Autophagy and KRT8/keratin 8 protect degeneration of retinal pigment epithelium under oxidative stress

Baek, Ahruem,Yoon, Soojin,Kim, Jean,Baek, Yu Mi,Park, Hanna,Lim, Daehan,Chung, Hyewon,Kim, Dong-Eun Taylor and Francis 2017 AUTOPHAGY Vol.13 No.2

<P>Contribution of autophagy and regulation of related proteins to the degeneration of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remain unknown. We report that upregulation of KRT8 (keratin 8) as well as its phosphorylation are accompanied with autophagy and attenuated with the inhibition of autophagy in RPE cells under oxidative stress. KRT8 appears to have a dual role in RPE pathophysiology. While increased expression of KRT8 following autophagy provides a cytoprotective role in RPE, phosphorylation of KRT8 induces pathologic epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of RPE cells under oxidative stress, which is mediated by MAPK1/ERK2 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 1) and MAPK3/ERK1. Inhibition of autophagy further promotes EMT, which can be reversed by inhibition of MAPK. Thus, regulated enhancement of autophagy with concurrent increased expression of KRT8 and the inhibition of KRT8 phosphorylation serve to inhibit oxidative stress-induced EMT of RPE cells as well as to prevent cell death, suggesting that pharmacological manipulation of KRT8 upregulation through autophagy with combined inhibition of the MAPK1/3 pathway may be attractive therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AMD.</P>

تجليات الانزياح اللغوية والسردية في نماذج من قصص زكريا تامر

백혜원(Baek, Hyewon) 한국아랍어아랍문학회 2021 아랍어와 아랍문학 Vol.25 No.3

تسعى الباحثة إلى التركيز على السمات اللغوية والسردية التي تشكل الأسلوب الخاص لقصة زكريا تامر وتمنحها هوية أدبية فريدة وتكسبها أهمية نقدية وجمالية مع الاستعانة بمفهوم الانزياح (écart) علما بأن كل هذه السمات نجمت عن ظاهرة الانزياح في الخطاب الأدبي. وتعد تجليات لانزياح بحد ذاتها من الظواهر الأسلوبية الرئيسة من ناحية، ومن أهم المحددات للأسلوب وتعريفاته في العمل الأدبي من ناحية أخرى. ومن هنا يمكن القول بأن الدراسات الأسلوبية الشكلية لقصة زكريا تامر لا بد من أن تبدأ بالدرجة الأولى من تسليط الضوء على مفهوم الانزياح وفعالياته في القصص. وبناء على ذلك يتطرق البحث من باب الدراسة النظرية إلى مفهوم الانزياح بتفاصيله، وأهمية مفهوم الانزياح في دراسة الأسلوب الأدبي، ويحدد معايير ت This study “The linguistic and narrative manifestations of deviation in the stories of Zakaria Tamer” spotlights the linguistic and narrative characteristics of the stories of Zakaria Tamer focusing on the concept of deviation. These deviation-caused characteristics form a specific literary style in the stories, and ultimately gives them a unique literary identity and aesthetic importance. This research focuses on deviation because deviation is not only a stylistic characteristic of a work of literature, but is also one of the most important criteria in defining the literary style of a specific piece of literature. Therefore, it is absolutely necessary to focus on the concept of deviation and the linguistic and narrative characteristics that are derived from deviation when analyzing Zakaria Tamer’s work from the perspectives of literary style, linguistics, and structure (as opposed to the content or message).

A Role for Arabidopsis miR399f in Salt, Drought, and ABA Signaling

Baek, Dongwon,Chun, Hyun Jin,Kang, Songhwa,Shin, Gilok,Park, Su Jung,Hong, Hyewon,Kim, Chanmin,Kim, Doh Hoon,Lee, Sang Yeol,Kim, Min Chul,Yun, Dae-Jin Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2016 Molecules and cells Vol.39 No.2

MiR399f plays a crucial role in maintaining phosphate homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Under phosphate starvation conditions, AtMYB2, which plays a role in plant salt and drought stress responses, directly regulates the expression of miR399f. In this study, we found that miR399f also participates in plant responses to abscisic acid (ABA), and to abiotic stresses including salt and drought. Salt and ABA treatment induced the expression of miR399f, as confirmed by histochemical analysis of promoter-GUS fusions. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing miR399f (miR399f-OE) exhibited enhanced tolerance to salt stress and exogenous ABA, but hypersensitivity to drought. Our in silico analysis identified ABF3 and CSP41b as putative target genes of miR399f, and expression analysis revealed that mRNA levels of ABF3 and CSP41b decreased remarkably in miR399f-OE plants under salt stress and in response to treatment with ABA. Moreover, we showed that activation of stress-responsive gene expression in response to salt stress and ABA treatment was impaired in miR399f-OE plants. Thus, these results suggested that in addition to phosphate starvation signaling, miR399f might also modulates plant responses to salt, ABA, and drought, by regulating the expression of newly discovered target genes such as ABF3 and CSP41b.

Ticks Collected from Wild and Domestic Animals and Natural Habitats in the Republic of Korea

Baek-Jun Kim,Hyewon Kim,Sohyun Won,Heung-Chul Kim,Sung-Tae Chong,Terry A. Klein,Ki-Gyoung Kim,Hong-Yul Seo,Joon-Seok Chae 대한기생충학열대의학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.52 No.3

청소년들의 학교생활적응의 변화패턴과 지역사회인식의 동시 및 지연효과

백승희 ( Baek Seunghiey ),정혜원 ( Chung Hyewon ) 경북대학교 중등교육연구소 2018 중등교육연구 Vol.66 No.1

본 연구는 청소년들의 학교생활적응의 변화패턴과 지역사회인식의 동시효과 및 지연효과를 살펴보기 위하여 한국아동·청소년 패널조사(Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey: KCYPS)의 중1 패널 데이터 1차(중1)∼6차년도(고3) 자료를 사용하였다. 6년간의 학교생활적응 변화패턴과 지역사회인식의 동시효과 및 지연효과를 탐색하기 위해 잠재성장모형(Latent Growth Model: LGM) 분석을 적용하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 학년이 증가할수록 청소년들의 학교생활적응은 증가하다가 다시 감소하는 양상을 보였다. 둘째, 중1 시점의 지역사회인식이 높을수록 중1 시점의 학교생활적응이 높았으며 이러한 결과는 중학교 시기와 고등학교 시기 6년간에 걸쳐 같은 양상을 보여 동일시점에서 영향을 미치는 동시효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 셋째, 이전시점의 지역사회인식이 이후 시점의 학교생활적응에 영향을 미치는 지연효과를 검증한 결과 중2, 고1 시점의 지역사회인식이 높을수록 중3과 고2 시점에서 학교생활적응을 잘하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 시사점을 논의하였다. This study investigated the changing trajectory of adaptation to school life and contemporaneous and lagged effects of community awareness in Korean adolescents using KCYPS(Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey) panel data from the 1th to 6th wave. For the analysis, the latent growth model was applied to six time points(7th grade-12th grade). As the main results, First, as students advanced in school year, school life adaptation values showed signs of decrease following a preceding increasing period. Second, results of verifying the impact of the contemporaneous effects of community awareness on school life adaptation showed that 7th graders who displayed higher community awareness also displayed higher school life adaption values at the 7th grade. Consistent aspects were displayed over the 6 years of data, thus implying the existence of contemporaneous effect at concurrent periods. Third, analysis on impact of preceding community awareness on school life adaptation showed that 8th, 10th graders with higher community awareness displayed higher school life adaptation at the 9th and 12th grade, thus confirming the lagged effect. Implication of the study and recommendations for future reseach were discussed.

다층성장모형을 적용한 유아의 또래놀이 상호작용의 종단적 변화와 영향요인 분석

백승희(Baek, Seunghiey),정혜원(Chung, Hyewon) 한국열린유아교육학회 2017 열린유아교육연구 Vol.22 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 유아들의 또래놀이 상호작용의 시간 흐름에 따른 변화 추이를 살펴보고 변화에 있어 개인차에 대한 성별, 모의 양육스트레스, 양육행동, 자아존중감, 교사의 교수효능감과 교사-유아상호작용의 영향력을 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 육아정책연구소의 한국아동패널(Panel Study of Korean Children; PSKC) 4차년도(4세)에서 7차년도(7세)까지의 4년간의 종단 자료 2,150명(남아 1,091명, 여아 1,059명)을 사용하여 다층성장분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 유아들의 또래놀이 상호작용은 시간의 흐름에 따라 선형으로 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 둘째, 또래놀이 상호작용의 초기지(4세)는 여아일수록 교수효능감이 높을수록 높게 나타났으며, 변화율에는 모의 양육행동과 교수효능감은 부적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 주요 연구 결과를 바탕으로 유아기 또래놀이 상호작용의 종단적 변화가 관련 유아 정책에 가지는 시사점을 논의하였으며, 끝으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점을 제시하였다. The Purpose of this study is to estimate change rate of children’s interactive peer play and to test effects of gender, parenting stress, parenting behavior, self-esteem, teaching efficacy, and teacher-child interaction on the individual differences. For these purposes, a multi-level growth model was analyzed using the longitudinal data collected by the Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC) against 2,150 children (1,091 boys, 1,059 girls) between 4 and 7 years old over 4 years. The results are as following. First, children’s interactive peer play increased linearly over the years. Second, the initial status of interactive peer play appeared to be higher as teaching efficacy was higher, especially for the girls, and parenting behavior and teaching efficacy showed negative effect on its change rate. Based on the research results, this paper discusses the implication of the longitudinal trend of children’s interactive peer play has on related children’s policy and also suggests intention and limitation of this study.

성장혼합모형을 적용한 다문화수용성의 발달양상과 공동체의식의 변화에 대한 종단연구

백승희(Baek, Seunghiey),정혜원(Chung, Hyewon) 한국청소년정책연구원 2017 한국청소년연구 Vol.28 No.1

본 연구는 다문화수용성의 발달적 변화양상에서 이질적인 잠재계층이 존재하는지 검증하고, 각 잠재계층을 결정하는 데 영향을 미치는 요인들을 시점별로 탐색한 후, 다문화수용성의 발달적 변화양상을 통해 도출된 잠재계층에 따른 공동체의식의 변화양상을 종단적으로 살펴보고자 하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 한국청소년정책연구원이 수집한 한국아동·청소년 패널조사(Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey: KCYPS)의 중1 패널 데이터 2차년도(중2)부터 6차년도(고3)까지인 5년 동안의 자료 1,886명(남학생 924명, 여학생 962명)을 대상으로 성장혼합모형을 활용하여 잠재계층을 분류하고, 다항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 활용하여 영향요인을 확인하였으며, 다집단 성장모형을 활용하여 잠재 계층별 종단적 변화양상을 살펴보았다. 다문화수용성 발달적 변화양상에 따른 잠재계층을 확인한 결과 ‘증가집단’, ‘유지집단’, ‘감소집단’ 3개의 이질적인 계층으로 구분되었으며, 3개의 잠재계층을 결정하는 예측요인을 알아본 결과 개인요인인 해외방문경험, 가정요인인 부모의 양육태도(방임, 학대), 학교요인인 교우관계, 교사관계가 계층을 구분하는 주요한 예측요인으로 도출되었다. 잠재계층별 공동체의식의 종단적 변화양상을 살펴본 결과 증가집단이 초기치가 가장 높았으며, 변화율에서는 증가집단과 유지집단이 매년 상승하는 것으로 나타났다. 끝으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점을 논의하였다. The goals of the present study were to document the developmental trajectories of multicultural acceptance and the changes of relevant community spirit in adolescence. In order to do this, data used in this study was taken from the “Korean Child and Youth Panel Study(KCYPS)” of the National Youth Policy Institute(NYPI). 1,886 (924 male students and 962 female students) responses were gathered from freshman middle school students from the five years longitudinal surveys, including the youth panel group of the 2nd year through to the 6th year. The results were as follows. First, a fairly coherent and predictable picture emerged of 3 groups; a multicultural acceptance increasing group, a maintaining group, and a decreasing group. As expected, the pattern of multicultural acceptance and community spirit changed over the years, and distinct trajectories of multicultural acceptance were revealed during the study period. Second, multinominal logistic regression analysis indicated that trajectories of multicultural acceptance were significant and powerful predictors of latent class differences in overseas visiting experiences, parents rearing attitudes, peer relations and student-teacher relationships. The increasing group was found to have the highest initial average. Additionally, amongst both the increasing group, and the maintaining group, the rate of change was seen to increase significantly. Suggestions for future research were discussed, based on the limitations of this study.

초기 청소년이 지각한 사회적 지지와 학업열의의 구조적 관계: 자아존중감의 매개효과를 중심으로

백예은(Baek, Yeheun),정혜원(Chung, Hyewon) 한국교육학회 2021 敎育學硏究 Vol.59 No.5

본 연구는 초기 청소년의 자아존중감의 매개효과를 중심으로 초기 청소년이 지각한 사회적 지지 및 학업열의의 구조적 관계를 밝히는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 한국청소년정책연구원에서 수집하는 한국아동·청소년패널조사 2018 (Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018; KCYPS 2018)의 초4 패널 2차년도 자료인 초등학교 5학년과 중1 패널 2차년도 자료인 중학교 2학년 자료를 사용하였다. 또한 다집단 구조방정식 모형을 활용하여 변인 간 구조적 관계와 매개효과를 분석하였고 이에 대한 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 우선, 초·중학생 공통적으로, 초기 청소년이 지각한 부모지지가 자아존중감을 매개하여 학업열의에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 초기 청소년이 지각한 교사지지가 학업열의에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 또래지지의 경우, 자아존중감을 매개하여 학업열의에 간접적으로 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 중학생에게만 특징적으로 중학생이 지각한 교사지지가 학업열의에 직접적으로 정적 영향을 미침과 동시에 자아존중감을 매개하여 간접적으로도 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 중학생이 지각한 또래지지는 학업열의에 직접적으로는 부적 영향을 미치는 반면, 자아존중감을 매개하였을 때는 학업열의에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 학교급을 구분하여 분석함으로써 각 변인 간 달리 나타나는 구조적 관계를 밝히고, 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 초기 청소년의 학업열의를 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study is to test the structural relationship among early adolescents’ perceptions of social support (parental, teacher, and peer support), self-esteem, and academic engagement. For this purpose, a multi-group structural equation modeling was applied to the 2 wave of the Korean Children & Youth Panel Survey 2018 (KCYPS 2018) data sets (5th graders, n=2,471 and 8th graders, n=2,590). Results are as follows. For both elementary and middle school students, students’ perception of parental support had a significant positive effect on academic engagement by mediating self-esteem. Also, students’ perception of teacher support had a direct effect on academic engagement. Moreover, students’ perception of peer support had a significant positive effect on academic engagement by mediating self-esteem. In addition, for middle school students only, students’ perception of teacher support had a both significant direct effect as well as indirect effect by mediating self-esteem on academic engagement. While middle school students’ perception of peer support had a negative effect on academic engagement, it had a significant indirect effect on high academic engagement through self-esteem as a mediator. Based on the results of the study, implications to improve the academic engagement of early adolescents and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Association between dust storm occurrence and risk of suicide: Case-crossover analysis of the Korean national death database

Lee, Hyewon,Jung, Jiyun,Myung, Woojae,Baek, Ji Hyun,Kang, Jae Myeong,Kim, Doh Kwan,Kim, Ho Elsevier 2019 Environment international Vol.133 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Asian dust storms (ADSs) have been associated with adverse health outcomes, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Considering the increasing global desertification driven by climate change, it is necessary to assess dust storm-related adverse health effects for establishing appropriate public health interventions. Recent studies have found that ambient air pollution has negative effects on mental health including cognitive disorders, depression, and suicide. However, these studies mostly focused on traditional anthropogenic pollutants from traffic exhaust or fossil fuel power plants; the association between dust storms and suicidal death is yet to be determined.</P> <P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>To assess the association between ADSs and suicide risk in Seoul, South Korea from 2002 to 2015.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>To determine whether increased risk of suicide is associated with occurrence of ADSs, we performed a time-stratified case-crossover study that linked the national death statistics database with ADS occurrence data from the Korea Meteorology Administration. Exposure to ADSs was compared between the day of suicide and control days, matched to the day of the week, month, and year. We further examined whether the effect of ADSs on suicide risk differed according to ADS duration and intensity.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Over the 14-year period, 30,704 people died by suicide and 133 ADSs were reported. Of these, 55 ADSs lasted over 2 days (long-duration ADSs), and 67 ADSs had higher levels of particulate matter < 10 μm in diameter (PM<SUB>10</SUB>) that exceeded the 50th percentile value over the total 133 ADS days (high-intensity ADSs). Exposure to ADS was associated with a 13.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.5–22.4; <I>P</I> = .002) increase in suicide risk on the day of ADS occurrence. Long-duration and high-intensity ADSs were associated with a 19.8% (95% CI, 6.5–34.7; <I>P</I> = .003) and 17.0% (95% CI, 5.2–30.0; <I>P</I> = .004) increase in suicide risk, respectively. These associations remained robust after adjusting for local air pollution levels and meteorological factors. However, this association was not replicated in the unconstrained distributed lag model which revealed inferior goodness-of-fit to our data.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Exposure to ADSs was associated with an increased risk of suicide, especially on the same day. This study provides novel evidence of a relationship between ADSs and suicide. These findings could help in establishing public health interventions for suicide prevention as well as in establishing dust storm warning systems. Future studies are warranted to confirm if our findings are replicable and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We assessed the association between dust storm and suicide risk. </LI> <LI> Dust storm occurrence was associated with increased suicide risk. </LI> <LI> The association was stronger during long-duration and high-intensity dust storms. </LI> <LI> The finding may support interventions for suicide prevention and dust storm warning. </LI> </UL> </P>

중학생의 수업 이해도에 대한 성취목표 지향성과 자기결정성 동기 관계의 잠재계층 분류 및 영향요인 탐색

백승희(Baek, Seunghiey),정혜원(Chung, Hyewon) 한국교육방법학회 2017 교육방법연구 Vol.29 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate the heterogeneous associations of achievement goal orientation and self-determination with learning understanding as well as to test the effects of factors on determining the latent classes. In order to do this, data from the 3th round data 6,744(7th grade students 3,307 male students and 3,437 female students) of KELS 2013(Korea Education Longitudinal Study 2013) is employed. Regression mixture analysis identified four latent classes with differential associations of achievement goal orientation and self-determination with learning understanding. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that the gender, academic self-concept, self-management, parent-child interactionand parents’ academic involvement were significant determinants of the latent classes. But teacher and peer relationship were not significant factors in determining the classes. The findings of this study imply that the associations of achievement goal orientation and self-determination with learning understanding might differ across middle school students and various student and family factors were significantly related to the identified latent classes. Finally, Implication of the study and recommendations for future research were discussed. 본 연구는 중학교 1학년 학생들의 수업 이해도에 대한 성취목표 지향성과 자기결정성 동기 사이에서 이질적인 관계가 존재하는지 확인하고, 각 잠재계층을 결정하는 데 영향을 미치는 요인들을 탐색하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 한국교육종단연구2013(Korea Education Longitudinal Study; KELS)의 초등학교 5학년 패널 3차년도 자료를 사용하였으며, 중학교 1학년 6,744명(남학생: 3,307명(49%), 여학생: 3,437명(51%))을 대상으로 연구를 실시하였다. 회귀혼합분석을 활용하여 성취목표 지향성 및 자기결정성 동기와 수업 이해도의 관계 양상에서 잠재계층을 확인한 결과 4개의 이질적인 계층으로 구분되었으며, 다항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 활용하여 4개의 잠재계층을 결정하는 예측요인을 알아본 결과 개인요인인 성별, 학업적 자아개념, 자기관리 가정요인인 부모자녀 상호작용, 부모의 학업지원이 계층을 구분하는 주요한 예측요인으로 도출되었다. 반면, 학교요인인 교사관계, 교우관계는 계층의분류를 유의미하게 예측하지 못했다. 본 연구는 수업 이해도에 대한 성취목표 지향성과 자기결정성동기의 이질적 관계를 검증함으로써 집단 내 변인 간 관계의 이질적 속성을 확인하고 잠재집단을 결정하는 다양한 개인과 가족 영향요인을 확인하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 마지막으로, 본 연구의 구체적인 시사점과 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 논의하였다