Heritability of Fruit Characters of Interspecific Hybrids between Pyrus pyrifolia and P. ussuriensis or P. bretschneider

Il Sheob Shin,Hae Sung Hwang,Whee Cheon Kim,Hyun Mo Cho,Daeil Kim,Seong Heo,Yong Uk Shin 한국원예학회 2006 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.47 No.6

Pear characters such as fruit ripening time, fruit weight, soluble solids, and flesh firmness were analyzed to obtain information on their inheritance using interspecific hybrid seedling populations of 17 crossing combinations between Pyrus pyrifolia and P. ussuriensis or P. bretschneider and their parental cultivars. The average values for the ripening time (calculated as days after full bloom), fruit weight, soluble solids, and flesh firmness in the parental cultivars were 193 days, 416 g, 14.5˚Bx, and 1.41 ㎏/5 ㎜ φ, respectively, and their coefficients of variation were 7.69, 20.22, 10.17, and 14.81%, respectively. The average values of individual crossing combination during 2000-2003 ranged from 159 to 185 days after full bloom, 291 to 447 g in fruit weight, 12.1 to 13.5˚Bx in soluble solids, and 1.06 to 1.89 ㎏/5 ㎜ in flesh firmness, and also the overall average values of the 17 cross combinations for these characters were 174 days after full bloom, 373 g in fruit weight, 12.7˚Bx in soluble solids, and 1.24 kg/5 mm in flesh firmness. The estimates of heritability for days after full bloom, fruit weight, soluble solids, and flesh firmness were in the range of 0.81-0.98, 0.11-0.85, 0.14-0.88, and 0.23-0.98, respectively. The average value of heritability was 0.94 in days after full bloom, 0.46 in fruit weight, 0.48 in soluble solids, and 0.70 in flesh firmness.

저장 중 바나나 경도 예측을 위한 비파괴 기술의 적용 가능성 검토

조병효 ( Byeong-hyo Cho ),김경철 ( Kyoung-chul Kim ),홍영기 ( Youngki Hong ) 한국농업기계학회 2023 농업기계공학 Vol.3 No.1

In this study, we aimed to examine the non-destructive measurement technologies for banana firmness, and two methods, such as digital image-based technology and compressed air-based deformation measurement technology, were used to nondestructively predict the banana firmness. A total of 130 mature green ‘Cavendish’ bananas imported from the Philippines were used as sample, and were stored in a incubator with temperature of 20℃ and relative humidity of 90%. The firmness of banana was measured using destructive method after taking digital image and deformation of bananas, and ten bananas were used for each experiment. L*a*b* color space of banana surface was extracted from digital images using image processing, and the deformation of banana was measured using a deformation acquisition system. L*a*b* color space and deformation data of bananas were used as input data to develop banana firmness prediction model based on the support vector regression (SVR). As a result, the prediction models based on L*a*b* color space and deformation achieved accuracy with R² values of 0.617, 0.764 and RMSE of 12.518 N, 9.827 N, respectively. Therefore, it is considered that the technologies can be used to non-destructively predict the banana firmness. Nevertheless, it is necessary to carry out more experiments to improve the prediction accuracy in the future.

국내 육성 황육계 키위푸르트 품종간 저장 특성 비교

이아연(Ah-Youn Lee),배태민(Tae-Min Bae),조윤섭(Youn-Sup Cho),황용수(Yong-Soo Hwang) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2014 농업과학연구 Vol.41 No.4

Physiological characteristics of two Korean golden kiwifruit cultivars, ‘Halla Gold’ and ‘Haehyang’, were compared to determine the storage potential of fruit. The soluble solid levels of the fruit were 8.9 and 6.9 oBrix in ‘Halla Gold’ and ‘Haehyang’ at harvest, respectively but increased up to 15.4 in ‘Halla Gold’ and 17.5 oBrix in ‘Haehyang’ after 2 months of storage. Major sugars were fructose and glucose, and sucrose content was relatively low regardless of cultivar. The edible quality of ‘Haehyang’ was better than ‘Halla Gold’ because of higher amount of sugars. Firmness of the fruits gradually decreased as the increase of storage period in ‘Halla Gold’ in both flesh and core tissue. Th firmness loss of ‘Haehyang’ fruit was faster in the first 2 months and then became slow. After 75 days of storage, the firmness of ‘Haehyang’ fruit was only 5.2% at harvest. Core tissue was soften enough to eat at ripe stage. Wall modifying enzyme activities including xylanase, α-L-arabinofuranosi- dase and β-galactosidase were consistently higher in ‘Haehyang’ and the activity of pectate lyase was more increased than ‘Halla Gold’ after 2 months of storage. Respiration rate of ‘Haehyang’ was higher than ‘Halla Gold’ and further increased after 2 months of storage. Weight loss was much higher in ‘Haehyang’ which showed higher rate of the firmness loss. The storage potential of golden kiwifruit was estimated to be about 2 months for ‘Haehyang’ and 3 months for ‘Halla Gold’ when determined on the basis of the fruit firmness.

사과 저장성 연관 Md-ACS1, Md-ACO1, Md-PG1 분자표지의 활용성 평가

권영순,권순일,김정희,박무용,박종택,김선애 한국육종학회 2020 한국육종학회지 Vol.52 No.4

The purpose of this study was to examine the potential utility of marker-assisted selection (MAS) based on storability-associatedmolecular markers in apple breeding and to provide genotype information for the markers Md-ACS1, Md-ACO1, and Md-PG1 in apple geneticresources as basic data for the use of breeding materials. We analyzed 750 apple genetic resources to assess the allelic composition of Md-ACS1and Md-ACO1, which play roles in the ethylene biosynthesis pathway, and Md-PG1, which is involved in cell wall degradation. For 108of the genetic resources used for genotyping, we measured fruit firmness using a texture analyzer (10 mm plunger) at harvest and after 20days of room temperature (20~25℃) storage. Md-ACS1 and Md-PG1 were found to be associated with changes in fruit firmness (the differencebetween firmness at harvest and after storage), with ACS1-2/2, PG1-1/1, and PG1-2/2 showing the lowest changes in fruit firmness. In addition,we found that changes in fruit firmness were smallest in late-harvest species, even for the same genotype. In contrast, Md-ACO1 appearedto be unrelated to the storability of fruit. Of the 750 apple genetic resources screened, the genotypes ACS1-2/2, and PG1-1/1 or PG1-2/2were detected in 3.6% of accessions, including ‘Fuji’, bud mutation cultivars of ‘Fuji’, ‘Chubu’, and ‘Iwakami’. The Md-ACS1 and Md-PG1markers could have potential utility in assessments of storability and applied in MAS to improve the efficiency of apple breeding.

Lysophosphatidylethanolamine Treatment Delays Leaf Senescence and Improve Fruit Storability in Melon (Cucumis melo L.)

Hong, Ji-Heun Korean Society of Horticultural Science 2012 원예과학기술지 Vol.30 No.2

The influence of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) on anti-senescence of melon leaves and the change in fruit quality during the storage at low temperature were studied. In most of the crops, freshness of leaves is important factor for characteristics of fruits, such as sugar contents, color, and firmness. Melon ($Cucumis$ $melo$ L. cv. Prince) plants were sprayed with LPE at 5 and 3 weeks before commercial harvest. In upper part, LPE treatment showed slight high number of fresh leaf compared to no treatment (None). However, in lower part, LPE resulted in apparent inhibition effect on senescence, showing that lower side of melon plant kept fresh upon LPE application up to about 30%. The SSC of melon treated with LPE was similar to that of fruit from None at harvest. There was no change in soluble solids content (SSC) for all treatment during the storage at $7^{\circ}C$. There were no significant differences in firmness of mesocarp from melons given different treatments at harvest. The firmness of mesocarp from melon treated with LPE was higher than none after 2 weeks storage. The electrolyte leakage means for melon treated with LPE did not differ significantly from the means at initial storage after 2 weeks storage among the treatments. None increased 57% from its initial electrolyte leakage during storage. These results suggest that the application of LPE may have potential to inhibit senescence of leaves and maintain fruit quality during the storage in melon.

Lysophosphatidylethanolamine Treatment Delays Leaf Senescence and Improve Fruit Storability in Melon (Cucumis melo L.)

Ji Heun Hong 한국원예학회 2012 원예과학기술지 Vol.30 No.2

The influence of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) on anti-senescence of melon leaves and the change in fruit quality during the storage at low temperature were studied. In most of the crops, freshness of leaves is important factor for characteristics of fruits, such as sugar contents, color, and firmness. Melon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Prince) plants were sprayed with LPE at 5 and 3 weeks before commercial harvest. In upper part, LPE treatment showed slight high number of fresh leaf compared to no treatment (None). However, in lower part, LPE resulted in apparent inhibition effect on senescence, showing that lower side of melon plant kept fresh upon LPE application up to about 30%. The SSC of melon treated with LPE was similar to that of fruit from None at harvest. There was no change in soluble solids content (SSC) for all treatment during the storage at 7℃. There were no significant differences in firmness of mesocarp from melons given different treatments at harvest. The firmness of mesocarp from melon treated with LPE was higher than none after 2 weeks storage. The electrolyte leakage means for melon treated with LPE did not differ significantly from the means at initial storage after 2 weeks storage among the treatments. None increased 57% from its initial electrolyte leakage during storage. These results suggest that the application of LPE may have potential to inhibit senescence of leaves and maintain fruit quality during the storage in melon.

Lysophosphatidylethanolamine Treatment Delays Leaf Senescence and Improve Fruit Storability in Melon (Cucumis melo L.)

홍지흔 한국원예학회 2012 원예과학기술지 Vol.30 No.2

The influence of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) on anti-senescence of melon leaves and the change in fruit quality during the storage at low temperature were studied. In most of the crops, freshness of leaves is important factor for characteristics of fruits, such as sugar contents, color, and firmness. Melon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Prince) plants were sprayed with LPE at 5 and 3 weeks before commercial harvest. In upper part, LPE treatment showed slight high number of fresh leaf compared to no treatment (None). However, in lower part, LPE resulted in apparent inhibition effect on senescence, showing that lower side of melon plant kept fresh upon LPE application up to about 30%. The SSC of melon treated with LPE was similar to that of fruit from None at harvest. There was no change in soluble solids content (SSC) for all treatment during the storage at 7°C. There were no significant differences in firmness of mesocarp from melons given different treatments at harvest. The firmness of mesocarp from melon treated with LPE was higher than none after 2 weeks storage. The electrolyte leakage means for melon treated with LPE did not differ significantly from the means at initial storage after 2 weeks storage among the treatments. None increased 57% from its initial electrolyte leakage during storage. These results suggest that the application of LPE may have potential to inhibit senescence of leaves and maintain fruit quality during the storage in melon.

Outer Fruit Features Related with Fruit Quality in ‘Niitaka’ Pear Fruits

Yong-Hee Kwon,Hee-Seung Park,Hae-Woong Jung,Jung-Dae Jin,Jae-Young Lee 한국원예학회 2006 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.47 No.2

‘Niitaka’ pear fruits were collected from some chief producing districts from 2004 to 2005 to establish the distributing status of fruit weight and Brix degree. Fruit weight seemed to be susceptible to environmental conditions as well as cultural practices, because it showed various results in distributing status according to harvesting season. On the other hand, flesh firmness seemed to be less affected by outer conditions, because it showed higher frequency in 11.0 to 13.0 degree regardless of harvesting season. Additionally, certain trials were conducted to evaluate Brix degree and flesh firmness through observing outer fruit features. Fruit size, weight, length, diameter, and volume had positive correlation with Brix degree. Stalk cavity shape (SCS) improved their reliance and had its own relationship with Brix degree. Analyzing fruit skin color with Hunter value or Red, Green, and Blue (RGB) value, ‘a’ in Hunter value and ‘R’ in RGB value performed higher reliance with Brix degree (r = 0.412<SUP>**</SUP> and 0.426<SUP>**</SUP>). Considering those factors with SCS made their reliance higher (r = 0.531<SUP>**</SUP> and 0.564<SUP>**</SUP>). However, those factors like outer fruit features and fruit skin color by Hunter or RGB value failed to show the reliable relationship with flesh firmness. Introducing SCS also failed to improve their significance.

Evaluation of Bread Baking Quality of Korean Winter Wheat over Years and Locations

Hong, Byung-Hee,Park, Chul-Soo,Baik, Byung-Kee The Korean Society of Crop Science 2002 Korean journal of crop science Vol.47 No.1

Bread baking parameters and relationships between bread baking properties and flour characteristics were evaluated for two years, 1997 and 1998, and at two locations, Suwon and Deokso, with Korean winter wheat cultivars and lines. Among the bread baking parameters, lightness of crumb grain showed differences between years. No significant differences were found in dough mixing time, bread loaf volume, crumb grain score or firmness. Keumkangmil, Suwon 278 and Tapdongmil showed higher bread loaf volume, good structure of crumb grain and softer crumb firmness. However, compared to commercial flours for baking, cultivar means averaged over years and locations of nineteen Korean winter wheats showed poor bread baking quality because of low protein content and unsuitable protein quality. Protein content and flour swelling volume showed better relationships with the bread baking parameters than other flour characteristics. Friabilin-absence lines showed softer crumb firmness than those of friabilin-presence lines.

Evaluation of Bread Baking Quality of Korean Winter Wheat over Years and Locations

Chul Soo Park,Byung-Kee Baik,Byung Hee Hong 韓國作物學會 2002 Korean journal of crop science Vol.47 No.1

Bread baking parameters and relationships between bread baking properties and flour characteristics were evaluated for two years, 1997 and 1998, and at two locations, Suwon and Deokso, with Korean winter wheat cultivars and lines. Among the bread baking parameters, lightness of crumb grain showed differences between years. No significant differences were found in dough mixing time, bread loaf volume, crumb grain score or firmness. Keumkangmil, Suwon 278 and Tapdongmil showed higher bread loaf volume, good structure of crumb grain and softer crumb firmness. However, compared to commercial flours for baking, cultivar means averaged over years and locations of nineteen Korean winter wheats showed poor bread baking quality because of low protein content and unsuitable protein quality. Protein content and flour swelling volume showed better relationships with the bread baking parameters than other flour characteristics. Friabilin-absence lines showed softer crumb firmness than those of friabilin-presence lines