한국어 아동지향어에서의 고모음 무성음화: 음장의 매개효과

김수한,고언숙 한국언어학회 2023 언어 Vol.48 No.4

This study seeks to advance our understanding of child-directed speech (CDS) by examining patterns of Korean high vowel devoicing (HVD) in relation to speech register. Ten mothers, engaging in book reading and spontaneous speech, taught both novel and existing words to their own child (mean age = 13 months) and an adult. We noted a lower rate of HVD in CDS compared to adult-directed speech (ADS), potentially contributing to infants' acquisition of vowel contrasts. The impact of speech register on HVD rates, however, was not a direct effect but was entirely mediated by vowel duration. CDS displayed longer vowel durations than ADS, and prolonged vowels were found to be less susceptible to HVD. Significantly, when the register was incorporated into a statistical model alongside duration, its influence on the rate of HVD became statistically non-significant. Furthermore, we identified the effect of vowel position within the utterance on HVD occurrence. Notably, the final position, characterized by the longest vowel duration, exhibited the highest susceptibility to HVD. This observation challenges the exclusive classification of HVD as a phonetic process, suggesting instead that HVD is a phonological phenomenon with inherent phonetic properties.

APMC 2008 참가기

김수한 한국전자파학회 2009 전자파기술 Vol.20 No.1

The Relationship Between J Wave on the Surface Electrocardiography and Ventricular Fibrillation during Acute Myocardial Infarction

김수한,김대혁,박상돈,백용수,우성일,신성희,권준,박금수 대한의학회 2014 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.29 No.5

We investigated whether the presence of J wave on the surface electrocardiography (sECG)could be a potential risk factor for ventricular fibrillation (VF) during acute myocardialinfarction (AMI). We performed a retrospective study of 317 patients diagnosed with AMIin a single center from 2009 to 2012. Among the enrolled 296 patients, 22 (13.5%)patients were selected as a VF group. The J wave on the sECG was defined as a J pointelevation manifested through QRS notching or slurring at least 1 mm above the baseline inat least two leads. We found that the incidence of J wave on the sECG was significantlyhigher in the VF group. We also confirmed that several conventional risk factors of VF weresignificantly related to VF during AMI; time delays from the onset of chest pain, bloodconcentrations of creatine phosphokinase and incidence of ST-segment elevation. Multiplelogistic regression analysis demonstrated that the presence of J wave and the presence of aST-segment elevation were independent predictors of VF during AMI. This studydemonstrated that the presence of J wave on the sECG is significantly related to VF duringAMI.

졸-겔 법을 통한 안트라퀴논계 염료의 유-무기 하이브리드 실리카 핵의 제조 및 분산 특성 조사

김수한,이칠원,공명선,김병훈,정윤호 한국공업화학회 2004 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2004 No.-

정유량 막여과 파울링 모델을 이용한 막여과 정수 플랜트 공정 진단 기법

김수한 대한상하수도학회 2013 상하수도학회지 Vol.27 No.1

A process diagnosis method for membrane water treatment plant was developed using a constant flux membrane fouling model. This diagnosis method can be applied to a real-field membrane-based water treatment plant as an early alarming system for membrane fouling. The constant flux membrane fouling model was based on the simplest equation form to describe change in trans-membrane pressure (TMP) during the filtration cycle from a literature. The model was verified using a pilot-scale microfiltraton (MF) plant with two commercial MF membrane modules (72 m2 of membrane area). The predicted TMP data were produced using the model, where the modeling parameters were obtained by the least square method using the early plant data and modeling equations. The diagnosis was carried out by comparing the predicted TMP data (as baseline) and real plant data. As a result of the case study, the diagnsis method worked pretty well to predict the early points where fouling started to occur.

해수담수화플랜트에서 가스 하이드레이트 공정 도입을 통한 역삼투 공정의 에너지 절감 효과

김수한,임준혁 대한상하수도학회 2013 상하수도학회지 Vol.27 No.6

Gas hydrate (GH) process is a new desalination technology, where GH is a non- stoichiometric crystalline inclusion compounds formed by water and a number of gas molecules. Seawater GH is produced in a low temperature and a high pressure condition and they are separated from the concentrated seawater. The drawback of the GH process so far is that salt contents contained in its product does not meet the fresh water quality standard. This means that the GH process is not a standalone process for seawater desalination and it needs the help of other desalting process like reverse osmosis (RO). The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of GH process on energy saving for RO process in seawater desalination. The GH product water quality data, which were obtained from a literature, were used as input data for RO process simulation. The simulation results show that the energy saving effect by the GH process is in a range of 68 % to 81 %, which increases as the salt removal efficiency of the GH process increases. Boron (B) and total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations of the final product of the hybrid process of GH and RO were also investigated through the RO process simulation to find relavant salt rejection efficiency of the GH process. In conclusion, the salt rejection efficiency of the GH process should exceed at least 78% in order to meet the product water quality standards and to increase the energy saving effect.

중국 지역발전과 권역 거점도시의 성장: 도시 경제역량과 발전잠재력 측정

김수한 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터 2020 중소연구 Vol.44 No.1

In the early stages of China’s reform and opening, China adopted an imbalanced regional development strategy that giving priority to the development of the towns in eastern coastal China to prevent system agitation due to the opening while improving the concentration and utilization efficiency of limited resources. In order to reduce the deepened imbalance between areas and develop domestic economy, the China government has begun to focus on developing major cities. Since Xi Jinping took power, the ‘multi centre network’ regional development strategy that connects all regions of China with transportation and logistics infrastructure has been formed by using these developing major cities as node. New central cities and urban network emerge at eastern coastal China and the major cities of midwest inland are developing rapidly throughout the process. The reorganization of spatial structure of socioeconomic all across China has been accelerating. Therefore, more systematic observation and response to the organization of spatial structure of socioeconomic all across China is needed. In this study, a measurement method was designed to identify the level of development in China’s regional major cities and the relative capacity levels of each city was compared to apply the measurement method. In particular, this study established a measurement indicators to measure the development potential as well as the current economic capacity of China’s regional major cities. In addition approaches such as AHP was applied to determine the relative importance of each indicator more objectively. This study will contribute to the preparation of basic information for communication and business between regions in China 중국은 개혁개방 초기에 제한된 자원의 집중과 이용 효율을 높이는 한편, 대외개방에 따른 체제 동요를 방지하기 위해 동부 연해의 거점도시를 집중 육성하는 불균형 지역발전 전략을 채택했다. 중국 정부는 이후 지역 간 심화된 불균형을 줄이고 내수경제를 발전시키기 위해 권역별 성장 거점도시 육성에 주안점을 두기 시작했다. 중국 지역발전 전략의 변동에 따라 동부 연해지역에 새로운 중심도시 및 도시네트워크가 떠오르고 중서부 내륙에 성장거점 대도시가 빠르게 성장하고 있다. 이 같은 중국 전역의 경제․사회적 공간구조 재편에 대한 보다 체계적인 관측과 대응이 필요하다. 이 연구에서는 중국 권역 거점도시의 발전 수준을 파악하기 위한 측정방법을 설계하고 이를 적용하여 각 도시들의 상대적 역량 수준을 비교하였다. 특히 연구에서는 중국 권역 거점도시의 현재적 경제역량 뿐만 아니라 발전잠재력 모니터링을 위한 측정을 시도하였다. 각 지표의 상대적 중요성을 보다 객관적으로 판별하기 위해 AHP 등의 접근법을 적용하였다. 이를 통해 연구에서는 중국 거점도시 역량을 측정하여 도시역량 순위를 도출하고 이를 종합하여 각 권역별 향후 발전을 전망하였다. 이는 보다 체계적인 중국 지역별 교류·비즈니스를 위한 토대 자료 구축이라는 점에서 연구 의의가 있다.

Surviving Hard Times: The Impacts of Corporate Bankruptcy on Workplace Inequality in the United States

김수한 한국사회학회 2013 韓國社會學 Vol.47 No.3

Researchers have studied women’s and minorities’ slow promotion into management by focusing on hiring and promotion. However, few have examined how women and minorities secure their managerial positions during corporate restructuring. Corporate bankruptcy is a widespread but understudied form of restructuring that affects employment opportunities. Using longitudinal employment data on 5,569 American workplaces over 23 years, this study finds that bankruptcy shapes racial and gender inequality. The proportion of white women in management increases when firms face bankruptcy, but it decreases when the firms overcome bankruptcy. The proportion of white men in management decreases when firms anticipate bankruptcy and experience subsequent restructuring, but the proportion increases for companies that survive bankruptcy. Representation of minorities declines before, during, and after bankruptcy restructuring. This paper concludes with implications for policy and future research.

전침자극과 고정스트레스가 옥시토신 면역반응세포의 변화에 미치는 영향

김수한 가야대학교 2007 가야대학교 논문집 Vol.15 No.-

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of immobilization stress and electro acupuncture on the change of oxytocin (OT) immunoreactive cells in the hypothalamus of the male SD rats. Nine healthy and normal rats were divided into three groups, 3 SD rat in each group. The one group has been stimulated by electro acupuncture (EA, 2Hz) for 30 min and the other group by EA for 90 min and fixed group has not been stimulated. The results were summarized as follows. In immobilized SD rats (n=3), OT immunoreactive cells were found in the Paraventricular nucleus (PVN). The number of OT immunoreactive cells of PVN were significantly increased after 30 min as compared with control group (p<0.05) and were also significantly increased after 90 min than 30 min(p<0.05). The present results demonstrate that immobilization stress and needle electrode electrical stimulation are effective III the modulation of expression of OT in the PVN area under stress conditions.

정밀여과를 이용한 역삼투법 해수담수화 전처리 공정의 장기운전 특성

김수한,김충환,강석형,임재림 대한상하수도학회 2010 상하수도학회지 Vol.24 No.6

A pilot test was carried out to investigate the long term operation characteristics of Microfiltration (MF) system as a pretreatment for seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) processes for two years. A commercialized MF module with pressurized operation type was used to filter seawater to remove particles which can foul reverse osmosis (RO) membrane. Silt Density Index (SDI) values of filtered seawater by the MF system were ranged from 0.14 to 1.79, which meet the SDI standard for RO feed water as depicted in previous literatures. Although the tested seawater is quite clean (i.e., dissolved organic cabon (DOC) concentration and turbidity were about 1 mg/l and less than 1 NTU, respectively) enough not to foul the MF membrane, steep increase in trans-membrane pressure (TMP) with a constant flux were observed over a whole operation period. A set of operation and water analysis data implies that the steep increase in TMP was resulted from iron and maganese fouling by the combination of metal corrosion by seawater and oxidation state by aeration and residual chlorine.