시뮬레이션 기반의 SBAR 의사소통 교육을 받은 간호대학생의 의사소통명확성, 의사소통자신감, 의사소통능력 -영유아 대상 시나리오를 활용하여-

김동원,신정순 사단법인 한국안전문화학회 2022 안전문화연구 Vol.- No.16

This study was attempted to identify the differences in communication clarity, communication confidence, and communication skills of nursing students who received simulation-based SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation) communication education. To provide basic data for systematic SBAR communication education to improve communication competency of nursing students. We used fever care scenario of urinary tract infection for infant childhood and dyspnea care scenario of pneumonia for early childhood. This is a single-group pre- and post-experimental design study. This study was conducted on 85 fourth-grade students who took simulation practice courses enrolled in the nursing department of one university located in B city. The data were collected from September 3 to December 6, 2021, using a self-report questionnaire before and after simulation practice. For data analysis, using SPSS/WIN 24.0 program, Communication clarity, communication confidence, and communication skills of nursing students were analyzed with the mean and standard deviation, and differences in communication clarity, communication confidence, and communication skills before and after SBAR communication education were analyzed using t-test. As a result of the study, communication clarity averaged 3.91±0.70 points before education and 4.37±0.66 points after education, and communication confidence averaged 7.56±1.42 points before education and 8.19±1.48 points after education. Communication skills averaged 3.96±0.44 points before education and 4.12±0.44 points after education. Communication clarity before and after SBAR communication education based on simulation (t=-4.37, p<.001), communicator confidence (t=-2.83, p=.005), communication skills (t=-2.46, p=.015) showed a statistically significant difference. Based on the results of this study, it will be necessary for nursing universities, which are prospective nurses, to actively use the SBAR communication format in various subjects from the lower grades for systematic education on communication.

신종 통신매체에 대한 통신제한조치의 문제점과 개선방안

박광민,이성대 전남대학교 법학연구소 2015 법학논총 Vol.35 No.2

Criminal techniques were developed and advanced at rapid change of communication environment to make change of investigation techniques, and supporting laws and systems were not actively made. The National Assembly recently suggested bills of limitation upon communication including new types of communication media, and regulations on abuse were not made to face severe opposition from National Human Rights Commission of Korea and civic organizations. The communication environment is likely to make change continuously and not to postpone reformation of concerned systems: This study investigated reformation of legal limitation on the communication. This study investigated problems of SNS and other communication media that were important at recent communication environment, and examined contents of limitation on the communication, problems and limitations of limitation on the communication according to current communication secret protection law, and reformation of limitation upon communication of current law. New types of communication media such as SNS, mobile messenger and others at rapid change of communication environment to give limitation on the Communication Secret Protection Law: So, laws should be revised in the era of Smart to overcome wired telephone communication environment that communication secret protection law was enacted. New investigation such as mobile phone tapping, packet tapping and investigation into base station had problems and limitation to violate the Constitution, and basic rights infringed were not said to be basic rights not to have limitation by laws. Risks of misuse and abuse of infringement upon citizens' basic rights in the name of effective counteractions against the crime should be removed. Current limitation upon communication should be permitted to add permit of tapping in legislation cases in the United States and to lessen unnecessary limitation upon communication and to add legal conditions of limitation upon communication considering legislative cases in foreign countries and to prevent misuse and/or abuse of limitation upon communication. Communication service providers should have obligation of communication equipment buildup subject to removal of misuse and/or abuse to allow indirect tapping. These days, communication environment made change technology to make change of legal environment in relation with personal information protection system. In other words, limitation upon communication should be revised at relation with personal information protection laws in the future. Infringement upon basic rights at limitation upon communication from point of view of not only legal systems but also technology should be lessened. 최근 국회에서는 신종통신매체 등에 대한 통신제한조치를 구체화하는 내용의 법률안이 지속적으로 발의되고 있지만, 국회내부에서 뿐만 아니라 국가인권위원회 및 시민단체들로부터 극심한 반대에 직면하고 있다. 그러나 통신환경의 변화는 앞으로도 계속될것이라는 점에서 관련제도의 정비를 더 이상 미룰 수는 없다고 생각되며, 이러한 인식에서 현행 법제상 통신제한조치의 바람직한 개선방안을 도출하고자 하였다. 특히 최근의 통신환경변화에 가장 핵심적인 내용을 이루고 있는 SNS 등의 신종통신매체를 둘러싼 문제점을 중점과제로 삼고자 하였는데, 이를 위하여 통신제한조치의 내용과 현황, 현행 통신비밀보호법상 통신제한조치의 문제점과 한계, 현행 법제상 통신제한조치의바람직한 개선방안 등에 대하여 차례대로 살펴보았다. 먼저, 오늘날 급격한 통신환경의 변화와 더불어 SNS서비스 및 모바일 메신저와 같은신종 통신매체의 등장은 현행 통신비밀보호법의 한계를 극명하게 드러내고 있으므로통신비밀보호법이 제정되었던 당시의 유선전화중심의 통신환경을 넘어 스마트 융・복합시대에 적합한 법률개정이 시급히 이루어져야 한다는 점에는 의문이 없었다. 다음으로 휴대전화 감청, 패킷감청, 기지국수사 등의 새로운 수사방식은 그 자체가안고 있는 고유의 문제점과 한계로 인하여 그 위헌성이 문제될 수 있지만, 이들을 통해서 침해되는 기본권을 절대적 기본권이라 할 수는 없으므로 법률로써 이를 제한할 수있다고 보았다. 다만, 범죄에의 효율적 대응이라는 미명하에 일반국민의 기본권을 침해하는 오・남용의 위험을 제거하기 위한 노력은 계속되어야 한다는 점을 지적하였다. 구체적으로는 현행 통신제한조치의 허용요건을 강화하여 미국의 입법례와 같은 감청의허용요건을 추가하여 불필요한 통신제한의 여지를 축소하고 통신제한조치의 적법절차의 요건을 외국의 입법례를 고려하여 이를 보완하는 것 등을 통신제한조치의 남용을방지할 수 있는 방안으로 제시하였다. 마지막으로 최근의 통신환경변화는 단순한 기술의 변화뿐만 아니라 개인정보보호법제와의 관계에서 법률적 환경변화를 내포하고 있음을 유념해야 한다는 점을 지적하였다. 즉, 향후 개인정보보호를 위한 법률들과의 관계에서도 통신제한조치의 정비방안을지속적으로 검토해야 한다는 것이다. 그리고 법률적 관점에서의 개선방안이외에 기술적 측면에서 통신제한조치에 따른 기본권침해의 가능성을 최소화할 수 있는 방안을 지속적으로 연구할 필요성도 존재한다고 보았다.

국내 항공사의 커뮤니케이션 품질이 고객만족과 고객 충성도에 미치는 영향: 중국인 승객을 대상으로

김민수,박혜윤 한국서비스경영학회 2019 서비스경영학회지 Vol.20 No.5

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of airline crew communication quality on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty of Chinese passengers. A total of 260 questionnaires were distributed for the analysis of the study. Of these, 244 were used for analysis. The survey period was from January to March 2017, and responded to Chinese passengers at Incheon International Airport. For data handling, SPSSWIN Version 20.0 and AMOS 24.0 were utilized. As a result, the communication quality of the airline crew was four factors. Four factors are informational communication, empathic communication, polite communication, appearance communication. Among the four factors, customer satisfaction was influenced by informational communication and polite communication. In addition, emotional communication, informational communication, and appearance communication were the main influences on customer loyalty. And customer satisfaction has a significant effect on customer loyalty. As a result of this study, it is necessary for the airline to improve the quality of education. Especially, inaccurate communication skills of inexperienced Chinese crews will deteriorate the quality of customer satisfaction, so it will be necessary to educate and select the qualified Chinese crew in the future.

기호학적으로 접근한 인간커뮤니케이션에 관한 연구

박일재 ( Park Il Jae ),송광철 ( Song Gwang Cheol ) 한국디자인트렌드학회 2006 한국디자인포럼 Vol.14 No.-

Semiotics is very important in the design field. While advertisement and visual communication design and the social and cultural importance of the whole design has become maximized, it is very weak to logically research design messages, especially visual messages and images. Human life can be said as communication in signs. Human beings are delivered meaning and communicate through signs. Human`s life itself is a sign and human`s emotion and thought all appear as semiosis. This study examined human communication world consisting of semiosis from the a semiotic angle and divided it into five parts. First, the location of communication and semiotics built in the macroscopic area of human science was illuminated. Second, to examine the semiotic approach of phenomenon of human communication, overview of communication arts, position of semiotics, and basic structure of semiotics, and communication signs in our life were considered. Third, the expression and meaning of signs, messages and codes, and six signs of communication, and sign-communication-literature relationship were investigated. Fourth, the essential difference of semiotic communication from human communication was examined in the process of communication. Finally, the problems of contents, methodology, need of communication were solved in a semiotic angle. A sign plays a medium role of communication in one cultural circle. In other words, the cultural circle can be viewed as a “sign community” where mutual communication can be made using certain kinds of signs. A sign is a means of meaning production of all things existing within one cultural circle such that “what we know, how we know, and how we can know”.

Communication Strategies: Based on Phoebe from Friends

이지현 영상영어교육학회 2012 영상영어교육 (STEM journal) Vol.13 No.2

Since communication competence has become a topic of interest in language learning and teaching, there has been a lot of research into communication strategies. Tarone (1981) claimed communication strategies are used to compensate for deficiencies in the linguistic system. Communication strategies are avoidance strategies and compensatory strategies and the research has focused largely on the compensatory nature of communication strategies (Brown, 2007). This study investigates other aspects of communication strategies. Communication strategies should pertain to the communication not just to language. The aim of communication is the delivery of a speaker’s intention. Just avoiding or compensating for the linguistic difficulties is a passive way to communicate. In real communicative situations, taking control in a conversation is more important than linguistic knowledge. If this kind of strategy can be taught in the classroom, it would be appropriate to teach how to establish the leading position in a conversation. In regard to this point, this study examines the communication strategies of the character Phoebe in the popular American sitcom Friends. Phoebe always beats her friends in conversations. The study tries to find out her strengths and what strategies she uses to hold the lead in communication.

정신과 병동 간호사의 환자와의 의사소통 경험

이정섭 ( Lee Jeong Seob ),박수미 ( Park Su Mi ),전성숙 ( Jeon Seong Sug ),최정순 ( Choe Jeong Sun ),김명옥 ( Kim Myeong Og ),김란 ( Kim Lan ),김정은 ( Kim Jeong Eun ) 한국정신간호학회 2002 정신간호학회지 Vol.11 No.4

The purpose of this study was to report, describe and analyze positive or negative communication in the psychiatric ward from the perspective of a nurse and to propose a clinically effective way of communication. The subjects were 28 nurses working in a psychiatric ward in Guri H University Hospital. The materials were collected from September 1 to October 15, 2002. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to describe the most difficult or hardest experience or the most comfortable communication experience freely. The collected materials were analyzed using Van Kaam`s method. Results of the study are as follows. 1. The subject of communication and situations were divided into two cases-good communication and bad communication. Under the good communication, there were sub-categories such as patients with established relationship (35%), patient`s voluntary will (23%), nurses` moods or atmospheric conditions (17.5%), patients` mood and conditions (10%) and positive reactions to nurses (9.2%). Under the bad communications, there were sub-categories such as patients with difficulties in relationship composition (33.8%), negative reactions to nurses (31.7%), patients` mood and conditions (15.5%), lack of patients` voluntary will (14.8%) and nurses` moods or atmospheric conditions(4.2%). 2. The subject of easiness of communication and patient types were divided into two cases-good communication and bad communication. Under the good communication, there were sub-categories such as cooperative patients (32.4%), non-critical patients(19.7%), patients with established relationship (15.5%), patients who know themselves(12.7%), patients with sympathy(12.7%), non-aggressive patients (7%). Under the bad communications, there were sub-categories such as critical patients (27.4%), manipulating patients (20.1%), aggressive patients (12.6%), patients with difficulties in relationship composition (11.6%), patients with affectation (9.5%), patients without expected responses (6.3%), non-cooperative patients(6%), sexual patients (3.2%) and patients with bad domestic environments(2%). From the above results, it was known that nurses in the psychiatric ward experienced various kinds of communication and they were influenced by the patients` standpoint, nurses` standpoint and interactions between nurses and patients. Therefore nurses in the psychiatric ward experienced difficulties and stresses by using themselves as curative tools. If they were not allowed to release such stresses in proper ways, it would influence their role confliction. Therefore, various nursing interventions shall be developed in order to enhance curative communication level and upgrade curative communication level by studying problematic situations in communication and systematic approaches according to patient type.

소통의 관점에서 본 현대 패션오브제 분석

윤지영(Jiyoung Youn),김혜연(Heayeon Kim) 한국디자인학회 2014 디자인학연구 Vol.27 No.3

Background In the 21st modern society, various kinds of recognition of communication, a survival mode of human society, and its significance are greatly highlighted along with the development of human history. Recently the concept of communication aims for the pursuit of sensitivity and the formation of sympathy over the importance of simple delivery. Accordingly, an object shown in fashion does not only make its meaning and message clear visually along with the expression of the creator’s personality, but also plays the role of a medium for the positive communication of the creators sensitivity. Therefore, the purpose and significance of this study are to investigate the meaning and characteristics of objects as a creative communication method in fashion by classifying and analyzing the utilization method of the modern fashion object and its meaning from the conceptual perspective of communication. Methods In this study, I examined the characteristics of art and fashion objects by period and their meaning alongside the basic concept of communication. Moreover, I divided the concept of communication into types with objects shown in the fashion collections since 2000 by applying 15 basic concepts of communication for the theoretical background, which Frank Dance, a representative scholar of communication in the 20th century, defined, and then elicited the meaning of each concept. Results Fashion objects were divided into 3 types of communications: first, communication through the delivery of symbolic meaning; second, communication through the interaction of process and behavior; and third, communication through memory and play; and the meanings and characteristics were drawn up accordingly. Conclusion The characteristics of the modern fashion objects in terms of communication were shown as the media of polysemantic communication, the space of sharing recognition and having a healing role. Further, it is my hope that this study may lead to future research on the various communicative approaches of humans and society through fashion along with creative design development through objects.

사대부 시조에 나타난 사회적 소통 양상 고찰 ―훈민시조와 강호시조를 중심으로―

김성문 우리문학회 2019 우리文學硏究 Vol.0 No.62

“Communication”has had an important meaning in our lives well before human language was organized, and has been the greatest driving force behind the material and spiritual achievements enjoyed by humanity today. However, the reality is that lack of social communication is causing various problems these days. This study analyzed the social communication patterns of the Middle Ages, especially during the Joseon Dynasty, through an analysis of the ancestral work of four generations, and of the meaning of the book. Communication has various dimensions, depending on its scope or nature, whether it is feedback or direction. In this study, the discussion focused on two dimensions: one-sided social communication, especially bottom-up communica tion, and one-sided communication, considering the medieval time of Joseon and the identity of the ambience of the cross-strait communication. First, top-down communication confirmed the meaning and aspect of communication in Hunmin-sijo. The Hunmin-sijo aims to consolidate the system of dynasties by extending and sharing the relevant principles with the general public, as it has the creative intention to educate the people through Confucianism—a major ideology of the time. To achieve this goal, it is either the form that shows a firm order to the people or a willingness to stick to the Confucian ideology from the perspective of the soloist. Next, the form and meaning of upward communication were examined on the basis of Gangho-sijo. Gangho-sijo, who is stronger in lyricism than the Hunmin-sijo, confirmed that the aristocrats sang their attachment to the political reality with the sentiment of Yeon-gun or Ae-gun, which also affirmed the principles of the Joseon Dynasty. As such, it can be seen that medieval aristocrats used literature to constantly try to communicate with society. This suggests a lot in terms of diagnosing the present through the past, and preparing for the future based on it. ‘소통’은 인간의 언어가 체계화되기 이전부터 우리 삶에 중요한 의미를 지녔으며, 이는 오늘날 인간이 누리고 있는 물질적, 정신적 성취를 가능케 한 가장 큰 원동력이었다. 그런데 요즈음 사회적 소통의 미흡과 부재로 인하여 다양한 문제들이 야기되고 있는 것이 현실이다. 이에 본고는 중세, 특히 조선시대의 사회적 소통의 양상을 사대부들의 시조 작품에 대한 분석을 통해서 확인하고, ‘溫故知新’의 측면에서 그 의미를 살핀 결과물이다. 소통은 그 범위나 성격, 피드백의 여부, 방향성 등에 따라서 다양한 양상을 띠게 되는데, 본고에서는 조선이라는 중세의 시간적 특성과 양반 사대부라는 신분적인 특수성을 감안하여 일방적 사회적 소통, 특히 상향식 소통과 하향식 소통의 두 양상에 주안점을 두고 논의를 진행하였다. 먼저 하향식 소통은 훈민시조에서 그 의미와 양상을 확인하였다. 훈민시조는 당대의 주요 이념인 유교도덕으로 백성들을 교화(治人)하기 위한 창작 의도를 가지기 때문에 인간 사이에 마땅히 지켜야 할 도리를 일반 백성에게까지 확대․공유함으로써 궁극적으로 왕조의 체제를 공고히 하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 그리고 이 목적을 효율적으로 달성하기 위하여 백성들에게 단호하게 명령하거나, 혹은 솔선수범의 입장에서 유교이념에 충실하고자 하는 의지를 드러내는 형식을 취한다. 다음으로 상향식 소통의 양상과 그 의미는 강호시조를 통해서 살펴보았다. 훈민시조에 비하여 교술성보다는 서정성이 강화되는 강호시조는 양반 사대부들이 정치 현실에 대한 애착(修己)을 연군이나 애군의 심정으로 노래한 경우로, 이 또한 조선왕조 체제의 원리를 긍정하는 면모를 보임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같이 중세 양반 사대부들은 문학을 활용해서 끊임없이 사회적 소통을 시도하였음을 확인할 수 있다. 그리고 이는 과거를 통해서 현재를 진단하고, 이를 바탕으로 미래를 예비한다는 측면에서 시사하는 바가 적지 않다.

호텔 조직 내 커뮤니케이션 만족과 친사회적 서비스 행동 간의 관계 : 역할명확성의 매개효과를 중심으로

김민영,이형룡 대한관광경영학회 2017 관광연구 Vol.32 No.8

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of communication satisfaction in hotel organization on role clarity and prosocial service behavior of hotel employees. For this purpose, we surveyed employees who work at a first class hotel in Seoul. We distributed 350 questionnaires from the beginning of October to the end of 2012, and 310 of them were used for empirical analysis. Communication satisfaction was defined by four factors derived from exploratory factor analysis: supervisor communication, communication climate, formal co-worker communication, and informal co-worker communication. The results showed that communication climate, formal co-worker communication, informal co-worker communication had a positive(+) effect on role clarity. Second, among the subcomponents of communication satisfaction, communication climate and formal co-worker communication have a positive effect on prosocial service behavior in the role. On the other hand, formal co-worker communication has a positive effect on extra-role prosocial service behavior. Third, role clarity has a positive effect on prosocial service behavior. Finally, the mediating effects of role clarity on the relationship between communication satisfaction and prosocial service behavior are as follows: role clarity in the relationship between communication climate, formal co-worker communication and prosocial service behavior in role, Role clarity has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between formal co-worker communication and extra-role prosocial service behaviors. 본 연구는 호텔기업의 고객접점 직원들을 대상으로 호텔 조직 내 커뮤니케이션 만족이 호텔직원의 역할명확성 및 친사회적 서비스행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위함이다. 이를 위해 서울 시내 특1급 호텔에 근무하는 직원을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 2012년 10월초부터 말까지 350부의 설문지를 배포하였고, 그 중 310부의 표본을 실증분석에 활용하였다. 커뮤니케이션 만족은 탐색적 요인분석을 통하여 도출된 4가지 요인을 각각 상사와의 커뮤니케이션, 커뮤니케이션 분위기, 동료간 공식적 커뮤니케이션, 동료간 비공식적 커뮤니케이션으로 요인명을 정하였다. 연구결과, 커뮤니케이션 분위기, 동료간 공식적 커뮤니케이션, 동료간 비공식적 커뮤니케이션은 역할명확성에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 커뮤니케이션 만족의 하위 구성개념 중 커뮤니케이션 분위기와 동료간 공식적 커뮤니케이션은 역할 내 친사회적 서비스행동에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 동료간 공식적 커뮤니케이션은 역할 외 친사회적 서비스행동에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 역할명학성은 친사회적 서비스행동에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 커뮤니케이션 만족과 친사회적 서비스 행동 간의 관계에서 역할명확성의 매개효과를 살펴본 결과, 커뮤니케이션 분위기, 동료 간 공식적 커뮤니케이션과 역할 내 친사회적 서비스 행동 간의 영향관계에서 역할명확성은 부분매개효과를, 커뮤니케이션 분위기와 역할 외 친사회적 서비스 행동 간의 영향관계에서 역할명확성이 완전매개효과를, 동료 간 커뮤니케이션과 역할 외 친사회적 서비스 행동 간의 영향관계에서 역할명확성은 부분매개효과를 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

보드리야르의 의사소통이론에 관한 연구

배영달 한국프랑스학회 2013 한국프랑스학논집 Vol.82 No.-

Aujourd'hui notre société déborde d'écrans et de réseaux. Selon Baudrillard, notre quotidien se connecte à l'écran et ‘nous sommes écran dans une certaine mesure’. Nous sommes dans la sphère d'écran, et nous avons tendance à nous y absorber complètement. Par exemple, nous ne décidons pas en conscience de regarder la télévision. Nous le faisons par une sorte d'attraction, de vertige. On a l'idée que la machinerie d'écran n'a pas pour dimension réelle l'information et la communication. Tout ce qui nous est offert par les nouvelles technologies, c'est l'image d'écran où l'on s'y immerge. C'est-à-dire que nous circulons à travers l'image d'écran, et que nous nous perdons dans l'extase de la communication. Alors, la théorie de la communication de Baudrillard peut s'appliquer en quelque mesure au monde de ‘SNS’(Social Network Service)? L'immense SNS de ‘Facebook’ et de ‘Twitter’ facilite la communication par ‘Smart phone’ et internet. Facebook permet les relations réciproques entre les hommes, et ‘Smart télévision’ a la fonction d'interaction. Mais on peut qualifier la relation humaine par SNS de la vraie communication? Comme Baudrillard l'a indiqué, la communication d'excès n'apporte pas plutôt l'absence de la communication ou l'extase de la communication?Ces jours-ci, il semble que l'expression de race de ‘Smart Island’ réflète un peu l'opinion de Baudrillard. On se connecte mais réellement on se déconnecte. Ce phénomène a rapport profondément à notre vie sociale. Si notre téléphone mobile se déconnecte, nous nous sentirons isolés de la société. Il est évident que SNS permettant de se communiquer doit être la grande technologie de la communication. Mais SNS forme tantôt la communication réciproque, tantôt l'unilatéralité de l'échange communicatif. En particulier l'expansion de fausses informations par SNS apporte la non-communication ou la communication unilatérale. Baudrillard a dit que le médium lui-même est la mode de la non- communication ou de la communication unilatérale. Cette position de Baudrillard a eu la persuasion avant l'apparition de SNS, mais il semble qu'elle a sa limite qui s'applique partiellement à l'époque de SNS. Mais son insistance que l'interaction de l'homme communicatif est devenue celle d'écran. et que l'incertitude de la communication vient de l'excès de réseau de la communication peut être une référence pour la compréhension de médium et de communication d'aujourd'hui.