ACT에서 준비단계를 실시한 수용 실습이 수용과 정서에 미치는 영향

정하린,김계현 한국상담학회 2017 상담학연구 Vol.18 No.6

This is an experimental study to classify components of acceptance according to the stages of implementation and to compare the effects which is one of the six core processes of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Acceptance was divided into two procedures: a) undermining control as a preparation stage and b) acceptance. During the experiment, participants recalled their painful past event and wrote down thoughts, emotions, and bodily sensations. According to decomposition model, the experimental group went through undermining control and acceptance, whereas comparison group moved on to the acceptance stage without preparation. The results from the data of 52 undergraduate and graduate students were as follows: First, ANCOVA. Post acceptance score presented a statistically significant difference in two groups; higher in the experimental group. Second, in the correlation analysis, post-score and rate of increase of undermining control were highly relevant to post-score of acceptance in the experimental group. Third, in the regression analysis, the increase of acceptance was identified as a predictable factor of the decrease of negative emotion. The result suggests that preparation stage encourages acceptance, yet does not have any distinctive effects itself unlike acceptance reducing negative emotion. It is meaningful that this study classified the acceptance according to the stages of implementation and verified the difference of effects according to whether the preparation stage was carried out by the experiment. Limitations and suggestions for future study were also discussed. 본 연구는 수용전념치료의 한 과정인 수용의 요소를 시행단계에 따라 구분하고 효과를 비교한 실험연구이다. 수용의 단계는 준비단계인 통제 파헤치기와 본 단계인 기꺼이 경험하기로 나누었다. 실험에서 참여자는 과거 고통스러운 경험을 떠올리고 이에 대한 자신의 생각과 감정, 신체감각을 적도록 하였다. 분해모형에 기초하여 실험집단에는 준비단계 실시 후 기꺼이 경험하기를 유도한 반면 비교집단에는 준비단계 없이 수용하도록 지시문을 제공하였다. 결과분석에는 총 52명의 4년제 대학교 학부생 및 대학원생의 데이터를 활용하였다. 주요한 연구결과는 첫째, 공분산분석에서 실험집단의 사후 수용의 정도는 비교집단에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 둘째, 상관분석 결과 통제 파헤치기의 사후점수 및 증가율은 사후수용과 높은 상관을 보였다. 셋째, 전체 집단에서 회귀분석 결과 수용의 증가는 부적정서의 감소를 예측하는 변인으로 밝혀졌다. 이상의 결과는 준비단계가 수용을 유도하는 데 도움이 되지만 수용이 부적정서를 감소시키는 것과 같이 그 자체로 효과를 발휘하는 요소는 아님을 보여준다. 본 연구는 수용을 시행 단계에 따라 구분하고 실험을 통해 준비단계의 실시 여부에 따른 효과 차이를 검증하였다는 의의가 있다. 논의에서 연구의 제한점 및 향후 연구방향을 제시하였다.

한국 초등학생의 다문화 수용성 영향요인

이자형,김경근 한국교육학회 2014 敎育學硏究 Vol.52 No.4

Drawing from public opinion data on multicultural people collected in 2013 by the Cultural Diversity and Coexistence Research Team at Korea University, we examined determinants of multicultural acceptance among elementary school students in Korea. We applied hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to investigate both student- and school-level factors associated with elementary school students' multicultural acceptance. Our HLM results exhibited that for elementary school students, girls show a higher level of multicultural acceptance than boys, while rural students display a higher level of multicultural acceptance than their urban counterparts. In addition, parents' and friends' multicultural acceptance is positively associated with students' own multicultural acceptance. We also found that a better relationship with teachers and neighbors and a higher level of sense of community are closely related with an elevated level of multicultural acceptance. Students with a higher level of racial identity exhibit a lower level of multicultural acceptance, whereas students with a higher level of Korean cultural identity show a higher level. Schools with a higher mean Korean cultural identity show a higher level of multicultural acceptance. Schools with a higher ratio of teachers who have taken multicultural education courses show an increased level of multicultural acceptance. Contrary to our expectations, however, teachers' experiences of mentoring multicultural-family students, school’s multicultural climate perceived by teachers, and schools with a higher mean teachers’ multicultural acceptance have little to do with students' own multicultural acceptance. We discuss implications of our findings for policies conducive to enhancement of students' multicultural acceptance. 본 연구는 고려대학교의 SSK 문화적 다양성과 공존 연구단이 수집한 2013년 다문화사회 관련 의견조사 데이터를 사용하여 초등학생의 다문화 수용성 영향요인을 살펴보았다. 위계적 선형모형(hierarchical linear modeling) 분석을 실시한 결과, 개인수준에서는 남학생보다는 여학생의 다문화 수용성이 높고, 서울시나 중소도시보다는 읍면지역이 초등학생에게 다문화 수용성 제고에 유리한 환경을 제공하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 아울러 부모나 친구의 다문화수용성이 높을수록, 교사나 이웃과의 관계가 친밀할수록, 그리고 공동체의식이 강할수록 아동의 다문화 수용성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 종족정체성이 약할수록, 문화정체성이 강할수록 아동의 다문화 수용성이 높은 것으로 드러났다. 한편 학교수준에서는 학교평균 문화정체성이 높을수록, 다문화교육을 이수한 교사의 비율이 높을수록 초등학생의 다문화 수용성이 제고되는 것으로 판명되었다. 하지만 예상과는 달리 재직학교 교사들이 학교의 다문화 풍토가 적절하다고 인식할수록 아동의 다문화 수용성은 낮아지는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 교사의 다문화가정 학생 지도 경험, 학교평균 교사 다문화 수용성 등은 초등학생의 다문화 수용성에 유의한 영향을 끼치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 초등학생의 다문화 수용성을 제고하기 위한 정책방안을 간략하게 논의하였다.

A Study to Enhance MULTICULTURAL Acceptance of Local Governments through Analysis of Factors Influencing Multicultural Acceptance

Chansun Park,Yongjin Sa J-INSTITUTE 2021 International Journal of Crisis & Safety Vol.6 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the multicultural acceptance perception survey to verify the relationship between each demographic and social factor, contact factor, and multicultural education and multicultural acceptance, and to suggest measures to improve multicultural acceptance by region. Most of the preceding studies in Korea have proven simple relevance through multicultural acceptance analysis, but this study focuses on local autonomy and suggests the justification for multicultural acceptance education and central government budget allocation. Method: This study used the data from the 2018 General Public Multicultural Acceptance Survey, the most recent data of the General Public Multicultural Acceptance Survey conducted every three years by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family to verify variables affecting multicultural acceptance. This survey selected a total of 4,006 men and 1,970 women as a probability sample (multistage stratified sample by region, gender, and age) based on the 2016 Population and Housing Census(Statistics Office). The variables in this study were the dependent variables such as multicultural acceptance score(subordinate variable), demographic factor, contact factor, and multicultural education(independent variable), and regression analysis was conducted using SPSS 21.0, a statistical program. Results: As a result of the statistical analysis of this study, it was found that in the case of demographic factors, men, younger age, and higher education had a positive effect on multicultural acceptance. Looking at the contact factors, as direct contact, multicultural events, festivals, and strong relationships with foreigners could increase multicultural acceptance. In the case of indirect contact, multicultural acceptance could be increased when exposed to positive mass media content. In the case of the number of multicultural education sessions, the more education received, the more positive the acceptance was. On the other hand, it was found that household income, occupation and foreign contact, which were factors that had a significant influence in previous studies, did not have a significant effect in this study. Conclusion: This study, which identified the factors affecting multicultural acceptance by using statistical analysis, believes that it has a value to contribute to preparing measures to improve multicultural acceptance suitable for local governments. In the case of local governments, multicultural education can be conducted by selecting groups by gender, age and educational background. In addition, festivals and events with foreigners can be planned, and positive foreign-related broadcasts can be planned on YouTube videos promoted by local broadcasters or local governments.

원격평생교육시설 신고 및 그 수리거부 遠隔平生敎育施設 申告 및 그 受理拒否

김용섭 한국행정판례연구회 2012 행정판례연구 Vol.17 No.2

This study presents debates, theories and annotations developed centering on report and acceptance under administrative laws on the subject of the Supreme Court's decision by Seongo 2005 Du 11784 as of July 29, 2011 concerning report and acceptance refusal of remote lifelong education facilities under the Lifelong Education Act. Although a number of theses have been submitted and court decisions have been accumulated for the subject of report under administrative laws till now and 3 unanimous collegiate judgments have been given recently, the matter of report and acceptance under administrative laws is very complicated and is not established yet. This study tried to review in critical viewpoints legal matters arising around the subject of report and acceptance refusal under administrative laws which is fundamental in administrative laws but not established arousing many controversies in setup of concept and furthermore, tried to find intermediate types and scopes of report as an alternative. Till now, the main stream of theories and decisions on report under administrative laws was to divide report under administrative laws into typical self-integration report and transformational report subject to acceptance. As an alternative to such a division, somebody insists that it be divided into informational report and regulatory report, but, as its criteria and effectiveness are not definite, it deems reasonable to keep the existing frame of division. However, the dichotomous approach to report under administrative laws has a definite limit, as it is not definite whether report of remote lifelong education facilities is comprehended as a type of self-integrated or regulatory report in a decision for annotation. In other words, the original court considered the report of remote lifelong education facilities as a regulatory type of report, while the supreme court does not accept the concept. While administrative agencies perform only formal investigation in reviewing acceptance, it is thought that the supreme court has made decisions on the assumption that report of remote lifelong education facilities is self-integrated. However, taking it into consideration that the supreme court does not demonstrate the administrative disposal of acceptance refusal but does assume it and furthermore leaves the room for justifying acceptance refusal considering other laws in connection with the scope of investigation, the supreme court is thought not to always consider report of remote lifelong education facilities as purely self-integrated. The decision for annotation indicates that report of remote lifelong education facilities has basically the characteristics of self-integrated report and the characteristics of regulatory report as well, considering that it is ruled to issue a certificate of report after receipt and review of the report and the administrative disposal of acceptance refusal is allowed. In this aspect, conclusively speaking, the report of remote lifelong education facilities mentioned in the decision for annotation is deemed to be a kind of intermediate compromising type of report, the so-called hybrid type report, having characteristics of the self-integrated report and the regulatory report requiring acceptance together. 이 논문은 평생교육법상 원격평생교육시설의 신고 및 수리거부에 관한 대법원 2011. 7. 28. 선고 2005두11784 판결을 소재로 하여 행정법상 신고와 수리에 관한 논의를 전개한 이론과 평석이 혼합된 형태의 글이다. 그동안 행정법상 신고에 관한 다수의 논문과 행정법상의 신고에 관한 판례의 축적 그리고 최근의 3건의 대법원 전원합의체판결이 나왔음에도 행정법상의 신고와 그 수리거부의 문제는 매우 복잡하고 정립되어 있지 못한 실정이다. 이 글에서는 행정법의 기본문제이면서 그 개념 정립에 있어 논란이 되고 있는 행정법상의 신고와 수리거부를 둘러싼 법적 문제를 비판적 관점에서 고찰하고 중간유형의 신고의 범주를 모색하려고 시도하였다. 그동안 행정법상 신고에 관한 학설과 판례의 주류적인 입장은 행정법상의 신고를 전형적 신고인 자기완결적 신고와 변형적 신고인 수리를 요하는 신고로 구분하여 왔다. 이러한 구분 방식에 대한 대안으로 정보제공적 신고와 금지해제적 신고로 구분하는 견해를 주장하는 견해도 있으나, 구분기준과 구분실익이 명확하지 않아 현재의 구분방식의 틀을 유지하는 것이 타당하다고 보여진다. 다만, 행정법상 신고의 유형을 2분론적으로 구분하는데 일정한 한계가 노정되는 바, 평석대상 판결에서 원격평생교육시설의 신고를 자기완결적신고의 유형으로 파악하고 있는 것인지 수리를 요하는 신고의 유형으로 파악하고 있는 것인지 명확하지 않기 때문이다. 즉, 원심법원에서는 원격평생교육시설의 신고를 수리를 요하는 신고로 본 것임에도 불구하고 대법원은 이를 받아들이지 않았고 행정청은 신고의 수리에 있어 형식적 심사에 그친다는 점에 비추어 보면, 대법원은 원격평생교육시설의 신고가 자기완결적 신고라는 전제에서 내린 판결이라고 볼 여지가 있다. 그러나, 대법원이 수리거부의 처분성을 논증하지 않고 당연히 전제하고 있는 점이나 심사의 범위와 관련하여 다른 법령을 감안하여 수리의 거부를 정당화할 여지를 내포하고 있는 점을 감안하면 원격평생교육시설의 신고를 순수한 자기완결적 신고로 본 것은 아니라고 보여진다. 그렇기 때문에, 평석대상 판결에서 원격평생교육시설의 신고는 기본적으로 자기완결적 신고의 성격을 지니면서, 접수 후 검토 후에 신고증을 발부하도록 하고 있는 점이나 그 수리거부에 처분성을 인정하고 있는 점에 비추어 보면 수리를 요하는 신고의 성격도 함께 겸유하고 있다고 할 것이다. 이러한 점에서 평석대상판결에서 말하는 원격평생교육시설의 신고는 자기완결적 신고와 수리를 요하는 신고의 성격을 함께 혼합되어 있는 중간영역의 절충형 신고로서 이른바 하이브리드형 신고의 유형에 속한다고 볼 것이다.

무용교육과정에서의 무용테크놀로지 및 매체 수용에 관한 연구

황인주 ( In Joo Hwang ) 대한무용학회 2009 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.61 No.-

In recent years, new dance technology and medium have been introduced in various dance areas. Considering that dance may expand its boundary and move into the another development stage by utilizing new dance technology and medium, it is important to accept new dance technology and medium in dance education, and let dance students try various dance experiments with these digital technologies and medium in order to get rich dance experiences. For these technologies and medium to be accepted and utilized effectively and efficiently in dance curriculum, it is necessary to develop an acceptance model to new dance technology and medium, and empirically test which critical factors influence acceptance decisions at the student level. Then, based on the the technology acceptance model, the purpose of this study is to find out not only determinants affecting user acceptance of new dance technology and medium in dance education, but also test the relationship among factors in the acceptance process. The main results of this study are as follows. First, based on previous studies on digital technology acceptance in the educational environment, the acceptance model of new dance technology and medium include social influence, shared trust, innovation, interest, self-efficacy as external variables. Secondly, while social influence, shared trust and innovation affect perceived usefulness, interest and self-efficacy affect perceived ease of use respectively. This implies that each external variable has different influence on user`s perception. Thirdly, while perceived usefulness and acceptance attitude positively influence dance students to accept new technology and medium, perceived ease of use does not directly influence the intention of acceptance. This suggest that perceived usefulness may play a key role in the acceptance model. The outcome of this study may be used as a reference to design several methods to increase students` acceptance of new dance technology and medium, and activate these technologies in the dance curriculum. However, considering that research on the acceptance model in the dance field is very limited but the subject is important, it is hoped that more research in this area be done in the near future.

원자력 입지갈등 해소를 위한 조건적 원자력 수용성의 확장 및 영향요인 분석

김근식 ( Geunsik Kim ) 고려대학교 정부학연구소 2018 정부학연구 Vol.24 No.1

기존의 입지갈등 연구에서는 주로 원자력 입지갈등 해소를 위한 조건들로 보상과 위험 완화를 중심으로 논의되었다. 본 연구에서는 이에 더하여 최근 에너지 전환체제 논쟁에서 새롭게 등장하고 있는 원자력의 기후변화 완화 및 에너지 안보 차원에서의 리프레이밍과 관련된 마지못한 수용성을 포함하여 기존의 조건적 원자력 수용성 개념을 확장하고자 하였다. 즉, 새로운 원자력입지갈등 해소 조건으로 마지못한 수용성을 추가함으로써 기존의 조건적 원자력 수용성 개념을 확장하고, 이에 더하여 원자력 수용성의 유형화를 시도해보았다. 분석결과, 원전주민들의 경우 전반적인 원자력 수용성 수준이 보통(3점) 이하로 낮게 나타나고 있었으나, 보상, 위험 완화, 기후변화 완화 및 에너지 안보 같은 입지갈등 해소 조건을 제시할 경우 원자력 수용성 수준이 높아지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히, 위험 완화 조건 > 보상 조건 > 마지못한 수용의 순으로 원자력 수용성 수준이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 원자력 입지갈등 해소를 위한 조건적 수용성의 유형화에서도 저(低)편익-저(低)위험 집단을 제외한 모든 집단에서 동일하게 나타났다. 다양한 원자력 수용성 결정요인 중에서 감정적 요인이 공통적으로 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 위험 인식과 편익인식(리프레이밍 편익인식, 일반적 편익인식)도 중요한 영향요인으로 작용하고 있었다. 본 연구의 함의로는 기존의 입지갈등 논의에서 다루어진 보상과 위험 완화로 이분화된 조건적 수용성 논의에 마지못한 수용성 개념을 추가함으로써 새롭게 유형화할 수 있는 가능성을 제시했다는 점을 들 수 있다. 또한, 새롭게 주목받고 있는 원자력의 기후변화 완화 및 에너지 안보 차원에서의 편익과 관련된 마지못한 수용성을 통해 원전주민들의 원자력 수용성을 높일 수 있음을 보여주었다는 점도 의미 있는 결과라 할 수 있다. This study extended the concept of conditional acceptance of nuclear energy dealing with compensation and risk mitigation as conditions of existing nuclear location conflict discussions by adding reluctant acceptance dealing with climate change mitigation and energy security. In addition, this study attempted to categorize four conditional acceptances of nuclear energy, including unconditional acceptance concept. Results of analysis revealed that nuclear acceptance of residents nearby nuclear power plant was generally lower than normal level with the following order: risk mitigation condition > compensation condition > reluctant acceptance > unconditional acceptance. Among determinants of conditional nuclear acceptance, nuclear affect factors had the greatest influence on the four conditional acceptances while risk perception and benefit perception (reframing benefits, general benefits) were important influencing factors. The implications of this study are twofold. One is that it is possible to expand the discussion on existing nuclear location conflicts and categorization of four conditional nuclear acceptances. The other is that reluctant acceptance related to climate change mitigation and energy security has recently been shown to be able to increase nuclear acceptance of nearby nuclear power plants residents.

4차 산업 기술 패션 서비스 체험마케팅 요인이 소비자 수용과 이용에 미치는 영향 : 3D프린팅, 사물인터넷, 혁신성을 중심으로

정소정,이영주 한국의상디자인학회 2019 한국의상디자인학회지 Vol.21 No.3

Internet services on technology acceptance factors and usage intention. Furthermore, we analyzed how the user's innovativeness shows the effect on the intention to use. Data acquired from a total of 518 college students was used for the final analysis, which was perfromed by SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 23.0 programs. The results of this study are as follows. We analyzed the influence of the experiential marketing factors of fashion service utilizing the 3D printing and the Internet of Things on the acceptance of technology and intention to use these technologies. As for 3D printing, first, sensory and behavioral factors are positively related to the acceptance of technology. Second, emotional and cognitive factors have negative effects on all technology acceptance. Third, relational factors did not show a significant influence on several conditions of technology acceptance. Fourth, the effects of technology acceptance on the willingness to use have a positive effect on several conditions factors, except the effort expectation. As for the result concerning the Internet of Things first, behavioral factors have a positive effect on all technology acceptance. Second, emotional factors have a negative effect on all technology acceptance. Third, cognitive factors did not have a significant effect on various conditions and showed negative effects on several factors. Fourth, sensory and relational factors did not affect the acceptance of technology. Fifth, the effects of technology acceptance on the intention to use are affected by several conditions, except for effort expectation. As a result of analyzing the moderating effects of user's innovativeness on the willingness to use, 3D printing did not show any significant effect on innovation. However, the Internet of Things has a significant influence on the user acceptance of technology acceptance.

「행정기본법」에 따른 자기완결적 신고와 수리를 요하는 신고의 재검토

정관선,박균성 법조협회 2022 法曹 Vol.71 No.3

‘A report requiring acceptance’ emerged as a new type of regulation to relax regulation, and it is positioned between permission and a report. Both academia and courts set a report requiring acceptance from a self-satisfying report(a report as an original meaning) and legal theories were sharply opposed regarding the distinction between them. On 23 March 2021 was enacted ‘General Act on Public Administration’(hereinafter, ‘General Act’), which stipulates the principles of enforcement and basic matters regarding administrative legislation. Article 34 of the General Act reads that ‘a report requiring acceptance’ is the one in a case where a statute expressly provides that such report requires acceptance excluding cases where acceptance is provided as an internal affairs process of an administrative agency. The purpose of the article is to have the individual act specify the need for acceptance in the case of a report that requires acceptance in consideration of the substantive nature of the reports stipulated in various ways in different acts. As the purpose of the article is premised on clearly defining the nature of the report under an act, this paper reviews the criteria to distinguish reports requiring acceptance from self-satisfying reports viet interpretation theories, on the one hand, and discusses the legislative standards to set reports requiring acceptance apart from self-satisfying reports in the light of the substance and nature of reports requiring acceptance in each act, on the other hand. Clear-cut interpretation standards is required to reason whether an act clearly states the need of acceptance of a report. This paper suggests a way to provide phrases such as ‘acceptance is in need’, ‘... is the report that requires acceptance’, or ‘... shall be accepted for it to take effect.’ The legislative standards for self-satisfying reports and reports requiring acceptance, furthermore, need be based on whether substantive review is essential when revising or newly drafting individual reporting regulations. When a substantive review is necessary for matters that may affect people’s life and safety, or matters related to business that require professional qualifications and etc., there should be no provision for deeming reports to be accepted, however. The General Act turned the matter of distinction between a self-satisfying report and a report requiring acceptance into a matter of legislative standards. When the legislative intent to view as a report requiring acceptance is still ambiguous or when the legislation does not conform to the nature of the substantive acceptance, however, based on the nature of the report requirements and the review for the requirements, according to the conventional theories, a report with only a formal requirement is considered as a self-satisfying report in principle, and when both the formal and substantive requirements are reporting requirements but only a formal review of the substantive requirements is possible, it is regarded as a self-satisfying report, and in cases where it is reasonable to decide whether to acceptance or not after a substantive examination, it shall be regarded as a report requiring acceptance. 규제완화를 위해 허가와 신고(본래 의미의 신고) 사이에 수리를 요하는 신고라는 새로운 형태의 규제가 등장한 이래 본래의 신고(자기완결적 신고)와 수리를 요하는 신고의 구별을 학설과 판례가 인정함으로써 수리를 요하는 신고와 자기완결적 신고의 구별에 관하여 해석론이 첨예하게 대립하고 있었다. 2021년 3월 23일행정법 분야의 집행 원칙과 기본사항을 규정한 「행정기본법」」을 제정하였다. 신고에 있어서도 마찬가지로 개별법만으로는 명확하지 않았던 것을 「행정기본법」 제34조를 통해 행정기관의 내부 업무 처리 절차로서 수리를 규정한 경우를 제외하고 법률에 신고의 수리가 필요하다고 명시되어 있는 경우를 수리를 요하는 신고로 규정하였다. 동 규정의 입법취지는 개별법상 다양하게 규정되어 있는 신고를 그 실질적 성격을 고려하여 수리를 요하는 신고의 경우 수리가 필요하다는 내용을 개별법으로 명시하도록 하는 것이다. 「행정기본법」 제34조의 입법취지가 개별법상 신고의 성격을 명확하게 규정하는 것을 전제함에 따라, 본 논문은 한편으로는 해석론으로 자기완결적 신고와 수리를 요하는 신고의 구별기준을 재검토하고, 다른 한편으로 개별법령에서 수리를 요하는 신고의 본질이나 성질을 고려하여 자기완결적 신고와 수리를 요하는 신고를 구별하여 규정하는 방식에 대한 입법기준에 관하여 논의하였다. 법률에 신고의 수리가 필요하다고 명시하였는지 여부를 판단하기 위한 해석기준을 보다 명확하게 할 필요가 있다. 예를 들어 ‘수리가 필요하다’, ‘수리를 요하는 신고다’, 또는 ‘수리되어야 효력이 발생한다’와 같은 문언을 규정하는 방안을 제시하였다. 한편, 개별 신고규정을 정비하거나 새로 입안할 때에 자기완결적 신고와 수리를 요하는 신고의 입법기준은 실질 심사가 필요한지 여부를 기준으로 하여야 할 것이다. 그리고 신고 수리 간주 규정을 둘 때에는 국민의 생명이나 안전 등에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 사항이나 전문자격에 따른 영업에 관한 사항 등 실질적인 심사가 필요한 경우에는 신고 수리간주 규정을 두지 않도록 하여야 한다. 「행정기본법」이 제정됨에 따라 자기완결적 신고와 수리를 요하는 신고의 구별이 입법기준의 문제로 옮겨 왔지만 여전히 수리를 요하는 신고로 보려는 입법의사가 애매한 경우, 또는 입법이 실질적인 수리의 성격에 부합하지 않는 경우에는 종래의 해석론에 따라 신고요건의 성질 및 신고요건에 대한 심사방식을 기준으로 신고요건이 형식적 요건만인 신고는 원칙상 자기완결적 신고로 보고, 형식적 요건뿐만 아니라 실체적 요건이 신고요건이지만, 실체적 요건에 대해 형식적 심사만 가능한 경우에는 자기완결적 신고로, 실질적 심사를 거쳐 수리 여부를 결정하는 것이 타당한 경우에는 수리를 요하는 신고로 보아야 한다.

간호대학생의 다문화 감수성과 문화적 공감이 다문화 수용성에 미치는 영향

류은진 대한통합의학회 2022 대한통합의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Purpose : Establishing multicultural acceptance is important to provide quality nursing care in various clinical settings and adapt to changing roles in different situations. The purpose of this study was to explore degree of intercultural sensitivity, cultural empathy, and multicultural acceptance, the factors influencing of multicultural acceptance of nursing students and to provide the basic data to increased multicultural acceptance. Methods : The study used a questionnaires that include general characteristics, multicultural acceptance, intercultural sensitivity, cultural empathy for nursing students. This research involved 173 nursing students in G city. The data collected from August 15, 2021 to August 30, 2021. The study was analyzed using the SPSS 23.0 program. The correlation among intercultural sensitivity, cultural empathy, and multicultural acceptance was analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficients, and it was analyzed using multiple regression to figure out factors influencing multicultural acceptance. Results : The multicultural acceptance score was above the middle level and differed according to the academic grade (F=8.580, p<.001), major satisfaction (F=5.981, p=.003), interpersonal relations significantly (F=6.837, p=.001). Multicultural acceptance was a significant positive correlation with intercultural sensitivity (r=.544, p<.001), cultural empathy (r=.624, p<.001). As a result of regression analysis, it was confirmed that cultural empathy (ß=.477, p<.001) and intercultural sensitivity (ß=.212, p<.001) were factors that influence nursing students' multicultural acceptance ; this model could explain 40 %. Conclusion : Factors affecting multicultural acceptance of nursing students are cultural empathy and intercultural sensitivity. Nursing students are encouraged to have multicultural acceptance in terms of satisfaction of cultural empathy and intercultural sensitivity. Through this research requires the fellow study to determine the various factors affecting multicultural acceptance of nursing students. And it is necessary to development education and program that can enhance multicultural acceptance is required.

한국 청소년의 다문화 수용성 영향요인

이자형,박현준,김경근 한국교육개발원 2014 한국교육 Vol.41 No.3

본 연구는 고려대학교의 SSK 문화적 다양성과 공존 연구단이 수집한 2013년 다문화사회 관련 의견조사 데이터를 사용하여 청소년의 다문화 수용성에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 살펴보았다. 위계적 선형모형(hierarchical linear modeling) 분석을 실시한 결과, 개인수준에서는 중학생 및 고등학생 모두 부모와 친구의 다문화 수용성이 높을수록, 교사와의 관계가 좋을수록, 공동체의식이 강할수록 다문화 수용성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 한국어 구사나 한국의 문화적 전통을 중시하는 문화정체성이 강할수록, 그리고 혈통을 중시하는 종족정체성이 약할수록 다문화 수용성이 높은 것으로 판명되었다. 그리고 중학생에게는 학업성취도가 다문화 수용성에 부적 효과를 발휘하는 반면, 다문화활동 경험은 다문화 수용성에 긍정적인 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타났다. 고등학생에게는 봉사활동 경험이 다문화 수용성을 높이는 효과를 발휘했다. 한편 학교수준에서는 중학생의 경우 학교평균 SES가 다문화 수용성을 억제하는 효과를 갖는 반면, 고등학생의 경우에는 다문화가정 학생들에 대한 교사들의 높은 기대가 다문화 수용성을 제고하는 작용을 하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 선험적 기대와는 달리 교사들의 다문화교육 이수 경험이나 다문화가정 학생 지도 경험은 학생들의 다문화 수용성에 의미 있는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 드러났다. 이상의 연구결과를 바탕으로 청소년들의 다문화 수용성을 함양하기 위한 정책방안을 간략하게 논의하였다. Using public opinion data on multicultural people in Korea collected in 2013 by the Cultural Diversity and Coexistence Research Team at Korea University, we investigated determinants of the acceptance of multicultural adolescents in Korea. Considering the data structure where students are nested within schools, we applied a hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to examine both student- and school-level factors associated with the acceptance of multicultural middle school and high school students. Our HLM results showed that for middle school and high school students, parents' and friends’ feelings of multicultural acceptance are positively associated with the students' acceptance of multiculturalism. Good relationships with teachers and a greater sense of community are also related to an increased level of acceptance for multicultural students. Students who possess a strong affinity with a Korean identity based on culture show higher levels of acceptance towards multicultural students, whereas students who strongly identify with a Korean identity based on race and bloodline display lower levels of acceptance towards multicultural students. For middle school students, academic achievement is negatively correlated with multicultural acceptance but multicultural activity experiences are positively related with multicultural acceptance. We also discovered a positive relationship between volunteer work and multicultural acceptance among high school students. Schools with a higher mean SES show a lower level of multicultural acceptance (for middle schools). Schools in which teachers have higher levels of expectations for students from multicultural families show a higher level of multicultural acceptance. Against our expectations, teachers' experiences with multicultural education and their experiences mentoring multicultural-family students do not show any significant effect. This study produced implications and policy suggestions based on major findings that can enhance adolescents' acceptance of multiculturalism.