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그람양성균이 의심되거나 증명된 피부 및 연조직 감염증의 치료에 대한 Linezolid의 효능과 안전성
엄중식,이혁,신동현,김양리,김신우,이충기,송재훈,김준명,강문원,김우주 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.2
Background : Linezolid, an oxazolidinone, has shown efficacy in the treatment of adults with nosocomial or community-acquired pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI), and infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. We have taken part in the study for evaluation of efficacy and safety of linezolid for the treatment of suspected or proven gram-positive SSTI in Asia. We sub-analyzed and reported the results of the study among Korean patients. Materials and Methods : A total of 60 patients were enrolled in the study for evaluation of efficacy and safety of linezolid for the treatment of gram-positive SSTI at eight teaching hospitals in Korea. We investigated patients' medical history, physical examination and laboratory study. Patients were regularly followed up to evaluate clinical response, laboratory changes, and adverse event up to 4 weeks after treatment. When possible, we performed microbiological study before and after treatment. Results : A total of 60 patients were enrolled. Average age of the patient was 50.9±15.3 years old with male to female ratio being 1.3 : 1. Cellulitis, open wound infection, skin abscess, and other clinical manifestations were observed in 47 (78.3%), 6 (10.0%), 2 (3.3%), and 5 (8.3%) patients, respectively. Forty two patients completed both follow-up and treatment and among them, treatment was successful in 38 patients (90.5%) and unsuccessful in 4 patients (9.5%). Microoranisms were isolated from seven patients and 14 isolates were documented; 11 S. aureus, 3 coagulase-negative staphylococcus. Among the seven patients, bacteria were eradicated in four patient and the organism proved to be colonization in three patients. The most frequent drug-related adverse events were gastrointestinal (21.7%), hematologic and biochemical (21.7%) and neurologic (3.3%), in decreasing order. Nausea (15%) was the most frequent symptom and there were no serious side effects related to linezolid. Conclusion : Linezolid was effective and safe in treatment of gram-positive SSTI. 배경 : Linezolid (Zyvox^(R))는 oxazolidmone 계열의 그람양성균 감염증에 대한 새로운 치료제로 그람양성균, 특히 메티실린 내성 포도구균과 반코마이신 내성 장구균에도 효과적인 것으로 알려져 있다. 연구자들은 아시아 지역에서 제 4상, 개방형, 공개, 다기관 연구로 진행되었던 "그람양성균이 의심되거나 증명된 피부 및 연조직 감염증에 대한 linezolid의 치료 효능 및 안전성"의 국내 연구결과를 분석하여 그람양성균에 의한 피부 및 연조직 감염증에 대한 linezolid의 치료 효과와 안전성을 평가하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 국내 8개 종합병원에서 피부 및 연조직 감염증의 원인으로 그람양성균이 의심되거나 증명된 입원 환자 중 사전동의를 하여 연구에 참가한 60명을 대상으로 하였다. 치료는 linezolid 주사제 1회 600 mg을 1일 2회 투여하였고 상태 호전시 연구자의 판단에 따라 동량을 경구로 전환할 수 있도록 하였다. 치료 시작부터 종료 후 4주까지 환자의 병력, 이학적 검사, 이상반응 증상 및 징후의 유무를 정기적으로 조사하였고 혈액학검사, 생화학검사, 소변검사 등의 결과를 평가하여 linezolid의 임상적 효과와 안전성을 판정하였다. 원인균의 분리를 위하여 가능한 경우 감염 병변으로 부터 그람염색 및 배양검사를 시행하였고 혈액배양검사를 함께 실시하여 미생물학적 근절여부를 판정하였다. 결과 : 환자군의 평균연령은 50.9±15.3세였고 남녀비는 1.3:1이었다. 진단별로 연조직염 47명(78.3%), 개방창생감염 6명(10.0%), 피하농양 2명(3.3%), 기타 5명(8.3%)이었고, linezolid의 평균 투여 횟수는 41.2±19.3회였다. 60명의 환자 중 추적 관찰을 포함한 모든 치료 일정을 마친 환자는 42명(70.0%)이었고 치료 성공은 38명(90.5%)이었고 4명(9.5%)이 치료에 실패하였다. 배양검사에서 7명의 환자로부터 원인균이 분리되어 4명이 미생물학적으로 박멸되었고 3명은 집락 형성으로 판정되었다. Linezolid와 관련된 이상반응은 소화기계 이상 13명(21.7%), 혈액 및 생화학적 이상 13명(21.7%), 감각신경계 이상 2명(3.3%)순이었고 단일 이상 반응으로는 오심(15%)이 가장 흔하였으나 linezolid와 관련이 증명된 중대한 이상반응은 없었다. 결론 : Linezolid는 그람양성균에 의해 발생되는 피부 및 연조직 감염증의 치료에 우수한 효과가 있었으며, 비교적 안전한 것으로 평가되었다.
『비급구법(備急灸法)』 중 「기죽마구법(騎竹馬灸法)」에 대한 고찰(考察)
신재혁 ( Jae Hyuck Shin ),송지청 ( Ji Chung Song ),엄동명 ( Dong Myung Eom ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2011 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.24 No.5
Objective: 「Qizhumajiufa」is one of the chapters in 『Beijijiufa』 and is also a name of method in moxibustion. Because it`s extraordinary way of form to find moxa-point out, there are several books that commented qizhumajiufa in history. We will try to explain how qizhumajiufa is showed in medical books(especilly in 『Beijijiufa』). Method: We try to find qizhumajiufa in medical books and its contents in those books. Result: In 1170, 『Weijibaoshu』 mentioned qizhumajiufa for the first time. In 1245, 『Beijijiufa』 also mentioned qizhumajiufa much more in detail with herbal prescriptins for disease related to qizhumajiufa. Besides, several books of moxa and acupuncture mentioned qizhumajiufa include Korean medical books. Conclusion: Qizhumajiufa is expert methods of moxibustion for abscess. In history it was a just methods of moxibustion but later it was mentioned a name of moxa-point.
『식료찬요(食療纂要)』에서 돼지고기를 이용한 식치(食治)에 대한 고찰(考察)
신재혁 ( Jae Hyuck Shin ),송지청 ( Ji Chung Song ),엄동명 ( Dong Myung Eom ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2011 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.24 No.3
『Shikryochanyo』written by Jeon Soonyi is a text that extracted paragraphs related to food therapy from medical books or materia medica of Korea and China. 『Shikryochanyo』treats disease by food instead of herbs(or drugs) and pork is the majority of methods as food therapy in『Shikryochanyo』. So there are 25 paragraphs of using pork, in 15 categories out of 45 in『Shikryochanyo』. However, it is known that pork is not recommended as a food when a person got disease and not allowed during medication in Oriental Medicine. As a food therapy in『Shikryochanyo』, not only pork itself but liver, kidney, stomach, bladder, heart, etc. are used and diverse food styles are applied as soup, porridge, roasting and so on.
신재혁(Jae-Hyuck Shin),송지청(Ji-Chung Song),맹학영(Hak-Young Maeng),엄동명(Dong-Myung Eom) 한국의사학회 2012 한국의사학회지 Vol.25 No.1
Objectives : 『Yayaoyuanfang』 is a prescription book, compiled by Xuguozhen in 1267. In 『Yayaoyuanfang』 there are 13 chapters including 「Throat, Mouth and Teeth」. Because there are few prescription books focused only on mouth and teeth disease in traditional medicine, 「Throat, Mouth and Teeth」 in 『Yayaoyuanfang』 is distinctive. Methods: We try to analyze prescriptions by form, effectiveness and report experiences in 『Yayaoyuanfang』. Results : There are 95 prescriptions with 77 powder, 5 paste, 5 liquid, 2 granule and 5 other forms. Effectiveness of those are divided into teeth, gum and mouth. Effectiveness for teeth are about pains, weakness, cavity, discoloration and so on. Effectiveness for gum are about pain, swelling, weakness, shrinking, etc. Effectiveness for mouth is about bad breath. Conclusions: 「Throat, Mouth and Teeth」 in 『Yayaoyuanfang』 has professional prscriptions for throat, mouth and teeth with several form and effectiveness.
Byoung Hyuck Kim,Keun-Yong Eom,Jae-Sung Kim,Hyung-Ho Kim,Do Joong Park 대한방사선종양학회 2013 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.31 No.3
Purpose: To evaluate the role of salvage radiotherapy (RT) for the treatment of regional lymph node recurrence (RLNR) after radical surgery in advanced gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 26 patients who underwent salvage treatment after diagnosis of RLNR between 2006 and 2011. Patients with peritoneal seeding or distant metastasis were excluded. Eighteen patients received RT with or without chemotherapy and the other 8 did chemotherapy only without RT. A three-dimensional conformal RT was performed with median dose of 56 Gy (range, 44 to 60 Gy). Sixteen patients had fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy, 5 did taxane-based chemotherapy, and irinotecan was applied in 4. Results: With a median follow-up of 20 months (range, 5 to 57 months), median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) after diagnosis of RLNR were 29 months and 12 months in the entire patients, respectively. Radiotherapy (p = 0.007) and disease-free interval (p = 0.033) were statistically significant factors for OS in multivariate analysis. Median OS was 36 months in patients who received RT and 16 months in those who did not. Furthermore, delivery of RT (p < 0.001), complete remission after salvage treatment (p = 0.040) and performance status (p = 0.023) were associated with a significantly better PFS. Gastrointestinal toxicities from RT were mild in most patients. Conclusion: Salvage RT combined with systemic chemotherapy may be an effective treatment managing RLNR from advanced gastric cancer.
Kim, Byoung Hyuck,Eom, Keun-Yong,Kim, Jae-Sung,Kim, Hyung-Ho,Park, Do Joong The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2013 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.31 No.3
Purpose: To evaluate the role of salvage radiotherapy (RT) for the treatment of regional lymph node recurrence (RLNR) after radical surgery in advanced gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 26 patients who underwent salvage treatment after diagnosis of RLNR between 2006 and 2011. Patients with peritoneal seeding or distant metastasis were excluded. Eighteen patients received RT with or without chemotherapy and the other 8 did chemotherapy only without RT. A three-dimensional conformal RT was performed with median dose of 56 Gy (range, 44 to 60 Gy). Sixteen patients had fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy, 5 did taxane-based chemotherapy, and irinotecan was applied in 4. Results: With a median follow-up of 20 months (range, 5 to 57 months), median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) after diagnosis of RLNR were 29 months and 12 months in the entire patients, respectively. Radiotherapy (p = 0.007) and disease-free interval (p = 0.033) were statistically significant factors for OS in multivariate analysis. Median OS was 36 months in patients who received RT and 16 months in those who did not. Furthermore, delivery of RT (p < 0.001), complete remission after salvage treatment (p = 0.040) and performance status (p = 0.023) were associated with a significantly better PFS. Gastrointestinal toxicities from RT were mild in most patients. Conclusion: Salvage RT combined with systemic chemotherapy may be an effective treatment managing RLNR from advanced gastric cancer.
Lipopolysaccharide로 유도된 BV-2 세포주의 염증반응에 대한 미세조류 부산물 당 가수분해물의 저해 활성
엄성환 ( Sung Hwan Eom ),최인후 ( In Hu Choe ),권혁주 ( Hyuck Ju Kwon ),이재화 ( Jae Hwa Lee ),이상훈 ( Sang Hoon Lee ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2015 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.20 No.1
In this study, we investigated anti-neuroinflammatory activities of enzymatic extracts of the microalgae residues, which were derived from the lipid extraction process, to improve the economic feasibility of algal biofuel. After lipid extraction, three microalgal residues (Chlorella sp., Nannochloropsis sp., Phaeodactylum tricornutum) were enzymatically hydrolyzed by four carbohydrases (Celluclast 1.5 L, Dextrozyme DX 1.5X, Promozyme D2, and Viscozyme L). Antioxidative activities of various enzymatic extracts from algal residues evaluated by measuring 2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), hydroxyl, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and alkyl radical-scavenging activities. All enzymatic extracts had scavenging potencies to ABTS + and alkyl radicals. Among the enzymatic extracts, Celluclast 1.5 L extracts from Nannochloropsis sp. residues (CN) showed the highest inhibitory activities on LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in murine BV-2 microglia, and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a dosedependentmanner. CN also significantly reduced the generation of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin- 1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in a dose-dependent manner. Hence, these antioxidant and anti-neuroinflammatory effects of CN might assist potential of microalgae residues as nutraceuticals for treatment and prevention against neurodegenerative diseases that are accompanied by microglial activation.