Influence of Fertilizer Concentrations on the Performance of Seedling Grafts of Tomato Grown in Coir Based Root Media

최종명,강창수,안주원,ChiwonW.Lee 한국원예학회 2011 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.52 No.4

, and Chiwon W. Lee 3Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National University, Daejon 305-764, Korea 2Korea Plug Institute, Cheonan 331-820, Korea Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA *Corresponding author: choi1324@cnu.ac.kr Korean Society for Horticultural Science and Springer 2011Abstract. The influence of various concentrations of the standard fertilizer on the performance of seedling grafts tomato was investigated using coconut coir containing root media. Two different formulations of coir dust (CO) with perlite (PL) and vermiculite (VM) (5:5 and 7:3 mixtures of CO + VM and CO + PL, v/v) were used as growing media. Five variations (0, 0.1,1, 2, 4x conc.) of a standard fertilizer (SF) containing (mg L -1) 190 N, 54.5 P2O5, 149 K2O, 542 CaO, 24.3 MgO, 19.5 S, and micronutrients in pre-plant fertilizers were used for seedling growth before grafting. The root stock (cultivar J3B Strong) and scion (cultivar Sunmyung) were grown in 50 cell (volume 33 cc) and 105 cell (volume 18 cc) trays, respectively. Both were fertilized once a week with the N concentrations of 50, 120, and 200 mg L -1(using 14-00-14 and 20-10-20 commercial analysis fertilizers alternately) in stages 2, 3, and 4, respectively. At 31 days after sowing, seedling plants of both the root stock and scion were excised above the soil line, trimmed, and used for seedling grafting. The cut grafted plants were planted into the 50-cell pack trays (cell volume 33 cc) and incubated for 7 days inside a plastic tunnel under a shade cloth for callusing and adventitious root formation. After an additional 7 days of gradual acclimatization with lower humidity, the rooted grafted plants began to receive fertilizer treatments once a week. When examined 31 days after sowing, the highest weights of the root stock seedlings were obtained with the 2x SF solution in CO + PL mix (4.1 g/seedling) and 1x SF solution in CO + VM mix (5.0 g/seedling). The electrical conductance (EC) of the soil extracts for the two treatments were 3.85 and 1.94 dS m -1,respectively. Fresh weights of the grafted plants (Sunmyung/J3B Strong) grown in CO + VM and CO + PL mixes were not significantly different from each other when measured 13 days after grafting. Elevated plug-phase fertilizer levels in CO + PL mix resulted in an increase of fresh weights from the grafted plants in 13 days. However, substrate EC (5.19 dS m -1) at 4x SF solution in CO+PL mix was much higher than that recommended for plug seedling production. Grafted plants were tolerant to high salinity. Fresh weights of grafted plants were higher when grown with 200 mg L -1N in CO + PL mix or 100 mg L -1N CO + VM mix than other treatments. The substrate ECs of the two treatments were 3.85 and 1.94 dS m -1, respectively. Grafted plants grew well when exposed to elevated substrate salt concentrations. Results of this experiment suggest that the production of high quality tomato seedling grafts is possible with salt concentrations much higher than that recommended for plug seedling production. The optimum fertilizer concentration, however, must be determined separately for a given root medium mixture containing coconut coir.

생장해석과 외관평가에 의한 고추 플러그묘의 품질 인자 결정

김용현 ( Yong Hyeon Kim ),김철수 ( Chul Soo Kim ) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2010 농업생명과학연구 Vol.41 No.2

This study was performed to determine the quality factors of pepper plug seedlings based on the growth analysis and the visual evaluation. Growth characteristics of pepper plug seedlings sampled from five nurseries were measured. Pepper plug seedlings produced at different nurseries showed a wide variation in their growth characteristics. It means that quality standard or determination of quality factors is needed for the evaluation of the quality of plug seedlings. Correlation for the growth characteristics was analyzed. The highest correlation coefficient of 0.95 was obtained between leaf area and top fresh weight. The quality of pepper plug seedlings was visually evaluated by three experts. Multiple regression between the growth characteristics and the visual evaluation for pepper plug seedlings was applied to select the quality factors by SAS stepwise method. From these results, it was suggested that dry weight, number of leaves, and plant height corresponded to the basic quality factors of pepper plug seedlings.

보광 광원 종류에 따른 약광기 품종별 오이 접목묘의 생육과 묘소질 및 정식 후 초기 과실 수량

최형은,황소영,윤지혜,유진,황정훈,박은원,구정길,황희성,황승재 (사) 한국생물환경조절학회 2023 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.32 No.4

상품성 있는 오이를 수확하기 위해서는 고품질의 묘를 사용해야 한다. 약광기 온실에서 묘를 생산하는 것은 묘의 생육에필요한 광이 불충분하여 상품성이 저하될 수 있다. 이는 광질이 다른 인공광을 사용한 보광을 통해 약광 조건을 해결하여고품질의 묘를 생산할 수 있다. 본 연구는 약광기에 오이 접목묘의 생육과 묘소질에 적절한 보광 광원을 구명하고자 진행되었다. 오이는 ‘낙원성청장’, ‘신세대’, ‘굿모닝백다다기’ 3가지 품종을 접수로 사용하였다. ‘흑종’ 호박을 대목으로 사용하였다. 종자는 2023년 1월 26일 파종하였고, 2023년 2월 9일에접목하였다. 접목 활착 후 오이묘를 RB LED(red and blue LED, red:blue = 8:2), W LED(white LED, R:G:B = 5:3:2), 그리고 HPS를 광원으로 이용하여 처리하였다. 무처리구를대조구로 사용하였다. 보광은 일출 전 2시간, 일몰 후 2시간 동안 19일간 처리하였다. 경경과 지하부의 생체중과 지하부는보광 광원 처리별 유의적인 차이가 없었다. W LED에서 초장과 하배축장이 짧아졌다. 하지만, 엽장, 엽폭, 엽면적 그리고지상부의 생체중과 건물중은 RB LED에서 가장 높은 값을 나타냈다. 충실도, 순동화율, 그리고 작물생장률과 같은 묘소질은 RB LED와 W LED에서 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 정식 후, 대부분의 생장은 유의적인 차이가 없었지만, 초기 과실 수량은 전체적으로 대조구보다 실험구에서 많았고, RB LED와 W LED에서 과실 수량이 가장 많았다. 결론적으로 약광기 오이접목묘에 RB LED와 W LED를 보광 광원으로 사용하는 것은 묘의 생육, 묘소질, 그리고 초기 과실 수량을 증가시킬 수있다. To harvest marketable cucumbers, high quality seedlings must be used. Producing seedlings in the greenhouse during the low radiation period decreases marketability due to insufficient light for growth. Supplemental lighting with artificial light of different quality can be used to improve low light conditions and produce high quality seedlings. Therefore, this study was conducted to select the appropriate supplemental light sources on the growth and seedling quality of grafted cucumber seedlings during the low radiation period. Three cultivars of cucumber were used as scions for grafting; ‘NakWonSeongcheongjang’, ‘Sinsedae’, and ‘Goodmorning baekdadagi’. Figleaf gourd (Cucurbita ficifolia) ‘Heukjong’ was used as the rootstock. The seeds were sown on January 26, 2023, and grafted on February 9, 2023. After graft-taking, cucumbers in plug trays were treated with RB light-emitting diodes (LED, red and blue LED, red:blue = 8:2), W LED (white LED, R:G:B = 5:3:2), and HPS (high-pressure sodium lamp), respectively. Non-treatment was used as the control. Supplemental lighting was applied 2 hours before sunrise and 2 hours after sunset for 19 days. The stem diameter and fresh and dry weights of roots did not differ significantly by supplemental light sources. The plant height and hypocotyl length were decreased in W LED. However, the leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, and fresh and dry weights of shoots were the highest in the RB LED. Seedling qualities such as crop growth rate, net assimilation rate, and compactness were also increased in RB LED and W LED. After transplanting, most of the growth was not significant, but early yield of cucumber was higher in LED than non-treatment. In conclusion, using RB LED, W LED for supplemental light source during low radiation period in grafted cucumber seedlings improved growth, seedling quality, and early yield of cucumber. Additional key words: compactness, leaf area, light quality, net assimilation rate, plug seedling

Chitosan과 목초액(木酢液) 엽면살포(葉面撒布)에 의한 감자 플러그 삽목묘(揷木苗)의 발근(發根) 및 괴경형성효솔(塊莖形成效率)

宋昌吉 ( Song Chang-khil ),姜奉均 ( Kang Bong-kyoon ) 한국유기농업학회 1999 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.8 No.1

To do mass multiplication of plug seedlings in potatoes, apical stem cuttings originated from virus-free microtubers were cut to one-two internodes and transplanted into the plug-tray. After 10 days, we applied Chitosan and Wood Extraction on rooting and tuber formation of plug seedlings. To improve field adaptability of plug seedlings, rooted cuttings with a height of 20 cm after 20days of cutting were transplanted into the fields. We applied 500~2000ppm Chitosan on growth characteristics and tuber formation of that. The above and underground growths, such as plant height and number of leaves were significantly more vigorous after treatment with 500~1,000ppm Chitosan and 2,000ppm Wood Extraction, the spray treatment was carried out five times at intervals of four days after ten days of transplanting. T-N,K, P,Mg and Na,were higher as the concentrations of Chitosan and Wood Extraction were higher. The growth and tuber yield in plug seedlings planting plot and seed potatoes planting plot were effectively higher as foliar application of Chitosan(500~2, 000ppm) was done after planting the plot. T-N content in leaves and tuber was higher as the concentration of Chitosan was high. A similar tendency was shown in K,P and Mg. In the small tubers(under 30g), the number of tubers and tuber yield were relatively increased in the seed potatoes planting plot, but the large tubers(over 80g) yield was higher in the plug seedlings planting plot, and in order to increase tuber yield in plug seedlings it was necessary to add plant density to the field.

플러그 트레이 셀의 크기, 차광률, 시비조건이 강부추와 갯부추의 육묘에 미치는 영향

박충화,장보국,김정민,최혁재,윤미정 한국화훼학회 2023 화훼연구 Vol.31 No.4

Among the native Allium plants, A. thunbergii for. rheophytum ined. and A. pseudojaponicum Makino were valuable as ornamental, edible, and medicinal resources, but they need to be studied due to insufficient investigation of growth environmental conditions for seedling. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of plug tray cell size, light shading rates, and fertilization treatments on the seedling of two allium species. As a result of cultivating in the plug cell size, 50 cells with the largest volume among 50, 72, 105, 128, 162, and 200 cell treatments showed excellent growth of plant length, number of leaves, number of roots and root length. However, it is considered effective to use a 128-cell plug tray in terms of production cost and efficiency during seedling. The seedlings according to the light shading rates were significantly higher plant length, number of roots, and root length in 30~60% shade. When the growth indicators except for fresh and dry weight were investigated in the fertilizer treatment, A. thunbergii for. rheophytum were 0.1 g of fast-acting solid fertilizer (DO-PRO) and A. pseudojaponicum were 8 mL liquid fertilizer treatment once a week, and both species were effective in fast-acting fertilizer treatment. The most effective growth conditions for two allium species seedlings were found to be sowing in a 128-cell plug tray filled with horticultural substrate, fertilization of 0.1 g of DO-PRO or 8 mL of Peters once a week, and cultivation under 30~60% shading treatment.

종이포트 묘 육묘시 양분관리, 육묘일수 및 정식 후 야온에 따른 오이의 생육

장윤아,안세웅,전희,이희주,위승환 (사) 한국생물환경조절학회 2019 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.28 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate the growth of grafted cucumber seedlings in biodegradable paper pot trays influenced by seedling age, nutrient management before transplanting, and night temperature after transplanting. Grafted cucumber seedlings in paper pot trays were supplied with different nutrient solution concentrations of 0.5 x full strength (S) (EC 0.8 dS·m-1), 1.0S(EC 1.6 dS·m-1), 2.0S(EC 3.2 dS·m-1) two times a week until transplanting. 26, 33, 40, and 47 day-old cucumber grafted seedlings were transplanted and grown at three levels of night temperature (10, 15, and 25°C) during ten days. Increasing nutrient solution concentration enhanced the shoot length, number of leaves, leaf area, dry weight, and relative growth rate of seedlings. With increasing seedling age, the differences in growth were greater among nutrient treatments. The dry matter percentage increased with the seedling age, but was lower with higher nutrient concentration. The specific leaf area showed the opposite results. In cucumbers transplanted at 26- or 33-day seedling ages, night temperature did not affect the growth at ten days after transplanting. However, the growth of 40 or 47 day-old seedling decreased at 10°C. Compared with 25°C, the dry weight of cucumbers transplanted at 40- or 47-day seedling ages was depressed by 58% or 71%, respectively, at 10°C. Accordingly, it was concluded that the optimum nutrient solution concentrations and seedling age for the production of grafted cucumber seedlings in biodegradable paper pot trays can be 1.0S and about 30 days, respectively, and night temperature should be maintained at the range of 15-25°C for promoting the growth after transplanting. 본 논문에서는 생분해성 종이포트를 이용한 오이 접목 묘 육묘시 추비용 양액의 농도와 육묘일수, 정식 후 야 간 온도에 따른 오이의 생육을 검토하였다. 오이 종이포 트묘 접목활착 종료 후 육묘 중 시비 농도를 0.5S(EC 0.8dS·m-1), 1.0S(EC 1.6dS·m-1), 2.0S(EC 3.2dS·m-1)의 3 수준으로 처리한 뒤, 육묘일수를 파종 후 26, 33, 40, 47일로 달리하여 정식하였다. 정식 직후 야간 온도를 10, 15, 25°C 3수준으로 조합, 처리하여 10일 동안 재배 하였다. 육묘기간 중 오이 종이포트묘의 초장, 엽수, 엽 면적, 건물중, 및 상대생장률은 추비용 양액의 농도가 높아질수록 증가하였으며, 육묘일수가 경과할수록 처리 에 따른 차이는 더 커졌다. 건물률은 육묘일수가 경과함 에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였으나, 양액의 농도가 높을 수록 낮았다. 반면 비엽면적은 육묘일수가 길어질수록 감소하였고, 양액 농도가 높을수록 높은 값을 나타냈다. 정식 10일 후 오이의 생육은 육묘일수가 증가할수록 초 장, 엽면적, 건물중에 있어서 높은 값을 나타냈으나, 상 대생장률은 감소하였다. 육묘일수 26일, 30일의 경우 정 식 후 오이의 생육은 야간 온도의 영향이 크지 않았으 나, 육묘일수가 길어져 40일이상 육묘한 묘는 정식 후 10°C 정도의 저온에서 활착이 지연되어 생육이 저조하 였다. 따라서 오이 종이포트 접목묘 생산시 추비용 양액 농도 1S, 육묘일수는 30일 내외가 추천되며, 정식 후 활 착 및 생육 촉진을 위해 15-25℃ 범위의 야간온도 관리가 요구된다.

Effect of Seed Potato Size on Plug Seedling Growth and Field Performance

Kang, Bong-Kyoon,Kang, Young-Kil,Ko, Mi-Ra The Korean Society of Crop Science 2001 Korean journal of crop science Vol.46 No.2

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g were planted in plug trays with vermiculite-based root medium on 10 August 2000 and grown for 15 days in a glasshouse to determine the effects of mini-tuber size on plug seedling growth and field performance of plug seedlings. For a control, common potato tubers weighing 50 g were also planted. As size of seed tubers planted increased from 10 to 50 g, seedling height decreased from 24.6 to 20.0cm while shoot number per seedling increased from 2.0 to 3.5, main stem diameter from 4.3 to 6.1mm, and fresh weight of root + top from 9.3 to 19.4 g/seedling. At 90 days after transplanting plug seedlings, the total number of tubers per plant increased from 3.62 to 4.72, average tuber weight from 62.9 to 72.8g, and total tuber yield 20.5 to 23.6 t/ha with increase in seed tuber size. Plug seedlings raised from 50g tubers produced 22% more tubers per plant and had 21 % higher>80g tuber yield than the directly planted potatoes.

光波長이 오이(Cucumis sativus L.) 플러그苗의 生長에 미치는 影響

용영록,전지영,황세진,김일섭,정천순 강릉대학교 동해안지역연구소 2000 東海岸硏究 Vol.11 No.1

This research was carried to find out the optimum artificial light condition for plug seedling production of high quality cucumber through investigating growth response of the seedling by both light wave length and treatment period. The treatment with blue and red fluorescent lamp increased the fresh weight involving hypocotyl and root and controlled the elongation of hypocotyl, compared with other treatments. The 30-day-old seedling treatment with blue and red light for 12 hours showed that vegetative growth including root, stem and leaves was better than that of seedling treated with other lamps. Seedling under blue and red light for 12 hours grew 60.0mm and 0.55g in length and weight of hypocotyl. respectively, Hypocotyl length and weight were 44.9mm and 0.62g when seedling was grown under above light condition for 6 hours. Total chlorophyll contents of hypocotyl were highest in the light mixing treatment, and this accelerated greening. Morphological characteristics by investigating cross and longitudinal section of 30-day-old cucumber seedling treated with the mixing fluorescent lamps indicated that epidrmis tissues were usually single layer and thicker, resulting in small, compact and non-intercellular spaces of cells. On the other hand, epidermis tissues of the control composed of large, longer and round cells and cortex tissues showed large intercellular spaces between cells. Longitudinal section of photo-treated hypocotyl showed that there were more shorter cells and non-intercellular spaces of cells than untreated tissues. As a result, blue and red light mixing treatment controled the cell elongation of seedling hypocotyl, resulting in shortening hypocotyl of cucumber seedling.

Effect of Seed Potato Size on Plug Seedling Growth and Field Performance

Bong-Kyoon Kang,Young-Kil Kang,Mi-Ra Ko 韓國作物學會 2001 Korean journal of crop science Vol.46 No.2

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g were planted in plug trays with vermiculite-based root medium on 10 August 2000 and grown for 15 days in a glasshouse to determine the effects of mini-tuber size on plug seedling growth and field performance of plug seedlings. For a control, common potato tubers weighing 50 g were also planted. As size of seed tubers planted increased from 10 to 50 g, seedling height decreased from 24.6 to 20.0cm while shoot number per seedling increased from 2.0 to 3.5, main stem diameter from 4.3 to 6.1mm, and fresh weight of root + top from 9.3 to 19.4 g/seedling. At 90 days after transplanting plug seedlings, the total number of tubers per plant increased from 3.62 to 4.72, average tuber weight from 62.9 to 72.8g, and total tuber yield 20.5 to 23.6 t/ha with increase in seed tuber size. Plug seedlings raised from 50g tubers produced 22% more tubers per plant and had 21 % higher>80g tuber yield than the directly planted potatoes.

파 플러그 육묘 시 품종에 따른 육묘 용기와 일수가 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향

이정수 한국국제농업개발학회 2021 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.33 No.1

파 플러그 육묘 시 품종에 따른 육묘일수와 용기 트레이 종류가 묘소질 및 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 하였다. 파 품종은 ‘백암외대파’와 ‘설동한로파’, 육묘일수는 40일, 65일 및 90일, 플러그 셀 종류는 128공, 200공 및 406공을 이용하여 모 생육과 수확 시 수량 등을 조사하였다. 육묘 시 모의 생육은 각 품종 별로 육묘일수가 길어질수록 생육량이 커졌으나, 플러그 트레이 종류에 따라서 406공이 생육량이 낮았다. ‘백암외대파’는 생육 시 생체중에서 모 생육이 좋았던 처리가 후기 생육 시에도 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 ‘설동한로파’는 육묘 시 처리에 의해 분얼수가 증가하였으나 개체 별 생체중이 떨어져 수량에는 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 플러그묘 정식 후 수량은 두 품종 모두 품종 별 육묘일수에 따른 영향을 받아 65일 육묘가 40일이나 90일보다 상품수량이 높았으며, 육묘용기에 따라서는 406공이 128공이나 200공보다 수량이 낮은 경향을 보여, 플러그 용기는 목적에 따라 선택 범위를 조절하여 이용하는 것이 유리해 보인다. 동남아 등 해외에서도 파 육묘 시 국내 플러그 육묘 기술을 활용하면 노동력 절감이나 생산성 향상에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of seedling age (40, 65 or 90 days) and plug tray cell size (406, 200 or 128 cells per tray) on the growth and marketable yield of two spring onion types, ‘Baegam oedae’ and ‘Seoldong hanlo’. Our results shows that the seedling age and plug tray size affected the amount of growth that both cultivars experienced before transplantation. The fresh weight and diameter of the stem of the 90-day-old seedling grown in 128- or 200-cell trays were higher than that of the others. However, the 65-day-old seedling produced a significantly greater yield than those of 40- or 90-day-old seedlings after transplanting. The yield of seedlings grown in 128- and 200-cell trays was higher than 488 cells. The results seem to suggest that 65 days of onion growth using 128-/200-cell trays is the most advantageous growth scheme for green onion seedlings. This growth scheme would result in the highest likelihood of producing a strong marketable yield.