The Policy Networks of the Korean International Migration Policy: Using Social Network Analysis

김영정,문성진 서울대학교행정대학원 2021 Journal of Policy Studies Vol.36 No.3

This research adds value to the extant international migration policy studies by placing a greater focus on the ‘processes’ of the Korean international migration policy changes. Specifically, this study pays special attention to policy networks in the process of adopting ing the Employment Permit System for Foreigners (EPSF), one of the most important policy changes in Korean international migration policy history. On the basis of the Advocacy Coalition Framework, this research examines the policy network structure that describes the relationships between policy actors at network levels. The results found that the communication network is more hierarchical than the relational network at the global network level, a government-led advocacy coalition was influential in advocating EPSF at the coalition network, and the coordinating role of policy actors such as Office for Government Policy Coordination and New Millennium Democratic Party was significant in the policy process at the egocentric network level.

기후변화 정책 리터러시(policy literacy) 영향 요인 분석

윤영석,윤지웅 경희대학교 사회과학연구원 2018 사회과학연구 Vol.44 No.3

In this study, the factors affecting the literacy of climate change policy were classified into socio-demographic variables and policy problem recognition variables. As a socio-demographic factor, gender, age and income level had a positive effect on policy literacy, and educational level and political orientation were not statistically significant. Next, as a policy problem recognition variables, the understanding of policy problems, perceived seriousness of policy problems, and the perceived necessity of policy responses to policy literacy were examined. subjective understanding of the policy problem and the severity have a positive effect on the policy literacy and the influence of subjective understanding level is greater than that of objective understanding level. The perception of the necessity to respond to the risk was found to have a significant impact on the policy literacy in the individual dimension. This study suggests that it is necessary to raise public awareness of issues in the formulation and implementation of government policies. 본 연구는 기후변화 정책 리터러시에 영향을 미치는 요인을 인구사회학적 변인과 정책문제 인식 변인으로 구분하여 고찰하였고 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 인구사회학적 요인으로서 성별, 연령, 소득수준은 정책 리터러시에 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있으며, 교육수준과 정치성향은 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 다음으로 정책문제 인식 요인으로서 정책문제에 대한 이해수준, 정책문제의 심각성 인식, 정책적 대응의 필요성 인식이 정책 리터러시에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 분석결과 문제에 대한 주관적 이해수준과 심각성에 대한 인식은 관련 정책 리터러시에 정(+)의 영향을 주었으며, 객관적 이해수준보다 주관적 이해수준의 영향력이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 위험에 대한 대응 필요성 인식은 개인적 차원에서의 필요 인식이 정책 리터러시에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 그간 다루지 않았던 정책문제 인식 요인의 영향력을 규명함으로써 정부 정책의 수립과 집행에 있어 공공의 문제 인식을 제고하는 계기가 선행되어야 함을 제시하고 있다는데 의의가 있다.

Just like Korea in the 1970s? Slow Policy Transfer and the Fiction of Familiarity

Cuz Potter 국제개발협력학회 2019 국제개발협력연구 Vol.11 No.4

Purpose: Practitioners are often tempted to accelerate the policy transfer process by taking shortcuts on the basis of reductive comparisons between donor and recipient. This, however, often hinders the effectiveness of policy transfer. To improve the policy transfer process and thereby the policies implemented, this paper introduces an actor-network theoretical approach to understanding policy transfer. By employing Korea’s Knowledge Sharing Program (KSP) as a case, the paper also seeks to increase the effectiveness of policy transfer from Korea to its development partners. Originality: This paper contributes to the literature on policy transfer by introducing and adapting the Translation model of scientific knowledge production to policy transfer. This model allows for an enriched understanding of knowledge production in the policy transfer process and introduces the notion of “slow policy”. Methodology: The paper adopts a multimethodological approach. It first draws on World Development Indicators to compare Korea’s historical conditions with its development partners’ contemporary conditions. It then employs the science and technology studies literature to develop an improved model of policy transfer. Finally, existing literature is employed to apply this model to the KSP. Result: This article establishes first that Korea in its development decades was substantially different from its priority development partners today. It then introduces “slow policy”, which entails deeper engagement with recipients in formulating problems, conducting analyses, and developing more robust policies. Conclusion and Implication: The slow policy model suggests that time constraints inhibit the KSP’s capacity for producing co-learning outcomes and for developing truly custom-tailored policy recommendations. Slowing down implementation and extending personnel exchanges would produce deeper mutual learning, improve policy recommendations and implementation, and cultivate a new generation of experts.

정책개발 방법론으로서 영국과 핀란드의 폴리시랩 (Policy Lab) 탐색: 스포츠정책에의 함의를 중심으로

조현주 한국체육정책학회 2020 한국체육정책학회지 Vol.18 No.2

The purpose of this research is to review recent innovative policy development methodology in developed countries such as UK and Finland from the concepts to the approach of implementation of the real field. This will lead to this review for obtaining some insights in Korean Sport Policy development, since the concept of ‘Innovation’ in suppose to be used in certain direction. One of the way of particular application of this theme is ‘Policy Lab’ which is generally used in UK and Finland for developing some policies. Therefore, this research would like to see in details of the operating process and planning itself of Policy lab in each country. By look into the details of ‘Policy Lab’, the themes what this policy research and planning organization can perform and how it will affect to the society can be shown. This research concludes three direction of the insights what this policy lab can archived. The first is critical perspective of understanding and interpreting real world. The methodological character for this process is design and evidence based approach. The second is policy development by the policy consumer. Individuals in the society need to be involved in the process of policy development since they are the one who will be affected by this policy enormously. The lase insight from the case of UK and Finland is National wise cultural perception of ‘Sport as part of Public Policy matter.

정책네트워크 이론을 이용한 간호사 확보를 위한 정책과정 분석

고유경 ( Yukyung Ko ),박보현 ( Bohyun Park ) 한국보건행정학회 2015 보건행정학회지 Vol.25 No.2

Background: Policy network theory was proved to be an appropriate analytic tool for the current social welfare policy making process. This study aimed to analyze policy making process related to the nurse expansion and policy output while focusing on the interactions and activities among various policy actors. Methods: In this study, we used reports related to the need for expansion of nursing personnel journals, dissertations, newspaper articles, for hearings and debate policies for securing nurse data, and interviews. We examined three components of policy network, that is, policy actors, interactions, linkage of interest. Results: For that to expand the nurse before the 2000s in expanding the supply of medical supplies have been conducted without much disagreement among policy actors under the government’s initiative. However, there was lacked a close relationship between the expanding supply of nurses and inaccurate analysis of supply and demand. As the policy is applied between the various policy actors’ needs and claims, conflict was intensified and many policy options had been developed. Government only took a role as a coordinator among policy actors in the 2000’s. Also, it was difficult to find sufficient and clear evidence that policy-making process based on fair judgment. Conclusion: Therefore, it is urgently required to determine the policy through a social consensus to address the appropriate policy means and the process by correct analysis of the policy issues.

과학기술 규제개혁 정책의 결정과정 분석: ICT융합 산업의 규제샌드박스 정책 사례

최나윤,이찬구 한국국정관리학회 2022 현대사회와 행정 Vol.32 No.2

This study analyzes the policy making process of ICT convergence industry’s regulatory sandbox in order to review characteristics and contexts of scientific technology regulatory reform policy that was caused by the process of the fourth industrial revolution. For the analysis, the enactment period of 「Special Act on Promotion of Information and Communication and Revitalization of Convergence, etc.」, which is a base law of ICT convergence industry’s regulatory sandbox, into Period 1 and Period 2, and each period is analyzed with the use of Kingdon’s multiple streams model. The results show that in the presidential elections of the two periods, the window of policy was open to a strong candidate’s campaign and election. The political tendency of the Period 1 showed irrational policy making with the combination of policy alternative and policy problem tendency, and no policy leader appeared. Nevertheless, in Period 2, the president of Korea appeared as a policy leader. Regarding the theoretical implications, the exactness of multiple streams model was identified in analyzing decision making process of ICT convergence industry regulatory reform policy. There was irrational policy making that political mainstream involved policy problems and alternatives, and the political mainstream was confirmed to become a basis and background of the advent of policy leader and the exertion of competence, so the importance of political mainstream highlighted by multiple streams model was recognized. Regarding the policy implications, it was confirmed that there could be an effectiveness problem of scientific technology regulatory reform policy unless the importance of horizontal and vertical governance in the scientific technology regulatory reform policy, and value acceptance of relevant ministries in the policy making process are considered. 본 연구는 제4차 산업혁명의 진행으로 유발된 과학기술 규제개혁 정책의 특징과 맥락을 검토하기 위하여 ICT융합 산업의 규제샌드박스 정책을 대상으로 결정과정을 분석하였다. 분석을 위하여 ICT융합 산업의 규제샌드박스 기반 법인 「정보통신융합법」의 제정기를 1기로, 개정기를 2기로 구분하고, 각 시기별로 Kingdon의 다중흐름모형을 활용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과 두 시기 모두 대선에서 유력 후보자의 공약과 대통령 당선으로 정책의 창이 열렸다. 1기에서는 정치의 흐름으로 정책대안과 정책문제의 흐름이 결합되는 비합리적 정책결정이 나타났으며, 정책선도자가 등장하지 않았다. 그러나 2기에서는 대통령이 정책선도자로 등장하였다. 이론적 시사점으로 ICT융합 산업 분야 규제개혁 정책의 결정과정 분석에서 다중흐름 모형의 적실성을 확인하였다. 정치의 흐름이 정책문제와 대안을 결부시키는 비합리적 정책결정이 나타났으며, 정치의 흐름이 정책선도자가 등장하고 역량을 발휘하는 근거와 배경이 된 것을 확인하여 다중흐름모형이 강조하는 정치의 흐름의 중요성을 인식할 수 있었다. 정책적 시사점으로는 과학기술 규제개혁 정책에서 수평적・수직적 거버넌스의 중요성과 정책결정 과정에서 관계부처의 가치수용성을 고려하지 못할 시에는 과학기술 규제개혁 정책의 실효성 문제가 발생할 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다.

Policy Competition and Conflict in Korean Local Governments: Determinants and Time Lags by Policy Types

이은미 사단법인 한국평화연구학회 2015 평화학연구 Vol.16 No.6

The purpose of this study is to analyze policy competition and conflict behaviors by policy types in Korean local governments. This paper answers three research questions. First, what causal conditions influence policy adoption in Korean local governments? The configurations of policy determinants are examined by a fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). Second, what are different causal conditions for policy types? By Peterson’s three policy types, causal configurations of each type are compared. Third, which conditions do affect the time lag of policy adoption in Korean local governments? The time lag of policy adoption among the three policies is estimated, and the causal conditions are compared among them. For the analysis, pooled time series data are generated by combining the data sets between 2003 and 2012. The results show that the causal combinations of the policy adoption are as follows: developmental policy adoption is affected by political factors and economic characteristics influence redistributive policy adoption. Allocational policy adoption reflects both socioeconomic and political aspects. In the time lag analysis, local governments adopt policies in order of allocational, redistributive and developmental policies. The results partially agree with Peterson’s scheme and show the various configurative explanations for policy adoption by systematic comparisons of the adoption behaviors of each policy type in Korean local governments.

경기도사이버도서관 설립의 정책형성과정 분석: 킹던의 정책흐름모형을 중심으로

추윤미,김기영 한국정보관리학회 2013 정보관리학회지 Vol.30 No.3

본 연구에서는 개관 이래 지난 10여 년간 경기도 내 공공도서관의 발전의 중심 역할을 담당해 온 경기도사이버도서관 설립을 위한 의제설정 및 정책형성과정을 킹던(Kingdon)의 정책흐름모형을 적용하여 분석하였다. 킹던에 의하면 정책 형성은 문제의 흐름, 정책대안의 흐름 그리고 정치 흐름의 결합의 결과이며, 세 흐름이 결합될 때 열린 정책의 창을 통해 정책이슈가 정책의제로 나아간다. 이 때 정책선도자는 정책의 창에서 선호하는 대안을 제시하고 그것이 정책의 창을 통과하도록 노력한다. 본 연구에서는 경기도사이버도서관 정책의 의제설정과 대안의 선택 과정에서 문제의 흐름, 정치의 흐름, 그리고 정책의 흐름을 분석하고 정책의 창에서 정책선도자로서의 사서전문가집단이 어떤 역할을 했는지 분석하였다. 이러한 분석을 통해 정책형성과정의 메커니즘을 밝힘으로써 사서전문가집단이 앞으로의 도서관 정책형성과정에서 적용할 수 있는 시사점을 제시하였다. In this study, we analyze the agenda setting and policy making process of the establishment of Gyeonggido Cyber Library, which has played an important role for development of public libraries in Gyeonggido since its launching, based on Kingdon’s policy streams model. According to the model, policy formation is described as the result from the convergence of the three streams, such as problem, policy and politics streams. When these streams converge on a specific time point, a policy window is created so that the issues become policy agenda. At this moment, policy entrepreneurs propose their alternatives, which have been prepared already, and try to pass it through the window. We identify coupling of the streams in the policy window and the role of policy entrepreneurs in the process of agenda setting and selection of alternatives of Gyeonggido Cyber Library policy. Suggestions are provided based on the analysis for public policy formation in public libraries domain.

정책네트워크를 통해 본 라오스 기후변화 적응정책의 형성과정과 변화

이주형 ( Joohyung Lee ),윤순진 ( Sun-Jin Yun ) 한국정책학회 2015 한국정책학회보 Vol.24 No.4

This study analyzed formation of and changes in climate change adaptation policy from the perspective of policy network through in-depth interviews with domestic and foreign policy actors in Laos, one of the most representative least developed countries, in order to identify the influencing factors of policy networks and interactions among main policy actors. It turned out that the flow of climate change adaptation policy in Laos can be divided into three periods. The first period of policy agenda-setting in which the Science, Technology and Environment Agency played as a focal point was the period of preparatory for the development of adaptation policy with a low level of interest in climate change adaptation. The second period of policy-making in which the Water Resource and Environment Administration led climate adaptation policy making process brought the establishment of the first climate change adaptation report called the National Adaptation Programmes of Action and the beginning of the development of climate change adaptation policy with diverse policy actors. The third period of policy-adopting when the Ministry of Natural Resource and Environment has led policy-making process brought the establishment of the Department of Disaster Management and Climate Change as an independent department in charge of climate change. This department mediated the cooperations among the policy actors. To conclude, this study shows that the capacity-building with establishing the independent organization in charge of climate change, the adaptation policy-making based on the international development cooperations with international actors, and the creation of the sub-sectoral working group for climate change and environment of the Round Table Meeting worked as main influential factors and brought changes in climate adaptation policy networks. This study result implies that support for climate adaptation capacity building of developing countries from a long-term perspective is essential, while supporting training manpower and establishing organizations dedicated to climate change adaptation in order to effectively support adaptation policy formation and strategy development of the least developed countries including Laos.

공공정책과정의 가치와 공공관계

박근후 한국정치커뮤니케이션학회 2013 정치커뮤니케이션 연구 Vol. No.

Values of public policy are classified in 4 levels here. The most significant value is 'human dignity'. The second level values are public interest,justice, freedom, equality. Third level values are validity, relevance,representativeness, democracy, responsiveness, acceptability, equilibrium,humanity, and equity. The fourth level values are legality, efficiency,economy, effectiveness, productivity, rationalism. I tried to classify the values which should be treated important in each policy process - policy formation, policy implementation, and policy outcome. Validity, relevance, representativeness, and democracy are important in the policy formation process. Responsiveness, acceptability and democracy are important in the policy implementation process. Equilibrium, humanity, and equity are important in the policy outcome process. The public relations should function differently in each policy process. Government manage the public relations carry out the democracy,representativeness, expression, and perception function in the policy formation process. Democracy means that government have to guarantee for citizen to participate in the policy formation process. Representativeness means government have to reflect the will of the poor. Expression means that public relations help citizen voice their opinion to the policy and perception is people recognize the policy through public relations which will be formulated. In the policy implementation process, public relations promote government's response to the will of the citizen, make citizen to prefer the policy and accept the policy. In the policy outcome process, government explain the effect of policy outcome and coordinate with citizen about the policy which will be made in the future though public relations. The contribution of this article are two points. First, I classified the values of public policy based on the policy process-policy formation,policy implementation, and policy outcome. Second, public relations should function differently in each policy process. 이 논문은 공공정책을 통해 중요시해야 할 가치를 계층화시켜보았다. 계층은 4단계로 구분하였으며 인간존엄성의 추구 - 상위가치로 정의, 공익, 자유, 평등 - 정책과정의가치로 형성과정에서의 타당성, 적실성, 대표성, 민주성, 집행과정의 민주성, 수용성, 반응성, 정책결과단계의 균형성, 인본성, 형평성 - 수단적 가치로 합법성, 능률성, 경제성,효과성, 생산성, 합리성 등이다. 이 중 정책과정에서의 가치와 공공관계의 역할에 관심을 가졌다. 정책의 과정을 정책형성과정, 집행과정, 정책산출과정으로 나누어 각 과정에서 중요시해야 할 가치를 분류하였으며, 각 과정에서 실현해야 하는 가치에 따라 공공관계는어떻게 형성되어야 하는 지를 살펴보았다.