Rooting Characteristics of Stem Tip Cuttings in Ardisia pusilla as Influenced by Cutting Stage, Rooting Medium, Temperature, and Plant Growth Regulator Pretreatment

Chang Hee Lee,Oh Keun Kwon,Young Jin Kim 한국원예학회 2005 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.46 No.3

To produce commercially acceptable pot plants of Ardisia pusilla, vegetative propagation method such as stem tip cutting has been used in general. Thus, the production of uniform and vigorous rooted cuttings is required. This study was conducted to screen an adequate stem tip cutting stage for rooting, to select an adequate rooting medium, to find its favoring temperature for rooting, and to develop a suitable method for promoting root development. The stages of stem tip cuttings could be divided into five groups by the degree of leaf expansion and chlorophyll contents. Stem tip cutting with green leaves was found to be the best rooting potential among the five types of stem tip cuttings. In rooting medium, roots dry weight showed 152% increase in only vermiculite compared to in a commercial growing medium (perlite:peatmoss=1:1, v/v). Rooted cuttings of A. pusilla showed very sensitive rooting potential according to temperature and optimal rooting temperature was found to be 20-25℃. Although indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) used for rooting increased the number of roots in a concentration-dependent manner regardless of the pretreating methods, dipping treatment into a 1500 ㎎ㆍℓ?¹ IBA solution for 10 min was the most effective on increasing the number of roots. However, cuttings treated with 0.4% naphthylacetamide (NAA) talc showed the heaviest root dry weight than those with the other treatments. Thus, NAA talc was the most acceptable rooting promotion method for producing rooted cuttings due to simple and practical method used by farmers. In conclusion, rooting characteristics of cuttings in A. pusilla was very dependent on cutting stage, rooting medium, and rooting temperature.

적심 여부와 발근촉진제 처리가 고추묘의 발근 및 생장에 미치는 영향

이희주(Hee-Ju Lee),이상규(Sang-Gyu Lee),이정명(Jung-Myung Lee) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2009 시설원예‧식물공장 Vol.18 No.4

grafting;rooting;rootstock적심 및 rootone 처리가 고추 10품종의 발근력에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과, 모두 정상적으로 발근되었으나 품종간에 큰 차이를 보였다. 즉 ‘Gukbo’와 ‘Chungyang’ 등은 발근력이 낮은 반면, 대목 이용 가능성이 높은 ‘Geumsang’ 등은 매우 높았다. 발근촉진제 rootone 처리는 모든 품종의 발근을 현저히 증가시켜 높은 실용성을 보여주었다. 또한 적심에 따른 발근 지연 현상은 rootone 처리로 거의 완벽하게 보완될 수 있었다. 선발된 대목 10품종과 접수 3품종을 적심과 IBA 단용 또는 병행처리 후 발근력을 검토한 결과, 대목 중에서는 ‘Tantan’이 가장 높았고, ‘Konesian Hot’과 ‘Wonkwang 1호’도 높았다. 또한 공시된 10개 대목은 대면적에 일반재배 되는 품종인‘Manita’, ‘Chungyang’, ‘Nokkwang’보다 발근력이 높았다. IBA 처리는 발근력을 다소 향상시켰으나 rootone 처리에 비해 효과가 뚜렷하지 않았다. In order to find out the feasibility of producing grafted red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings with root-removed rootstocks, rooting response and subsequent seedling growth was also evaluated. Pinching the top of pepper seedlings for cutting significantly reduced the rooting of cuttings in 10 commercial hot pepper cultivars. Normal rooting was obtained from all commercial cultivars even though the rooting response varied considerably among cultivars. Poor rooting was observed in ‘Gukbo’ and ‘Chungyang’. Rootone treatment significantly promoted rooting in all tested cultivars and the decrease of rooting response caused by pinching could be fully recovered by rootone treatment. Among the ten commercial rootstocks developed for hot pepper grafting, ‘Tantan’ showed the best rooting response followed by ‘Konesian Hot’ and ‘Wonkwang 1’. Most of these rootstocks, however, showed higher rooting response as compared to the popular commercial cultivars, ‘Manita’, ‘Chungyang’, and ‘Nokkwang’. Pasting of IBA at cut surface promoted the rooting of pepper cuttings, but the effect was not quite pronounced as compared to rootone treatment.

여주 삽목 시 삽수절단 위치와 온도조건이 발근에 미치는 영향

이희주(Hee Ju Lee),이상규(Sang Gyu Lee),김성겸(Sung Kyeom Kim),최장선(Chang Sun Choi),김상범(Sang Beom Kim) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2016 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.25 No.3

본 실험은 종자 가격이 비싼 여주를 삽목하여 증식하고자 할 때 적절한 줄기 절단위치와 삽목상내 온도를 구명하기 위하여 실험하였다. 시험품종 ‘NS454’(NS)와 ‘드레곤’(DR) 품종을 대상으로 삽수 절단 위치를 3번째 잎의 마디를 절단한 처리(I) 와 3번째와 4번째 잎의 중간부위를 절단한 처리(II)를 하였다. 삽목상내 온도는 18, 23, 28, 35℃ 처리를 하였다. 삽목상내 명기는 16시간유지하였으며, 광합성유효광량자속은 약 150-200μmol·m<SUP>-2</SUP>·s<SUP>-1</SUP> 정도였으며, 상대습도는 85% 이상 유지시켰다. 그 결과 삽목 후 10일에 생존율은 두 품종 모두 18℃와 23℃ 처리구에서는 삽수의 절단 위치와 상관없이 100%의 생존율을 보였지만, 18℃ 처리구의 경우, 뿌리 발근이 되지 않아 많은 개체가 고사하게 되었다. 뿌리 발근율에 있어서는 28℃ 처리구가 DR과 NS 품종 모두 삽수의 절단위치와 상관없이 100% 새뿌리가 발생하였고, 23℃ 처리구에서는 DR 품종의 경우 마디를 절단한 처리는 90%, 마디 중간지점을 절단한 처리는 40%이었으며 NS 품종의 경우도 마디를 절단한 처리는 50%, 중간지점을 절단한 처리는 40% 로 마디를 절단한 처리구에서 두 품종 모두 발근율이 높았다. 온도 35℃ 처리구에서는 발근율이 현저하게 낮아졌으며 NS 품종의 경우는 절단위치에 상관없이 발근이 되지 않았다. 뿌리의 개체당 발근수는 DR 품종의 경우, 28℃ 처리구는 마디 중간지점을 절단한 처리구에서 5.3개로 처리구중에서 가장 많았고 마디를 절단한 처리구는 2.7개이었다. 따라서 여주의 삽목시 절단위치는 마디부위를 절단하거나 마디 중간지점을 절단해도 되지만 마디 중간지점을 절단하는 것이 생존율을 높일 수 있을 것으로 사료되고, 또한 삽목상내 기온을 28℃ 정도를 유지해 주는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다. This study was carried out to investigate proper stem cutting position and air temperature to regenerate roots from cuttings of bitter gourd. ‘NS454’ (NS) and ‘Dragon’ (DR) cultivars were tested and the cutting position was cut at the 3rd node in the stem (treatment I) and cut at the central part (stem segment) between 3rd leaf and 4th leaf in the stem (treatment II). The air temperature was maintained at 18, 23, 28 and 35℃ in the growth chambers, respectively. The photosynthetic photon flux at the ground of a chamber was maintained in approximately 150-200 μmol m<SUP>-2</SUP> s<SUP>-1</SUP> during the 16-hour photoperiod. The relative humidity in the chambers was maintained over 85%. After 10 days of cuttings, regardless of cutting position, DR and NS cultivars showed 100% the survival rate in the 18℃ or 23℃ treatments, however, most of plants 18℃ treatment had not rooting. In the 28℃ treatment, regardless of cutting position, DR and NS cultivars showed 100% of the rooting rate. In the 23℃ treatment, for DR cultivar, the node cutting showed 90% of rooting rate and the stem segment cutting showed 40% rooting rate. For NS cultivar, the node cutting showed 50% of rooting rate and the stem segment cutting showed 40% rooting rate. DR and NS cultivars have high rooting rate, while the rooting rate remarkably decreased in the 35oC treatment. For DR cultivar, the stem segment cutting showed 5.3 of the highest rooting number and the node cutting showed 2.7 rooting number in the 28℃ treatment. NS cultivar was not significantly different the rooting regardless of cutting position. The results suggested that cutting at the stem segment cutting of bitter gourd is an effective cutting method for increasing survival rate and the air temperature should be maintained at 28℃.

삽목배지 및 시기에 따른 국내육성 수국 두 품종의 발근 및 줄기생육

유웅,김선국,유용권 한국화훼학회 2023 화훼연구 Vol.31 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of cutting media and times on rooting in domestic hydrangea cultivars ‘Morning Star’ and ‘Pink Ari’. In the cutting media experiment, cocopeat, perlite, peatmoss, and cocopeat + cocochip were used, and stem tip cuttings of ‘Morning Star’ were carried out on 15 July. In the cutting times experiment, stem tip cuttings were carried out in April, June, and August. As a cutting media, a mixed medium of cocopeat and cocochip had the most negative effect on rooting. There was no statistical difference in rooting rate and root length among other media, but the number of roots was more in cocopeat than in perlite and peatmoss. Therefore, it was found that it was the most effective for rooting to use the cocopeat as a medium in cutting of domestic hydrangea ‘Morning Star’. Regardless of cutting times, the rooting rates of ‘Morning Star’ were high at 83 - 90%, which was not statistically significant. But, the number of roots and fresh weight of roots increased the most when cutting was taken in June than in April and August. And, the shoot growth such as length of new shoots and number of leaves were the most effective in cutting taken in June. In cutting time experiment of ‘Pink Ari’, the rooting rate was higher in cutting taken in June and August than in April cuttings, and the number of roots and fresh weight of roots were the best in the June cuttings at 61.4 and 0.31 g, respectively. Also, overall shoot growth was better in June cutting than in April and August cutting. Therefore, June cutting was more effective for rooting and shoot growth than April and August cuttings in domestic hydrangea ‘Morning Star’ and ‘Pink Ari’.

녹지삽목에 의한 고로쇠나무류의 대량증식 : 삽수의 발근에 미치는 삽목시기, 삽수의 부위 및 옥신처리의 효과

김장수,김진수,나성준,문현식 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2013 농업생명과학연구 Vol.47 No.2

This study was conducted to develop an efficient mass propagation method for Acer mono, A. mono for. rubripes, A. okamotoanum seedlings (6 years old). For each species, categories of cutting time, cuttings position on shoots, and auxin treatments were tested. Greenwood cutting was carried out in an unheated greenhouse equipped with fog system. The dates of commencement of rooting after taking cuttings were 20 days for Acer mono and 30 days for Acer mono for. rubripes and Acer okamotoanum, respectively. The dates of completion of rooting after taking cutting were 45 days for Acer mono and 60 days for Acer mono for. rubripes and Acer okamotoanum, respectively. For the 3 species, according to the categories of cutting time, cuttings position on shoots, and auxin treatments, highly significant difference (P<0.0001) was observed in rooting rate. However, depending on different auxin treatment, highly significant difference (P<0.0001) was recognized only in the number of roots. The highest average rooting rate was observed in cutting time of July 1st (73.0%) which was 21.4% higher than that of June 1st (51.6%). The development of roots and root length was also best in cutting time of July 1st. For cuttings position, rooting rate of the lower part (72.4%) was 20.2% higher than the upper part but there was no significant difference in the number of roots and root length. For each species, commonly appliable auxin treatment was turned out to be IBA 100ppm and control(no auxin treatment) where high rooting rate and poor root development was observed. For interaction effect of rooting for each treatment, high significance (P<0.0001) was recognized on the rooting rate in all three species. However, each species showed different interaction effect on the number of roots. Best combination for rooting rate was composed of cutting time of July 1st, the lower part, and control for Acer mono (100%). For Acer mono for. rubripes, that was composed of cutting time of July 1st, the lower part, and IBA 100ppm (96.7%). For Acer okamotoanum, that was composed of cutting time of July 1, the lower part, and control (88.7%). 고로쇠나무, 붉은고로쇠나무, 우산고로쇠나무 실생묘(6년생)의 녹지삽목 대량증식 방법을 밝히기 위해 수종별로 삽목시기, 삽수부위 및 옥신처리를 하여 자동안개관수장치가 설치된 무가온 비닐하우스에 삽목을 실시하였다. 고로쇠나무류의 삽목 후 발근 개시일과 완료일은 고로쇠나무가 20일과 45일, 붉은고로쇠나무와 우산고로쇠나무는 30일과 60일로 나타났다. 3수종의 삽목 발근율에 대한 삽목시기, 삽수부위, 옥신의 처리 효과는 모두 고도의 유의적인 차이(P<0.0001)가 나타났고, 뿌리수는 옥신처리 간에만 고도의 유의성(P<0.0001)이 인정되었다. 삽목시기의 효과는 7월 1일 삽목의 평균 발근율이 73.0%로 6월 1일 삽목(51.6%)보다 21.4% 이상 높았고 뿌리수와 뿌리길이의 발달도 좋았다. 삽수부위의 효과는 하단부의 발근율(72.4%)이 상단부보다 20.2% 높고, 뿌리수와 뿌리길이는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 각 수종에 공통적으로 적용할 수 있는 옥신처리는 IBA 100ppm과 무처리로 높은 발근율을 보였으나 뿌리발달은 좋지 않았다. 각 처리에 대한 상호작용의 발근 효과에서 발근율은 3수종 모두 고도의 유의성(P<0.0001)이 인정되었으며, 뿌리수에 대한 상호작용은 수종마다 달랐다. 발근율이 가장 좋은 각 처리 조합은 고로쇠나무의 경우 7월 1일 삽목시기+하단부+무처리로 발근율이 100%로 나타났고, 붉은고로쇠나무는 7월 1일 삽목+하단부+IBA 100ppm(96.7%)이었으며, 우산고로쇠나무는 7월 1일 삽목+하단부+무처리(88.7%)가 가장 좋은 발근율을 나타냈다.

정금나무(Vaccinium oldhamii Miq.)의 다신초 유도 및 기외발근을 통한 식물체 재분화

윤아영,김태동,김지아,이나념,정은주,김용욱 한국식물생명공학회 2022 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.49 No.1

In vitro techniques were developed for propagating Vaccinium oldhamii using shoots with apical buds. Explants having an apical bud were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0 mg/L of each zeatin, thidiazuron, 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), and 6-(γ,γ-dimethylallylamino)purine (2-iP) in order to induce multiple shoots. Among the tested treatments, the 2.0 mg/L of 2-iP proved to be most suited for the multiplication and growth of shoots; the multiple shoot induction rate was 100.0%, the average number of shoots was 7.4 per explant, and the average shoot length was 51.7 mm. The in vitro elongated shoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium containing various concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). However, overall callus overgrowth was observed in all treatments and resulted in necrosis and abnormal shoot growth in root formation. A low concentration (0.5 mg/L) of IBA was appropriate for normal root development and the in vitro rooting rate was 30%. Ex vitro treatments on root formation using various concentrations of IBA with Talc powder and two types of rooting substrates (Flexi-Plugs or Horticultural soil) were examined. The ex vitro rooting rate (80%) and length of roots (32.9 mm) were obtained when the cut ends of the shoots were treated with 1.0 mg/L IBA and cultivated in Horticultural soil for 2 months. These findings suggest that ex vitro rooting is the more effective method for improving root formation in Vaccinium oldhamii than in vitro rooting.

국화 '백마'의 플러그 육묘시 삽목조건이 삽목묘와 절화 생육에 미치는 영향

유용권(Yong Kweon Yoo),노용승(Yong Seung Roh) 한국원예학회 2012 원예과학기술지 Vol.30 No.1

This study was carried out to examine the effect of cutting condition on the growth of rooted cuttings and their subsequent growth of cut flower in plug cutting of Dendranthema grandiflorum 'Baekma'. The more leaves were attached to the cutting, the higher shoot growth of rooted cutting was observed. Cutting with two to six leaves was effective in shoot growth and rooting than any other treatment. Shoot growth of rooted cutting was not affected by cutting length, but rooting was better in 5 to 7 cm long cutting. Shoot growth and rooting of rooted cutting was promoted by increasing the cutting diameter, and rooting was better in 3.6-4.2 ㎜ thick cutting than 3.1 ㎜ thick cutting. As the treating concentration of NAA increased, shoot growth was inhibited and root length shortened in rooted cutting. Soaking with 100 ㎎·L-¹ α-naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) for 1 h was effective in shoot growth and rooting. Root growth such as root number, root length, and root weight was better in rooting medium mixed with 2:2 of peatmoss:perlite than the other treatments. When rooted cutting produced from cutting with four or six leaves was planted, better length, weight, and leaf number of cut flower was observed. In rooted cutting produced with 7-9 ㎝ long cutting, growth of cut flower such as length, weight, and ray flower number was more effective than the others. Therefore, it is recommended that the 7 ㎝ long and 3.6 ㎜ thick cutting with four to six leaves is used to improve their rooting and subsequent growth of cut flower in plug cutting of Dendranthema grandiflorum 'Baekma'.

生長調節劑 및 揷木用土가 切花薔薇 揷木에 미치는 影響

蔡潤錫,孫玲杰,李相雨 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1999 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.12 No.-

생장조절제 및 揷木용토를 이용하여 薔薇 揷木苗 생산기술을 정립하기 위하여 몇가지 상토를 계절별로 揷木하고 發根率 및 苗 생산상태를 조사하였다. 춘계揷木의 경우 'Koffectti', 'Rote Rose'에서 토실이 培地의 68%, 64%의 發根率보다 岩綿培地의 82%, 78%로 發根率이 높았지만, 신초 발아율은 岩綿培地는 58%, 56%에 비하여 토실이가 63%, 61%로 높았다. 발근후 苗의 생육은 토실이 揷木苗가 岩綿 揷木苗에 비하여 좋았다. 配合土에서는 發根率 및 생육상태가 두 品種 공히 매우 낮았다. 夏季 揷木의 경우 'Koffectti', 'Rote Rose'에서 岩綿培地에서의 發根率이 각 68%, 63%로 토실이 培地의 54%, 51%에 비하여 높았으며, 생육상태는 토실이 培地가 좋았는데 이는 유기질함량의 영향이었다. 발근제처리에서는 두 品種 모두 NAA 1000, 1500ppm과 IBA 1500ppm에서 發根率이 높았고, 신초발아율 및 신초생장도 좋았다. For the establishment of producing technique in cutting seedling of rose, rooting ratio and condition of seedling in case of each seasonal cutting seedling in several soil were investigated using growth regulators and media of cutting. In case of cutting in spring, rooting ratio in 'Koffectti' and 'Rote Rose' in rockwool were higher(82% and 78%) than in tosilee (68% and 64%), respectively. However, shoot emergency in 'Koffectti' and 'Rote Rose' were lower(58% and 56%) in rockwool than in tosilee (63% and 61%), respectively. Seedling quality was better in cutting seedling grown in tosilee than grown in rockwool after rooting. The rooting condition and growing condition in both variaties were very low in miting media. In case of cutting in summer, although rooting ratio in 'Koffectti' and 'Rote Rose' in rockwool were higher(68% and 63%) than in tosilee (54% and 51%), respectively, the condition of growth was better in tosilee because of the effect of organic materials. In treatment of growth regulators were better in 1,000ppm and 1,500ppm NAA abnd 1,500ppm of IBA on shooting emergency, rooting ratio and seedling growth in both variaties.

Effects of IBA on rooting ability of Cinnamomum bodinieri citral type micro-shoots from transcriptomics analysis

Xiao Zufei,Jin Zhinong,Zhang Beihong,Li Feng,Yu Faxin,Zhang Haiyan,Lü Xiongwei,Zhang Jie 한국식물생명공학회 2020 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.14 No.4

Cinnamomum bodinieri is a useful plant that could be improved by increasing its cultivation rate. To explore the optimal concentration of exogenously applied IBA for root formation and development in the C. bodinieri citral type, micro-shoots and the fresh tissues of their bases were subjected to morphological and transcriptome analyses, respectively. When plantedQuery on a rooting medium (1/2 MS) with 1.5 mg/L IBA for 25 days, the rooting rates and root numbers were significantly higher than those obtained with 0, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/L IBA treatment. Transcriptome analyses conducted 0 day, 7 days, 11 days, and 14 days after planting in the optimal rooting medium demonstrated that the IBA modified the plant’s carbohydrate metabolism and auxin signaling pathway. The root-specific expressions of TIR1, GH3, and SAUR were up-expressed while AUX/IAA was repressed, which contributed to the formation of lateral root initiation sites and root cell elongation. At the same time, d-glucose synthesis increased and the accumulation of starch decreased as more carbohydrates were used to form and develop roots instead of being used for the rapid cell division required for shoot growth. This study identified the optimal rooting medium for the C. bodinieri citral type and determined the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of exogenously applied IBA during root formation and development at the transcriptional level.

기내증식된 지황묘의 기내 및 기외 발근

백기엽,유광진,박상일 한국식물생명공학회 1997 식물생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.6

기내에서 증식된 다수의 지황(Rehmania glutinosa)신초를 가장 효율적으로 발근시키기 위해서 기내 및 기외발근 실험을 수행하였다. 오옥신의 종류와 농도를 달리하여 신초와 마디조직을 배양해본 결과 발근율은 거의 100%에 달하였으며 IAA 0.5~1.0 mg/L 처리구에서 절편체당 뿌리형성수가 가장 많았다. 배지내 당의 농도가 증가할수록 신초의 생장은 현저히 감소하였으나 발근율은 100%에 달하였고 형성된 뿌리의 굵기가 커지는 경향이였다. paclobutrazol과chloromequat를 처리해본 결과 마디나 신초조직에 관계없이 발근율은 거의 100%에 달하였으며 절편체당 근형성수도 억제제의 농도에 크게 영향을 받지 않았으며 신초조직에서는 5~7개, 마디조직에서는 3.5~5.0개가 형성되었다. 기외발근시에는 100ppm의 IBA용액에 15분~시간 침지처리하는 것이 타 농도보다 절편체당 근형성수가 증가하였다. 분말로된 발근촉진체를 이용한 경우 신초기부 절단면에 IBA 0.1%를 분말처리하여 버미큘라이트와 퍼얼라이트가 1:1로 혼합된 삽목상에 삽목하는 것이 생존율 및 발근율이 100%에 달하였다. 100% root formation in in vitro cultures was observed regardless of kind and levels of auxin used and explant source. The number of roots/explant was increased in 0.5~1.0 mg/L IAA treatment. Thicker roots were observed with the addition of 9% sucrose compared with medium containing lower sucrose concentrations. Paclobutrazol and chlormequat had no effect on tuberization of formed roots but slightly increased the number of root. In in vivo rooting, soaking of regenerated shoot cuttings to 100 mg/L IBA for 15 to 60 minutes was found effective. Treatment of 0.1% IBA rooting powder and planting in rooting medium composred of vermiculite(1) : perlite(1) gave 100% rooting and survival.