가시키면서 대조구의 polyamines 분포 (putrescine, spermidine, spermine)와는 달리 spermidine, spermine의 분포를 나타내지만 총 polyamines 농도는 차이가 없었다. P-450-c 유도물질이며 강력한 발암물질인 3-MC 처리는 putrescine, spermidine의 분포로서 특히 putrescine은 대조구의 10배로, 그리고 총 polyamines 농도는 2배 증가되었으며 AHHase 활성도는 12배 이상 증가폭을 보였다. 이와 같은 현상은 putrescine 생합성에 관여하는 ornithine decarboxylase가 3-MC의 대사산물에 의해 그 활성이 촉진되어 비정상적으로 putrescine이 축적되며 polyamine oxidase가 spermine의 분해를 증가시킨 것으로 P-450-c의 유도에 따른 AHHase 활성도 증가와 polyamines의 생합성 또는 분해와는 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 사료된다. The relationship between polyamines in blood and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHHase, EC, 1.14.14.1) activities in hepatic microsomes was observed when rats (Sprague - Dawley, male, 150-160 g) were treated intraperitoneally with phenobarbital (Pb) or 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) as potent inducers of cytochrome P-450 (P-450) isoenzymes. In the case of Pb-treatment for an induction of P-450-b, P-450 contents of hepatic microsomes were significantly enhanced and total polyamine levels in blood had no change After administration of 3-MC as a carcinogen and an inducer of P-450-c, the major polyamines measured in blood were putrescine and spermidine and total polyamine level was increased over 2-fold. In particular, putrescine concentration was enhanced drastically when compared with control value (10-fold). These results indicate that only the putrescine was accumulated abnormally because ornithine decarboxylase and polyamine oxidase as enzymes of polyamine synthesis or degradation were stimulated by metabolites of 3-MC treated. On the other hand, hepatic microsomal AHHase activities by the induction of P-450-c were increased over 13-fold. In this respect, a relationship is suggested between AHHase activities enhanced from induction of P-450-c and synthesis or degradation of polyamines.

DNA 상해와 복제억제에 미치는 3 - methylcholanthrene 의 영향

박기현,이정섭,이형호,박상대 ( Ki Hyun Park,Jung Sup Lee,Hyung Ho Lee,Sang Dai Park ) 생화학분자생물학회 1985 BMB Reports Vol.18 No.2

DNA strand breaks and replication inhibition by 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) were determined in the presence or absence of metabolic activation in CHO-Kl cells. DNA strand breaks were induced in a small extent by 3-MC for 24 hr treatment. However, the single strand breaks were effectively induced by 3-MC for 1 hr treatment with the metabolic activation system. The production of strand breaks were remarkably increased by post-incubation with hydorxyurea and ara-C. At low doses below 10^(-6) M, inhibition of replicon initiation was observed, at higher doses non-specific inhibition of both replicon initiation and chain growth was shown.

Cytochrome P - 450 유도물질 처리한 흰쥐 간의 마이크로좀 Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylase 활성도와 혈액의 Polyamines 농도와의 관계

박기현,이윤형 ( Ki Hyun Park,Youn Hyung Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 1985 BMB Reports Vol.18 No.3

The relationship between polyamines in blood and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHHase, EC, 1.14.14.1) activities in hepatic microsomes was observed when rats (Sprague - Dawley, male, 150 160 g) were treated intraperitoneally with phenobarbital (Pb) or 3 - methylcholanthrene (3 - MC) as potent inducers of cytochrome P - 450 (P - 450) isoenzymes. In the case of Pb - treatment for an induction of P - 450 - b, P - 450 contents of hepatic microsomes were significantly enhanced and total polyamine levels in blood had no change After administration of 3 - MC as a carcinogen and an inducer of P - 450 - c, the major polyamines measured in blood were putrescine and spermidine and total polyamine level was increased over 2 - fold. In particular, putrescine concentration was enhanced drastically when compared with control value (10 - fold). These results indicate that only the putrescine was accumulated abnormally because ornithine decarboxylase and polyamine oxidase as enzymes of polyamine synthesis or degradation were stimulated by metabolites of 3 - MC treated. On the other hand, hepatic microsomal AHHase activities by the induction of P - 450 - c were increased over 13 - fold. In this respect, a relationship is suggested between AHHase activities enhanced from induction of P - 450 - c and synthesis or degradation of polyamines.

Dimethylnitrosamine 이 흰쥐의 내분비에 미치는 영향

박기현,선우 양일 ( Ki Hyun Park,Yang Il Sunwoo ) 생화학분자생물학회 1981 BMB Reports Vol.14 No.1

1. When dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) was injected to Wistar female rat before the ovulation, the sercetion of progesterone and estradiol-17β was substantially suppressed. However, the different levels of these hormone secretion according to the DMN concentration was not significant, 2. In the case of the pregnant rats, DMN inhibited the secretion of estradiol-17β at the stage of ovulation and early implantation, In contrast with the above facts, the .secretion of this hormone was enhanced during the progressive implantation, 3. A similar behavior with the one of estradiol-17β was also observed in the secretion of progesterone for the case of the pregnant rats treated with DMN.