Effectiveness of Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Communication for Construction Projects

Ali Abbas,최민지,서준오,차승현,Heng Li 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.23 No.12

Though computer-mediated communication technologies such as immersive virtual reality (IVR) have recently shown considerablepromise, their effectiveness as methods of communication among the participants in construction projects has yet to be systematically investigated. This study helps fill this gap via a detailed comparison of traditional face-to-face (FtF) discussion of Building Information Modeling (BIM) information displayed on a monitor screen against IVR-based communication with BIM information embedded in the immersive environment. The results of experiments in which groups of participants discussed and chose optimal design options indicated that there is no large statistical difference in IVR-based and FtF communication in terms of discussion quality (level of effectiveness and satisfaction experienced), communication richness (detailed responses and vivid messages), and openness (enjoyableness and open-mindedness) during the communication. However, for the accuracy of communication (information communicated correctly and understood properly), FtF communication was better than IVR-based communication, which is assumed due to weak human-human to interaction in IVR. In addition, the communication appropriateness (behavioral acts such as politeness or social norms), IVR-based communication was significantly less than FtF communication, indicating that communicating with others only seeing virtual avatar could make it difficult to discern participant’ reactions or identify appropriate moments to speak. These results could confirm certain advantages of adopting IVR-based communication while further improvement for real-like interaction between people needs to be made for more effective use of IVR communication.

소통과 사이코드라마 -의사소통 능력 증진을 위한 사이코드라마 활용 방안-

최윤미 ( Yoon Mi Choi ) 한국사이코드라마.소시오드라마학회 2011 한국사이코드라마학회지 Vol.14 No.2

본 연구에서는 언어적 방식과 비언어적 방식을 통해서 이루어지는 대인간 의사소통 양식을 살펴보고 사이코드라마가 의사소통 능력 향상에 기여할 수 있는지를 살펴보았다. 대인간 의사소통을 위해서는 우선 자신의 욕구, 정서, 상태, 태도에 대한 인식, 즉 개인내 소통이 선행되어야 함을 고찰하였다. 이러한 인식은 부정적인 기분을 덜 느끼는 것과 관련될 뿐 아니라 부정적인 기분에서 회복도 빠르게 한다는 연구 결과들을 살펴보았다. 또한 이러한 개인 내 소통은 자존감 증진과도 관련이 되었다. 이러한 연구 결과들은 자신의 정서를 잘 인식하는 것이 타인과의 소통을 원활히 하는 출발점이 되기 때문에 사회적 지지를 얻기 쉽다는 것을 시사하며 따라서 대인간 소통에 있어서 개인의 내적 소통의 결과들, 즉 정서나 태도, 욕구의 인식, 자신에 대한 알아차림은 대단히 중요한 기본적 요인임을 확인하였다. 이러한 관점에서 심리학자들이 대인간, 개인내 소통을 증진시키기 위한 노력을 기울이고 있는 집단 상담 방식의 치료적 측면과 사이코드라마가 가진 기법적 특성이 개인 내 욕구와 태도, 정서를 인식하고 사회적 기술을 증진시켜 대인간 소통을 원활히 하는 데에도 기여할 수 있음을 확인하였다. This is to find ways enhancing communication ability through psychodrama. For this purpose this study reviews communication styles first : verbal vs. nonverbal, intrapersonal communication vs interpersonal communication. To communicate effectively, the person has to aware what he/she wants to communicate, desire, emotion, his/her states, attitudes, etc. first,; intrapersonal communication. Then he/she can transmit what he/she really wants to tell verbally and nonverbally; interpersonal communication. By reviewing various researches this study finds the relationship between interpersonal and intrapersonal communication. As a way to enhance communication ability many psychologists uses various intervention technique. Among them, people can develop one`s communication skills through group psychotherapy. In this study eleven therapeutic factors of group psychotherapy were reviewed to understand therapeutic factors in psychodrama. In conclusion psychodrama can contribute to enhance communication ability both through enhancing self-awareness, that is intrapersonal, and developing interpersonal communication skills.

Influencing Factors on the Satisfaction of Communication with the Elderly in Nurses

MYEONG HWAN YU,JI SOOK KANG 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): This study was performed to utilize for foundation data of research related nursing communication and developing nursing intervention by examining the relationship between nurses" perception of the elderly and communication. Method(s): This study is a descriptive research using a set of questionnaires that examines the relationship between nurses who provide care to the elderly by confirming their perception of the elderly, communication difficulties with the elderly, communication behavior, and satisfaction with communication. After IRB approval, data were collected either face-to-face survey or by online survey. A total of 292 nurses participated in this study. The collected data were analyzed as descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA, Duncan test and Pearson"s Correlation Coefficients, Multiple Regression Analysis by using SPSS/WIN 26 program. Result(s): As a result, a significant correlation was identified between perception of the elderly and communication disorders, communication behavior, and communication satisfaction. We found that nurses who had more positive perceptions about the elderly had less communication disorders, better communication behaviors, and higher communication satisfaction with the elderly. The variables affecting the nurse"s communication satisfaction with the elderly were the perception of the elderly and the communication behavior with the elderly. Conclusion(s): From this result, we suggest that nurses caring for the elderly should receive education on communication methods with elderly to improve their perception. Furthermore, we suggest future studies to improve nurse"s perception of the elderly and communication.

국내 항공사의 커뮤니케이션 품질이 고객만족과 고객 충성도에 미치는 영향: 중국인 승객을 대상으로

김민수,박혜윤 한국서비스경영학회 2019 서비스경영학회지 Vol.20 No.5

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of airline crew communication quality on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty of Chinese passengers. A total of 260 questionnaires were distributed for the analysis of the study. Of these, 244 were used for analysis. The survey period was from January to March 2017, and responded to Chinese passengers at Incheon International Airport. For data handling, SPSSWIN Version 20.0 and AMOS 24.0 were utilized. As a result, the communication quality of the airline crew was four factors. Four factors are informational communication, empathic communication, polite communication, appearance communication. Among the four factors, customer satisfaction was influenced by informational communication and polite communication. In addition, emotional communication, informational communication, and appearance communication were the main influences on customer loyalty. And customer satisfaction has a significant effect on customer loyalty. As a result of this study, it is necessary for the airline to improve the quality of education. Especially, inaccurate communication skills of inexperienced Chinese crews will deteriorate the quality of customer satisfaction, so it will be necessary to educate and select the qualified Chinese crew in the future.

신종 통신매체에 대한 통신제한조치의 문제점과 개선방안

박광민,이성대 전남대학교 법학연구소 2015 법학논총 Vol.35 No.2

Criminal techniques were developed and advanced at rapid change of communication environment to make change of investigation techniques, and supporting laws and systems were not actively made. The National Assembly recently suggested bills of limitation upon communication including new types of communication media, and regulations on abuse were not made to face severe opposition from National Human Rights Commission of Korea and civic organizations. The communication environment is likely to make change continuously and not to postpone reformation of concerned systems: This study investigated reformation of legal limitation on the communication. This study investigated problems of SNS and other communication media that were important at recent communication environment, and examined contents of limitation on the communication, problems and limitations of limitation on the communication according to current communication secret protection law, and reformation of limitation upon communication of current law. New types of communication media such as SNS, mobile messenger and others at rapid change of communication environment to give limitation on the Communication Secret Protection Law: So, laws should be revised in the era of Smart to overcome wired telephone communication environment that communication secret protection law was enacted. New investigation such as mobile phone tapping, packet tapping and investigation into base station had problems and limitation to violate the Constitution, and basic rights infringed were not said to be basic rights not to have limitation by laws. Risks of misuse and abuse of infringement upon citizens' basic rights in the name of effective counteractions against the crime should be removed. Current limitation upon communication should be permitted to add permit of tapping in legislation cases in the United States and to lessen unnecessary limitation upon communication and to add legal conditions of limitation upon communication considering legislative cases in foreign countries and to prevent misuse and/or abuse of limitation upon communication. Communication service providers should have obligation of communication equipment buildup subject to removal of misuse and/or abuse to allow indirect tapping. These days, communication environment made change technology to make change of legal environment in relation with personal information protection system. In other words, limitation upon communication should be revised at relation with personal information protection laws in the future. Infringement upon basic rights at limitation upon communication from point of view of not only legal systems but also technology should be lessened. 최근 국회에서는 신종통신매체 등에 대한 통신제한조치를 구체화하는 내용의 법률안이 지속적으로 발의되고 있지만, 국회내부에서 뿐만 아니라 국가인권위원회 및 시민단체들로부터 극심한 반대에 직면하고 있다. 그러나 통신환경의 변화는 앞으로도 계속될것이라는 점에서 관련제도의 정비를 더 이상 미룰 수는 없다고 생각되며, 이러한 인식에서 현행 법제상 통신제한조치의 바람직한 개선방안을 도출하고자 하였다. 특히 최근의 통신환경변화에 가장 핵심적인 내용을 이루고 있는 SNS 등의 신종통신매체를 둘러싼 문제점을 중점과제로 삼고자 하였는데, 이를 위하여 통신제한조치의 내용과 현황, 현행 통신비밀보호법상 통신제한조치의 문제점과 한계, 현행 법제상 통신제한조치의바람직한 개선방안 등에 대하여 차례대로 살펴보았다. 먼저, 오늘날 급격한 통신환경의 변화와 더불어 SNS서비스 및 모바일 메신저와 같은신종 통신매체의 등장은 현행 통신비밀보호법의 한계를 극명하게 드러내고 있으므로통신비밀보호법이 제정되었던 당시의 유선전화중심의 통신환경을 넘어 스마트 융・복합시대에 적합한 법률개정이 시급히 이루어져야 한다는 점에는 의문이 없었다. 다음으로 휴대전화 감청, 패킷감청, 기지국수사 등의 새로운 수사방식은 그 자체가안고 있는 고유의 문제점과 한계로 인하여 그 위헌성이 문제될 수 있지만, 이들을 통해서 침해되는 기본권을 절대적 기본권이라 할 수는 없으므로 법률로써 이를 제한할 수있다고 보았다. 다만, 범죄에의 효율적 대응이라는 미명하에 일반국민의 기본권을 침해하는 오・남용의 위험을 제거하기 위한 노력은 계속되어야 한다는 점을 지적하였다. 구체적으로는 현행 통신제한조치의 허용요건을 강화하여 미국의 입법례와 같은 감청의허용요건을 추가하여 불필요한 통신제한의 여지를 축소하고 통신제한조치의 적법절차의 요건을 외국의 입법례를 고려하여 이를 보완하는 것 등을 통신제한조치의 남용을방지할 수 있는 방안으로 제시하였다. 마지막으로 최근의 통신환경변화는 단순한 기술의 변화뿐만 아니라 개인정보보호법제와의 관계에서 법률적 환경변화를 내포하고 있음을 유념해야 한다는 점을 지적하였다. 즉, 향후 개인정보보호를 위한 법률들과의 관계에서도 통신제한조치의 정비방안을지속적으로 검토해야 한다는 것이다. 그리고 법률적 관점에서의 개선방안이외에 기술적 측면에서 통신제한조치에 따른 기본권침해의 가능성을 최소화할 수 있는 방안을 지속적으로 연구할 필요성도 존재한다고 보았다.

현대시와 현대시조의 소통 ―리듬과 형식적 특성을 중심으로―

이경영 한국비평문학회 2011 批評文學 Vol.- No.41

This thesis observed the communication of modern poetry and modern sijo in the aspect of rhythm and formal characteristics possessed by modern sijo. Modern poetry and sijo are sub-genres of poetry that have been generally perceived as separate domains. As poetry is a genre that simultaneously possess instantaneity and compression, it appears that modern poetry and sijo would easily share areas with contact points. However, modern poetry and sijo have been generally perceived as completely different genres and there have hardly been any studies that have studied the influential relationship or communication between the two types of poetry. When observing the issue in relation to communication, we can generally consider two types of communication. The first type is communication with readers, while the second is communication between genres. First, communication with readers can be viewed as the following. Poetry tends to become more difficult and complicated in the present day, a time when web lifestyle is generalized through computers and advanced digital technology. In this regard, the method of using poetic rhythms to write poems based on de-mechanism juxtaposition and repetition or taking interest in short or daily poetry that can be enjoyed in everyday life can eventually attract people to poetry by changing the attitude of people that secretly consider poetry a difficult type of literature. Furthermore, this aspect also influences communication of modern poetry and modern sijo. The parallel sijo rhythm possessed by modern sijo is related with the biological rhythm of Koreans. Writing and abbreviating a short modern poetry help us to learn that it is difficult to be completely unrelated with the format of parallel sijo. Furthermore, the characteristics of spatial structure possessed by modern editorial sijo presents a point of contact in which modern sijo can easily encounter modern poetry. The weakness of modern poetry in its structural or rhythmic aspect can be complemented by the strengths of editorial sijo to appropriately combine realism and add dialect to provide enjoyment. This will approach readers more effectively to widely open doors to communication. Methods for achieving smooth communication of modern poetry and modern sijo are clearly not that far away. The two genres can achieve significant development if the characteristics possessed by the two genres become more distinct and creation principles and techniques for using such characteristics can be developed to expand inter-communication and achieve efficient internal and external communication.

의사소통 교육의 현황과 과제

박재승 한국국어교육학회 2010 새국어교육 Vol.0 No.85

This paper looks into the current status of communication education, and entertains one of its implication for Korean language teaching. Starting with the freshmen in 2009, "Communication Education" became a required course for the National Examination for Korean Language Teachers. There are quantitative and qualitative differences between Communication Education for native speakers and that for foreign language speakers. They both share the ultimate goal of successful communication, yet they greatly differ from each other in the communicative competencies of the students involved. Communicative competence comprises cultural and sociolinguistic abilities in addition to the basic linguistic competence. Therefore, education of communication in foreign languages faces far more serious challenges than education of native communication. We can carry out communication successfully only when we properly understand the relations between the speaker and the listener on one hand and between the linguistic signs and the referents on the other. Literature provides excellent materials to study such components of communication with. Literature can teach us not only how to speak but also what to speak. Communication education must contribute to better human relations and ultimately better living. Therefore communication education should aim to teach how to advance human relations through communication, rather than to teach mere communication skills. And literature makes excellent teaching materials for communication education, especially for native speakers. 우리가 살아가는데 의사소통만큼 중요한 것도 드물다. 말 한 마디로 상대의 마음에 고통을 주는가 하면, 말 한 마디로 천 냥 빚을 갚을 수도 있는 것이다. 이렇게 중요한 의사소통 교육은 무엇을 어떻게 해야 할 것인가를 제안하기 위해, 의사소통 교육의 이론적 고찰과 의사소통 교육의 현황을 살펴보았다. 2009학년도 입학자부터 적용되는 교원자격 검정에는 국어과 예비교사들이 [의사소통교육론] 과목을 필수로 이수하게 되어 있다. 외국어 교육의 의사소통과 모국어 교육의 의사소통 교육은 양적인 면과 질적인 면에서 차이가 있어야 한다고 생각한다. 물론 의사소통이라는 공통점도 있겠지만 가르치는 내용의 수준은 마라톤과 걸음마만큼이나 차이가 난다고 생각하기 때문이다. 언어는 언어를 사용하는 사람들의 생활 속에서 만들어지기 때문에 그 언어를 사용하는 사람들의 생활을 알아야 정확하게 이해할 수 있다. 따라서 외국어를 정확하게 알기란 어려운 것이다. 우리가 일상생활에서 사용하는 언어는 말하는 사람과 듣는 사람, 지시대상, 그리고 언어 기호를 총체적으로 고려해야 제대로 이해할 수 있다. 이러한 요소들이 섬세하게 고려되어 쓰여진 것이 문학 작품이라고 생각한다. 또한 동서고금을 막론하고 명작에는 인생이 무엇이고 우리가 바람직하게 살아가는 것이 무엇인가가 풍부하게 들어있다. 의사소통 교육도 결국은 바람직하게 삶을 영위하는데 기여할 수 있어야 한다고 생각한다. 화법이 말만 번지르르하게 하는 인간을 기르는 것이 아니듯이 의사소통 교육도 결국은 바람직한 인간으로 성장시키는데 그 목적을 두어야 할 것이다. 따라서 문학 작품은 모국어 화자들에게 의사소통 교육을 하는데 매우 적절한 자료라고 생각한다.

소통과 사이코드라마 -의사소통 능력 증진을 위한 사이코드라마 활용 방안-

최윤미 한국사이코드라마.소시오드라마학회 2011 한국사이코드라마학회지 Vol.14 No.2

This is to find ways enhancing communication ability through psychodrama. For this purpose this study reviews communication styles first : verbal vs. nonverbal, intrapersonal communication vs interpersonal communication. To communicate effectively, the person has to aware what he/she wants to communicate, desire, emotion, his/her states, attitudes, etc. first,; intrapersonal communication. Then he/she can transmit what he/she really wants to tell verbally and nonverbally; interpersonal communication. By reviewing various researches this study finds the relationship between interpersonal and intrapersonal communication. As a way to enhance communication ability many psychologists uses various intervention technique. Among them, people can develop one's communication skills through group psychotherapy. In this study eleven therapeutic factors of group psychotherapy were reviewed to understand therapeutic factors in psychodrama. In conclusion psychodrama can contribute to enhance communication ability both through enhancing self-awareness, that is intrapersonal, and developing interpersonal communication skills. 본 연구에서는 언어적 방식과 비언어적 방식을 통해서 이루어지는 대인간 의사소통 양식을 살펴보고 사이코드라마가 의사소통 능력 향상에 기여할 수 있는지를 살펴보았다. 대인간 의사소통을 위해서는 우선 자신의 욕구, 정서, 상태, 태도에 대한 인식, 즉 개인내 소통이 선행되어야 함을 고찰하였다. 이러한 인식은 부정적인 기분을 덜 느끼는 것과 관련될 뿐 아니라 부정적인 기분에서 회복도 빠르게 한다는 연구 결과들을 살펴보았다. 또한 이러한 개인 내 소통은 자존감 증진과도 관련이 되었다. 이러한 연구 결과들은 자신의 정서를 잘 인식하는 것이 타인과의 소통을 원활히 하는 출발점이 되기 때문에 사회적 지지를 얻기 쉽다는 것을 시사하며 따라서 대인간 소통에 있어서 개인의 내적 소통의 결과들, 즉 정서나 태도, 욕구의 인식, 자신에 대한 알아차림은 대단히 중요한 기본적 요인임을 확인하였다. 이러한 관점에서 심리학자들이 대인간, 개인내 소통을 증진시키기 위한 노력을 기울이고 있는 집단 상담 방식의 치료적 측면과 사이코드라마가 가진 기법적 특성이 개인 내 욕구와 태도, 정서를 인식하고 사회적 기술을 증진시켜 대인간 소통을 원활히 하는 데에도 기여할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

서비스기업 종사원의 의사소통환경이 직무만족 및 조직몰입에 미치는 영향

유정선 관광경영학회 2014 관광경영연구 Vol.60 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among Communication Environment, Job satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment. In this process, Communication Environment was consisted with Toward, Horizontal, and Informal Communication. Organizational Commitment was consisted with Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment. The self-Communication method was adopted to collect the data for March 2014. It was found as follows: There is positive relationship between Communication Environment and Job Satisfaction, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment, and Communication Environment and Organizational Commitment. For details, first, Toward, Horizontal, and Informal Communication positively effect to Job Satisfaction and Toward Communication effect most to Job Satisfaction. Second, Job Satisfaction positively effect to all of Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment. It was certain that Job Satisfaction was an antecedent of Organization Commitment. Third, Communication Environment positively effect to Organizational Commitment. For details, all of Toward, Horizontal, and Informal Communication positively effect to Affective Commitment. Both of Horizontal and Toward Communication positively effect to Continuance Commitment. Also, Both of Toward and Informal Communication positively effect to Normative Commitment. Result of study shows that smooth Communication Environment is critical in order to increase employee's Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment.

종교교육에서의 커뮤니케이션 모델에 관한 연구

전영미 한국기독교교육학회 2009 기독교교육논총 Vol.21 No.-

This paper aims to examine religious education from the perspective of communication and to explore alternative communication models for religious education in a global age. Religious education can be understood as communication between teacher and learner. Conveying religious messages effectively and facilitating productive teacher-learner interaction are essential in religious education and are inseparably related to the issues of communication. Thus analyses of communication models used in religious education will provide useful insights for religious educators in improving their teaching process, which is the main purpose of the present paper. More specifically, I first analyze a communication model used in traditional religious education, which is identified as the transmission model in communication. The transmission model is characterized by its one-way linear communication structure. It entails hierarchical and authoritative relationship between teacher and learner. The learner in this model is typically regarded as a passive receiver of the message delivered by the teacher. Religious education based on this transmission model tends to lack concerns for learners’ status, various teaching methods, and educational environments. In order to overcome these limitations, James Michael Lee, Ronald Sarno, and Pierre Babin suggest alternative communication models of religious education. The present paper also reviews each of these alternative models, and suggests some directions for religious educators in selecting and creating communication models which are relevant and appropriate for contemporary learners and their global environment. 커뮤니케이션은 인간의 가장 기본적이고 보편적인 활동 중의 하나이다. 커뮤니케이션에 대한 포괄적인 관점에서 볼 때 종교교육도 인간 커뮤니케이션의 한 현상으로 이해할 수 있다. 커뮤니케이션의 관점에서 종교교육이란 교사와 학생 간에 종교교육적인 내용을 의사소통하는 과정이다. 종교교육의 내용들을 어떻게 하면 보다 효과적으로 전달할 것인가, 교사와 학생 간의 상호작용을 통해 어떻게 의미 있는 결과를 산출해낼 것인가와 관련된 문제들은 모두 커뮤니케이션의 핵심적인 관심사들이다. 이런 면에서 종교교육과 커뮤니케이션은 서로 불가분의 관계에 있으며 종교교육에서 커뮤니케이션에 대한 이해는 교육과정 전반에 걸쳐 근본적이고도 중요한 요소이다. 따라서 교사와 학생 간의 의사소통 스타일을 분석하고, 학습자의 특성과 종교교육의 목적에 부합하는 커뮤니케이션 방식을 선택하고 개발하는 일은 보다 효과적이고 바람직한 종교교육이 이루어지기 위해 필수적인 과정이라고 할 수 있다. 이를 위해 본고에서는 우선 전통적 종교교육에서의 커뮤니케이션 모델을 분석하였다. 전통적 종교교육에서의 지배적인 커뮤니케이션 방식은 전수모델(transmission model)이라고 할 수 있다. 본고에서는 이러한 전수모델에 대한 비판적 성찰과 함께 종교교육 분야에서 이에 대한 대안적 커뮤니케이션 모델들을 제시한 세 가지 연구들을 살펴보았다. 제임스 마이클 리의 종교교수 모델과 로날드 사르노의 총제적 커뮤니케이션, 그리고 피에르 바뱅이 제안한 일체 모델은 공통적으로 전통적 종교교육에서의 의사소통 방식의 한계를 극복하고자 보다 쌍방향적인 커뮤니케이션과 학습자의 적극적인 참여, 다양한 교육 방법과 매체의 활용을 강조하였다. 이러한 연구들을 토대로 필자는 종교교육의 네 가지 주요 요소인 학습자, 교사, 교육내용, 교육환경의 네 가지 측면에서 현대사회의 특성과 종교교육의 본질적 특성에 적합한 커뮤니케이션 모델은 어떤 것인지 그 방향을 제시해보고자 하였다.