부위별 흰색 느티만가닥버섯 추출물의 항산화 활성

김수철(Su Cheol Kim),권현숙(Hyun Sook Kwon),김철환(Chul Hwan Kim),김혜수(Hye Soo Kim),이창윤(Chang Yun Lee),조수정(Soo Jeong Cho) 한국생명과학회 2016 생명과학회지 Vol.26 No.8

본 연구에서는 천연물 유래 항산화 소재로서 흰색 느티만가닥버섯(Hypsizygus marmoreus)의 부위별 이용 가능성을 알아보기 위하여 흰색 느티만가닥버섯을 갓(pileus)과 대(stipe)로 분리하여 열수와 80% 에탄올에 침지한 다음 부위별 항산화 활성을 조사하였다. 흰색 느티만가닥버섯은 에탄올 추출물(갓 부위 923.47±0.18 mg GAE/100g, 대 부위 324.05±0.03 mg GAE/100 g)에 비해 열수 추출물(갓 부위 1137.39±0.38 mg GAE/100 g, 대 부위 700.86±0.06 mg GAE/100 g)의 총 폴리페놀 함량이 높게 나타났고 대 부위보다는 갓 부위의 총 폴리페놀 함량이 높게 나타났다. DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성은 10 mg/ml의 농도에서 에탄올 추출물 갓 부위의 활성이 47.32±0.23%로 가장 높았으며 ABTS 라디칼 소거 활성도 10 mg/ml의 농도에서 에탄올 추출물 갓 부위의 활성이 57.33±0.10%로 가장 높았다. 환원력과 ORAC 지수는 에탄올 추출물에 비해 열수 추출물이 높게 나타났고 환원력은 갓 부위와 대 부위에 큰 차이가 없었으나 ORAC 지수는 대 부위보다는 갓 부위가 높게 나타났다. 흰색 느티만가닥버섯 추출물의 세포 독성은 WST-1 assay를 이용하여 추출물이 RAW 264.7 세포에 미치는 영향으로 평가하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면, 흰색 느티만가닥버섯의 총 폴리페놀 함량과 항산화 활성은 추출물의 농도가 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며 대 부위보다는 갓 부위의 항산화 활성이 우수하였다. Hypsizygus marmoreus (white cultivar), also called white beech mushrooms, are edible mushrooms commercially cultivated in Korea and Japan. This study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant properties of H. marmoreus. H. marmoreus fruit bodies were divided into pileus and stipe. The pileus and stipe were extracted into water and 80% ethanol and their antioxidant activities were analyzed. The total polyphenol content was highest in the water extract (pileus 1137.39±0.38 mg of GAE (gallic acid equivalents)/100 g, stipe 700.86±0.06 mg of GAE/100 g) compared to the ethanol extract (pileus 923.47±0.18 mg of GAE/ 100 g, stipe 324.05±0.03 mg of GAE/100 g). Ethanol extracts from pileus showed better scavenging ability on DPPH (47.32±0.23% at 10 mg/ml) and ABTS (57.33±0.10% at 10 mg/ml) than the stipe and water extract groups. Water extract from pileus were more effective in reducing power and ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) value than stipe and ethanol extract. The toxicity of water and ethanol extracts was investigated using WST-1 (Water Soluble Tetrazolium salt) assay on the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Overall, total polyphenol content and antioxidant activities of extracts from H. marmoreus increased in a dose dependent manner while pileus was showed better total polyphenol content and antioxidant activities than stipe.

표고버섯의 채취 시기 및 부위별 영양성분 함량 비교

박홍주,이성현,백오현,조수묵,조용식 한국지역사회생활과학회 2004 한국지역사회생활과학회지 Vol.15 No.4

Many studies have showen that Letinus edodes have a reducing effects on blood pressure and lipid levels in animals with high blood pressure and hyperlipidemia. But the only cap has been on the market as goods and the stipe has been wasted. The price is very variable and is based on harvest time and the part of the plant currenty, there is not much information about the nutritional composition and bio-fuctional effects of Letinus edodes based on harvest time and part. Some farmers have been selling the powder seasoning by drying and pulverizing Letinus edodes including stipe to develop value added, late harvested Letinus edodes and its stipe these days. This study was conducted to investigate and compare the nutritional composition of Letinus edodes harvested at different times (early: E, late: L) and separated by part (cap: C, stipe: S). The 4 kinds of materials were named as early harvested cap (EC) and stipe (ES), and late harvested cap (LC) and stipe (LS) samples were obtained from Mungyeong City Agricultural Technology & Extension Center. The composition analysis of the nutrients in the 4 materials was conducted by using the AOAC method. The proximate components (moisture, protein, fat, fiber, ash, and carbohydrates), minerals and vitamin content were measured. Nutritional composition of Lentinus edodes did not show any significant difference between early and late harvested mushrooms. Nutritional compositions were different according to part. The results demonstrate that the late harvested stipe can also be used as a quality food material.

갈색 느티만가닥버섯 추출물의 부위별 항산화 활성

박민정,유찬열,조수정,Park, Min Jeong,Yu, Chan Yeol,Cho, Soo Jeong 한국버섯학회 2021 한국버섯학회지 Vol.19 No.4

본 연구에서는 기능성 식의약품 소재로써 갈색 느티만가닥버섯(Hypsizygus marmoreus)의 이용 가능성을 조사하기 위해 갈색 느티만가닥버섯의 부위별, 추출 용매별 항산화 활성을 조사하였다. 열수 추출물 갓과 대의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 17.15±0.19 mg GAE/g과 7.37±0.16 mg GAE/g이었으며 에탄올 추출물 갓과 대의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 각각 10.23±0.14 mg GAE/g과 3.76.±0.19 mg GAE/g으로 에탄올 추출물에 비해 열수 추출물의 폴리페놀 함량이 높게 나타났고 대에 비해 갓의 폴리페놀 함량이 높게 나타났다. 또한 갈색 느티만가닥버섯 추출물의 DPPH, ABTS, ORAC 지수, 환원력도 10 mg/ml의 농도에서 에탄올 추출물에 비해 열수 추출물에서 높게 나타났고 대에 비해 갓에서 높게 나타났으며 흰색 느티만가닥버섯에 비해 갈색 느티만가닥버섯의 총 폴리페놀 함량, DPPH, ORAC 지수, 환원력이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 추출물의 세포독성은 WST-1 assay (4-[3-(4-iodophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio]-1,3-benzene disulphonate)를 이용하여 열수 추출물의 처리 농도에 따른 대식세포주 RAW 264.7의 세포 생존율로 확인하였으며 갈색 느티만가닥버섯 열수 추출물 처리구에서 대식세포주 RAW 264.7의 세포 생존율이 증가하였기 때문에 세포독성은 없는 것으로 판단된다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면, 느티만가닥버섯은 품종에 따라 항산화 활성에 차이가 있고, 갈색 느티만가닥버섯은 다른 버섯보다 항산화 활성이 높기 때문에 기능성 식의약품 소재로서 이용 가능성이 있다고 판단된다. This study was carried out to evaluate potential of Hypsizygus marmoreus (brown cultivar) as a functional food and drug materials. H. marmoreus were divided into pileus and stipe and extracted in hot water and 80% ethanol. The total polyphenol content was highest in the hot water extracts (pileus 17.15±0.19 mg of GAE g, stipe 7.37±0.16 mg of GAE/g) and pileus compared to the ethanol extracts (pileus 10.23±0.14 mg of GAE/g, stipe 3.76.±0.19 mg of GAE/g) and stipe. Also, hot water extracts of pileus from H. marmoreus (brown cultivar) was more effective DPPH, ABTS, ORAC value, reducing power than ethanol extracts and stipe extracts. The pileus and stipe extracts were confirmed to be non-cytotoxic in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 determined by WST-1 (4-[3-(4-iodophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio]-1,3-benzene disulphonate) assay. Overall, extracts of H. marmoreus (brown cultivar) was higher antioxidant activity than other mushrooms, and no cytotoxicity. Therefore, H. marmoreus (brown cultivar) showed potential as a functional food and drug materials. The brown cultivar of H. marmoreus have higher antioxidant activity than white cultivar, H. marmoreus seem to have different antioxidant activity depending on the cultivar.

꽃송이버섯 기부 발효물 첨가 사료가 장어의 면역반응에 미치는 영향

김은주(Eun-Ju Kim),서승호(Seung-Ho Seo),박성은(Seong-Eun Park),강민수(Min-Soo Kang),손홍석(Hong-Seok Son) 한국식품영양과학회 2017 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.46 No.10

본 연구에서는 폐기되고 있는 꽃송이버섯 기부 발효에 적합한 균주 선발을 위해 Lactobacillus plantarum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus subtilis를 활용하여 발효를 진행하였으며, 생균수 실험 결과 L. plantarum이 발효 48시간에 1.486의 흡광도를 보여 빠른 발효속도와 생육능을 보였다. 총 페놀 함량은 L. plantarum과 S. cerevisiae를 활용하여 발효한 실험구에서 301.68 ppm, 299.35 ppm으로 발효전보다 높은 함량을 보였으며, B. subtilis 발효 실험구는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성은 L. plantarum이 63.9%로 가장 우수한 항산화 활성을 보여 L. plantarum을 이용하여 꽃송이버섯 기부를 발효한 후 장어에 사료 첨가제로 급이하였다. 6주간 장어의 폐사는 대조구에서 60마리로 가장 많은 폐사를 보였으며, 꽃송이버섯 기부 추출물이 24마리로 가장 적은 폐사를 보였다. 장어 혈청의 lysozyme 용균 활성 및 E. coli 살균능은 꽃송이버섯 기부 추출물과 발효물 모두 대조구에 비해 높은 활성을 보였다. This study examined the immune response of Philippines eel (Anguilla bicolor) to the oral administration of fermented Sparassis crispa stipe extract for 6 weeks. The S. crispa extract fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum showed a higher total phenol content (301.68 ppm) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (63.9%) than those fermented with other strains. Therefore, L. plantarum was selected as a suitable starter culture for the fermentation of S. crispa stipe. The eels were fed a commercial diet supplemented with 1% of fermented S. crispa stipe extract for 6 weeks. The mortality rate of the eels fed the supplemented diet was significantly lower than those of the control after 6 weeks. The lysozyme activity of the serum was increased significantly (12.33 → 54.66 units) after 6 weeks in the eel fed supplemented diets of fermented S. crispa stipe. The serum of the eel fed the supplemented diet of the S. crispa stipe extract showed higher bactericidal activity. These results suggest that both the S. crispa stipe extract and fermented S. crispa stipe have strong potential to activate the innate immune response of the Philippines eel.

꽃송이버섯 기부의 성분분석 및 면역활성

서승호(Seung-Ho Seo),박성은(Seong-Eun Park),문양선(Yang-Seon Moon),이유미(Yu-Mi Lee),나창수(Chang-Su Na),손홍석(Hong-Seok Son) 한국식품과학회 2016 한국식품과학회지 Vol.48 No.5

본 연구에서는 꽃송이버섯 자실체와 기부의 항산화 활성, 베타글루칸 함량 및 면역 활성을 비교하였다. DPPH 라디컬제거능 실험결과 꽃송이버섯 기부의 항산화 활성이 자실체에 비해 약 2.3배 높은 활성을 보였다. 건조 중량 기준 꽃송이버섯 추출물의 베타글루칸 함량 또한 기부가 23.7 g/100 g로 자실체의 함량 13.8g/100 g보다 유의하게 높은 것으로 측정되었다. 면역 저하에 대한 꽃송이버섯 추출물의 투여는 TNF-α, IL-2, IL-10, IgE 함량에서 유의미한 결과를 도출하였지만, 자실체와 기부의 효과는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 혈액 내의 백혈구 함량 및 비장의 무게는 꽃송이버섯 자실체보다 꽃송이버섯 기부 추출물을 경구 투여한 실험군에서 효과적이었다. This study was carried out to investigate the component and immunoregulatory effects of Sparassis crispa stipe. Herein, S. crispa was divided into the pileus and stipe to compare their ingredients (β-glucan), antioxidant activity (in vitro), and the immunoregulatory function (cytokines, leukocytes, and spleen weight). The β-glucan content in each part showed about 1.8 times higher content in the stipe than that in the pileus. The stipe also showed a higher total phenol content and antioxidant activity than the pileus. The cytokines TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-10 have adjusted in the S. crispa extract-injected groups. In addition, the number of leukocytes was also significantly elevated in the rats administered with the S. crispa stipe extract. These results suggest that the stipe of S. crispa has great potential as an ingredient in functional foods.

Arsenic in an As-contaminated Abandoned Mine was Mobilized from Fern-rhizobium to Frond-bacteria via the ars Gene

Chang, Jin-Soo,Lee, Se-Yong,Kim, Kyoung-Woong 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.5

The mobilization of arsenic from fern-rhizobium to frond-bacteria in As-contaminated abandoned mine environments was found to be induced by the ars gene. Uncultured Acinetobacter sp. strain MRI67 (DQ539027) and uncultured Buttiaxella sp. strain MRI-65 (DQ539024) were identified in the root/rhizosphere based on the presence of the ars gene. The arsenite-oxidizing bacterial strains isolated in this study were found to grow in the presence of 14 mM sodium arsenite ($NaAsO_2$). In addition, the concentration of arsenic in five grams of Deparia lobatocrenata As-8 (EU476190) obtained from the Myoungbong abandoned mine area was 8,900 mg/kg ${\pm}$ 56.9, whereas the arsenic concentrations in the frond-rhizoplane of Pseudomonas putida GIST-MRP44-1 (EF623836), the root-rhizoplane of Acinetobacter sp. GIST-MRO62 (EF623849), and the stipe-rhizoplane of P. putida GIST-MRO63 (EF623850) were 41.9 mg/kg ${\pm}$ 1.0 (1 g of tissue), 32.9 mg/kg ${\pm}$ 0.9 (1 g of tissue), and 17.9 mg/kg ${\pm}$ 1.4 (1 g of tissue), respectively. Taken together, these findings suggest that the newly isolated indigenous fern-rhizobium, stipe-bacteria, and frond-bacteria may provide a better understanding of arsenic mobility in the field of molecular geomicrobiology and that it can be applied to the phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated mines.

Stipe Length as an Indicator of Reproductive Maturity in the Kelp Ecklonia cava

김상일,윤석현,오현주,최선경,강윤희,김태훈,이혁제,최광식,박상률 한국해양과학기술원 2018 Ocean science journal Vol.53 No.3

We conducted testing to determine whether stipe length is a useful indicator of reproductive maturity in the kelp Ecklonia cava, a species that plays a pivotal role in ecosystem functioning and services in subtidal areas. Approximately 100 sporophytes with stipes of various lengths were collected during the fertile period (July–November, 2013). We investigated the relationships between stipe length and other morphological characteristics to determine whether stipe length could indicate the age of reproductive maturity. Primary blade length, longest blade length, thallus height, and total length showed significant relationships with stipe length. The length of the primary and longest blades gradually declined as stipe length increased above 125 mm. Zoosporangial sori were found on the blades of more than 70% of individuals with stipes longer than 125 mm, but on only 8% of individuals with stipes less than 125 mm long. Stipe length therefore seems to be an acceptable proxy for reproductive maturity. Another factor to consider, however, is that all specimens with zoosporangial sori, regardless of stipe length, had a dry weight of 80 g or more; thus, individual biomass may also be an important parameter influencing the initiation of reproduction.

GC–MS based metabolomics study of fermented stipe of Sparassis crispa

서승호,박성은,김은주,손홍석 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.4

GC–MS coupled with multivariate statistical analysis was performed to understand metabolites difference between pileus and stipe of Sparassis crispa (cauliflower mushroom). Metabolic changes of S. crispa after fermentation by different microorganisms were also investigated. PCA score plot showed a clear separation between pileus and stipe of S. crispa regardless of fermentation. However, OPLS-DA score plot showed clear separation among fermented S. crispa samples according to microbial strain used, indicating that both pileus and stipe fermented with the same strain showed similar pattern of metabolites. Fructose, lactic acid, citric acid, malic acid, and phosphoric acid were metabolites that contributed to the discrimination of fermented S. crispa samples. Results of this study provide novel insights into intrinsic characteristics of stipe of S. crispa which is cheaper than pileus as ingredient for alternative functional food.

Identification and Expression Patterns of fvexpl1, an Expansin-Like Protein-Encoding Gene, Suggest an Auxiliary Role in the Stipe Morphogenesis of Flammulina velutipes

( Qianhui Huang ),( Xing Han ),( Irum Mukhtar ),( Lingling Gao ),( Rongmei Huang ),( Liping Fu ),( Junjie Yan ),( Yongxin Tao ),( Bingzhi Chen ),( Baogui Xie ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.4

Expansins are cell wall proteins that mediate cell wall loosening and promote specific tissue and organ morphogenesis in plants and in some microorganisms. Unlike plant expansins, the biological functions of fungal expansin-like proteins have rarely been discussed. In the present study, an expansin-like protein-encoding fvexpl1 gene, was identified from Flammulina velutipes by using local BLAST. It consisted of five exons with a total length of 822 bp. The deduced protein FVEXPL1 contained 274 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass and isoelectric point of 28,589 Da and pH 4.93, respectively. The first 19 amino acids from the N terminal are the signal peptide. Phylogenetic analysis and multiple protein alignment indicated FVEXPL1 was an expansin-like protein. The expression level of fvexpl1 gene in the stipe was significantly higher than that in the mycelia, primordia, and cap. However, the expression level of fvexpl1 gene was significantly higher in the fast elongation region of the stipe as compared with the slow elongation region. Expression analysis indicated that fvexpl1 gene might have an auxiliary role in the stipe morphogenesis of F. velutipes.

Biosorption of Zn2+ and Pb2+ from aqueous solutions using native and microwave treated Flammulina velutipes stipe

Yun Wu,Zhongze Zhou,Ruiwen Yan,Jun Zheng 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.8

Native stipe (NS) and microwave treated stipe (MTS) of Flammulina velutipes were utilized for the biosorptionof Zn2+ and Pb2+ ions from aqueous solution. The effects of pH, contact time, and initial concentration on thebiosorption were studied for each metal separately. The desired pH of aqueous solution was found to be 6.0 for theremoval of Zn2+ ions and 5.0 for the removal of Pb2+ ions. The percent removal of both metals was found to increasewith the increase in contact time; biosorption equilibrium was established in about 60min. The maximum biosorptionof Zn2+ and Pb2+ ions from single component systems can be successfully described by Langmuir and Freundlich models;the biosorption kinetics can be accurately described by a second-order kinetic model. The present data from these studiesconfirms that the native and microwave treated forms of Flammulina velutipes stipe have the potential to be used forthe biosorption of Zn2+ and Pb2+ ions from aqueous solution. The metal biosorption capacities of NS for Zn2+ and Pb2+were 58.14 and 151.51 mg g−1, respectively, while the biosorption capacities of MTS for the both metals were 95.24and 172.41 mg g−1, respectively.