金相允

김상윤 釜山大學校 1994 국내석사

만난아제(β-mannanase)와 DDGS(distiller's dried grains with solubles)의 첨가가 에너지 수준에 따른 육계의 성장, 영양소 이용율과 면역반응에 미치는 영향

김상윤 강원대학교 2008 국내석사

이 실험은 사료 내 만난아제와 DDGS(Corn distillers dried grains with solubles)의 첨가가 다른 에너지 수준에서의 육계 육성능력과 영양소 이용률 및 면역반응에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 식물 세포벽의 구성 성분인 NSP(non-starch polysaccarides)는 Hemicellulose, Cellulose, Lignin으로 구성되며 Hemicellulose의 형태로 존재하는 만난은 주요 항 영양인자로 단위동물에서 글루코즈 흡수를 감소시키고 인슐린과 IGF-1의 분비를 저해하며 높은 점도를 유발시켜 영양소 소화율을 저하시키는 등의 에너지 이용을 떨어뜨린다. 따라서 만난을 분해하는 만난아제의 첨가로 에너지의 다른 두 수준에서의 육계 육성능력과 영양소 이용률 및 항체가와 분변 내 박테리아를 측정하여 면역반응을 측정하였다. 또한 옥수수와 대두박의 대체원료로 주목받고 있는 DDGS(Corn distillers dried grains with solubles)를 10% 첨가하여 대조구와 비교 분석하였다. 처리구는 옥수수와 대두박위주의 일반육계사료를 급여한 대조구와 만난아제(320IU)를 첨가한 실험구에 각각 2% Low TME, DDGS 10%첨가, DDGS 10%첨가에 2% Low TME, 무처리의 5처리 5반복으로 실험하여 ADG, ADFI, FCR, Fecal bacteria, Total IgG를 측정하였다. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of the DDGS(distiller's dried grains with solubles) and β-mannanase on the growth performance, nutrients utilizability and immune response in broiler fed either high or low energy diet. Exp. 1 was carried out to investigate the effects of β-mannanase supplementation into broiler diets with two levels of dietary TME. Three hundred 1-d-old Rossⓡ broilers were randomly allocated to 3 treatments, with 5 pens per treatment and 20 chicks per pen. Total feeding periods are 4 weeks. Two basal diets were prepared according to two phases(starter and grower) of broiler chicken. Three treatments can be symbolized as below according to both dietary TME levels and β-mannanase supplementation. Nutrient utilizability(DM, CP, EE, ASH, CHO and energy), average daily feed intake(ADFI), average daily growth(ADG) and feed conversion rate(FCR) data were measured to evaluate the performance of birds. To evaluate immunity response, the serum IgG level and population of pathogenic microorganism were analyzed just after feeding trial. There was no significant difference in ADG and ADFI during whole phases between control and β-mannanase supplemented groups. FCR of T2 and T3 during grower phase was improved(p<0.05) significantly when compared to control, but there was no significant differences considering whole phases. The energy utilizability of T2 was lowest(p<0.05), however other nutrient utilizability was not different(p>0.05) among treatments. Total IgG level of serum in broilers fed T2 and T3 was significantly higher(p<0.05) than that of control. β-mannanase supplementation significantly reduced(p<0.05) fecal microbial population(E.coli and salmonella) in broiler. The beneficial effect of β-mannanase supplementation on immunity of broilers could be explained by MOS(mannan-oligosaccharides) which came from degraded β-mannan by β-mannanase It is concluded that β-mannanase can improve utilizability of lower TME feed in broiler. As far as β-mannanase is supplemented, feeding low TME diet does not hurt the performance of broiler. In addition, there was a possibility that β-mannanase can be used as an immunostimulator in broiler. Exp. 2 was carried out to investigate the effects of both β-mannanase and DDGS(distiller's dried grains with solubles) incorporation into broiler diets with two different levels of TME. Three hundred 1-d-old Rossⓡ broilers were randomly allocated to 3 treatments, with 5 pens per treatment and 20 chicks per pen. Total feeding periods are 4 weeks. Two basal diets were prepared according to two phases(starter and grower) of broiler chicken. Three treatments can be symbolized as below according to both dietary TME levels and DDGS and β-mannanase simultaneous incorporation. ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) ADFI and FCR were not different among all treatment during whole phases. However, those of T2 and T3 was decreased significantly compared to control(p<0.05) considering only grower phase. ADG of T2 and T3 was decreased(p<0.05) significantly during grower phase, with the lowest ADG of T3 compared to control(p<0.05). CP utilizability of T2 was improved significantly compared to control, CHO utilizability T2 and T3 was lower(p<0.05) than control. T3 was the lowest in energy utilizability. There were no differences(p>0.05) in utilizabilities of DM, EE, ash among treatments. Total IgG level of serum in broiler fed T3 diet was significantly highest(p<0.05) compared to other treatments, with that of T2, which is was higher than control. Fecal microbial population(E.coli and salmonella) were not different among treatment in this trial(p<0.05). However, those of T2 and T3 were numerically lower than control. Therefore, it can be conducted that possible disadvantage due to substitution of 10% DDGS in broiler diets would be overcome through β-mannanase supplementation, although it is not effective as that much with 2% low TME diet. According to the results of two experiments, the β-mannanase is observed to be effective for improving feed availability in the broiler diet even in the 2% low TME energy diet. Incorporation of DDGS to broiler diet up to 10% level could be acceptable as far as the β-mannanase is supplemented with optimum TME diet.

상호저축은행의 효율성 및 생산성에 관한 연구

김상윤 조선대학교 일반대학원 2010 국내석사

This paper applies DEA model, DEA/WINDOW analysis, and Malmquist indices to the Mutual savings banks to measure the efficiency and productivity. Analysis Period after Korea's post-crisis from 2002 to 2009, dynamic analysis(DEA/WINDOW analysis and Malmquist Index) because of the consistency of the DMU was from 2007 to 2009. To investigate changes in the size of were separated more than 1 trillion won assets, listed Mutual savings banks, and medium-sized savings banks. The results of this study was shown as follws. First, the results of DEA model show that listed Mutual savings banks show the highest efficiency. More than 1 trillion won assets Savings banks that narrowly efficiency was lower than listed Mutual savings banks. In addition, the analysis of small savings banks during the period covered was the low efficiency. Second, the results of the analysis of DEA/WINDOW, Belong to a Small savings bank group, the change in the efficiency of the fluctuations was the most severe. More than 1 trillion won assets Savings banks and listed Mutual savings banks is that the overall effectiveness of the changes were stable. However, among 66 small savings banks almost 1 / 3 in 20 mutual savings banks were unstable. Third, Malmquist Productivity results were as follows. During the comparative period, an increase in productivity savings banks was only 22 of the total(101).

JPEG 영상에서의 위치 및 Edge정보를 이용한 블록화 현상 제거 기법에 관한 연구

김상윤 홍익대학교 1998 국내석사

다수 매니퓰레이터 시스템의 협동작업을 위한 제어시스템의 설계

김상윤 홍익대학교 1998 국내석사

치질 유발 동물에서의 Litchi semen의 치료 효과에 관한 연구

김상윤 창원대학교 2019 국내석사

초록 치질 유발 동물에서의 Litchi semen의 치료 효과에 관한 연구 김상윤 창원 대학교 대학원 보건의과학과 2017년 우리나라의 통계청의 질병으로 인한 사망관련 통계자료에 의하면 순환계통의 질환으로 인한 사망률이 전체 사망률의 21%이상으로 상당히 높은 비율을 차지하고 있다. 이러한 순환계통 질환의 원인은 약해진 혈관내피세포(vascular endothelial cell)의 기능 저하와 혈관기능장애이다. 혈관내피세포의 기능저하와 혈관기능장애로 인한 질병들 가운데 정맥류는 울혈 등으로 인한 혈액 순환 장애의 흔한 질병으로 발생 부위에 따라 하지정맥류, 식도 정맥류, 치질 등이 있다. 이러한 질병들의 치료제로써 기존의 합성의약품보다 독성이 적은 천연물의약품에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 천연물의약품 가운데 혈액 순환 장애의 치료제로 은행엽 추출액을 원료로 한 Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)는 연 20억불 이상의 매출액을 실현하고 있으며 혈액순환 개선제, 치질 치료제 등 500종 이상이 시판되어지고 있다. 하지만, GBE는 현재 국제 암 연구소(IARC)에 2016년부터 Group 2B(Possibly carcinogenic to humans)으로 등록되어있는 인체 발암가능물질로 GBE에 대한 대체 물질 및 안전성 평가가 지속적으로 이루어지고 있다. 천연물 의약품은 생약, 한약제제를 포함한 자연계에서 얻어지는 의약품으로 플라보노이드(flavonoid)의 식물유래 성분인 디오스민(diosmin)과 같은 물질이 있다. 이와 같은 물질을 찾아 순환계통 질환의 치료 및 예방을 목표로 하는 천연물의약품을 개발하고자 문헌 근거를 통해 산한지통, 행기산결에 효능이 있는 여지핵을 열수 추출하여 연구를 수행하였다. In vitro시험에는 세포독성시험으로 MTT assay를 수행하여 3T3 cell에 cell viability를 확인 하였다. In vivo시험에는 급성독성시험인 OECD TG420을 수행하여 물질 투여 후 실험동물의 사망 여부 및 독성증상을 확인 하였으며 또한 유효성시험으로 혈관내피세포 기능장애 중 혈관 확장 및 혈류정체의 개선 효과를 검증하기 위해 croton oil preparation(COP)을 실험동물에 처리한 실험동물을 통해 evans blue 혈장삼출농도 및 항문조직의 개선 정도를 측정하여 직장항문 계수를 산출하여 평가하였다. 여지핵은 열수 추출 후 동결건조하여 사용하였으며 수율은 약 2%였다. In vitro 세포독성시험에서 MTT assay를 통한 LSEL의 4가지 농도에서 3T3 cell의 LC₅₀ 값 3510㎍/㎖을 확인 하였으며 농도가 증가함에 따라 세포 생존율의 감소가 보였지만 최고 농도인 1000㎍/㎖에서 80%이상의 cell viability를 보여 세포 독성이 없는 것을 검증 하였다. In vivo 급성독성시험에서 시작 농도인 300㎎/㎏에서 모든 동물이 생존 하였고 독성증상이 보이지 않았으며 다음 농도인 2000㎎/㎏에서도 모든 동물이 생존 하였고 독성증상이 보이지 않았으므로 GHS Category 5로 분류하고 급성독성이 없는 것을 검증 하였다. In vivo 유효성시험에서 치료 및 개선 효과의 확인을 위해 COP에 의해 치질이 유발된 실험동물은 양성대조그룹에 비해 투여그룹에서의 evans blue 혈장삼출 농도가 약18%의 유의적인 감소를 보였으며 직장항문계수 또한 약28%의 유의적인 감소를 보여 LSEL의 치질 개선 효과를 검증하였다. 결론적으로 in vitro 세포독성시험에서 MTT assay를 통한 LSEL(1000㎎/㎏)의 3T3 cell에서 세포독성이 없는 것을 확인하였다. In vivo 급성독성시험을 통해 LSEL(300㎎/㎏, 2000㎎/㎏)이 Category 5로 분류되며 급성독성이 없는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, In vivo 유효성시험에서 치질모델에서의 치질 증상을 유의하게 개선시키는 것을 evans blue혈장 삼출 농도와 직장항문계수를 통해 LSEL의 치질 개선 효과를 확인하였다. Abstract Curative effect of Litchi semen on experimental hemorrhoids in rats Kim, sang-yun Dept, of Bio health science Graduate school of Changwon National University Vascular endothelial dysfunction and vascular dysfunction are the main causes of blood circulation disorder due to congestion. Varicose veins caused by functional impairment of vascular endothelial cells and blood congestion are include varicose veins, esophageal varices, and hemorrhoids depending on the site of development. Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE), which is a herbal medicine for blood circulation disorder are realize sales of over US $ 2 billion annually more than 500 kinds such as blood circulation improving medicine and hemorrhoid treatment medicine are sold on the market. However, GBE is currently being registered as a Group 2B(possibly carcinogenic to humans) in the International agency for research on cancer(IARC) and the development and safety evaluation of alternative substances has been continuously carried out. In order to develop a herbal medicine aiming at the treatment and prevention of circulatory system diseases, the test was conducted by Litchi semen which has the effect on get rid of the cold energy to relieve the pain and make to energy circulation to releasing blockages. For the in vitro test, cell viability of 3T3 cells was confirmed by MTT assay. For the in vivo test, an acute toxicity study (OECD TG420) was performed to determine the mortality and toxicity of experimental animals after administration of the substance. In addition, examine the effect of vascular endothelial cell of dysfunction improvement on vascular dilation and blood flow congestion, an experimental animal treated with croton oil preparation was used to measure evans blue plasma exudation level and improvement of recto-anal tissue coefficient evaluated. In cytotoxicity test, the LC₅₀ value of 3T3 cell was found to be 3510㎍/㎖ at 4 concentrations of Litchi semen extract lyophilization(LSEL). In acute toxicity test, all animals survived at the starting concentration of 300㎎/㎏ and no toxic symptoms were observed. Also all animals survived at the next concentration of 2000㎎/㎏ and no toxic symptoms were observed. And classified as GHS ‘Category 5’ and verified that there is no acute toxicity. In effectiveness test, the experimental animals in which the hemorrhoids were induced by the croton oil preparation evaluate treated group compared to the positive control group. In treated group significantly reduced the evans blue plasma exudation of about 15% and, there was a significant decrease in recto-anal coefficient by 28%. In conclusion, in cytotoxicity test, LSEL(1000㎎/㎏) through MTT assay was not cytotoxic in 3T3 cell. In acute toxicity study, LSEL was classified as ‘Category 5.’ In addition, in effectiveness test, LSEL verified the significant improvement of hemorrhoidal symptoms in the animal model by reducing evans blue plasma exudation concentration and rectal anal coefficient.

Flexible Calcium Carbonate를 이용한 종이의 평활도 개선 연구

김상윤 忠南大學校 大學院 2022 국내석사

The flexible calcium carbonate(FCC) was prepared by attaching calcium carbonate to the cellulose nanofibrils(CNFs) by in-situ calcium carbonate formation method with the ratio of 1:40 by weight(CNFs : calcium carbonate). FCC containing papers gave higher bulk, stiffness, and tensile index simutaneously than GCC(ground calcium carbonate) containing ones. However, there were speculations that calendering on FCC containing paper might cause a large drop of bulk and no increase of smoothness due to the size of FCC(width dia. 20μm) when compared to that of the GCC(dia. 2μm). The calendering experiment demonstrated that FCC containing paper responded to the calendering. Furthermore, FCC containing paper may need less calendering pressure to match with the smoothness of the GCC containing paper, and ther should be rooms to improve mechanical properties further.

기능성 생물소재 생산을 위한 미생물의 분자생물학 및 분자생리학적 연구 : Molecular biological and molecular physiological studies for the production of functional biological-materials from microorganisms

김상윤 상지대학교 일반대학원 2010 국내박사

Industrial microbiology is associated with the commercial exploitation of microorganisms. Generally, wild-type strains are unsuitable for industrial application because of the low yield of metabolites obtained. Therefore, random mutagenesis or chemical mutagenesis is used to create mutant microorganisms that produce an increased yield of the metabolite. These kinds of approaches have been successfully used for developing several industrial fermentation strains. However, they also have the serious problem of accumulation of uncharacterized secondary mutations that negatively affect the performance of organisms with a powerful potential for metabolite production. Thus, such scientific approaches would involve the use of recombinant DNA technology and a better understanding of cellular physiology in order to specifically modify the metabolic pathway of interest. Metabolic engineering involves directed improvement of cellular properties through modification of specific biochemical reactions or introduction of new genes by using recombinant DNA technology, with the goal of overproduction of a particular metabolite. Currently, several high-value/value-added products are manufactured using industrial processes involving microorganisms that have been constructed using metabolic engineering. Metabolic engineering requires a basic understanding of the biochemical pathways and identification of the genes and enzymes involved in synthesis of the required metabolite. Therefore, in this thesis, section Ⅰ is focused on the biochemical and genetic analyses of the gum gene cluster in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae by using a defined set of mutants related to xanthan production; this section has been entitled “Mutational analysis of the gum gene cluster required for xanthan biosynthesis in X. oryzae”. In section Ⅱ entitled “Relationship between glucose catabolism and xanthan production in X. oryzae”, I have focused on metabolic engineering for xanthan biosynthesis performed by modulating the activities of enzymes involved in central carbon metabolism in X. oryzae. Xanthan has been widely accepted commercially, with an annual worldwide production of 30,000 tons that corresponds to a market value of $408 million. Xanthan has high viscosity at low concentrations, little change in viscosity at varying temperatures, and excellent stability over a wide pH range. It also provides good freeze-thaw stability and shows remarkable suspension characteristics. It is used as a stabilizer, emulsifier, thickener, suspending agent, and bodying agent in food products and in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications. Several studies have concluded that mutant strains are not necessary to increase xanthan yield because the efficiency of synthetic production of xanthan can be increased and a high conversion rate of carbon sources into the product can be achieved by improving the fermentor and process design and by changing the composition of the medium and the media feeding strategy. However, a method for increasing xanthan production by using metabolic engineering will be more successful in the long term. Finally, in section Ⅲ, which have been entitled “Identification of differentially expressed genes in Flammulina velutipes with anti-tyrosinase activity”, I aimed to screen the genes possibly involved in the biosynthesis of bioactive materials directly associated with its whitening effect by examining differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in F. velutipes. Tyrosinase plays an important role in the formation of melanin pigments during melanogenesis. Melanin production is mainly responsible for skin color and plays an important role in the prevention of sun-induced skin injury. Various types of tyrosinase inhibitors are widely used in the worldwide cosmetic industry as skin whitening agents. The most widely used agents, such as kojic acid, arbutin, and hydroquinone, have failed to show clinical efficacy; therefore, it is important to develop a new clinically active tyrosinase inhibitor. Recently, it has been found that fruiting bodies of Flammulina velutipes exert anti-tyrosinase activity by producing a triacylglycerol (TAG) characterized as LnLLn, which can be further developed as a natural source of anti-browning agents for food products or skin whitening agents in cosmetics. These molecular biological and molecular physiological studies could help in the production of functional biological-materials using microorganisms.

중학교 국어 지식 영역의 교수·학습 방법 연구 : 탐구학습과 협동학습의 혼합 모형을 중심으로

김상윤 인천대학교 교육대학원 2010 국내석사

제 7차 교육 과정은 학습자의 ‘창의적 국어 사용 능력 향상’을 국어 교육의 궁극적 목표로 설정하고 있다. 국어 사용 능력의 향상을 위해서 교사가 단순히 전달하는 교육 활동이 아니라 학습자가 국어 사용 현상에 대한 탐구 활동을 함으로써 학습자가 지식 생산 경험을 가지게 하고, 학습한 지식이 실제의 국어 사용 상황에서 활용되어야 한다는 점도 강조하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 제 7차 교육 과정이 제시하고 있는 국어 지식 영역에 대한 다양한 교수·학습 방법 중에서도 탐구학습과 협동학습에 주목하였다. 탐구학습은 경험 과정을 통하여 의미를 찾아내기 위해 학습자 스스로 문제를 해결해 나가는 학습 방법이다. 이는 학습자 중심의 자기 주도적 학습을 강조하는 교육 과정의 기본 방향과 부합하는 것이다. 협동학습은 소집단 학습의 한 형태로 집단에 공동의 목표를 부여하여 동료 간의 협동적인 활동을 강조하는 학습 방식이나 소집단의 구성원들이 공동으로 노력하여 주어진 학습 과제나 학습 목표에 도달하는 수업 방법을 의미한다. 협동학습은 집단 내 학습자의 적극적인 협동 활동과 집단 간 경쟁과 보상을 통해, 흥미를 일으키기 어려운 단원인 국어 지식 영역의 학습에 매우 효과적인 방법이 될 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이 두 모형을 자연스럽게 상호 연계한 혼합 모형을 국어 지식 영역의 교수·학습에 적용시켜, 보다 흥미 있고 자발적으로 학습할 수 있는 방법을 제시해 보고자 하였다. 또한 실제 국어 지식 영역의 교수·학습에 적용시킬 수 있는 방법을 고안하고, 이를 중학교 3학년 생활국어 교과서 단원에 적용시킴으로써 모형의 실제성을 높이도록 하는 데 목적을 두었다. 1장 서론에서는 문헌 연구를 통해 탐구학습과 협동학습에 대한 이론적 고찰을 하고자 하였다. 탐구학습과 협동학습의 개념과 특징 등을 살펴보고 국어 지식 영역에서의 적용 가능성과 그 효과를 고찰하고자 하였다. 2장에서는 현재 중학교 학생을 대상으로 설문 조사를 통해 교육 현장에서 탐구학습 및 협동학습에 대한 경험의 유무, 모둠 활동의 장점, 단점, 선호도 등에 대한 내용을 중심으로 사전 실태 조사를 하였다. 또한, 학생들이 국어 지식 영역을 어렵게 생각하는 원인을 분석하여 흥미를 가지고 수업에 참여할 수 있는 방법을 모색하고자 하였다. 이러한 이론적 고찰과 사전 실태 조사를 바탕으로, 적용 가능한 탐구학습과 협동학습 모형을 고안하였으며 이를 중학교 3학년 생활 국어 교과서 국어 지식 영역 단원에 적용하였다. 즉, 중학교 3학년 학생을 대상으로 실험 집단과 통제 집단을 선정한 후 2장에서 제시한 모형을 적용시켜 구체적 교수·학습 지도안 계획에 따라 실험 수업을 전개하였다. 실험 수업을 전개한 뒤의 연구 결과를 인지적, 정의적 영역에서 그 효과를 분석해 보고자 하였다. 3장에서는 본 연구의 의의 및 제한점을 중심으로 마무리 하였다. The final purpose of the seventh National Curriculum is to help students improve the ability to use the Korean language creatively. Also it stresses that, in the education of the knowledge students need to know, the method should not just carry the knowledge to students but help students have experiences of generating knowledge through activities of exploring the phenomena of the use of the Korean language and be able to use the learned knowledge in real situations. This study, therefore, focused on exploring study and cooperative learning out of a variety of teaching and learning methods in the area of the Korean language. Exploring study is the way by which students solve the problems for themselves to fing out meaning from experiences. This corresponds to the fundamental approach of the curriculum emphasizing the student-centered and self-initiative learning. And Cooperative learning, a kind of small-grouped learning, means the way to emphasize the cooperative activities among peers by giving the same objective to each group or to involve student in trying to attain the given learning tasks or learning objectives cooperatively in small groups. The cooperative learning that help students have interests in learning through active cooperative activities, competition among groups and reward can be the effective way in Korean knowledge education in which teachers usually have difficulties in arousing students' interests. Therefore, this study suggested the method through which students can learn the knowledge of the Korean language with more interests and for themselves by applying the naturally mixed model of these two learning ways. Also, it tried to devise the method that can be applied to real classes for teaching and learning the knowledge of the Korean language and to enhance the practicability of the model by applying it to the unit included in the course for the third grade students. "Use of The Korean language in real lives'". In Chapter 1, exploring study and cooperative learning are theoretically investigated through the study of related literatures. That is, the concepts and figures of these methods are studied, and their feasibilities and effects in the knowledge education of the Korean language are also considered. And, the pre-condition was investigated through questionnaires concentrated on students' experience, the preference, and the advantages and disadvantages of cooperative learning and exploring study in groups. Based on the research, the way how students can participate in class with interests is discussed by analyzing the reason why students feel the knowledge area of the Korean language is difficult. Based on the theoretical considerations and the result of the questionnaires, the feasible model using cooperative learning and exploring study was devised. In Chapter 2, according to the specific teaching-learning plan to apply the model suggested in Chapter2 to experimental and controlled groups selected out of the third grade students the experimental class is developed. And,, the result of the experiment is analyzed, focused on the effect in the cognitive and affective domain, and, in Chapter 3, the result of this study is concluded, focus on its meaning and limitations. The result is the following : First, in terms of achievement of learning, its degree in the experimental group that cooperative learning and exploring study were applied was meaningly higher compared to its degree in the controlled group. The significance level between the experimental group that both cooperative learning and exploring study were applied and controlled group that those were not applied was 0.05. Particularly, considering the average score of the experimental group(71.37) and the controlled group(65.99) in the post-test, the teaching and learning method suggested in this study were proved to be effective for improvement of achievement degree in learning the knowledge of the Korean language. Second, in terms of the affective attitude of the knowledge of the Korean language, as a whole the experimental group shows more positive changes, compared to the controlled group. This presents that the cooperative learning through reward and competition can give students positive affects for learning the Korean language as a subject and the attitude of the knowledge of the Korean language. Generally, this lesson was planned as the model to make students participate in classes appropriate to their level, so it helped students be involved more actively in the student-centered class, have interests through reward and competition and change attitude of the subject positively. This study deals only with the part out of the area of the Korean language knowledge, so it seems to lack the objectivity with regard to the verification of the effect of the teaching and learning method using cooperative learning and exploring study. However, this study if meaningful in that it corresponds to the fundamental approach of the seventh National Curriculum and devised the method of the teaching and learning the knowledge of the Korean Language to improve teaching methods in middle school. Further studies on cooperative learning and exploring studies in the knowledge of the Korean language and specific and real development of the teaching and learning method are required in the future.

정보시스템 재난복구센터의 업무연속성체계에 관한 연구

김상윤 한양대학교 대학원 2005 국내석사