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Level Shifter Circuit with Fast Delay and Low-Power Consumption
O-Sam Kwon,Kyeong-Sik Min 대한전자공학회 2007 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2007 No.7
A new level shifter is proposed in this paper that mitigates the contention problem between its pull-up and pull-down switches without suffering the delay penalty. Comparing this new one with two conventional shifters (CLS-1 and CLS-2) indicates that CLS-1 and CLS-2 have the delay times which are 308% and 26% slower than the proposed shifter when VDDL/VDDH=0.3 and the fan-out=2, respectively. In addition, the comparison of power-delay products shows CLS-2 consumes 28.5% more energy than the proposed shifter. For the layout area, the proposed shifter needs only 15% more than CLS-2.
Microarray expression profiling of <i>Spodoptera litura</i> in response to oxidative stress
Yun, Eun‐,Young,Hwang, Jae‐,Sam,Yoon, Young‐,Il,Ahn, Mi‐,Young,Kim, Nam‐,Jung,Kwon, O‐,Yu,Lee, Won‐,Jae,Goo, Tae‐,Won Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2011 Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology Vol.77 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>To examine the expression profile of oxidative stress responsive genes in <I>Spodoptera litura</I>, we constructed a cDNA library from <I>S. litura</I> injected with hydrogen peroxide (H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>). Using a microarray chip composed of 2,964 cDNAs, we screened gene expression at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 h post H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> injection. Data were clustered into 15 groups of genes that behave similarly across each time course. Seventy‐three genes were identified as being at least twofold up‐ or downregulated after treatment with H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> in <I>S. litura</I>. We constructed expressed sequence tags (ESTs) for genes that changed at least twofold after treatment with H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>. The functional classification of these ESTs based on Gene Ontology showed that the ESTs are rich in genes involved in oxidoreductase activity (5.7%), defense (14.3%), cellular process (22.9%), and development (17.1%). © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>
Microarray expression profiling of oxidative stress responsive genes in Spodoptera litura
Eun-Young Yun,Tae-Won Goo,Jae-Sam Hwang,Mi-Young Ahn,Nam-Jung Kim,Young-Il Yoon,Chee-Hun Song,O-Yu Kwon 한국응용곤충학회 2010 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.05
To examine the expression profile of oxidative stress responsive genes in Spodoptera litura, we constructed a cDNA library from S. litura injected with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Using a microarray chip composed of 2,964 cDNAs, we screened gene expression at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 h post H2O2 injection. Data were clustered into 15 groups of genes that behave similarly across each time course. Seventy-three genes were identified as being at least 2-fold up- or downregulated after treatment with H2O2 in S. litura. We constructed expressed sequence tags (ESTs) for genes that changed at least 2-fold after treatment with H2O2. The functional classification of these ESTs based on Gene Ontology showed that the ESTs are rich in genes involved in oxidoreductase activity (5.7%), defense (14.3%), cellular process (22.9%), and development (17.1%).
부산지역 기계,금속산업의 네트워크분석과 경쟁력 제고방안
권오혁(O Hyeok Kwon),윤영삼(Yeong Sam Yun),최홍봉(Hong Bong Choi) 한국지역지리학회 2005 한국지역지리학회지 Vol.11 No.6
이 연구는 산업클러스터와 산업네트워크론의 관점에서 부산지역 기계·금속산업의 실태와 특성을 조사, 분석하였다. 이를 위해 산업네트워크와 산업클러스터의 관계를 재설정하고 산업네트워크의 구성부문들을 분석하는 이론적 작업을 시도하였다. 또, 부산지역 기계·금속산업의 발전과정 및 실태와 관련된 각종 통계 분석 작업과 함께, 이 분야의 기업들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 이 분석 결과로 다음의 세 가지 결론이 도출되었다. 첫째 부산지역 기계·금속산업은 비록 규모가 크지 않다고 하더라도 독자적인 산업클러스터를 형성하고 있다. 그것은 동남권 기계·금속산업벨트의 하위 구성요소로서 존재하기도 하지만 그 이전에 명확히 구별되는 국지적 산업클러스터를 형성하고 있다. 둘째, 부산지역 기계·금속산업의 기술수준 및 경쟁력은 여전히 낮은 수준에 머물러 있다. 이 지역의 업체들은 낮은 수준의 기술과 경쟁력의 균형상태에서 국지적 네트워크를 맺고 있는 것이다. 셋째, 부산지역 기계·금속산업클러스터를 현재의 정체상태에서 도약하여 고도화를 이루기 위해서는 선도기술형 산업클러스터로의 이행이 필요하며, 이 산업분야의 선도기술기업을 적극적으로 유치하거나 창업하도록 지원하는 것이 요구된다. This paper is to research the present conditions and characteristics of the machinery and metal industries in Busan region from industrial cluster and network point of view. The result of this study is as follows. First, a independent machinery and metal industrial cluster has been shaped in Busan region although it is not so large. Second, the technological level and the competitiveness of the machinery and metal industries in Busan region is still low. The companies in Busan area are interacted by local network with low-tech and low competitiveness. Third, we need to invite the technological leading companies to Busan region for this industrial cluster`s technological competitiveness is raised
디스플레이 IC 내장형 Dual-Port 1T-SRAM를 위한 간단한 시프트 로직 회로를 이용한 데이터라인 리던던시 회로
권오삼,민경식,Kwon, O-Sam,Min, Kyeong-Sik 한국전기전자학회 2007 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.11 No.4
본 논문에서는 Dual-Port 구조를 사용하는 Display IC용 내장형 1T-SRAM에 적합한 간단하고 효과적인 새로운 데이터라인 리던던시 회로(dataline redundancy circuit)를 제안하고 이를 0.18-um CMOS 1T-SRAM 공정을 이용하여 $320{\times}120{\times}18$-Bit Dual-port 1T-SRAM로 구현하여 검증하였다. 한 개의 인버터와 한 개의 낸드 게이트로 이루어진 시프트 로직 회로(shift logic circuit)를 이용해서 기존의 데이터라인 리던던시 회로 보다는 훨씬 간단하게 컨트롤 로직을 구현함으로써 한 개의 비트라인 페어(bit line pair)의 피치(pitch) 내에서 필요한 컨트롤 로직을 모두 구현할 수 있었다. 또한 시프트 로직 회로를 개선해서 worst case에서의 delay를 12.3ns에서 5.9ns로 52% 감소시켜서 워드라인 셋업 후에서 센스앰프 셋업까지의 시간 동안에 데이터라인 스위칭 작업을 완료할 수 있게 하여서 데이터라인 리던던시 회로의 타이밍 오버헤드(timing overhead)를 row cycle 시간에 의해 감추어지게 할 수 있었다. 본 논문에서 제시된 데이터라인 리던던시 회로의 면적 오버헤드(area overhead)는 약 7.6%로 예측된다. In this paper, a simple but effective Dataline Redundancy Circuit (DRC) is proposed for a dual-port 1T-SRAM embedded in Display ICs. The DRC designed in the dual-port $320{\times}120{\times}18$-bit 1T-SRAM is verified in a 0.18-um CMOS 1T-SRAM process. In the DRC, because its control logic circuit can be implemented by a simple Shift Logic Circuit (SLC) with only an inverter and a NAND that is much simpler than the conventional, it can be placed in a pitch as narrow as a bit line pair. Moreover, an improved version of the SLC is also proposed to reduce its worst-case delay from 12.3ns to 5.9ns by 52%. By doing so, the timing overhead of the DRC can be hidden under the row cycle time because switching of the datalines can be done between the times of the word line setup and the sense amplifier setup. The area overhead of the DRC is estimated about 7.6% in this paper.
Awareness and Impact of COPD in Korea: An Epidemiologic Insight Survey
( Yong Il Hwang ),( O Jung Kwon ),( Young Whan Kim ),( Young Sam Kim ),( Yong Bum Park ),( Myung Goo Lee ),( Dong Gyu Kim ),( Seung Hun Jang ),( Ki Suck Jung ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2011 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.71 No.6
Background: There were a few studies which were conducted to know about the behavior of the chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) patients. The aims of this study was to explore the behaviour of COPD patients, such as awareness and impact of disease, the pathway of visiting doctors, and the treatment pattern and preference. Methods: A face-to-face interview of 300 subjects with COPD was conducted. Results: The most concerned symptom which made the respondents to visit the hospital was ``breathlessness`` (78%). Only 58% of them knew the exact diagnosis. Seventy-three percent of them visited the hospital ``once a month`` or ``once every 2 month``. They have made 12.8 prescheduled visits to the hospital in the past 1 year. Unscheduled visits and hospital stay figured to two in the past year. Only 11% of respondents felt they were currently in good health. ``Severe`` and ``very severe`` COPD patients perceived their health to be in a worse condition than ``mild`` and ``moderate`` COPD patients. When conditions worsened, 42% of patients were hospitalized. The most common prescription treatment was a fixed combination of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β2 agonists (48%), followed by a long acting anticholinergics (38%). Conclusion: Over forty percent of the patients didn`t know exactly about their condition. Most of them had a negative attitude toward their current health status. Doctors need to know more about COPD patients in terms of their attitude toward the disease, impact of the disease, interaction with healthcare professionals and treatment related problems.