저주파대 音響顯微鏡의 構成에 관한 硏究

고대식 慶熙大學校 1987 국내석사

요부안정화운동에 따른 산업체 만성요통환자의 운동능력 및 통증의 변화

고대식 조선대학교 2007 국내석사

This study was conducted on 18 people from K-company rehabilitation center who were suffering from chronic low back pain, and randomly divided into 9 people of the lumbar stabilization exercise group of the stable ground and the rest of 9 people of the lumbar stabilization exercise group of the unstable ground and the lumbar stabilization exercise was done 5 times a week, for 6weeks to find out how the lumbar stabilization exercise on the ground-conditional difference can interact with the industrial workers' pains and their exercise capacity. And the muscle strength, the endurance, the flexibility, and balancing ability were measured for the time; before the exercise, after 3 weeks and after 6 weeks by using NURYTEC company measuring apparatus and the pain levels were revaluated in the same measurement method with visual analogue scale(VAS). In the muscle strength measuring test according to the lumbar stabilization exercise, the muscle strength of the two groups increased steadily for the time; before the exercise to after 3 weeks and after 6 weeks, however as a result of the repeated measured ANOVA they showed no significant difference (p>.05). In the endurance measuring test according to the lumbar stabilization exercise, both groups showed the increased endurance for the time; before the exercise, after 3weeks and after 6weeks however there was no significant difference as a result of the repeated measured ANOVA(p>.05). In the flexibility measuring test according to the lumbar stabilization exercise, the two groups flexibility gradually increased for the time; before the exercise, after 3 weeks and after 6 weeks but there was statistically no significant difference as a result of the repeated measured ANOVA(p>.05) and in the balance ability measuring test according to the lumbar stabilization exercise, the balance ability of the two groups improved gradually and as a result of the repeated measured ANOVA, there were significant differences statistically between the periods and between the groups (p<.05), in the pain level measuring test according to the lumbar stabilization exercise, the pain of the both groups were relieved gradually for the periods; before the exercise, after 3 weeks and after 6 weeks, as a result of the repeated measured ANOVA, there were significant differences in the statistics between the change of the pains for the two groups in the state of the revised time consequences(p<.05). As a result, chronic low back pain of the industrial workers are not only the pain related to muscular functions such as muscle strength, endurance or flexibility but the industrial low back pain is also affected by the leaned muscular balance followed by the body balance decrease and in conclusion, the lumbar stabilization exercise on the unstable ground increases more balance capacity than on the stable ground so that it reduces the load of the muscles around the spine. Based on this conclusion, besides the industrial workers suffering from chronic low back pain, the constant researches on various people from various environments are necessary later on.

병원성 extended-spectrum ß-lactamase 생성 대장균 균혈증의 위험인자

고대식 가천의과학대학교 대학원 2011 국내석사

목적 가천의과대 길병원에서 발생한 병원성 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)생성 대장균 균혈증의 위험인자를 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 본 연구는 후향적 연구로서 가천의과대 길병원에 2004년 1월부터 2007년 12월까지 입원한 18세 이상의 환자들을 대상으로 하였다. 환자-대조군 연구를 시행 하였으며 환자군은 가천의과대 길병원에 3일 이상 입원한 후 ESBL 생성 대장균 균혈증이 발생한 환자들이며 대조군은 동일기간 내에 입원한 환자들 중 환자군을 제외하고 1 : 3의 비율로 무작위로 선출하였다. 환자들의 의무기록을 분석하여 나이, 성별, 기저질환, 위험노출시간, 중환자실 입원기간, 수술력, 의료기구, 항생제 사용유무, Charlson 동반이환 척도, 패혈성 쇽/심각한 패혈증, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score를 조사하였다. 위험인자를 파악하기 위해 단변량 분석, 다변량 분석을 하였다. 결과 연구 기간 동안 환자군은 55명이었다. 최종 모델에서 carbapenem (OR, 11.3; 95% CI, 1.1-115.9; P = 0.041), quinolone (OR, 4.5; 95% CI, 1.1-18.8; P = 0.042), 담도 폐쇄성 질환(OR, 11.8; 95% CI, 3.0-46.7; P < 0.001), APACHE II score (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.2-1.5; P < 0.001)가 ESBL생성 대장균에 의한 균혈증에 독립으로 영향을 주는 인자였다. 결론 가천의과대 길병원에서 ESBL 생성 대장균에 의한 병원성 균혈증의 위험인자는 quinolone과 carbapenem계 항생제의 사용, 담도 폐쇄성 질환, APACHE II score였다. Objective We investigated the risk factors for nosocomial bacteremia of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli in the Gil hospital of Gachon University of Medicine and Science. Materials and methods A case-control study with retrospective recruitment was carried out. The case patients included all patients with nosocomial bacteremia due to ESBL producing E. coli that occurred during the period from January 2004 through December 2007. The control patients included randomly chosen patients who had been admitted to same period. Variable data collected were age, gender, underlying diseases, risk exposure duration, duration of intensive care unit stay, history of operation, devices, use of antimicrobial agents, Charlson comorbidity index, the presence of severe sepsis or septic shock, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score. Results In total, there were 55 cases and 165 patients in control group. The following variables were independently associated with nosocomial bacteremia of ESBL producing E. coli: carbapenem (OR, 11.3; 95% CI, 1.1-115.9; P = 0.041), quinolone (OR, 4.5; 95% CI, 1.1-18.8; P = 0.042), biliary obstructive disease (OR, 11.8; 95% CI, 3.0-46.7; P < 0.001), APACHE II score (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.2-1.5; P < 0.001). Conclusion The independent risk factors for nosocomial bacteremia of ESBL producing E. coli were carbapenem, quinolone, biliary obstructive disease, and APACHE II score.

낙상위험 여성노인의 요부안정화운동이 장애물 보행에 대한 운동역학적 효과 분석

고대식 조선대학교 대학원 2013 국내박사

This study was performed to identify the kinetic and kinematic effects of the lumbar stabilization exercise on obstacle gait (5.2cm, 15.2cm) among elderly women with risk of fall. The study subjects were 32 women aged 65 years old and over with risk of fall identified by Tinetti test, who registered from senior citizen centers in 2 districts of G metropolitan city. They were randomly allocated into 2 groups; experimental group and control group. The lumbar stabilization exercise program was given to the experimental group for 12 weeks. The chi-square test and t-test were used to test homogeneity and to compare baseline results of kinetic and kinematic measurements on obstacle gait between experimental group and control group. To identify the effects of lumbar stabilization exercise program among study subjects, repeated measure of analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS 18.0 and for all tests of statistical significance, p<0.05 was used. For kinematic effects, knee angle of the leading limb significantly increased at 5.2cm obstacle gait, and crossing velocity and knee angles of the trailing limb and the leading limb at 15.2cm obstacle gait significantly increased, while foot clearance of the trailing limb and the leading limb significantly decreased. For kinetic effects, there were statistically significantly decreased in the ground reaction force (GRF) of Z axis of the leading limb significantly increased, Y axis in the trailing limb, the GRF of X axis of the leading limb, ankle moment and the loading rate of the trailing limb with 5.2 cm obstacle gate. With 15.2cm obstacle gait, the GRF of Z axis in both limbs, knee moment of the trailing limb and ankle moment of the leading limb significantly increased, while there were significantly decrease in the GRF of Y axis in both limbs, GRF of X axis and the ankle moment in the trailing limb, the loading rate of the leading limb, and muscular activities of gastrocnemius muscle of the trailing limb and rectus femoris of the leading limb. In conclusion, the lumbar stabilization exercise program might be effective method on elderly women to improve the physical balances by recovering the function of back muscles which contribute to their postural control.

Small aperture形 超音波顯微鏡 시스템의 構成 및 性能解析

고대식 慶熙大學校 1991 국내박사

男子 高校 運動選手들의 學習自我槪念, 學習態度 및 學習習慣에 대한 調査硏究

고대식 江原大學校 1996 국내석사

樹齡別 잣나무 揷穗內 含有物質의 時期的 變化

고대식 全北大學校 1976 국내박사

男子 高校 運營選手들의 學習自我槪念, 學習態度 및 學習習慣에 대한 調査硏究

고대식 강원대학교 1996 국내석사

투석을 위한 동정맥루 협착에서 혈관 평활근세포 증식의 핵심조절인자로서 Osteopontin 기능 규명

고대식 가천대학교 대학원 2023 국내박사

서론: 자가 동정맥루(arteriovenous fistulas, AVF)의 유지관리의 발전에도 불구하고, 개통률은 차선책으로 남아있다. 대부분의 AVF는 유출부정맥협착(outflow vein stenosis)으로 인해 실패하지만, AVF 협착의 기본 메커니즘은 여전히 불분명하다. 본 연구에서는 AVF 유출부 협착과 관련된 주요 요인을 식별하는 것을 목표로 했다. 방법: 유전자 발현 옴니버스(GEO) 데이터베이스로부터 3개의 데이터세트(GSE39488, GSE97377 및GSE116268)를 선별하여 AVF의 유출부정맥에 대한 유전자 발현 프로파일링 데이터를 수집하고 공통적으로 차등발현되는 유전자(DEGs)를 선별 분석했다. 그런 다음 대동정맥(aortocaval) 마우스 모델 및 환자로부터 수집한 AVF의 유출부정맥협착에서 공통적인 차등발현유전자(DEG)를 분석 평가했다. 또한 야생형(WT) 마우스와 오스테오폰틴(osteopontin, Opn) 녹아웃(KO) 마우스의 하대정맥(IVC)에서 혈관 평활근세포(VSMC)를 분리하고 혈소판유래성장인자(PDGF)로 자극 후 VSMC의 증식을 평가했다. 결과: OPN은 3개의 데이터세트 모두에서 유일하게 공통적으로 상향 조정된 DEG였다. OPN은 대동정맥 마우스 모델에서 AVF 유출부정맥의 내층(medial layer)에서 발현되며 VSMC 마커(α-평활근 액틴, α-SMA)와 함께 염색되었다. OPN 발현은 AVF 수술 중 획득한 수술 전 정맥과 비교하여 혈액투석을 받는 환자의 AVF 유출부정맥협착의 VSMC에서 현저하게 증가한다. PDGF-유도 VSMC 증식은 WT 마우스의 IVC에서 분리된 VSMC에서 유의하게 증가하지만 Opn-KO 마우스의 IVC에서 분리된 VSMC에서는 증가하지 않았다. 결론: OPN은 AVF 유출부정맥에서 VSMC 증식에 관여하는 핵심 유전자이며 AVF 개통률을 개선하기 위한 표적치료에 도움이 될 수 있다. Despite advances in the maintenance of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs), the patency rates remain suboptimal. Most AVFs fail owing to outflow vein stenosis; however, the underlying mechanism of AVF stenosis remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to identify key factors associated with AVF outflow stenosis. We obtained gene expression profiling data for the outflow vein of AVF from three Gene Expression Omnibus database datasets (GSE39488, GSE97377, and GSE116268) and analyzed the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We then evaluated a common DEG in an aortocaval mouse model and the stenotic outflow veins of AVFs collected from patients. Furthermore, we isolated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from the inferior vena cava (IVC) of wild-type (WT) and osteopontin (Opn) knockout (KO) mice and assessed the proliferation of VSMCs following stimulation with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). OPN was the only common upregulated DEG across all three datasets. OPN is expressed in the medial layer of the outflow vein of AVF in aortocaval mouse models and co-stained with the VSMC marker (α-smooth muscle actin). OPN expression is markedly increased in VSMCs of stenotic outflow veins of AVF from patients under hemodialysis compared with presurgical veins acquired during AVF formation surgery. PDGF-induced VSMC proliferation is significantly increased in VSMCs isolated from IVC of WT mice but not in VSMCs isolated from IVC of Opn-KO mice. OPN may be a key gene involved in VSMC proliferation in AVF outflow veins and a therapeutic target to improve the AVF patency rate.