통일준비 어떻게 되어 있나?

김성윤 ( Sung Yoon Kim ) 단국대학교 정책과학연구소 2012 정책과학연구 Vol.21 No.2

김정일의 사망과 북한의 경제난으로 북한정권의 붕괴시기에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 김정일과는 달리 급조된 김정은 체제는 그럭저럭 안정을 찾은 것처럼 보인다. 그러나 미래의 어느 시점에서 북한체제는 갑자기 붕괴할 수도 있다. 실제로 김정은 체제가 단기적인 난관을 극복 한다 해도 장기적으로 서서히 와해될 것으로 다수가 전망하고 있다. 이 때문에 통일은 현대를 살아가는 한국인들에게 주어진 가장 중요한 공공의제이다. 김정일이 사망하고 김정은으로의 3대 세습의 실패라는 북한 내부의 상황이 우리의 의도와는 달리 통일을 촉진시킬 수도 있기 때문이다. 이 같은 시대적 요청과는 달리 우리는 아직 통일 준비가 되어 있지 않다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기존의 통일준비 추진체계를 점검해 보고 통일을 위해 구체적으로 어떤 준비가 필요한지를 지적하였다. 그 중 국방통합, 사법통합, 농림어업통합 등 분야별통일 준비에 대한 점검 결과 거의 준비되어있지 않다는 결론을 얻었다. 이 같은 결론은 통일을 하겠다는 의지와는 달리 통일로 다가갈 수 있는 준비가 되어있지 않다는 것이며 아울러 통일이 될 경우 납북자나 국군포로, 이산가족 문제 등 분단의 아픔이 치유되고, 정치·사회·경제 등 모든 면에서 한 단계 더 발전 할 수 있으므로 통일준비를 서둘러야 된다고 지적했다. Interest on when the North Korean regime will collapse is increasing due to the death of Kim Jong-il and the economic difficulties of North Korea. The system under Kim Jong-un looks stabilize disappearance, but the system can collapse at some point. On top of that, a majority forecasts that the Kim Jong-un system will fall apart in the long run. Hence Korean unification is the most important public age for Korean people. Kim`s death and the failure of Kim Jong-un`s succession can accelerate the unification regardless of our intentions; However, we are not ready for the unification. In this study, the preparation system for Korean unification was inspected, and what to prepare in concrete was suggested. In conclusion ,the preparation for the unification is not so ready that we need to hurry the preparation for the unification in order to take as politics, society and economy as well as to cure the wound from the division of Korean peninsula.

Osteopontin in Kainic Acid-induced Microglial Reactions in the Rat Brain

김성윤,Yun-Sik Choi,최정선,차정호,OkNyu Kim,SangBok Lee,정진웅 한국분자세포생물학회 2002 Molecules and cells Vol.13 No.3

The present study was performed to investigate the spatial and temporal expression of osteopontin (OPN) mRNA in the rat brain after kainic acid-induced seizures, and to determine whether this phenomenon is associated spatiotemporally with the microglial reaction. The expression of OPN mRNA was detected using an in situ hybridization technique and Northern blot analysis. Following intraperitoneal injection of kainic acid (10 mg/kg), OPN mRNA was expressed in selective vulnerable areas, including the hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, and entorhinal cortex. Comparison of the morphology and localization with the established microglial marker OX-42 in the adjacent sections positively identified the OPNexpressed cells as microglia. Furthermore, double labeling experiments revealed that OPN mRNA expression was confined to ameboid-like cells among microglia stained with GSI-B4, an another microglial marker. These findings from a rat model of seizure support the notion that OPN can be synthesized in a subpopulation of reactive microglial cells. It can therefore be assumed that in the response of the brain to excitotoxic injury, synthesis of OPN occurs generally in a subset of activated microglia.

중추에서 혈압과 심박수 조절에 관여하는 후시상하부 콜린성 수용체의 일차적인 역할

김성윤,성기욱,고현철,이상복,Kim, Seong-Yun,Sung, Ki-Wug,Koh, Hyun-Chul,Lee, Sang-Bok 대한약리학회 1997 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.1 No.6

The purpose of the present study is to determine the role of muscarinic cholinergic receptors of posterior hypothalamus in the central blood pressure regulation when respiration is controlled. In anesthetized and artificially ventilated rats, vasodepressor response was evoked by injection of L-glutamate(10 nmol) neuroexcitatory amino acid into the posterior hypothalamic area. The injection of $carbachol(0.5{\sim}8\;nmol)$ into the same area induced dose-dependent vasodepressor and bradycardic responses. Pretreatment with atropine(4 nmol) completely blocked the vasodepressor response to carbachol(2 nmol). In contrast, in spontaneously breathing rats, the injection of carbachol(8 nmol) into the posterior hypothalamic area induced the vasopressor and tachycardic responses. These results suggest that the muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the posterior hypothalamic area primarily play an inhibitory role in the central regulation of blood pressure and heart rate.

운동기능과 정신장애 - 정신분열병을 중심으로 -

김성윤,김창윤,Kim, Seong-Yoon,Kim, Chang-Yoon 대한생물정신의학회 1997 생물정신의학 Vol.4 No.1

Many disorders in neuropsychiatric field demonstrate variable motor disturbances as their clinical feature or in their courses of illness and also due to psychopharmacological treatment. Although association of such motor disturbances with the pathophysiological aspect of various neuropsychiatric illness are still lacking, some form of motor disturbance offer a window through which pathophysiologic mechanism of such illnesses can be viewed. Cognitive control of motor functions are briefly reviewed in this article and the importance and method of motor function assessment in major neuropsychiatric disorders are also discussed. Motor dysfunction of major neuropsychiatric illness such as schizophrenia and mood disorders may offer a chance of a deeper understanding on the pathophysiologic aspect of their clinical presentation.

FTP CODE(International Code for Application of Fire Test Procedures)에서 규정한 선박의 격벽, 천정, 내장재 및 표면바닥재의 화재성능 평가방법

김성윤,Kim, Seong-Yun 한국화재보험협회 2008 방재기술 Vol. No.

반응가스의 변화에 따른 탄소나노월의 성장 및 저항 특성

김성윤,이상준,최원석,정연호,임동건,Kim, Sung Yun,Lee, Sangjoon,Choi, Won Seok,Joung, Yeun-Ho,Lim, Dong-Gun 한국전기전자재료학회 2014 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.27 No.4

Graphite electrodes are used for secondary batteries, fuel cells, and super capacitors. Research is underway to increase the reaction area of graphite electrodes. In this study, we have investigated the growth properties of carbon nanowall (CNW) according to the ingredient of gas. Microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MPECVD) system was used to grow CNW on Si substrate with a variety of the reaction gas. The planar and vertical growth conditions of the grown CNWs according to the ingredient of the gas were characterized by a field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The electrical characteristics of CNWs were analyzed using a 4-point probe.

기판 각도에 따른 탄소나노월의 성장 특성

김성윤,정연호,한재찬,최원석,Kim, Sung Yun,Joung, Yeun-Ho,Han, Jae Chan,Choi, Won Seok 한국전기전자재료학회 2013 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.26 No.9

The carbon nanowall (CNW) is a carbon-based nanomaterials and it was constructed with vertical structure graphenes and it has the highest surface density among carbon-based nanostructures. In this study, we have checked the growth properties of CNW according to the substrate angle. Microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system was used to grow CNW on Si substrate with methane ($CH_4$) and hydrogen ($H_2$) gases. And, we have changed the substrate angle from $0^{\circ}$ to $90^{\circ}$ in steps of $30^{\circ}$. The planar and vertical conditions of the grown CNWs according to the substrate angle were characterized by a field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). In case of the growth angle increases, our experimental results showed that the length of the CNW was shortened and the content of carbon component was decreased.

Cholinergic Mechanisms on Cardiovascular Regulation in the Ventrolateral Medulla of the Rat

김성윤,고택립,이상복,Kim, Seong-Yun,Koh, Taek-Lip,Lee, Sang-Bok The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1987 대한약리학잡지 Vol.23 No.2

혈압과 심박수의 중추조절에 대한 복외측 연수의 choline성 수용체의 역할을 규명하기 위하여 본 연구를 실시하였다. urethane으로 마취한 흰쥐에서 신경흥분성 아미노산인 L-glutamate(300 ng/site)를 복외측 연수에 미세주사하여 승압부위 (VLPA)와 감압부위 (VLDA)를 각각 기능적으로 확인하였다. VLPA와 VLDA에 각각 여러가지 choline성 약물들과 choline성 수용체의 길항제들을 양측으로 미세주사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 관찰하였다. 1. VLPA에 ca.bachol(300 ng/site)를 미세주사한 후 현저한 혈압상승 및 빈맥이 일어났으며, 이 반응은 hexamethonium ($4\;{\mu}g/site$)의 전처치에 의하여 차단되지 않았다. 2. VLPA에 physostigmine (200 ng/site)과 oxot.emo.me (300 ng/site)을 미세주사한 후 각각 현저한 혈압상승이 일어났다. 3. VLPA에 atropine($4\;{\mu}g/site$)을 미세주사한 후 현저한 혈압하강 및 서맥이 일어났다. 4. VLDA에 acetylcholine(500 ng/site)과 dimethylphenylpipe.azinium (500 ng/site)을 미세주사한 후 각각 현저한 혈압하강 및 서맥이 일어났다. 5. VLDA에 acetylcholine(500 ng/site)을 미세주사한 후 유발된 혈압하강 및 서맥반응은 hexamethonium($4\;{\mu}g/site$) 전처치에 의하여 차단되었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 흰쥐의 복외측 연수의 승압부위에서는 muscarine성 수용체를 통하여 혈압상승 및 빈맥반응이 일어나고 감압부위에서는 nicotine성 수용체를 통하여 혈압하강 및 서맥 반응이 일어나는 것으로 사료된다. This study was carried out to determine the role of cholinoceptors in the ventrolateral medulla on central control of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). In rats anesthetized with urethane and paralyzed, microinjections of the neuroexcitatory amino acid L-glutamate (300 ng/site) were performed to functionally identity the vasopressor area (VLPA) and the vasodepressor area (VLDA) in the ventrolateral medulla oblongata. 1. The bilateral microinjection of carbachol (300 ng/site) into the VLPA produced significantly an increase in BP and HR which was not blocked by bilateral pretreatment of hexamethoium ($4\;{\mu}g/site$). 2. The bilateral microinjection of physostigmine (200 ng/site) and oxotremorine (300 ng/site) into the VLPA produced significantly an increase in BP respectively. 3. The bilateral microinjection of atropine ($4\;{\mu}g/site$) into the VLPA produced significantly a decrease in BP and HR. 4. The bilateral micro injection of acetylcholine (500 ng/site) and dimethylphenylpiperazinium (500 ng/site) into the VLDA produced significantly a decrease in BP and HR respectively. 5. The depressor and bradycardiac responses elicited by the bilateral microinjection of acetylcholine (500 ng/site) into the VLDA were blocked by bilateral pretreatment of hexamethonium ($4\;{\mu}g/site$). The results suggest that the activation of cholinoceptors in VLPA produce hypertensive and tachycardiac responses which may be mediated by muscarinic receptors, and the activation of cholinoceptors in VLDA produce hypotensive and bradycardiac responses which may be mediated by nicotinic receptors.

Regional Differences in Enhanced Neurogenesis in the Dentate Gyrus of Adult Rats after Transient Forebrain Ischemia

김성윤,최윤식,이문용,성기욱,정성환,최정선,Hyun-Jung Park,Ok Nyu Kim,Sang Bok Lee 한국분자세포생물학회 2003 Molecules and cells Vol.16 No.2

BHT-C의 허혈성 뇌졸중 동물에서의 뇌부종 억제효과

김성윤,박용기,Kim, Sung-Yoon,Park, Yong-Ki 동국대학교 한의학연구소 2008 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.11 No.-

Objectives : BHT has been commonly used to treatment of brain disorders in Oriental clinic in Korea. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibitory effect of modified BHT-C extract on the transient forcal cerebral ischemia in rats. Method : We prepared ischemic rats by the transient middle cerebral artery occlution(MCAO; 90 min occlusion and 144 h reperfusion) in rat brains. BHT-C extract (100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered every day after the onset of MCAO until 6 day. Result : BHT-C extract increased survival rate of ischemic rats compared with vehicle-treated rats. BHT-C extract treated rats (100 and 200 mg/kg) were shown a significant reduction in infarct volume compared with vehicle-treated rats. Conclusions : These results suggest that BHT-C extract may contribute to its protective effects in brain ischemia through the reduction of brain infarction.