A Study on the Game Immersion and Emotional Evaluation through Eye Tracking

김명영,김재민,손지형,이원형 (사)한국컴퓨터게임학회 2019 한국컴퓨터게임학회논문지 Vol.32 No.4

Since the concept of emotional engineering has emerged, there has been a movement in the game industry to develop games based on emotional tendencies. The game has been shifted from the traditional game that seeks competition and victory to the stimulation of human emotion. Therefore, a system called emotional evaluation was applied at the development stage before the game is released. The emotion evaluation system is an evaluation method that can verify the usability of the game interface, system, and the player's emotional desire. However, there is a disadvantage that the evaluation method of the item selection method is dependent on the subjectivity of the evaluator. There is also a problem that the evaluator's answer may change depending on whether or not the game is fully immersed. In particular, games are more affected by immersion than other media contents. Immersion is difficult to measure because it is difficult to quantify through numbers. Therefore, in this study, we propose a method to increase the reliability of emotional evaluation by measuring the player's immersion using eye tracking technology and then conducting emotional evaluation.

흉벽에 발생한 점액섬유육종

김명영,김한용,유병하,황상원 대한흉부외과학회 2010 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.43 No.6

점액섬유육종은 장년의 환자에서 가장 흔한 연조직 종양중 하나로 주로 사지에서 발생하며, 흉벽에서는 드물게 발생한다. 53세 여자 환자가 흉골(manubrium)에 통증을 동반한 흉벽종괴를 주소로 내원하여, 종양적출술을 받았다. 종괴는 근육층까지 침범한 피하층 종양으로 조직검사상 점액성 변화와세포의 고충실성을 보이는 중등급의 점액섬유육종으로 진단되었다. 드문 질환으로 알려진 흉벽의 점액섬유육종을 치험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Myxofibrosarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue tumors in elderly patients, mostly arising in the extremities,and rarely arising in the chest wall. A 53-year-old women presented with a painful chest wall mass in the manubrium. We excised the mass. The mass was located subdermally, but had infiltrated the underlying muscle layer, and was histologically diagnosed as an intermediate grade myxofibrosarcoma showing myxoid changes and hypercellularity. Here we report a rare case of chest wall myxofibrosarcoma and present a review of the literature.

MONOLITHIC 集積回路의 製造工程에 關하여

金明寧 大田工業專門學校 1978 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

A Study on Auto Play Model using DNN Model of Parallel Structure in Turn Based RPG

김명영,김재민,황인태,이원형 (사)한국컴퓨터게임학회 2019 한국컴퓨터게임학회논문지 Vol.32 No.3

AI shows performance on behalf of people in various fields. In games, AI is used in many ways. It is used in fields such as NPC (Non Player Character) production, game difficulty, and content creation. However, the AI used in the game shows excellent performance and is researched to beat people. When a good AI model exists in a game, increasing the difficulty of the game, the player may lose interest in the game. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop artificial intelligence that supports people, not confrontation with people. Currently, there is an auto play system for games in the mobile market. In games, this system is not efficient because it uses a random method. Therefore, in this paper, we build an efficient auto play system using parallel DNN model. The newly constructed model and the existing random number model are compared through the game.

JAVA library를 이용한 Game Production Process

김명영 ( Myoungyoung Kim ),이강만 ( Gangman Yi ) 한국정보처리학회 2016 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.23 No.1

현재 게임을 제작할 수 있는 다양한 Tool들이 존재한다. 하지만 제한된 Tool을 이용하여 제작된 게임은 프로그래밍 언어로 제작된 게임과 비교 시 다양한 방법의 구현 및 게임의 퀄리티 향상에 어려움이 있다. 따라서 본 문에서는 프로그래밍 언어 중 JAVA Library를 이용한 게임을 제작하여 그 필요성에 대하여 서술하였다.

아이트래킹 기술을 이용한 게이머의 몰입도 및 감성 평가에 관한 연구

김명영(Myoung-Young Kim),김재민(Jae-Min Kim),이원형(Won-Hyung Lee) 대한전자공학회 2020 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.8

Since the concept of emotional engineering has emerged, there has been a movement in the game industry to develop games based on emotional tendencies. The game has been shifted from the traditional game that seeks competition and victory to the stimulation of human emotion. Therefore, a system called emotional evaluation was applied at the development stage before the game is released. The emotion evaluation system is an evaluation method that can verify the usability of the game interface, system, and the player"s emotional desire. However, there is a disadvantage that the evaluation method of the item selection method is dependent on the subjectivity of the evaluator. There is also a problem that the evaluator"s answer may change depending on whether or not the game is fully immersed. In particular, games are more affected by immersion than other media contents. Immersion is difficult to measure because it is difficult to quantify through numbers. Therefore, in this study, we propose a method to increase the reliability of emotional evaluation by measuring the player"s immersion using eye tracking technology and then conducting emotional evaluation.

늑골골절 환자 치료: 결과에 영향을 주는 위험인자 분석

김한용,김명영 대한흉부외과학회 2010 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.43 No.3

배경: 흉부외상은 개발도상국인 나라에서 이환율과 사망률의 가장 많은 원인 중에 하나이다. 흉부둔상으로 발생하는 늑골골절은 외상의 중증도를 나타내는 중요한 지표이다. 연구의 목적은 늑골 골절을 치료시 이환율과 사망률을 확인 하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2002년 5월부터 2008년 12월까지 입원 후 3일 이내 타 병원으로 전원을 간 환자를 제외한 둔상으로 인한 늑골골절이 발생한 환자를 대상으로 후향적으로 연구하였다. 이 기간 동안 474명이 입원하였고, 454명이 연구에 포함되었다. 남자가 356명 여자가 9명이었고 평균나이는 53세(5∼90세)였다. 결과를 예측하는 요소로 손상기전, 늑골 골절수, 중환자실 입원기간 그리고 ISS, 입원기간, 폐 합병증과 사망률을 조사 하였다. 결과: 외상의 기전으로 교통사고 189명(41.7%), 보행 중 넘어짐 103명(22.7%), 추락 85명(18.7%) 그리고 농기계 사고 30명(6.6%), 산업재해 32명(7.0%), 폭행 15명(3.3%)였다. 흉부내 손상으로 혈흉 269명(59.3%), 기흉 144명(31.7%) 폐좌상 95명(20.9%) 그리고 피하기종 29명(6.4%), 큰 혈관손상 5명(0.1%)이 있었다. 대부분의 환자는 보존적인 치료를 하였고, 흉관 삽관술 시행은 234명(51.5%)이었으며, 개흉술은 18명(4.0%)이었다. 평균 흉관삽관 기간은 5.2±6.2일이었다. 대부분의 환자는 일반 병동에서 치료를 하였으며, 평균 입원기간은 22.5±20일이었다. 평균 ISS 수치는 14.8±10.9 (3∼75)였고 사망률은 4.9% (22명)였다. 입원기간에 영향을 주는 것은 늑골골절 수, 흉관삽관 기간, 폐질환 동반 그리고 산재보험 이었고, 사망에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 폐좌상, ISS가 예후에 영향을 주는 주요한 요인이었다. 결론: 늑골 골절은 중증손상을 나타내는 지표이다. 합병증과 동반된 손상 때문에 늑골골절 환자들은 입원하여 치료하는 것이 좋다고 생각한다. 최근의 연구에서 40대 이하의 젊은 환자도 노년층의 환자와 같이 늑골골절로 인한 이환율과 사망률이 증가 한다고 한다. 우리의 연구에서는 ISS와 페좌상이 사망률에 영향을 주고 있다. 늑골골절이 1개 또는 이상인 늑골 골절만 있는 환자도 입원치료를 하는 것이 좋을 것으로 생각 한다. Background: Thoracic trauma is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. A rib fracture that is secondary to blunt thoracic trauma is an important indicator of the severity of the trauma. The purpose of study was to determine the morbidity and mortality rates and the management of rib fractures. Material and Method: We performed a retrospective study that involved all the blunt trauma patients with rib fractures, excluding those that were transferred to other hospital within 3 days, that were seen at our hospital between May 2002 and December 2008. Of the 474 admitted patients, 454 met the inclusion criteria. There were 356 male and 98 females, and their overall mean age was 53 years (range: 5∼90 years). The outcome parameters included the mechanism of injury, the number of fractured ribs, the length of stay in the ICU, the Injury Severity Score (ISS), the length of the hospital stay, the pulmonary complications and the mortality. Result: The mechanism of trauma included traffic accidents in 189 (41.7%) cases, slipping down in 103 (22.7%) cases, falls in 85 (18.7%) cases, cultivator accidents in 30 (6.6%) cases, industrial accidents in 32 (7.0%) cases and assault in 15 (3.3%) cases. Intrathoracic injury was noted such as hemothorax in 269 (59.3%) cases, pneumothorax in 144 (31.7%) cases, pulmonary contusion in 95 (20.9%) cases, subcutaneous emphysema in 29 (6.4%) cases and great vessel injury in 5 (0.1%) cases. Conservative treatment was administered to most of the patients. Tube thoracostomy was administered in 234 (51.5%) cases, whereas thoracotomy was performed in 18 (4.0%) cases. The mean duration of thoracostomy was 5.2±6.2 days. Most of the cases with rib fracture were treated in wards and their mean duration of hospital stay was 22.5±20 days. The mean Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 14.8±10.9 (range: 3∼75). The mortality rate was calculated to be 4.8% (n=22). The main factors correlated with an adverse outcome were the number of ribs fractured, the duration of thoracostomy and pulmonary disease. Industrial insurance affected the length of hospitalization. Pulmonary contusion and the Injury Severity Score (ISS) affected the mortality. Conclusion: Rib fractures are a indicator of severe injury. Because of the complication and associated injuries, we believe these patients should be admitted for evaluation and treatment. Recent studies on the impact of rib fractures after blunt trauma have shown that patients as young as 40 years of age demonstrate increased morbidity and mortality with similar injuries as compared to that of older patients. The ISS and pulmonary contusion influenced the mortality rate. Patients with isolated rib fractures should be hospitalized if the number of fractured ribs is one or more.

Leaflet Fracture and Embolization of a CarboMedics Prosthetic Mitral Valve: Case Report

김태연,김명영 대한흉부외과학회 2021 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.54 No.5

Fracture of prosthetic valve leaflets in the absence of traumatic injury is very rare. Leaf- let fracture can cause acute pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock and is potentially life-threatening, requiring emergency surgery. Thus, a leaflet fracture must be diagnosed quickly and accurately. We present the case of a 46-year-old man with CarboMedics pros- thetic aortic and mitral valve replacements implanted 24 years previously. The patient presented at our emergency department with abrupt dyspnea and fever. We diagnosed severe mitral valve regurgitation with anterior leaflet fracture. The patient underwent ve- noarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and delayed mitral valve replacement. The foreign body was removed step by step because the diagnosis was missed. Two pieces of broken leaflets were found in the left common iliac artery and left external iliac artery. The patient was treated successfully and remains asymptomatic 1 year following surgery.

Implementation of Melody Playback Method through Image Classification and Stroke Analysis

김재민,김명영,황인태,이원형 (사)한국컴퓨터게임학회 2019 한국컴퓨터게임학회논문지 Vol.32 No.1

In this study, we devised a application that generates and reproduces music by analyzing images received from a user. It was aimed not only to capture the technical meaning of auditioning images, but also to express emotions and intentions in user's images. In the proposed application, a user draws a picture of a desired object. The application uses artificial intelligence to determine which object an image is. After that, the emotions that can be connected with each objects. The application determines the key that matches the mood through the emotion associated with the object. After setting a key suitable for the emotion, the user's stroke order is analyzed, and the melody is composed based on the extracted user’s stroke data. In the future, research on arts such as painting and music will be continued as well as implementing auditory expression of images. Based on this, we will present the direction to embody the artistic and intention in the image into music. It will also be a meaningful attempt as a direction of combination between engineering fields such as artificial intelligence for recognizing pictures and art fields such as picture analysis, and music production.

하대정맥에 발생한 평활근육종 −1예 보고−

박재홍,김명영,황상원,김한용,유병하 대한흉부외과학회 2009 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.42 No.2

하대정맥에 생기는 평활근육종은 매우 드문 악성종양이다. 평활근육에서 기원하는 종양은 대정맥의 가장 흔한 원발성 종양이며, 하대정맥이 가장 흔히 발생하는 곳이다. 환자는 65세의 여자 환자로 입원 3주전부터 시작된 호흡곤란과 복부 불쾌감을 호소하여 내원 하였다. 복부 전산화 단층촬영과 하대정맥 조영술에서 우심방에서 우측 신정맥 위까지 확장된 하대정맥 종양이 보였으며, 또한 하대정맥을 폐쇄시키고 있었다. 하대정맥의 평활근육종으로 진단 후 수술은 종양을 제거하고, 하대정맥을 인조혈관 패치를 이용하여 재건하였다. 수술 후 6개월 간의 추적 관찰 중에 실시한 복부 전산화 단층촬영에서 재발과 하대정맥의 폐쇄소견은 없었다. Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare malignant tumor. Yet tumors of a smooth muscle origin are the most common primary neoplasms of the major veins, and the inferior vena cava is the most common site of origin. We report here on a 65-year-old female patient who had been suffering from dyspnea and abdominal discomfort for 3 weeks before admission. The abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan and IVC cavogram showed an IVC mass extending from the right atrium to above the level of the right renal vein, obstructing the IVC, and the radiological findings were suggestive of an IVC leiomyosarcoma. We resected the tumor and reconstructed the IVC with a patch PTFE graft. The follow-up abdominal CT revealed no recurrence and obstruction of the IVC for 6 months after the operation.