딥러닝 기반 특허의 종속 청구항 인식 개선

박주연 ( Ju-yeon Park ),신예지 ( Yeji Shin ),김민수 ( Minsu Kim ),김동호 ( Dongho Kim ),김지희 ( Jihie Kim ) 한국정보처리학회 2020 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.27 No.1

특허를 통해 기술의 권리를 정의하고 보호하는 일이 매우 중요해짐에 따라 특허 문서를 분석하는 연구 또한 중요해지고 있다. 특히 특허의 청구항을 종속항과 독립항을 구분하고, 관련된 인용을 찾아내는 일은 관련 특허들을 분석하는데 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 최근 텍스트 분석 분야에 획기적 성능 개선을 이끈 BERT(Bidirectional Encoder Representations From Transformers) 언어 모델을 사용하고 Neural Network 의 파인 튜닝 과정을 통해 청구항의 독립과 종속을 구분하였고, 인용하는 항의 번호와 인용 문구로 이루어진 인용 패턴을 통해 종속항의 인용 항을 찾아내었다. 이 방법을 2003 년 이후의 xml 형식의 미국 특허 데이터에 사용한 결과, 정확도 99% 의 성능을 확보하였다.

One-sided Readings of Numbers in Modal Sentences

곽은주 한국영어영문학회 2011 영어 영문학 Vol.57 No.3

Numbers have been regarded as one-sided, and their exactly readings have been understood as the results of scalar implicature. This Neo-Gricean view on numbers becomes less persuasive due to theoretical and experimental counterarguments. In spite of growing evidence for theirtwo-sided readings, numbers are still one-sided in modal sentences. Moreover, the occurrence of a negative operator may worsen the acceptability of modal sentences with numbers. In the framework of Vector Space Semantics, I have derived two-sided readings of numbers with the simple notions of monotonicity of modals and scopal relations between modals and numbers. I have also argued that the awkwardness incurred by negation is the result of a split set of vectors for a number. The incoherent set of vectors is understood as the lack of an ideal behavior, which is against the deontic modality of the sentence.

간호대학생의 우울에 학업스트레스와 상향비교가 미치는 영향

곽은주,고지운,박승미 한국간호과학회 2022 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10

학생 관점의 교양교육 인식, 요구와 만족, 그리고 선택요인 분석

곽은주,정지언 한국교양교육학회 2022 교양교육연구 Vol.16 No.6

This study aimed to analyze the perception, needs, satisfaction, and course selection factors of general education from the students’point of view to derive implications for the reorganization and operation of the liberal arts curriculum. To this end, basic statistical analysis, difference analysis to identify student characteristics, and IPA analysis and Borich analysis to identify needs, were conducted on the response results of 1,454 students at a private university in Busan. The results are as follows: First, regarding the role and meaning of general education, students responded that general education plays a role in enhancing interest among students in subjects other than those of their major, nurturing human beings with character, and promoting a new understanding of their major subjects. The results of this response were significantly different according to gender and class. What is noteworthy is that there was little difference in the students' perceptions of the main purpose of general education, which is universal intelligence education, and the instrumental role of general education, which is a supplement to major education. Second, students' needs for the domain of general education were high in those practical domain fields that are directly related to employment, like career exploration and certification courses, and the associated domains for employment, like foreign languages and IT utilization fields. In the operation of the curriculum, there was a high demand for subject development reflecting the changing of the times and the latest trends, the expansion of student choice through the opening of various subjects, and appropriate class difficulty. Third, overall satisfaction with general education was above average, and there were statistically meaningful differences by gender, grade, and field. In terms of general education operations, it has been shown that expanding the range of student selection through the opening of subjects in various areas, opening subjects reflecting the changing of the times and the latest trends, using appropriate textbooks and learning materials, and the instructors' expertise have a significant impact on student satisfaction. Fourth, it was found that students consider the convenience and learning expectations first when choosing liberal arts subjects. Among the convenience factors, priority is given to classes that require no team projects, and subjects with little or no assignments are preferred. When it comes to learning expectations, subjects of interest and interesting subject names are given priority. There were differences in subject selection tendencies according to gender, grade, and the college itself. Based on the above research results, four implications were derived and presented from the perspective of the organization, operation, and instructional strategies of the liberal arts curriculum. 본 연구는 교양교육과정 개편과 운영에 대한 시사점 도출을 위해 학생 관점의 교양교육 인식, 요구와 만족, 그리고 선택요인을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 부산 소재 A 사립대학 재학생 1,454명의 설문 응답 결과에 대해 기초통계 분석, 학생 특성별 특징 확인을 위한 차이 분석, 요구도 파악을 위한 IPA 분석과 Borich 분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교양교육의 역할과 의미와 관련해 학생들은 교양교육은 전공 분야 외 다른 분야에 관한 관심을 제고하고, 인격을 갖춘 인간을 양성하며, 전공과목에 대한 새로운 이해를 증진하는 역할을 한다고 응답했으며, 이 응답의 결과는 성별과 계열에 따라 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 특이하다고 할 만한 점은 보편적 지성 교육이라는 교양교육의 본령과 전공교육의 보완이라는 교양교육의 도구적 역할에 대한인식에서 차이가 거의 없었다는 점이다. 둘째, 교양교육의 영역과 교육과정 운영에 대한 학생들의 요구를 확인한 결과, 교양교육 영역의 경우 인문학, 사회과학, 자연과학 등 교양교육 고유 영역보다 취업과 직접 관련된 실용 분야, 외국어나 IT 활용 영역과 같이 취업을 위해 필요한 능력과 관련된 영역에 대한 요구가 높았다. 교육과정 운영에 있어서는 시대적 변화와 최신 경향을 반영한 교과 개발, 다양한 교과 개설을 통한 학생 선택의 폭 확대, 적절한 수업 난이도에 대한 요구가 높았다. 셋째, 교양교육에 대한 전반적 만족도는 보통 이상으로 만족도는 성별, 학년, 계열에서 유의미한 차이가 났다. 여학생, 1학년, 미래융합대학 학생들의 교양만족도가 상대적으로 높았다. 교양교육 운영의 측면에서는 다양한 영역의 교과 개설을 통한 학생 선택의 폭 확대, 시대적 변화 및 최신 경향을 반영한교과 개설, 적절한 교재와 학습자료의 사용, 교수자의 수업 전문성 확보 등이 교양 만족도에 유의미한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 교양교과 선택 시 학생들은 편의성과 학습 기대를 먼저 고려하는 것으로 나타났다. 편의성 중에서도 팀 프로젝트가 없고 과제가 없거나 적은 과목을 선호하며, 학습 기대는 평소 관심 있는 주제와 흥미로운 교과목명을 우선 고려한다. 교과 선택의 경향성에도 성별, 학년, 단과대학별 경향성을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 연구 결과를 바탕으로 교양 교육과정의 편성, 운영, 그리고 수업운영의 관점에서 네 가지의 시사점을 도출하여 제시했다.

수술 후 강화폐활량계 활용을 통한 고객만족도 향상

곽은주 한국의료QA학회 2009 가을학술대회 Vol.2009 No.2

국악서적의 번역 현황과 문제 분석

곽은주,박정원,김세정 한국통역번역학회 2015 통역과 번역 Vol.17 No.3

The purpose of this study is to understand the current situation of Korean traditional music translation and propose possible ways to enhance the quantitative and qualitative level of translation. The status quo of translated texts in this field shows that there are several problems in translating Korean traditional music, i.e, the lack of specialized knowledge in traditional culture, professional translators, and standardization of expressions. To overcome these problems, three ways are proposed in this study. First, academic programs should be set up to produce professional translators with expert knowledge in Korean traditional music. Second, a special effort needs to be put into terminology standardization. Third, government funding needs to be increased to produce high-quality translated texts.

탈색모발에 콜드 펌 시술 시 케라틴 전처리 적용이 모발 손상 개선에 미치는 효과

곽은주,이재남 대한미용학회 2022 대한미용학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Hair bleaching and permanent wave (perm) have been popular as methods for making women look more beautiful. However, repeated chemical treatments result in hair damage. Therefore, this study attempted to examine the effects of keratin pretreatment on damaged hair before performing a cysteamine cold perm on bleached hair. Hair was divided into three groups: DKC (no keratin pretreatment applied), DKC1(50% keratin pretreatment applied), and DKC2 (100% keratin pretreatment applied). Analysis of the collected data was based on hair gloss, tensile strength, wave formation efficiency, methylene blue absorbance, hair thickness measurement (FE-SEM), and cuticle thickness measurement (FE-SEM); the results were as follows: In the DKC1 and DKC2 groups, hair gloss, tensile strength, and hair thickness (top, bottom) showed a statistically significant increase while methylene blue absorbance was significantly decreased, demonstrating damaged hair-repairing effects. On the contrary, wave formation efficiency decreased in the DKC1 and DKC2 groups, however an elastic wave was formed. In sum, it would be reasonable to conclude that keratin pretreatment is helpful in repairing damaged hair with hair protection effects.

The Distributivity of Collections Terms in Korean

곽은주 언어번역연구소 2010 Journal of Language & Translation Vol.11 No.2

Interpretations of Negative Degree Sentences and Questions

곽은주 한국영어영문학회 2010 영어 영문학 Vol.56 No.6

The interpretations of degree expressions require the postulation of new entities to represent degrees. Diverse entities such as degrees, intervals,and vectors are adopted for degree expressions. Positive degree sentences and questions are properly construed with the introduction of these entities,but their negative counterparts need more consideration. Negative degree sentences show dual patterns of entailments depending on contexts, and negative degree questions are unacceptable, making weak islands. To explicate the distinct nature of negative degree sentences and questions,Fox & Hackl (2006) provide an analysis based on degrees while Abrusán & Spector (2010) suggest a proposal in interval readings of degree expressions. I have pointed out the theoretical problems of these analyses and proposed an alternative in the framework of the vector space semantics,following Winter (2005). Bi-directional scales in vector space fit well with the dual patterns of negative degree sentences, and the notion of a reference vector is useful to accommodate the contextual influence in negative degree sentences and to deal with the unacceptability of negative degree questions.

Typological Accounts for Nominal Forms

곽은주 세종대학교 언어연구소 2012 Journal of Universal Language Vol.13 No.1

Various linguistic phenomena may serve a basis for the classification of languages and nominal forms make part of the criteria for the classification. In this study, two major approaches are closely compared for language typology based on nominal forms. Chierchia (1998a, b) assumes that morpho-syntactic features should be crucial in determining the denotations and grammatical categories of NPs. He suggests three classificatory categories with the notion of nominal mapping parameters. Contrastingly, the OT analysis of de Swart & Zwarts (2009, 2010) do not assume that morpho-syntactic features should be collapsed with countability and plurality. They propose several general constraints governing nominal forms and argue that different ordering of the constraints in optimality accounts for different nominal forms rosslinguistically. I have shown that the OT analysis provides an appropriate framework to categorize languages systematically.