정신분열병과 Neurotensin 수용체 유전자 다형성의 연합 연구

이유상,김형배,한진희,채영규,이정식,이혜순,주연호,김형섭,최인근,양병환 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.6

연구목적: Neurotensin(NT)은 NT수용체와 결합하여 그 효과를 나타내는 neuromodulator 혹은 neurotransmitter로서 대뇌에서 도파민의 분비를 조절하는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 근래의 연구에 의하면 NT와 그 수용체는 대뇌에서 항정신병 약물의 효과를 매개하는 것으로 생각되고 있으며 약물치료를 받지 않은 정신분열병 환자의 뇌척수액에서 NT의 양이 적으로 보고되고 있어 이들은 정신분열병과 깊은 관련을 가지고 있을 것으로 추정된다. 최근 NT수용체의 유전자의 3`인접영역에서 정보가치가 높은 4 염기반복 다형성이 발견되어 이를 유전 표지자로 하여 정신분열병과의 연합을 알아보았다. 방 법: 서로 혈연관계에 있지 않은 정신분열병 환자 120명(남자 91명, 여자 29명)과 정상 대조군 106명(남자 84명, 여자 22명)을 대상으로 하였다. PANSS를 사용하여 양성 및 음성을 알아보았다. 말초혈액에서 DNA를 분리한 후에 중합효소연쇄반응을 사용하여 3`인접영역에 있는 4 염기 반복 다형성을 증폭하였고 silver staining한 후에 유전자형을 관찰하였다. chi-square 검증과 Bonferroni`s correction을 사용하여 환자군과 정상 대조군간의 대립유전자 빈도의 차이를 알아보았다. 또한 양성 및 음성 환자군으로 나누어 차이를 알아보았다. 결 과: 총 23개의 대립유전자가 관찰되었으며, 399bp의 대립유전자(A10)의 빈도가 환자군보다 정상대조군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다(χ²=16.49, df=1, p<0.001). 음성 정신분열병 환자군과 정상대조군 사이의 비교에서는 정상대조군의 A10의 빈도가 환자군보다 유의하게 높았다(χ²=21.33, df=1, p<0.001). 성별 비교에서 남자 정신분열병 환자군은 대조군에 비하여 A10의 분포가 유의하게 적었다. (χ²=13.71, df=1, p<0.001) 결 론: NT 수용체 유전자와 정신분열병사이에 음성연합이 관찰되었다. NT 수용체 유전자가 일부 정신분열병의 발병과정에서 확실하지는 않지만 어떤 종류의 보호기능을 할 수도 있다는 것을 암시한다. Objectives: Neurotensin(NT), of which functions are evoked by its interaction with neurotensin receptors(NTR), coexists with mesolimbic dopamine and regulates endogenous dopamine release. Recent studies have shown that NT with NTR exerts neuroleptic-like activity within the central nervous system and may play an important role in the pathogenesis and in the treatment of schizophrenia. We have examined the gentic association between schizophrenia and tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism in the 3-flanking region of the NTR gene to investigate the possible contribution of the NTR gene to the schizophrenia susceptibility. Methods: Among 23 alleles identified, the subjects were 120 patients(male 91, female 29)with schizophrenia and 106 normal healthy controls(male 84, female 22). They were unrelated native Korean. PANSS was used to determine positive or negative subgroup in the schizophrenic patients. Using polymerase chain reaction and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism(CCTT and CTT) in the 3`-flanking region of NTR gene was observed. For a comparison of NTR gene`s allelic frequencies between patients with schizophrenia and normal healthy controls, chi-square test and Bonferroni`s correction was performed. Results: The frequency of A10 allele(base pair size=399)was significantly higher in normal healthy controls than schizophrenia(χ²=16.4902, df=1, p<.000). In the comparison between schizophrenic patients with negative symptoms and normal controls, the frequency of A10 allele was significantly higher in normal healthy control subjects than patients with schizophrenia(χ²=21.33, df=1, p<0.001). In the case of male, the frequency of A10 allele of schizophrenia was significantly higher than normal controls(χ²=13.71, df=1, p<0.001). Conclusions: NTR gene was negatively associated with schizophrenia. NTR gene`s tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism may provide some protective function against schizophrenia.

道路橋 Prestressed Concrete 合成 1桁의 最適斷面

李普炯,徐鎭國,金炅燦 嶺南大學校工業技術硏究所 1992 연구보고 Vol.20 No.2

The series of standardized sections of prestressed concrete I-girders for highway bridge are analyzed and characteristic relations are derived for the section parameters and applicable girder spans. The validity and the applicability of the equations are investigated with the following observations: 1. The parabolic relations exist between a pair of section parameters and applicable spans in the form of Np*h=c1+c2L+c3L2. 2. The validity of given designs is checked by comparing the design spans with the spans caculated from the equations using the given section parameters. 3. The section profiles are determined to suit given design terms by selecting grider heights and tendons in this equation. This paper thus presents formula for readily establishing the validity of given designs, and selecting section profiles to satisfy given design terms for prestressed concrete composite highway bridge.

부분구조추정법을 이용한 시간영역 구조안전도 모니터링

이형진 國立 昌原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1999 産技硏論文集 Vol.13 No.-

In this paper, a substructural identification method is presented for the local damage assessment of complex and large structural systems. For this purpose, an auto-regressive and moving average with stochastic input (ARMAX) model is derived for a substructure to process the measurement data impaired by noises. Using the substructural methods, the number of unknown parameters for each identification can be significantly reduced, hence the convergence and accuracy of estimation can be improved. Secondly, for the damage assessment, the indirect estimation procedure was applied to estimate the damage index defined as the ratio of the current stiffness to the vaseline value at each element using previously estimated results from the substructural identification. To demonstrate the proposed techniques, several simulation and experimental example analyses are carried out for structural models of a 2-span truss structure and 3-story building model. The results indicate that the present substructural identification method and damage estimation methods are effective and efficient for local damage estimation of complex structures.

내측회장동맥에 의해 형성된 척수경막동정맥루로 인한 척수병증 1예

이일형,배재천,이상무,김진혁,권기한,이병철 대한신경과학회 1999 대한신경과학회지 Vol.17 No.3

肺臟切除가 反對側 肺臟 第Ⅱ型 肺胞細胞의 機能에 미치는 影響

李錫江,朴載植,金亨鎭 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1980 慶北醫大誌 Vol.21 No.2

一側 肺切除時 反對側 肺臟이 代償性 增殖을 한다는 것은 周知의 事實이다. 特히 代償性 增殖時 肺胞表面活性物質을 分泌하는 것으로 알려진 第Ⅱ型 肺胞細胞의 機能은 어떤 樣相을 나타내는지 究明하기 위하여 試圍한 本 硏究 結果는 다음과 같다. 肺洗滌液의 燐脂質 燐量은 對照群에서 8.04±0.74μMol/gm wet lung wt.인데 比해 肺切除後 第 1,2 및 3일에는 有意하게 減少하였으나 第 7일에는 6.91±0.57μMo1/gm wet lung wt.로서 第3일에 比해서 增加하는 傾向을 보였다. 肺洗滌液의 蛋白量은 對照群이 5.18±0.15㎎/gm wt lung wt.인데 比해 肝切除後 第 1 및 2일에는 各各 7.90±0.68 및 7.07±0.75㎎/gm wet lung wt.로 有意하게 增加를 보였으며 第 3 및 7일에는 對照群과 비슷하였다. 對照群의 右側肺臟 무게는 3.26±0.12gm인데 比해 肺切除後 第 1,2 및 3일에는 別 變化가 없었으나 第 7일에는 3.86±0.2gm으로 對照群에 比해 有意하게 增加하였다. 15㎖ 및 30㎖의 肺容積에 대한 肺內壓 測定은 動的 및 靜的肺內壓이 모두 肺切除後 第 1 및 2일에 上昇하는 傾向을 보였고 第 3및 7일에는 減少하여 對照群과 비슷하거나 낮았다. 兩側 副腎무게는 對照群이 230.2±19.5㎎인데 比해 肺切除後 第 1,2 및 3일에는 別 變化가 없었으나 第 7일에는 336.7±39.2㎎으로 對照群에 比해 有意한 增加를 하였다. 體重은 對照群에서 1.70㎏인데 比해 肺切除後 第 1,2 및 3일에 다같이 減少하였으며 第 7일에는 對照群의 그것과 비슷하였다. It is generally accepted that conpensatory lung growth occurs in the remaining tissue after pneumonectomy; the unilateral pneumonectomy causes the weights, number of alveoli, and alveolar cells to increase to the level of total paired lung, including alveolar type Ⅱ cell which secretes a lipoprotein mixture called surfactant. In order to study the effects of unilateral pneumonectomy on the function of type Ⅱ cell in the contralateral lung during compensatory period, left pneumonectomy was performed on rabbits (1.5-1.8kg body weight), and phospholipid phosphorus and protein contents in the right lung lavages, the weight of the right lung, intrapulmonic pressures at 15 and 30㎖ lung volumes, and bilateral adrenal weights were studied on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 7th postpneumonectomy day. The right lung was lavaged with isotonic saline and phospholipid phosphorus in the lung lavage was determined by the modified method of Beveridge and Johnson, and protein was determined by the method of Lowry et al. The results obtained are summarized as follows. Phospholipid phosphorus contents in the control was 8.04±0.74μMol/gm wet lung wt, but a significant decrease on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd postpneumonectomy day was observed compared with the control. However, phospholipid phosphorus on the 7th postpneumonectomy day was increased to 6.91±0.57μMol/gm wet lung wt comparing with the 1st, 2nd and 3rd postpneumonectomy day. The protein contents of the lung lavage was increased on the 1st and 2nd postpneumonectomy day but decreased to the control level on the 7th postpneumonectomy day. The lung weight on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd postpneumonectomy day was not different from the control but increased significantly to 3.86±0.25gm on the 7th postpneumonectomy day compared with the control value of 3.26±0.12gm. The static and dynamic intrapulmonic pressures were increased on the 1st and 2nd postpneumonectomy day but decreased to the control value on the 3rd and 7th postpneumonectomy day. The bilateral adrenal weight on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd postpneumonectomy day was not different from the control but increased significantly to 336.7±39.2mg on the 7th postpneumonectomy day compared with the control value of 230.2±19.5mg. The body weight in the control was 1.70±0.05kg but a decreased value was observed on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd postpneumonectomy day followed by a return to the control on the 7th postpneumonectomy day.

색상요소와 특징점을 이용한 얼굴인식

이정하,강진석,최연성,김장형 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2002 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.13 No.2

In this paper, we propose a face region detection based on skin-color distribution and facial feature extraction algorithm in color still images. To extract face region, we transform color using general skin-color distribution. Facial features are extracted by edge transformation. This detection process reduces calculation time by a scale-down scanning from segmented region. we can detect face region in various facial Expression, skin-color deference and tilted face images.

PC지하주차장 구조물의 설계법 개선을 위한 실험적 연구

이형진 國立 昌原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1998 産技硏論文集 Vol.12 No.-

The actual structural behaviors under wheel loads can be much different from those under uniform loads which are frequently adopted for the design of parking garage. In such a viewpoint, the structural behavior of a Half-PC concrete underground parking garage under vehicle loads was investigated using the site instrumentation. Static wheel loads were applied on the structure to evaluate the actual live load capacity. Besides, moving load tests and impact tests were also performed to evaluate the impact factors of the structure. Through the experimental investigations, it was found that the construction quality of the underground parking garage can be improved by use of the Half-PC concrete structure. It was also found that the uniform load concept is unsuitable for the design of parking garage.

진동대 실험결과를 이용한 비선형 구조규명법

이형진 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2001 공업기술연구 Vol.1 No.-

This paper deals with the identification of the parameters of a smoothed hysteretic model (Bouc-Wen model) as well as the estimation of hysteretic histories of structural members, related to experimental seismic damage prediction of existing large structures, using the results of shaking table test. A method is proposed to estimate hysteretic histories of each structural members from measured response histories of the structure. These histories can be used to evaluate various kinds of damage indices. Secondly, the parameter estimation method is applied to construct the nonlinear mathematical model of these hysteresis. To demonstrate the proposed techniques, several numerical and experimental example analyses are carried out. The results indicate that the proposed method can be very useful to assess local seismic damages of structures.

곡선교에서의 실험적 모드 추정과정의 특성연구

이형진,어석홍 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2003 공업기술연구 Vol.3 No.-

In structural health monitoring, the identification of modal properties can be one of the important issues. However, the identifiability of modal parameter hasn't been usually checked before the installation of hardware. In this paper, the identifiability of modal parameter particularly for the real existing curved bridge was investigated. The results show that curved bridges are very sensitive to the way to be modelled and usual number of measurements are not enough for the curve bridge.

동부 F_2 世代에 있어서 莢柄長, 莢長 및 莢當粒數에 관한 遺傳分析

李秉主,張權烈,金鎭馨 慶尙大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.24 No.1

This experimental studies were conducted to clarify the effects of selection, and aimed at estimating genetic parameters such as, gene action, combining ability and heritability on three agronomic characters in Cowpea (Vigna sinensis Savi.). The six different parents and 15 F_2 hybrids by 6×6 diallel crosses were used as materials, and were planted in a randomized block design with three replications. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. Vr-Wr graphic analyses Length of pod stalk was found to be inherited in over dominance. and length of pod and seed numbers per pod were inherited in partial dominance. 2. Components of variance: Estimates of additive components of variances were greater than those of dominance components of variances for length of pod and seed numbers per pod. Negative values of F were estimated for two characters, length of pod and seed numbers per pod. The highest heritability value was found in length of pod, but the value of seed numbers per Pod was the lowest. 3. Combining ability analyses: The mean squares of general combining ability for length of pod and seed numbers per pod were higher than those of specific combining ability. 4. Effects of combining ability: The high GCA effects were expressed by variety TVu1857 in length of pod stalk and seed numbers per pod, variety TVu2885 in length of pod. The high SCA effects were exhibited in the hybrids between TVu1857×J78 and TVu2885×J80 in length of pod stalk and seed numbers per pod, TVu1857×TVu2885 and TVu2734×TVu2885 in length of pod. Therefore, it can be concluded that TVu lines could be the useful varieties in cowpea breeding for long pod and high yielding.