The Need and Possibility of Learner-Based Credit System

( Eunhye Lee ),( Gayoung Yoon ),( Innwoo Park ) 한국교육공학회 2016 한국교육공학회 학술대회발표자료집 Vol.2016 No.1

Currently, Korean credit system in Universities is based on lecture hours per week by each subject, but this credit system has a couple of problems. First, it doesn``t recognize the student workload required to complete all learning activities such as attending lectures, private study, preparation of projects and taking examination by each learner to complete a subject. Second, in spite of the same subject name and credit, there can be a wide variation in learning workload according to the instructional design and assessment method. Third, in this credit system, it is hard to ensure that the quality of the program, because credits aren``t express clear information concerning the level, volume and outcomes of learning. To solve these problems, it should be improved to a learner-based credit system on the basis of workload and learning outcome. This article will explore the need and possibility to implement the learning-based credit system ECTS to Korean universities. We will identify through simple interviews how big the workload gap is among multiple courses with the same credits, and examine the difference from actual credits when converted to the current ECTS. Furthermore, we will examine other issues of the current credit system in Korea, and explore whether it would be possible to implement the learning-based credit system in Korean universities by suggesting required studies for the future.

Pharmacology and adverse effects of new psychoactive substances: synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists

Eun Yong Chung,Hye Jin Cha,Hyun Kyu Min,Jaesuk Yun 대한약학회 2021 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.44 No.4

Over the last decade, new psychoactive substances(NPS) have continuously been the focus of the internationalsociety since their emergence on the illicit drugmarket. NPS can be classifi ed into six groups including; syntheticcannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs), stimulants,opioids, dissociatives, sedatives/hypnotics, and classic hallucinogenswith psychoactive eff ects. These are sold as “herbalincense,” “bath salts,” “legal highs,” and “research chemicals”. They can be synthesized easily with slight changes inthe chemical moieties of known psychoactive substances. NPS are sold worldwide via on- and off -line markets withoutproper scientifi c evaluation regarding their safety or harmfulness. Abuse of NPS poses a serious public health issue,and systematic studies on their adverse eff ects are lacking. Therefore, it would be meaningful to collect currently availabledata in order to understand NPS and to establish viablesolutions to cope with the various health issues related tothem. In this article, we reviewed the general pharmacologicalcharacteristics, recent fi ndings, and adverse eff ectsof representative NPS; SCRAs. SCRAs are known as themost commonly abused NPS. Most SCRAs, cannabinoidreceptor 1 and cannabinoid receptor 2 agonists, are often associated with severe toxicities, including cardiotoxicity,immunotoxicity, and even death, unlike natural cannabinoidΔ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol.

Reverse Search Strategy Based Optimization Technique to Economic Dispatch Problems with Multiple Fuels

Prakash Arumugam,Madhavan Panchapakesan,Sudhakar Balraj,Ravichandran Coimbatore Subramanian 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.2

This research article constitutes an effi cient way to extract the minimum fuel cost for the economic dispatch problem considering multiple fuel options along with valve point eff ects. In general one convex cost function for one generator is assumed. The piecewise quadratic cost function is represented by selecting the convex cost function more than one for a generator. A new approach referred as Power Search Algorithm (PSA) based on reverse search strategy is suggested along with various constraints in ED. The proposed algorithm has been evaluated on a ten unit multi-fuel system for various power demands with diff erent fuel input options. The outcomes acquired from the simulation are of good quality and furthermore it reveals that the proposed algorithm performs superior than the various algorithms discussed.

Stability Analysis of Frame Having FG Tapered Beam–Column

M. Rezaiee-Pajand,Amir R. Masoodi 한국강구조학회 2019 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.19 No.2

This study focuses on the analysis of the tapered beam–column having functionally graded section. By using two diff erent methods, the substantial eff ects of the coupling–extensional bending of this structure are considered. Both second-order eff ects and fl exibility of connections are considered in the analysis. The suggested exact stiff ness matrix is very general and suitable for analyzing any plane frame, which has non-prismatic members and various types of connections. By using this formulation, the frame stability analysis of the FG beam with power function will be performed. Furthermore, the eff ects of semi-rigid connections and supports on the buckling load of 2D frames will be studied. Finally, comparing the new responses with the available solutions shows the accuracy, effi ciency and capabilities of the proposed stiff ness matrix. In addition, some new problems, including 2D frame, especially gabled frame, are solved using authors’ schemes.

The Effect of Nonlinear Behavior of Bolted Connections on Dynamic Analysis of Steel Transmission Towers

Davoud Nezamolmolki,Ahmad Shooshtari 한국강구조학회 2021 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.21 No.2

Transmission towers are kinds of complex lattice structures which aff ects their accurate modeling and analysis and brings about some problems in the prediction of their actual behavior. For this reason, full-scale experiments are usually applied for transmission towers to examine their resistance and control their behavior. In this paper, the displacements of a transmission tower in the full-scale test, including eff ective parameters such as geometric and material nonlinearity and joint slip eff ect are attained applying the developed nonlinear analysis software. These displacements for four cases of analysis: linear, geometric nonlinear, geometric and material nonlinear and lastly, geometric and material nonlinear along with joint slip eff ect are obtained and compared with the results of the full-scale test. In this comparison, the results of geometric and material nonlinear analysis along with joint slip eff ect coincide well with the results of the full-scale experiment which demonstrates the joint slip eff ect importance and the capability of developed software. Finally, the tower natural frequencies are obtained and it is obvious that taking the joint slip eff ect into account of the analysis reduces the natural frequencies of the tower as a signifi cant parameter in the dynamic analysis of these kind of structures either individually or as coupled system along with conductors.

(Field Report)The Bologna Process in the Field: Student (Im)Mobility in European Higher Education -The Case of Translators and Interpreters

Alain Piette 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 2010 통번역학연구 Vol.13 No.2

본 논문은 벨기에 몽스대학 국제통역대학원(Ecole d’Interprètes Internationaux de l’Université de Mons) 학장이 ‘볼로냐 프로세스’ 유럽고등교육 개혁 프로그램을 이행하면서 그 프로그램이 벨기에 불어사용권역과 특히 몽스대의 통역대학원에 어떤 시사점에 주었는지 실제적 경험을 소개한다. 먼저, 볼로냐 프로세스를 소개하고 현재 진행 중인 개혁 과정에 대해 간단히 기술한다. 볼로냐 프로세스의 가장 핵심적인 문제는 유럽지역 학생들이 국가 상호간 문화적 갈등, 언어적, 재정적 부담을 해결하는 것이다. 몽스 통번역대학원은 2004 년 다른 5 개 통번역대학원과 이 프로그램을 가동하여 2009 년 첫 졸업생을 배출했다. 이 프로세스는 국가간 통번역 커리큘럼의 교환과 ECTS 를 통해 학자금 문제를 해결했다. 아직도 많은 대학원이 타 국가의 통번역대학부생들의 자격동등문제를 고민하고 있지만, 이는 몽스대학원이 경험했듯이, 장기적 교육개념에 의하여 개선될 것이다. 아직도 볼로냐 프로세스는 개인이 처리해야 할 재정문제와 학업성취도를 직접 도울 수 없는 한계, 교환학생의 지역언어 및 영어사용문제 등을 지녔지만, 이 프로세스는 통번역 대학과 대학원 학생 교류에 있어서 지난 200 년간 지속해 왔던 에라스무스 장학 프로그램의 현대적 성과라 볼 수 있으며 유럽 교육의 통합적 프로그램을 제시하는 중에 있다 할 것이다.

Generation Expansion Planning for a Real-world Power System: Aiming Towards Cost and Environmental Emission Minimization by Penetrating Huge Renewable Energy Sources

Amosedinakaran S.,Mala K.,Bhuvanesh A.,Kannan S.,Karuppasamy Pandiyan M. 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.6

A power system planning must involve the Electricity demand forecasting (EDF) and Generation expansion planning (GEP) for better operation. The optimal plan should consider both qualitative and quantitative factors such as error, cost and reliability of the power system. In this study, EDF and GEP problem have been solved till the year 2030 for Tamil Nadu, an Indian state. The formulation of EDF problem has been modeled based on the input variables such as population, Gross State domestic product (GSDP) and per capita income, and has been solved using Genetic algorithm (GA), Artifi cial immune system (AIS) and Diff erential evolution (DE). While analyzing the results of EDF problem, DE provides optimal result with Minimum mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Continually, short term (6-year) and long term (12-year) GEP problem have been solved using DE by considering minimization of cost and environmental eff ects as the main objectives. To achieve these objectives, Renewable Energy Sources (RES) have been integrated in diff erent penetration levels such as 0–10%, 10–20%, 20–30%, 30–40%, and 40–50% on GEP problem and its impacts have been investigated. The results of DE have been validated with Dynamic Programing (DP). The outcomes of the study have assisted the power system planners while decision making in introducing Renewable Energy Sources (RES) on a real-world power system.

Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and skin-whitening effects and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds in Korean wild Chrysanthemum flowers via HPLC/UV

소정,이학동,김지현,이상현,임진희 한국원예학회 2024 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.65 No.2

To assess the potential of Korean wild Chrysanthemum fl owers as cosmetic ingredients, this study evaluated the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and skin-whitening activities of extracts from Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum , C. zawadskii var. luci dum , C. zawadskii var. yezoense , and C. makinoi . Subsequently, HPLC analyses were conducted to characterize the phenolic compound contents of these extracts. The Korean wild Chrysanthemum fl owers exhibited strong antioxidant properties, as evidenced by in vitro radical scavenging activity assays. They also exhibited skin-whitening activity by inhibiting melanin contents in α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced B16F10 cells. Notably, C. zawadskii var. lucidum displayed higher antioxidant activity due to its elevated fl avonoid content and potent radical scavenging activity compared to other wild Chry santhemum fl owers. Furthermore, C. makinoi exhibited strong in vitro tyrosinase inhibitory activity and reduced melanin contents in comparison to the other wild Chrysanthemum fl owers. Our fi ndings also confi rmed the antimicrobial activity of the wild Chrysanthemum fl ower extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans . Additionally, our HPLC analyses revealed that C. zawadskii var. lucidum had signifi cantly higher contents of chlorogenic acid, linarin, 3,5-di- O -caff eoylquinic acid, and 4,5-di- O -caff eoylquinic acid. Therefore, Korean wild Chrysanthemum fl owers hold promise as functional cosmetic ingredients due to their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and skin-whitening eff ects, as well as their elevated levels of phenolic compounds.

Pinching in Steel Rack Joints: Numerical Modelling and Eff ects on Structural Response

Federico Gusella,Maurizio Orlando,Paolo Spinelli 한국강구조학회 2019 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.19 No.1

The structural behaviour of beam-to-column joints plays a key role in the seismic response of frame structures. Regarding to steel storage pallet racks, experimental tests have highlighted that the hysteresis loop of their joints is characterized by the pinching, with the consequence of a reduction of the dissipated hysteretic energy and load carrying capacity. In this paper the authors propose a simplifi ed numerical pinching model capable to simulate the mechanical response of beam-tocolumn joints under cyclic loads. To develop and check this model, several comparisons are performed with both literature data and experimental results of laboratory tests. The proposed model is characterised by three links placed in parallel: two “composed links” describe the non-linear bending moment-rotation curve of the joint, and a linear elastic link transfers the axial and shear force from the beam to the column. The model is appropriate for predicting the down-aisle seismic response of rack systems and it can be easily implemented in commercial software packages, commonly used for non-linear seismic vulnerability analyses. Moreover, features of the model can be estimated from a few structural data and it does not require to perform expensive cyclic experimental tests. For a deeper understanding of the eff ects of pinching in the seismic response and to highlight the potentiality of the proposed model a case-study example is also considered. The case-study concerns a rack system, whose beam-to-column joints are modelled using two numerical approaches which diff er in the deterioration of the rotational stiff ness of joints. Non-linear dynamic analyses, with simulated ground acceleration time-histories, have been carried.

Protective effects of l-theanine on rats with dextran sulfate sodium-induced infl ammatory bowel disease

Ling Chen,Wen-jun Xiao,Qiong-xian Yan,Zhi-hua Gong,Sheng Zhang,Li Zeng,Ming Yang,Yan-he Zhou 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.8

The aim of this study is to evaluate the antiinflammatory and protective eff ects of L -theanine in infl ammatorybowel disease (IBD) and to identify the underlyingmolecular mechanisms. Rats were pre-treated with L -theanineat 0, 50, 200, or 800 mg/kg/day. IBD was induced inrats using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Histopathologicalanalysis suggests that L -theanine can suppress DSS-inducedIBD with signifi cant inhibition of infl ammation in large andsmall intestinal tissues. Moreover, the 200 mg/kg/day L -theanine-treated DSS group had higher body and small intestineweights, a lower disease activity index and expression ofinfl ammatory factors than the DSS group without pre-treatment. In RNA sequencing and tandem mass tag labelinganalyses, large number of mRNAs and proteins expressionlevel diff ered when compared with the DSS-induced ratswith and without 200 mg/kg/day L -theanine pre-treatment. Moreover, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathwayanalysis indicates the anti-infl ammatory activities ofL -theanine in DSS-induced IBD, with a high representationof genes in “Cholesterol metabolism” and “Retinol metabolism”pathways. Analysis of protein–protein interaction networksfurther indicates the involvement of these two pathways. These studies suggest that medium-dose L -theaninepre-treatment could ameliorate DSS-induced IBD throughmolecular mechanisms involving cholesterol and retinolmetabolism.