보디빌딩선수들의 체중감량 건강교육 프로그램법을 통한 신체조성 특성 및 심폐기능 건강증진 개선이 경기력 향상에 미치는 영향

김준희(Kim, Joon-Hee),문황운(Moon, Hwang-Woon) 한국체육과학회 2018 한국체육과학회지 Vol.27 No.5

This research had taken a look at whether the athletic performance gets improved through the enhancements of the special characteristics of the body composition and through the enhancements of the promotion of the health of the cardio pulmonary function through the method of the program for the health education regarding the weight-loss that is carried out over 6 weeks for the weight reduction by the elite bodybuilders. For this, in this research, it had been intended to measure and evaluate regarding the special characteristics of the body composition, including the muscle mass, the body fat amount, etc. resulting from traditional method of carrying out a high weight loss at over 15% and the new method that carried out the low weight loss at around 5% and the changes of the factors of the special characteristics of the athletic performances, including the cardio pulmonary function of the VO2max and the others of the like, the circumference of the human body, the muscular strength, etc. In order to accomplish such a purpose of the research, in this research, with the 25 elite, body-building athletes belonging to the Body Building Association as the subjects, by classifying into the high weight-loss group, which is a traditional method, and into the low weight-loss group, which is a new method, after carrying out the method of the program for the health education of the weight-loss for 6 weeks, by measuring and evaluating the special characteristics of the body composition, the changes of the cardio pulmonary function, and the changes of the human body circumference and of the muscular strength, the conclusions were arrived at as the following: First, regarding the variables of the body composition of the weight, the body water, %fat, BMI, etc., because the weight class differences between the two groups (74.5±12.2㎏ vs. 77.1±11.6㎏, weight class category: 75㎏) exist, the results cannot be jumped to a conclusion. However, differently from the high weight-loss group, which is a traditional group, the low weight-loss group, which is the experimental group, the body water had increased after the weight-loss. Also, as the cardio pulmonary function that speaks on behalf of the aerobic capability, the VO₂max absolute value (L/min) had increased significantly among the post experiment group, and the interaction effect (p=.011) was observed. As a result, it is thought that the low weight-loss method is more desirable that the high weight-loss method. Secondly, although, with regard to the improvement of the athletic performance, there had been no improvements of the muscular strength through the method of the low weight-low of the experimental group, it had implied that the minimization and the maintenance of the changes of the muscle circumferences and of the changes of the muscle amounts are possible. As above, it is highly expected that, with the information that can be obtained through the method of the program for the health education of the weight losses in this research, the body-building athletes can carry out the training more safely and healthily and can plot for the improvement of the athletic performance.

Estimation of Genetic Parameters from Longitudinal Records of Body Weight of Berkshire Pigs

Lee, Dong-Hee,Do, Chang-Hee Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.6

Direct and maternal genetic heritabilities and their correlations with body weight at 5 stages in the life span of purebred Berkshire pigs, from birth to harvest, were estimated to scrutinize body weight development with the records for 5,088 purebred Berkshire pigs in a Korean farm, using the REML based on an animal model. Body weights were measured at birth (Birth), at weaning (Weaning: mean 22.9 d), at the beginning of a performance test (On: mean 72.7 d), at the end of a performance test (Off: mean 152.4 d), and at harvest (Finish: mean 174.3 d). Ordinary polynomials and Legendre with order 1, 2, and 3 were adopted to adjust body weight with age in the multivariate animal models. Legendre with order 3 fitted best concerning prediction error deviation (PED) and yielded the lowest AIC for multivariate analysis of longitudinal body weights. Direct genetic correlations between body weight at Birth and body weight at Weaning, On, Off, and Finish were 0.48, 0.36, 0.10, and 0.10, respectively. The estimated maternal genetic correlations of body weight at Finish with body weight at Birth, Weaning, On, and Off were 0.39, 0.49, 0.65, and 0.90, respectively. Direct genetic heritabilities progressively increased from birth to harvest and were 0.09, 0.11, 0.20, 0.31, and 0.43 for body weight at Birth, Weaning, On, Off, and Finish, respectively. Maternal genetic heritabilities generally decreased and were 0.26, 0.34, 0.15, 0.10, and 0.10 for body weight at Birth, Weaning, On, Off, and Finish, respectively. As pigs age, maternal genetic effects on growth are reduced and pigs begin to rely more on the expression of their own genes. Although maternal genetic effects on body weight may not be large, they are sustained through life.

연령 및 성별에 따른 체중 감량에 대한 인식 조사

두미애(Doo Mi Ae),김양하(Kim Yangha) 韓國營養學會 2007 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.40 No.7

본 연구는 체격, 체중감량 목표 및 개념, 지식정도 등의 체중감량에 대한 인식을 조사하기 위하여 수행되었다. 1) 조사대상자의 평균 연령은 남성 39.9세 여성 39.3세였고, 신장, 체중과 BMI는 연령과 성별에 따라 유의적인 차이 (p<0.05)를 나타내였다. 2) 비만도의 분포는 연령이 높고 남성의 경우 과체중과 비만이 유의적으로 많았다 (p<0.05). 3) 본 연구의 대상자들은 연령이 낮거나 여성의 경우 체중이 저체중이거나 정상체중임에도 불구하고 희망체중은 낮아 왜곡된 체형인식을 가지고 있었다. 4) 체중감량에 대한 목표는 연령이 낮을수록 외모적 이유로, 연령이 높을수록 건강상의 이유라고 대답하였다 (p < 0.05). 체중감량 개념에 대해서는 연령이 낮을수록 “약간 마르거나 날씬한 몸매를 유지하는 것”이라고 인식한 반면, 연령이 높을수록 “정상 체중에 도달하기 위해 노력하는 것” 또는 “병에 걸리지 않도록 체중을 유지하는 것”이 라고 대립하여 연령에 따른 유의적인 차이를 보여주었다 (p < 0.05). 5) 체중감량과 식습관, 운동 및 영양지식과 같은 체중감량에 관한 지식에 관한 연령과 성별에 따른 총 정답률의 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. “물도 살을 찌게 한다”라는 문항은 68.5%의 가장 낮은 정답률을 보였으며, “아침식사를 거르는 것은 다이어트에 효과적이다”라는 문항에 91.7% 의 가장 높은 정답률을 보였다. 본 연구 결과 성별, 연령별에 따라 체중감량에 대한 인식 · 목적 · 희망체중감량 목표 등에서 유의적인 차이가 나타났다. 따라서 체중감량을 위한 영양교육 자료 개발 시 성별, 연령별로 특화된 맞춤형 영양교육 컨텐츠 개발이 필요하리라 사료된다. Among current health-related issues, obesity is considered one of the foremost, and the importance of this subject has fostered a national interest in body weight loss. In this study, the differences in recognition of body weight loss according to age and gender are investigated. The subjects of the study were 720 (male: 360 and female: 360) aged between 10 - 60 years, who had experienced to try body weight loss during 6 months prior to this study. Anthropometries, general characteristics, personal reasons for body weight loss, comprehension of body weight loss, and a knowledge of diet-related issues were assessed through a questionnaire. The anthropometric measurements showed significant differences in height, body weight (present and desired) and BMI (p < 0.05) by age and gender. The difference between desired body weight and actual body weight was greater for younger subjects or female, regardless of whether they had under- or normal body weight (p < 0.05). Reasons for body weight loss varied; younger subjects and female tended to lose body weight "to enhance their appearances", whereas the older subjects and male desired "to improve their health" (p< 0.05). Subjects had different concepts concerning body weight loss; younger subjects and female considered body weight loss as "maintenance of a slender figure, or becoming more lean". On the other hand, older subjects and male thought body weight loss to be "effects approaching normal body weight" (p < 0.05). From our studies, it can be concluded that attitude on concerning body weight loss varied according to a age and gender. Thus, consideration of this individual differences would be vital in developing contents of a particular nutritional education program for body weight loss.

Body Weight Perception and Weight Loss Practices among Private College Students in Kelantan State, Malaysia

Salziyan Badrin,Norwati Daud,Shaiful Bahari Ismail 대한가정의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.39 No.6

Background: Body image is associated with the perception of people on themselves. Influencing factors are generated internally and/or externally. The most common issue pertaining to body image is body weight and weight loss. This study aimed to determine the association between body weight perception and weight loss practices among college students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 297 college students from private nursing colleges in the state of Kelantan, Malaysia. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic characteristics, body weight perception, and weight loss methods. Weight and height were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated based on weight and height measurement. The World Health Organization BMI cutoffs were applied in the study. Results: More than half (54.2%) of college students perceived their weight correctly as per actual measured BMI. A total of 51.5% of participants had tried various methods to reduce their weight. Body weight perception is associated with weight loss practices (odds ratio, 0.31; 95% confidence interval, 0.19–0.50; P<0.001) adjusted for sex, marital status, and status of having obese family members. Those who had correct body weight perception were less likely to engage in weight loss practice. Food intake restriction (42.4%) is the most popular weight reduction method among students in nursing colleges. Over a quarter of the participants chose physical exercise (25.3%) to reduce their weight, and a small number engaged in unhealthy weight loss practices. Conclusion: Body weight perception is an important factor that influences the practice to reduce weight especially among young adult group and college students.

Weight Cycling에 따른 레슬링선수의 신체구성 및 혈액성분 변화

최동욱,류승필,이수천,김영범 한국운동영양학회 1997 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.1 No.1

Ten wrestlers were used as human subjects and divided into two groups(weight cycle and non-weight cycle) in order to study the effects of 3 times weight cycling on body composition, waist to hip ratio and blood composition. The body composition including body fat, fat free mass were significantly increased in the weight cycling group by repeated weight cycling. The waist to hip ratio was considerably increased in the cycle group . The level of glucose and insulin in blood was not highly changed by repeated weight cycling, whereas the triglyceride was remarkably increased and decreased dependent on body weight during weight cycling. Free fatty acid concentrations in blood were in inverse proportion to body weight during weight cycling. These results suggest that body weight could not be efficiently reduced by the repeated weight cycling in certain period time, and physical ability for game might be decreased by increasing rate of body fat and decreasing rate of fat free mass according to the weight.

한국 성인 남녀에서 주관적 체형 인식과 대사증후군과의 연관성: 2015–2016년 국민건강영양조사 자료 이용

김리연,심경원,이홍수,이상화,최지윤 대한가정의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Family Practice Vol.10 No.4

Background: Obesity has become a concern globally. The incidence of metabolic syndrome has increased rapidly in Korea over the past decades. Previous studies have reported obesity as a major cause of metabolic syndrome. Body mass index (BMI) and body weight perception have been widely used as indirect predictors of the risk of metabolic syndrome. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate subjective body weight perception and the risk of metabolic syndrome in adults over 20 years of age and confirm the gap between body weight perception and the objective measure of BMI. Methods: This study was conducted aming 9,842 Korean adults over 20 years of age using data from the VI-3 (2015) and VII-1 (2016) Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey. The BMI criteria were set according to the WHO Asia Pacific Standard criteria. Perceived body weight status was measured according to the question, “How would you describe your body shape?”. The patients were grouped as “obese,” “slightly obese,” “right weight,” and “under weight” according to the original responses (“very obese,” “slightly obese,” “normal,” “slightly thin,” and “very thin”). Data analysis was performed using chi-square test, analysis of variance, and logistic regression. Results: Among the participants, the risk of metabolic syndrome was progressively higher with the body weight perception as obese. Additionally, the risk of metabolic syndrome was higher in those with a higher BMI than in those with subjective body weight perception. Conclusion: In this Korean population, increased risk of metabolic syndrome showed higher associated with higher BMI than with body weight perception. 연구배경: 비만은 전세계적으로 문제가 되고 있으며, 지난 수십 년간 대사증후군은 한국에서 빠르게 증가하였다. 많은 선행연구에서 비만이 대사증후군의 주요 원인임이 밝혀졌으며, 체질량지수(body mass index, BMI), 체형 인식을 대사증후군의 위험도를 평가하는 간접적인 예측인자로 널리 이용했다. 그리고 주로 체형 인식에 대한 연구는 성인이 아닌 청소년에 국한되어 연구된 내용이 많아 성인으로 일반화하기에는 어려움이 있었다. 따라서 20세 이상의 성인을 대상으로 개인의 주관적 체형 인식 정도와 대사증후군의 위험도를 평가하고, 나아가서 BMI라는 객관적인 척도를 이용하여 주관적 체형 인식과의 간극을 확인하여 대사증후군의 위험도의 변화를 확인하고자 한다. 방법: 본 연구는 국민건강영양조사 제6기 3차년도(2015년), 제7기 1차년도(2016년) 자료를 적용하여 20세 이상의 한국 성인 9,842명을 대상으로 하였다. 체질량지수 기준은 세계보건기구 아시아태평양 지역 기준과 대한비만학회 비만 기준을 따랐으며, 주관적 체형 인식에 대한 분류는 국민건강영양조사에서 분류한 매우 마른편, 약간 마른편을 마른편으로 간주하였고, 보통, 약간 비만, 매우 비만으로 나누어 분석하였다. 분석 프로그램은 SPSS 23.0을 사용하였고 카이제곱 검정, 분산분석, 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과: 주관적 체형 인식이 과체중(OR, 4.039; 95% CI, 3.486–4.679), 비만(OR, 11.840; 95% CI, 9.625–14.565)에 해당하는 군에서 정상인 군에 비해 대사증후군 위험도가 증가하였으며, 객관적인 BMI 지표보다 주관적 체형 인식에서 덜 비만하다고 생각하는 군이 체형 인식이 올바른 군에 비해 대사증후군의 위험도가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다(OR, 1.622; 95% CI, 1.438–1.830). 결론: 한국 성인에서 객관적인 BMI 지표가 주관적인 체형 인식보다 높은 경우 대사증후군의 위험도가 증가한다.

A Study on Body Image Perception and Obesity Stress by the Degree of Obesity in College Women

Ji Eun Lee,Jung-Hyun Kim,In-Kyung Jung 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.14 No.2

The principal objective of this study was to assess the weight control behavior, body shape satisfaction, and obesity stress depending on the degree of obesity in college students who applied for a weight control program. The average BMI of the participants was 21.4 ㎏/㎡ which was in the normal range, and 76.3% of the participants were of normal body weight. Ideal BMI in this participant was 18.1 ㎏/㎡, which is in the underweight range. In terms of body perception, participants generally overestimated their body weight. The overweight and normal weight groups were less satisfied with their body shape than was the underweight group. The overweight group also expressed fears of showing their bodies to others. Additionally, the overweight and normal groups exhibited higher obesity stress than the underweight group. 97.0% of participants were interested in weight control as a way to improve their appearance. They usually obtained their weight control information from the internet and mass media. More than 80% of participants had weight control experience, having undergone weight control attempts for duration of less than a month. However, after the discontinuation of weight control efforts, these participants regained the weight. As a consequence, they were generally unsatisfied with the outcomes of weight control programs. This study demonstrated that the college women who had applied for the weight control program were unsatisfied with their body shape owing to distorted notions of the ideal body shape, and these women had generally undertaken frequent efforts to control their body weights. These results underline the importance of educating college-aged women on proper body perception and the maintenance of healthy body weight and shape.

Effect of Feedback-Based Weight Management System on Body Weight Change

진미화,박성훈,박복남,이진호,박종선,이혜자 대한의료정보학회 2008 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.14 No.3

Objective: Body weight is an important indicator of a person’s health status. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the body weight management system, HIMS (Health Improvement and Management System)‐Diet, which instantly provides users with feedback on their measured weight using the database that stores the user‐customized information. Methods: The participants of this experimental study used the system two or three times a week for 10 weeks. We analyzed the changes in their body weight and body mass index (BMI) according to their respective usage of the system. Results: Participants’ body weight and BMI decreased with respect to their individual usage of the system. Participants that used the system frequently for a longer time period improved significantly in their body weight and BMI. Conclusion: The experimental study showed that the body weight management system, HIMS‐Diet, was effective in controlling people's body weight.

Body Image, Eating Behavior, and Weight Control Practices among Korean Adolescent Girls

Kim, Jung-Hyun,Lee, Myung-Hee,Lee, Joung-Ja The Korean Nutrition Society 2002 Nutritional Sciences Vol.5 No.4

This study was designed to investigate body image, objective and subjective measurements of body size and shape, eating behavior, and weight control practices in 650 Korean adolescent girls; 500 of the subjects were 14 years old and enrolled in middle schools, while the remaining 150 were 17 years old and enrolled in high schools. Subjects responded anonymously to a self-administered questionnaire. The results showed that average height and weight of the subjects were 157cm and 49.5kg, respectively, while subjects ideal heights and weights averaged 164cm and 48kg, respectively. The ideal adult body heights and weights proposed by the subjects averaged 172cm and 55kg respectively. Over 50% of the subjects were dissatisfied with their body image; the degree of dissatisfaction with body image was higher in those who believed themselves to be fat. Most of the subjects wanted to lose weight and had tried to lose weight. Self-reported weight control practice methods included reducing food intake (31.9%), skipping meals (29.6%), exercise (25.8%), using slimming machines (6.9%), and using diet pills (5.1%). The heavier the subjects weight was, the greater the difference between the subjective and objective evaluations of body size. The body image scores of subjects who perceived themselves as fat were significantly lower than those of subjects who perceived themselves as normal or underweight. The difference between subjective and objective evaluations of body size, and the degree of obesity, were significantly higher in those subjects who had experience of weight control than those who had no experience of weight control. These results suggest that nutrition and health education programs for adolescent girls should be researched and implemented in order to establish a more realistic body image, positive habits in weight control, and healthful eating habits.

A Study on Body Image Perception and Obesity Stress by the Degree of Obesity in College Women

Lee, Ji-Eun,Kim, Jung-Hyun,Jung, In-Kyung The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2009 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.14 No.2

The principal objective of this study was to assess the weight control behavior, body shape satisfaction, and obesity stress depending on the degree of obesity in college students who applied for a weight control program. The average BMI of the participants was $21.4\;kg/m^2$ which was in the normal range, and 76.3% of the participants were of normal body weight. Ideal BMI in this participant was $18.1\;kg/m^2$, which is in the underweight range. In terms of body perception, participants generally overestimated their body weight. The overweight and normal weight groups were less satisfied with their body shape than was the underweight group. The overweight group also expressed fears of showing their bodies to others. Additionally, the overweight and normal groups exhibited higher obesity stress than the underweight group. 97.0% of participants were interested in weight control as a way to improve their appearance. They usually obtained their weight control information from the internet and mass media. More than 80% of participants had weight control experience, having undergone weight control attempts for duration of less than a month. However, after the discontinuation of weight control efforts, these participants regained the weight. As a consequence, they were generally unsatisfied with the outcomes of weight control programs. This study demonstrated that the college women who had applied for the weight control program were unsatisfied with their body shape owing to distorted notions of the ideal body shape, and these women had generally undertaken frequent efforts to control their body weights. These results underline the importance of educating college-aged women on proper body perception and the maintenance of healthy body weight and shape.