Playing the Feminine: Politics of Gendered Performances in Charlotte Dacre’s Zofloya

( Park¸ Joo Hyun ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2018 영어권문화연구 Vol.11 No.2

This essay explores the performativity of villainesses in Charlotte Dacre’s Zofloya to investigate Dacre’s ironic use of gendered ideals. Featuring two villainesses, Victoria and Megalena, who use their knowledge of the others’ desire for maidenly/matronly women in disguising and achieving their vile wants, Dacre exposes the fictitiousness of gendered ideals and mocks the one-dimensionality of gender norms. Victoria and Megalena are keen actresses adept in cloaking themselves in robes of femininity, and their efforts to perform the ideal feminine may mark them as submissive. But it is important to note that the performative selves over which the two villainesses have full command allow them to unravel gendered hierarchies, to turn the dynamics of male-female gazing on its head. Victoria and Megalena’s assertive personas, which Dacre condemns but does not soften, also gives hints as how we can understand Dacre’s defiant approach to gender politics of her time as well as to the gothic convention, both of which drew firm lines between the male and female. Like its villainesses who transgress the boundaries of gender, Dacre’s text also defies the gothic norm that relates terror to female and horror to male writing by appropriating them both. Like her female antagonists, Dacre performs the femimine role of an apologetic writer, reassuring the readers with “dear reader” comments and the violent deaths she pens for them. However, the fact that Dacre forces her readers to witness villainesses glide in and out of idealized female roles with ease and undermine, criticize, and subvert the gendered order of things reveals that Dacre’s intent had been to unnerve and disrupt, rather than titillate then reassure.

국소성 분절성 사구체 경화증의 완전 관해 후 발병한 IgA 신병증 1예

임현민,김현정,박민석,주혜원,최원,김상현,박원도 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

We report a rare case of primary glomerular disease with IgA nephropathy in a 43-year old man. 7-years ago, he was diagnosed with minimal change nephrotic syndrome. After treatment with steroid for 1-year, azotemia and proteinuria were improved. But, nephrotic range proteinuria was relapsed within 1 week after cessation of steroid. Renal biopsy revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and achived a complete remission with the use of steroids and cyclophosphamide. Then, he was followed up with normal renal function for 4-years. On admission, the patient showed generalized edema and marked proteinuria. In 3rd renal biopsy, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis with diffuse global sclerosis was observed. Electron microscopy showed electron-dense deposit on the mesangium with slight mesangial proliferation, and immunofluoroscence microscopy showed granular deposits of IgA and IgM. These features were consistent with IgA nephropathy, different from results of previous biopsies. The pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy occurred with primary FSGS is not clear, as well as treatment. Now, proteinuria is improving, steroid and cyclophosphamide are probably useful for the disease.

서초동(서울시 서초구)의 거미상

김주필(Joo Pil Kim),정혜리(Hye ri Jeong),김대희(Dae Hee Kim),박동우(Dong Woo Park),서재웅(Jae Woong Seo),이현우(Hyun woo Lee) 한국거미연구소 2017 한국거미 Vol.33 No.1

2016년 3월 31일부터 7월 31일까지 서울특별시 서초구 서초동에 위치한 서울고등학교 교정 일대를 서울고등학교 환경생물부 부원들이 채집 조사한 결과 20과 43속 53종의 거미가 조사 연구되어 이에 보고하는 바이다. From March 31st to July 31st in 2016, members of an environmental biology club at Seoul High School located in Seocho-gu, Seoul, Dae-Hee Kim, Dong-Woo Park, Jae-Woong Seo and Hyun-woo Lee, collected 20 families 43 genera 53 species of spiders and report the result of the study here.

이면성 및 도플러 심초음파도를 이용하여 진단한 선천성 거대 좌회선지-좌심실 관동맥루

진승원,박준철,이영중,유병현,박현옥,김용주,윤호중,김재형,홍순조,최규보,권종범,원용순,박건 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.4

국립공원 내 파충류 자원의 효율적인 관리를 위한 PIT(passive integrated transponder) tag과 무선추적방법(radio telemetry)의 적용

이정현 ( Jung Hyun Lee ),이헌주 ( Heon Joo Lee ),라남용 ( Nam Yong Ra ),김자경 ( Ja Kyeong Kim ),엄준호 ( Jun Ho Eom ),박대식 ( Dae Sik Park ) 한국환경생물학회 2009 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.27 No.2

본 연구는 PIT tag (passive integrated transponder)과 무선추적법(radio telemetry)을 오대산국립공원과 월악산국립공원에 서식하고 있는 파충류에 적용한 후, 이를 평가하여 효과적으로 국립공원 내 파충류 자원관리 방안을 모색하기 위하여 수행되었다. PIT tag은 현재까지 알려진 파충류 개체표시법 중에서 가장 효과적인 방법으로 2006년 3월부터 2008년 10월까지 오대산국립공원과 월악산국립공원의 조사지역에 출현한 모든 137마리의 뱀류를 대상으로 적용하였다. 무선추적 연구는 월악산국립공원에서 서식하고 있는 황구렁이(Elaphe schrenckii anomala) 2마리를 대상으로 2007년 9월부터 2008년 11월까지 실시하였다. 연구결과, 두 곳의 국립공원 지역에서 연구기간 동안 17마리가 재 포획되어 평균 12.40%의 재포획률을 보였으며, 재 포획된 개체들의 자료를 통하여 누룩뱀(Elaphe dione)과 쇠살모사(Gloydius ussuriensis) 성체의 SVL 증가를 성공적으로 확인하였다. 무선추적을 통하여 확인된 황구렁이 수컷의 행동권 면적은 MCP=389,600 m2, Kernel 95%=471,800 m2, 암컷은 MCP=162,500 m2, Kernel 95%=208,700 m2인 것으로 확인되었다. 국립공원 내에서 보호와 관리가 필요한 종 혹은 멸종위기대상 종인 파충류를 대상으로 PIT tag과 무선추적을 적용한다면 공원 내 파충류의 효율적인 관리 및 보존방안을 마련하는 데 중요한 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. To suggest effective ways of the management of reptiles in Korea national parks, we applied PIT (passive integrated transponder) tag and radio telemetry research methods in the monitoring of reptiles in Odaesan and Woraksan national parks. We implanted PIT tags into 137 snakes (six species) captured in both the national parks between March 2006 and October 2008 and also radio-tracked two Korean rat snakes (Elaphe schrenckii anomala) from September 2007 to November 2008 in the Woraksan national park. Of total 137 snakes which we had inserted the PIT tag, 17 snakes (12.40%) were recaptured. Based on the PIT tag data of the recapture, we successfully obtained the annual growth rate of Korean cat snakes (Elaphe dione) and Red-tongue pit-viper (Gloydius ussuriensis). Home range of the Korean rat snakes based on the data of radio-tracking was estimated as 389,600 m2 (MCP: Minimum convex polygon) and 471,800 m2 (Kernel 95%) for males and 162,500m2 and 208,700m2 for females. These results suggest that if we apply PIT tag and radio telemetry research methods to manage reptiles in Korea national parks, it could greatly increase our understanding about their basic ecology and as the result, it could allow us to develop better management and conservation ways of reptiles in Korea national parks.

영화 관객의 온라인 평가 분석 -<박쥐>를 중심으로

박승현 ( Seung Hyun Park ),송현주 ( Hyun Joo Song ) 한국지역언론학연합회 2010 언론과학연구 Vol.10 No.4

전문적 영화평론가들의 평가는 영화의 흥행성과에 직접적인 영향을 미친다. 그러나 인터넷이 활성화되면서 영화평론가의 비평뿐만 아니라 일반인들이 온라인상에서 작성한 평가들의 중요성이 점차 증대되고 있다. 전문가 비평과 더불어 네티즌들의 영화평 또한 평가의 주요 요소로 등장하게 된 것이다. 이에 따라 최근 전통적인 요인들에 더해서 온라인 영화평이 영화의 흥행성과에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구들도 늘어나고 있다. 하지만 이러한 연구들은 가시적인 수치인 평점에만 주목하고 있을 뿐, 실제 네티즌 영화평이 포함하고 있는 내용이나 영화평의 전반적인 품질에 대해서는 등한시하고 있는 실정이다. 이 연구는 네티즌 영화평의 영향력이 점증하고 있는 상황에서, 탐색적 수준에서나마 네티즌 영화평의 내용과 품질을 분석하고 평가해 보고자 했다. 이를 위해 찬반 혹은 긍정/부정으로 양극화되어 활발하게 논의되었을 뿐만 아니라, 그 과정에서 감독과 배우의 스타 파워, 전문가 평가나 영화제 수상 경력이라는 요인이 영화의 흥행성과에 미칠 수 있는 영향을 상쇄했던 것으로 추정되는 영화 <박쥐>에 대한 네티즌 영화평을 분석대상으로 선정했다. 한 포털 사이트의 영화 게시판에 등록된 영화평 중에서 추천수와 영화평의 분량 등을 고려하여 총 191건을 표집한 후, 감독과 배우 평가, 감독의 전작 평가, 영화의 세부적 내용 평가 등을 분석 유목으로 삼아 내용 분석을 실시했고, 이후 영화평의 ``주장 목록``, 즉 얼마나 많은 주장이나 주장의 근거를 포함하고 있는가를 평가의 강도에 따라 비교 검토하여 하나의 의견으로서 영화평의 품질을 탐색적 차원에서 분석했다. 분석 결과 평가의 강도가 강했던 집단은 영화의 세부적 내용 평가나 영화에 대한 전체적 평가 모두에서 영화평의 주장 목록이 풍부했던 반면, 평가의 강도가 약했던 집단의 영화평의 주장 목록은 상대적으로 빈약한 것으로 나타났다. 결론에서는 영화평의 내용분석과 품질 평가가 영화 흥행성과 연구나 네티즌 영화평 연구에 대해 지니는 함의를 논의했다. Film critics, who provide the audience with basic information about a certain movie such as the genre, actors, the director, the plot, and the visual, create their own personal evaluations with positive or negative judgement on the quality of the film in question. Since those activities play a crucial role in audience`s decision on film selection, film critics are regarded as a significant factor to the box office performance. In these days, however, online reviews written by ordinary audiences are viewed as another important factor to the box office performance. Like critics, online reviewers discuss such aspects of the film as the cast, story, and visual images. They also make personal judgements with positive or negative evaluations on the film. As online reviews become meaningful either for the audience or for the box office result, we can sometimes witness critical difference of evaluation between audiences and critics. As revealed in Dragon Wars: D-War, released in 2007, netizens had quite a confrontation with critics who aroused negative opinions. It was considered a remarkable event, recognizing that online reviews by ordinary audiences became another significant factor which played a crucial role in people`s decision on film selection and furthermore in the evaluation of a film. The Dragon War event was followed by The Thirst in 2009, directed by Chan-Wook Park. The Thirst opened an itinerary away from the world in which critics are viewed as the unique influencer. This paper investigates online reviews on The Thirst in order to analyze the way how they discussed and evaluated it. By using a method of content analysis, this study analyzed the opinion quality of online reviews with such evaluation points as the director, the cast, the plot, the genre, and the visual, whose data were collected from the Naver Movies Web site. The valence of online reviews were mostly negative, even though there were opposing views between audiences. The results show that they were the most active in the opening week and became critical in that week, even though most critics were reluctant to present their negative perspectives. Content analysis also shows that online reviews were similar in discussion concerning the evaluation points with which critics usually dealt in their criticism. Online reviews are more critical of the story of film and the expressive qualities of violent cruelty. But they are very positive to the supporting actors. According to argument repertoire, there is a significant difference between a group of positive opinions and that of neutral opinions.

머리염색이 인체에 미치는 영향

윤형식,황성호,이현륭,김수호,박연석,권낙현,정호진,김동훈,노현주,홍성호,박병찬,이관,정해관 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.1

일상생활에서 모발염색은 흔히 접할 수 있는 미용의 한 종류로 특히 젊은층을 중심으로 폭발적으로 유행하고 있다. 염색을 위항 사용하는 약제는 표백제와 발색제 등 각종 화학약품이 사용되고 있으나 이로 인한 건강장해에 대한 연구는 그리 많지 않다. 저자들은 염색이 인체의 모발건강에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 염색과 관련된 주관적 증상과 모발의 변화에 대한 실험적 연구를 시행하였다. 동국대학교 경주 캠퍼스 재학생 80명을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하여 염색 유 ·무 및 염색 후에 경험한 증상에 대해 설문 조사하였고, 의과대학 재학생 46명을 대상으로 피부 반응 테스트를 실시하였다. 또한 염색 전후의 모발 탄성도를 측정하였고 모발의 상태를 파악하기 위해 전자 현미경검사를 실시하였다. 설문조사 결과 염색 전에 비하여 염색 후 안구혼탁, 안구건조, 시력저하, 발진 및 접촉성 피부염, 모발손상, 모근손상 등의 증상을 더 많이 경험한다고 호소하였다(p<0.05). 모발손상과 모근손상은 헤어드라이어 사용 빈도에 따라 증가하는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 피부반응검사에서 가려움증이 가장 많은 증상이었으며 이는 여성보다는 남성에서 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 염색 전후의 모발장력은 염색 전 134.5±10.37g, 염색 128.0±30.69g, 염색 이틀 후 112.5±19.69g으로 나타났다. 염색 전후의 모발의 전자현미경 케라틴 층이 현저히 감소하고 모발이 가늘어지는 차이를 보였다. 염색은 모발손상, 모발 케라틴 손상 및 모근 손상, 발진 및 접촉성 피부반응, 안구혼탁, 안구건조, 시력 저하를 유발한다. 따라서 염색약으로 인한 손상에 대한 주의와 예방이 필요하다고 생각한다. 예방대책으로 염색 전 피부테스트를 통한 적합성 여부를 판단하는 것이 필요하며 가급적 염색을 피하는 것이 좋을 것이다. 염색약에 발암물질이 포함되어있다는 보고도 있어 염색 제조사의 철저한 실험과 염색 물질의 선별이 염색으로 인한 부작용을 최소화하는데 중요한 역할을 할 것이다. Hair coloring has became one of the most popular cosmetic activities to younger generations during last decade. However, there are few studies on the health effect of widespread use of chemical dyes. This study was conducted to study the effects of hair coloring dye on hair and other systems. We conducted a questionnaire survey of 80 persons in Kyongju campus, Dongguk University. We have done open patch skin test on 46 medical students. We also conducted scanning electron microscopy to examine the hair strength and structure before and after hair coloring process. Injury of hair and hair bulb, contact dermatitis, turbid eyes, xerophthalmia, and poor visual acuity were the main symptoms complained after hair coloring (p<0.05). Injury of hair and hair bulb were increased by frequency of hair-dryer use(p<0.05). In open patch test, pruritus was complanined by more than half of the subjects. Mean strength of hairs before and after hair coloring was as follows; 134.5 (SD 10.37)g before hair coloring, 128.0 (SD 30.69)g immediately after hair coloring, and 112.5 (SD 19.69)g after two days. The scanning electron microscopic findings of hair surface before and after hair coloring showed decreased keratin layer and thinning of the hair. Hair coloring induces injury to hair, its keratin layer, and hair bulb as well as contact dermatitis, turbid eyes, xerophthalmia, and poor visual acuity. Therefore, we think that precaution is needed in use of hair coloring dye. To prevent complications induced by hair coloring dye, it is necessary, especially to those with allergy or skin disorders, to perform skin test before action and avoid hair coloring whenever possible. Longterm health effects of hairdye should be studied and manufacturing companies should try to minimize complications induced by hair coloring dye.

간호사의 윤리적 딜레마

박현주 한국간호과학회 간호행정학회 2009 간호행정학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the lived experience of ethical dilemma of nurses and to describe the structure of the meaning of their experience for nurses. Method: The participants in this study were seven nurses with 3years and more careers who worked at general hospital and university hospital in T, P, K city. The data were collected from May, 2004 to September, 2004 through in-depth interviews untill saturated. The data were analyzed by phenomenological method suggested Giorgi. Results: Five main meanings were identified: Role limitation, Difficulty of decision, Self defensive position, Difficulty of interpersonal relation, A custom of unable expose. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, there is need to study for identify the ethical dilemma of nurses from the viewpoint of korea, and development of nursing ethics guidebook to guide ethical dilemma situation in nursing field.

圓光醫大 附屬 第2病院 神經精神科 患者에 對한 統計的 考察(Ⅱ)

박민철,장광철,김상원,김한주,유미경,김훈,유용진,김현정,박남진,오상우,이귀행,노승호,백영석 圓光大學校 醫科大學 神經精神科學敎室 1992 圓光精神醫學 Vol.8 No.1

본 연구는 1986년 7월 11일부터 1991년 7월 10일까지 원광의대 부속 제2병원 신경정신과에서 의래 및 입원치료를 받았던 6,072명의 환자를 대상으로 병원 역학조사를 실시하고 그 결과를 1차조사 (박민철 등1986)와 비교했다. 1.전체 환자 중 남자가 54.4%로 여자보다 많았고, 이리와 이리 인접지역이 84.0%로 대부분의 지역을 나타났다. 의료보장상태는 보험환자가 57.1%, 의료보호환자21.8%, 일반환자 21.1%였으며 연령별로는 20대 24.6%, 30대 22.8%로 20대 30대가 절반정도를 차지했다. 2.외래환자에서는 신경중성장애가 46.0%로 가장 많고 정동장애, 경련성장애 순이며, 입원환자에서는 정신분열증이 30.5%로 가장 많고 기질성정신장애, 정동장애의 순이었다. 3.남자는 신경증성쟝애(23.4%), 정신분열증, 기질성정신장애 순이고 여자는 신경증성장애(39.9%), 정동장애, 정신분열증의 순이었다. 남자가 여자보다 많은 진단은 알코올정신장애(94.6%), 기질성정신장애, 소아정신장애 순이고, 여자가 남자보다 많은 진단은 정동장애(64.5%), 신경증성장애였다. 4.진단별 연령분포에서 신경증성장에는 30대(25.3%), 20대, 40대 순이고, 정신분열증은 20대(40.5%), 30대, 40대 순이며, 정동장애는 20대, 30대, 50대 순이나 비교적 비슷한 융이었다. 5.진단별 발병연령에서 신경증성장에는 20대, 30대가 절반이고,정신분열증은 20대(51.3%), 10대, 30대 순이며 정동장애는 20대(30.7%), 30대, 50대 순이었다. 진단별 평균 발병연령은 신경증성장애 32.7세, 정동장애 36.1세, 정신분열증 23.6세였다. 6.진단별 이병기간은 2년이상이 신경증성장에 28.3%, 정신분열증 68.5% 정동장애 43.9%인데 전체적으로 41.0%였다. 진단별 평균 이병기간은 정신분열증 73.2개월, 정동장애 45.5개월, 신경증성장애 29.5개월이었다. We examined epidemiologic study of 6,072 patients who visited Wonkwang Neuropsychiatric hospital since July 11 of 1986 until July 10 of 1991 and compared this results with previous study(Park et al 1986). The study revealed as follows:1. Of total patients males visited this hosptial more than females as 57.1%, Most of them(84.0%) resided Iri and neighbouring Iri. In the point of insurance, insured patients, medicaid patients and uninsured patients were 57.1%, 21.8% and 21.1% respectively. On the distribution of age, the twenties, the thirties were 24.6%, 22.8% respectively and twenties and thirties were about half of total patients. 2. Of outpatients neurotic disorder was the most as 46.0%, secondly mood disorder and thirdly convulsive disorder, but of inpatients schizophrenia was the most as 30.5%, secondly organic mental disorder and thirdly mood disorder. 3. Of males neurotic disorder was the most as 23.4%, secondly schizophrenia, and thirdly organic mental disorder, but of females neurotic disorder was the most as 39.9%, secondly mood disorder and thirdly schizophrenia. alcoholic mental disorder(94.6%), organic mental disorder, child mental disorder were mostly found in males,but mood disorder(64.5%) and neurotic disorder were mostly found in females. 4. On the distribution of age neurotic disorder was found the most in the thirties(25.3%), next in the twenties and in the forties, and schizophrenia was found the most in the twenties(40.5%), next in the thirties and in the forties, but mood disorder was found the most in the twenties, next in the thirties and in the forties but revealed similar rates relatively. 5. On the distribution of age of onset neurotic disorder developed nearly half during the twrnties and the thirties, schizophrenia developed mostly during the twenties (51.3%), secondly the teens and thirdly the thirties, but mood disorder developed firstly the twenties(30.7%), secondly the thirties and thirdly the fifties. on the average age of onset of illness neurotic disorder, mood disorder and schizophrenia were 32.7 years, 36.1 years and 23.6 years respectively. 6. On the duration of illness more than two years was 28.3% in neurotic disorder, 68.5% in schizophrenia and 3.9% in mood disorder and on the average duration of illness schizophrenia, mood disorder and neurotic disorder were 73.2 months, 45.5 months and 29.5 months respectively.

생산성 저하 요인에 따른 린 시스템 활용방안 : 설계 단계를 중심으로

박주현,이학기 東亞大學校 建設技術硏究所 2005 硏究論文集 Vol.29 No.1

The construction productivity is a main index to measure the efficiency on the management of the project. Also, The productivity in the construction is not only a main factor associated with cost and schedule but also affects on the success or failure of the project. Regardless of the importance of the productivity in the project, Most of the studies of the productivity is just referring quantitative factors without pre-studying the principle and concept of the lean construction factors and the number of the data associated with the productivity, collected in construction site, is also lacking. To improve the construction productivity in the domestic construction, first of all, the management on the productivity must be taken from quantitative factors to qualitative factors, then a systematic and detailed process or method must be suggested factors. As explained above, the available way to meet this situation is the lean system. Through analyzing the correlation between factors decreasing the construction productivity and waste factors, and defining a new meaning of the waste in connection with domestic construction, it is the propose in this paper to suggest a theoretical basement to apply the lean system inside.