Solvent-free microwave extraction of essential oil from dried patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth) leaves

Heri Septya Kusuma,Ali Altway,Mahfud Mahfud 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.58 No.-

Solvent-free microwave extraction method was first employed to extract essential oil from dried patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth) leaves. The effects of solvent-free microwave extraction variables including microwave power, ratio between mass of raw material with volume of distiller (F/D), raw material size and extraction time on the yield of essential oil were investigated. Meanwhile, the effects of solvent-free microwave extraction method in the chemical components of essential oil were also evaluated. The optimized conditions was as follows: microwave power of 450 W, ratio between mass of raw material with volume of distiller (F/D) of 0.06 g/mL, raw material size of intact (4.66 ± 1.41 cm) and extraction time of 90 min. Moreover, the extraction time was sufficient for solvent-free microwave extraction method to obtain higher yield than that using microwave hydrodistillation method for 3 h, indicating a significant reduction of extraction time and an improvement of efficiency. The composition of the essential oil was then determined by GC–MS, and 16 components were identified. The composition of essential oil obtained using solvent-free microwave extraction method meets the quality standard ISO 3757: 2002 (E), and the major component is patchouli alcohol (53.68%). This study suggests that solvent-free microwave extraction method is a rapid and efficient alternative for the extraction of essential oil from dried patchouli (P. cablin Benth) leaves, with a great potential for industrial application.

Solvent Microextraction of Methamphetamine and its Metabolite, Amphetamine, in Urine with Simultaneous Back-Extraction

Sihn, Young-Sihn,Baeck, Seung-Kyung,Kim, Sun-Chun,Park, Yoon Shin,Chung, Hee-Sun 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2002 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.34 No.-

Extraction of active compounds from natural products using microwave assisted solvent extraction

전길송,김다빈,김형진,홍인권,이승범 한국공업화학회 2016 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2016 No.0

Recently as the entry to the acceleration of the aging society, the interest in methods for increasing the healthy life expectancy is increasing. In this regard, interest in natural antioxidant substances in the body is also increased. But. the extraction efficiency has been lowered by the uniform application of the existing traditional extraction method. Therefore, it is necessary to increase efficiency of the extraction of active compounds from natural products. For this reason, was used for microwave assisted solvent extraction method that has the advantage of minimization of solvent use, energy-saving, time savings in accordance with the processing time shortened. In this study, to supplement the drawback of solvent hot water extraction it was used in an existing by using a microwave assisted solvent extraction. In addition, finally it was quantified according to the optimized extraction efficiency of the microwave assisted solvent extraction.

석탄용매추출법의 석탄과 용매 간 상호작용 및 영향인자 연구

김기홍,조희찬,이시훈 한국자원공학회 2010 한국자원공학회지 Vol.47 No.2

Coal solvent extraction is one of clean coal technologies that involves extraction of organic matter from coal using solvents. Although there were many studies on coal solvent extraction since the early 1900s, characteristics of coal/solvent interaction have not been clearly understood yet. Therefore, in this study, coal solvent extractions were performed for seven coal samples in various solvents using Soxhlet extraction. The test results were analyzed to identify relationships between the extraction yield and coal characteristics and solvent properties. Positive correlations were found with C%, H%, O% of coal, and polar force, DN-AN value of solvent, while negative correlations were found with the dispersion force and the hydrogen bonding force of solvent. This information was used to develop a regression equation for predicting the extraction yield from a few determining factors associated with coal and solvent properties. 석탄용매추출법은 용매를 이용하여 석탄의 유기성분만을 추출하는 청정석탄제조기술 중의 하나이다. 석탄의 용매추출에 대해서는 많은 연구가 진행되어 왔으나 일부 특성에 대한 산발적인 보고만 있을 뿐, 석탄과 용매 사이의 상호작용은 아직까지 명확하게 밝혀지지가 않았다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 석탄 7종을 6종류의 용매에 추출시켜 다양한 석탄의 화학적 특성과 용매의 특성들이 추출 반응에 미치는 영향을 분석하였고, 산출된 추출률과 각각의 석탄, 용매 특성들을 다중회귀분석함으로써 석탄, 용매의 특성과 추출률 간의 상호 연관성을 통계적으로 분석하였다. 본 연구의 수행 결과, 석탄의 탄소, 수소, 산소 함유량이 용매추출반응과 밀접한 관계를 가지고 있고 특히 수소함유량에 가장 큰 영향을 받는다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 또한 용매 특성과 추출률의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 용매의 전자공여수와 전자수여수의 차이값(DN-AN)과 극성력에 +영향을, 분산력과 수소결합력에 -영향을 받는다는 것을 알 수 있었으며 이를 토대로 추출률 산출식을 도출할 수 있었다.

Coal and solvent properties and their correlation with extraction yield under mild conditions

Heechan Cho,Kihong Kim,Si Hyun Lee,Myoungwook Mun,Deayang Lee 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.7

Coal solvent extraction is a clean coal technology that involves the extraction of organic matter from coal using solvents. In this study, the effects of various coal and solvent properties on extraction yield were studied and their correlations were observed. Solvent extraction was performed for fifteen coal samples of different ranks with eight solvents under mild conditions. Statistical analyses were then conducted to find correlations between the extraction yields and the coal and solvent characteristics. The extraction yield was strongly correlated with the atomic H/C ratio or volatile matter content. Among the solvent properties, the correlation between the electron donor, acceptor number (DNAN) and yield was confirmed to be high. The results of multiple regression showed that positive correlations were found with the content of volatile matter of coal and polar force, DN-AN of solvent. Whereas negative correlations were found with the Ca/Mg content of coal and dispersion force, hydrogen bonding force of solvent. The regressionequation- calculated value was similar to the experimental value.

바이오매스로부터 파클리탁셀 회수를 위한 전통적 용매 추출, 마이크로웨이브를 이용한 추출, 초음파를 이용한 추출 방법 비교

김진현,Kim, Jin-Hyun 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.58 No.2

본 연구에서는 바이오매스로부터 파클리탁셀 회수를 위한 전통적 용매 추출(conventional solvent extraction, CSE), 마이크로웨이브를 이용한 추출(microwave-assisted extraction, MAE), 초음파를 이용한 추출(ultrasound-assisted extraction, UAE) 방법을 비교하였다. 추출 용매 종류(아세톤, 클로로포름, 에탄올, 메탄올, 메틸렌 클로라이드)에 따른 영향을 조사한 결과, 메탄올이 모든 추출 방법에서 가장 적합하였다. 메탄올을 이용한 MAE와 UAE의 경우, 단 1회의 추출로 대부분의 파클리탁셀 회수(>95%)가 가능하였다. 또한 MAE와 UAE의 경우 추출 온도(25-45 ℃), 마이크로웨이브 파워(50-150 W), 초음파 파워(180-380 W)의 증가에 따라 파클리탁셀 회수율이 증가하였다. 또한 SEM 분석을 통해 바이오매스 표면을 조사한 결과, 표면 구조가 CSE의 경우에는 조금 주름진 형태를 보인 반면 MAE와 UAE의 경우에는 강한 충격으로 매우 거칠고 파괴된 형태를 보였다. In this study, conventional solvent extraction (CSE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) were compared for the recovery of paclitaxel from biomass. As a result of investigating the effect of the extraction solvent type (acetone, chloroform, ethanol, methanol, methylene chloride), methanol was the most suitable for all extraction methods. In the case of MAE and UAE using methanol, most of the paclitaxel (> 95%) was recovered by only one extraction. The recovery rate of paclitaxel increased with the increase of extraction temperature (25-45 ℃), microwave power (50-150 W), and ultrasonic power (180-380 W) for MAE and UAE. In addition, SEM analysis showed that the biomass surface structure was slightly corrugated in CSE, while in the MAE and UAE, it was very rough and destroyed by strong impact.

해삼의 생리활성물질 추출 용매분획에 따른 연구

김용신(Kim-Yong Shin) 한국응용과학기술학회 (구.한국유화학회) 2021 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.38 No.1

본 연구에서는 해삼속의 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드의 생리활성물질을 추출하기 위한 용매분획의 수율을 확인하고자 연구를 시도하였다. 이미 보고된 사례에서 50%에탄올 추출 용매분획은 해삼 항산화물질의 높은 수율 결과로 확인되었다. 해삼의 항산화물질 추출량을 결정짓는 것은 추출에 적용된 추출 용매분획의 결과로 확인되었다. 또한 ‘추출용매에 따라 해삼생리활성 항산화물질 추출함량이 크게 차이가 있다.’는 선행연구를 통해 용매분획추출에 관한 필요성의 결과를 얻었다. 50%에탄올 추출 용매분획의 해삼추출물에 포함된 페놀물질의 높은 항산화성분 추출 결과가 증명되었다. 추출용매분획 연구사례에서 수율이 가장 저조한 아세트산에틸 용매분획은 다른 용매분획에 비해 높은 페놀함량을 수확하여 항산화효과가 확인되었다. 이에, 추출 용매분획물의 적용에 따른 수율변화를 통해 항산화추출물의 높은 수율에 미치는 영향을 확인 하였다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 50%에탄올 용매의 최적화된 해삼생리활성물질 추출 용매분획으로 검증되었다. In this study, a study was attempted to confirm the yield of the solvent fraction for extracting physiologically active substances of polyphenols and flavonoids in sea cucumber. In the previously reported cases, the 50% ethanol extraction solvent fraction was confirmed as a result of high yield of sea cucumber antioxidants. The determination of the amount of antioxidants extracted from sea cucumber was confirmed as a result of the extraction solvent fraction applied to the extraction. In addition, the necessity of extraction of the solvent fraction was obtained through a previous study that ‘there is a significant difference in the content of sea cucumber physiologically active antioxidants extracted depending on the extraction solvent.’ The results of extracting high antioxidants from the phenolic substances contained in the sea cucumber extract of the 50% ethanol extraction solvent fraction were demonstrated. In the study case of extraction solvent fraction, the ethyl acetate solvent fraction, which yielded the lowest, yielded a higher phenol content than other solvent fractions, and the antioxidant effect was confirmed. Accordingly, it was confirmed that the effect on the high yield of the antioxidant extract through the yield change according to the application of the extraction solvent fraction was performed. Therefore, it was verified as an optimized sea cucumber physiologically active substance extraction solvent fraction of 50% ethanol solvent.

Extraction Behavior of Hydrogen Ion by an Ionic Liquid Mixture of Aliquat 336 and Cyanex 272 in Chloride Solution

Minh Nhan Le,손성호,이만승 대한금속·재료학회 2019 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.57 No.3

During the extraction of metal ions from a weak acidic chloride solution by ionic liquids consisting of an organophosphorus extractant and Aliquat 336, the equilibrium pH is sometimes observed to be higher than the initial pH. To compare the hydrogen ion extraction behavior of tertiary and quaternary amines, Alamine 336, Aliquat 336 and their mixture with Cyanex 272, and an ionic liquid (prepared by mixing Cyanex 272 and Aliquat 336, R4NA) were employed in solvent extraction experiments at a pH range from 0.05 to 5. R4NA showed the highest extraction percentage of hydrogen ions. The initial pH of the chloride solution had a great effect on the extraction of hydrogen ions and the equilibrium pH value produced by these extractants. The order of hydrogen ion extraction was R4NA>Alamine 336>mixture of Alamine 336 and Cyanex 272. The addition of sodium chloride improved phase separation. The solvent extraction reaction of hydrogen ions with R4NA in the chloride solution was verified by applying a slope analysis method to the extraction data. UV-Vis and FT-IR spectra indicated a strong interaction between the hydrogen ions and R4NA during the extraction. The obtained results provide some information on the change in solution pH during the extraction of metal ions from weak acidic solution by an ionic liquid (R4NA).

Extraction equilibria of penicillin G in four different types of organic solvent systems

이상철 한국공업화학회 2009 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.15 No.3

Equilibrium experiments for physical and reactive extraction of penicillin G were carried out with varying pH, overall penicillin concentration and overall amine concentration in liquid–liquid extraction systems with four different types of organic solvents, i.e. amphiprotic solvent, hydrogen-bond donor solvent, hydrogen-bond acceptor solvent, and nonpolar organic solvent. Also, physical and reactive extraction equilibrium models were suggested to find the appropriate equilibrium model for each organic solvent type. By comparison between the experimental data and the calculated results from the extraction equilibrium models, the most probable physical and reactive extraction equilibrium models were determined. The physical extraction equilibriummodels for all types of the organic solvents except for nonpolar organic solvent reflected solute–solvent interaction, while the reactive extraction equilibrium models were dependent on the organic solvent type. .

Solvent screening for the separation of ethylbenzene and p-xylene by extractive distillation

주영환,설용건,전유권,Sung wook Row,이기천,Sang-Sun Park,Young-Jong Seo 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.10

Extractive distillation is one of the most effective processes for the separation of ethylbenzene and p-xylene. The goal was to find single solvents or combinations of multi-solvents with good properties while minimizing the ratioof solvent to feed. The distillations were performed at equilibrium to determine the relative volatility of ethylbenzeneto p-xylene with the extractive solvents under isothermal condition. For a single extraction solvent, 1,2,4-trichlo-robenzene had the highest relative volatility at 1.123. In some cases, combinations of two or three solvents were usedas well as different ratios of solvent to feed to investigate the synergy effect of the mixture solvents. The binary solventmixture of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and maleic anhydride (2 : 1) had the best performance with a relative volatility of1.228 at the solvent/feed ratio of 1 : 1. Some of the solvents were further studied at different solvent/feed (S/F) ratios. Selected solvents generally tended to have higher relative volatilities at high S/F ratios, but the operation cost will in-crease. Therefore, it is important to find the proper conditions to optimize the S/F ratio for extractive distillation fromthe industrial point of view.