한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

Rat의 복강에 삽입한 Fluorouracil-Polyglycolic acid 제형의 Fluorouracil 용출에 관한 연구

노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,최정목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 忠南大學校 癌共同硏究所 1998 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.2 No.1

A common form of relapse in adenocarcinoma of the stomach is intraperitoneal dissemination, in fact, among gastric adenocarcinoma patients who have undergone surgery intended to cure, approximately 50% of the patients develope initial recurrence in the peritoneal cavity regardless of the anatomic site of the primary tumor within the stomach. The efficacy of systemic postoperative chemotherapy to prevent peritoneal recurrence of gastrric adcnocarcinoma is not satisfactory. There is still a great need for improved therapeutic strategies on the disseminated microscopic disease and small miliary nodules remaining on the peritoneal surface or lymphatics after operation. The authers have made fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(Fu-PGA disks) with fluorouracil and biodegradable polymer: polyglycolic acid for more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy. We inserted the Fu-PGA disk(s) in the peritoneal cavity of rat and pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, plasma, liver, kidney and heart tissue at 24 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour after insertion of Fu-PGA disk(s). Myelosuppressive action of this composite also was determined following its administration. The data of this study suggested that Fu-PGA composite will be a new device releasing drugs in a controlled manner and having targetability to peritoneum, and this device will be improving the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric adenocarcinoma.

Rat의 복강에 삽입한 Filorouracil-Polyglycolic acid제형의 Fluorouracil용출에 관한 연구

노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,최정목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

A common form of relapse in adenocarcinoma of the stomach is intraperitioneal dissemination, in fact, among gastric adenocarcinoma patients who have undergone surgery intended to cure, approximately 50% of the patients develope initial recurrence in the peritoneal cavity regardless of the anatomic site of the primary tumor within the stomach. The efficacy of systemic postoperative chemotherapy to prevent peritoneal recurrence of gastrric adenocarcinoma is not satisfactory. There is still a great need for improved therapeutic strategies on the disseminated microscopic disease and small miliary nodules remaining on the peritoneal surface or lymphatics after operation. The authers have made fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(Fu-PGA disks) with fluorouracil and biodegradable polymer: polyglycolic acid for more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy. We inserted the Fu-PGA disk(s) in the peritoneal cavity of rat and pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, plasma, liver, kidney and heart tissue at 24 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour after insertion of Fu-PGA disk(s). Myelosuppressive action of this composite also was determined following its administration. The data of this study suggested that Fu-PGA composite will be a new device releasing drugs in a controlled manner and having targetability to peritoneum, and this device will be improving the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric adenocarcinoma.

백서의 복강내에 투여한 Mitomycin-C-Polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

송규상,강대영,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

To evaluate the in-vivo effects of mitomycin-C-polyglycolic acid composite(MMC-PGA) the disk: shaped composite were implanted into the peritoneal cavity of the Sprague-Dawley rats. The pathologic changes were examined at various time points up to 12 weeks. Initially the soft tissue around the inserted disks showed capillary congestion at 3 days. Inflammatory infiltrates with foreign body giant cells appeared from the 2nd week and reached peak response at 6-8 weeks. These reaction diminished prominently at 12 weeks. No specific pathologic change was found in the liver, the kidneys, and the heart. The above results suggest that the MMC-PGA composite can serve as a new device for intraperitoneal chemotherapy of various types of cancers.

Rat의 복강내에 투여한 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

강대영,송규상,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

For more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy, the authers made 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(FU-PGA disks) with 5-fluorouracil and polyglycolic acid, a biodegradable polymer. We inserted the FU-PGA disk into the peritoneal cavites of Sprague-Dawley male rats, the control and three experimental groups; one FU-PGA disk insert group(300mg/kg), two FU-PGA disk insert group(600mg/kg), and three FU-PGA disk insert group(900mg/kg). The control group received a similar number of PGA disk inserts. A pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure the 5-fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, blood, and tissues(liver, kidney and heart) at 24 hours, 72hours and 168 hours after insertion of the FU-PGA disk. Light and electron microscopic studies were done. The results were as follows: 1) The number of white blood cells and platelets decreased after FU-PGA insertion. The degree was proportional to the duration and amounts inserted. The change in the number of red blood cells varied slightly. 2) Light microscopically, slight changes were noted at 168 hours in the 3 disk insert group (900mg/kg). Mild fatty change and hepatocyte degeneration around the central veins of the liver were noted, with vacuolar degeneration in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney. 3) Electron microscopically,the liver showed focal increases of lipid droplets in the hepatocytes, and irregular nuclear membrane with focal nucleolar segregation of the fibrillar and granular elements. Also the double membranous structure of the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells was widened with bleb formation. The kidney showed wide separation of the nuclear double membrane in the proximal convoluted tubular cells and mesangial cells, with vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the proximal convoluted tubular cells, at 72 hours and 168 hours in the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. The heart showed focal loss of cristae,vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. In conclusion, despite the large amont of FU-PGA inserted, the histopathological changes in the liver, kidney and heart were slight, and consonant with the very low amount of 5-fluorouracil concentrations detected in the liver, kidney and heart. The above results suggest that the FU-PGA composite can serve as a new device for releasing drugs in a controlled manner and easily targeted to intraperitoneal organs. This device can improve the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

좌심실내 혈류 전파 속도에 관한 연구

최시완,정진옥,강승식,성인환,박종훈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1995 충남의대잡지 Vol.22 No.1

Background : Noninvasive attemps to identify left ventricular relaxation have been hampered because relaxation rate, left atrial filling pressure, and chamber compliance are the major determinants of peak early velocity and filling rate. This study was perfomed to evaluate the relation between the velocity of flow propagation and left ventricular relaxation by using pulsed doppler echocardiography to analize flow propagation in the left ventricle. Method : By using pulsed Doppler echocardiography, the velocity of left ventricular flow propagation was measured from the distance and time difference of flow wave along the long axis propagation of left ventricular inflow during early filling in normal subjects (n=30), and M-mode echocardiographic data were obtained to evaluate mitral annulus long axis movement (mitral annulus relaxation rate) which represents left ventricular relaxation. Results : the peak early velocity was not related to mitral annulus relaxation rate, but, the velocity of flow propagation was related to mitral annulus relaxarate (P<0.005) in normal subjects. Conclusion : the velocity of flow propagation during early filling seems to be highly dependent on the mitral annulus relaxation rate and could be an important noninvasive tool in studying diastolic function.

Nd : YAG 및 Er : YAG 레이저로 치아표면 조사시 브라켓 전단접착강도에 관한 실험적 연구

최승훈,양원식 대한치과교정학회 1997 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.27 No.1

교정장치의 직접접착으로 인한 브라켓 주위의 탈석회화 개선 및 산부식시 야기되는 법랑질의 목적 부위 이상으로의 산의 유출방지와 시술시 시간소요 개선을 목적으로 레이저를 조사한 치면의 주사전자현미경 소견을 관찰하고 브라켓과 치면 사이의 전단접착강도 및 적합한 조사에너지량을 측정, 평가하기 위하여 실험을 시행하였다. 실험재료로 189개의 소구치를 사용하여 산부식 및 Nd:YAG 레이저로 100mj 10pps, 100mj 20pps, 150mj 20pps, 200mh 20pps를, Er:YAG레이저로 60mj 5pps, 60mj 10pps, 100mj 10pps, 200mj 10pps, 200mj 15pps, 400mj 10pps를 조사한 각 15개 총 165개의 치아를 교정용 접착제로 접착한 후 24신간, 1주, 3주 후로 나누어 전단 접착강도를 측정하였으며, 나머지 24개의 치아에서 산부식군과 각 레이저 조사군 및 정상치아인 비처치대조군을 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Nd:YAG 레이저 및 Er:YAG 레이저의 각 조사에너지량에 따른 평균 및 표준편차를 얻었다. 2. 같은 에너지 밀도를 조사한 경우 Er:YAG 레이저 조사군의 전단접착강도가 Nd:YAG 레이저 조사군보다 높았다. 3. Nd:YAG 레이저 조사군에서는 150mj 20pps에서, Er:YAG 레이저 조사군에서는 200mj 15pps에서 가장 높은 전단접착강도를 보였다. 4. 전단접착강도 및 주사전자현미경 관찰 결과 브라켓 접착시 Nd:YAG 레이저 조사군에서는 150mj 20pps, Er:YAG 레이저 조사군에서는 60mj 10pps 조사가 적합하다고 인정되었다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Nd:YAG laser and the Er:YAG laser on etching enamel for direct bonding of orthodontic bracket. The advantages of laser etching rather than conventional acid etching are to reduce the subsurface demineralization rate, to inhibit the spillage of acid onto uninvolved areas of enamel, and to save the clinical manipulation time involving drying, washing and drying again. 189 freshly extracted human premolars were prepared for this research. 165 out of them were divided into 11 groups of 15 teeth. One group was acid etching and the rest groups were irradiated with Nd:YAG laser by four different energy levels(100mj 10pps, 100mj 20pps, 150mj 20pps, 200mh 20pps) and with Er:YAG laser by six different energy levels (60mj 5pps, 60mj 10pps, 100mj 10pps, 200mj 10pps, 200mj 15pps, 400mj 10pps). Shear bond strength was tested with Instron after 24 hours, one week, and three weeks. Twenty-four out of 189 teeth were divided into twelve groups ; untreated control, acid etching, and ten laser irradiation subgroups. And the ultrastructural enamel surfaces of each group were observed with scanning electron microscope. The results were as follows; 1. The means and the standard deviations of shear bond strength of Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser irradiation by different energy levels were obtained. 2. Shear bond strengths of Er:YAG laser irradiation groups were higher than those of Nd:YAG laser irradiation groups at the identical energy level. 3. Maximum bond strengths was achieved at the energy of 150mj, 20pps in Nd:YAG laser irradiation groups or 60mj, 10pps in Er:YAG laser irradiation groups. 4. It was acceptible for direct bonding to irradiate 150mj 20pps with Nd:YAG laser or to irradiate 60mj 10pps with Er:YAG laser considering the results of shear bond strength tests and SEM obsesvation.

건축 단열재의 장기 경년변화에 따른 열전도율 변화에 관한 실험 연구 Ⅱ

최현중,정영선,김경우,강재식,이승언 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

The objective of this study is to test for thermal conductivity of architecture insulation materials in domestic buildings with environmental condition change. In study, we measured change of thermal conductivity with test temperature change, long-time leaving and change of contained water rate. For long-time leaving test, the specimens of building insulation materials were kept in test conditions, which were influenced by the outside environment. The results of the study show 1) the contained water rate of artificial mineral fiber insulations was big for others, 2) thermal conductivity rose as test temperature(median) grew up and 3) the extruding insulations and hardened Urethane foam changed thermal conductivity with environmental condition and time elapse.

방사선학적 치근단병소의 크기와 특징에 대한 치근단낭종 및 육아종의 상관관계연구

최호식,이우철,손원준,금기연,배광식,백승호 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.1

The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship of radiographic lesion size, gender, age of patients and radiographic character to the diagnosis of periapical cyst and granuloma. The data was collected from 187 periapical lesions of 167 patients who undergone apical surgery at Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital from 2003 to 2005. The lesion were surgically removed and send for biopsy to the Oral Pathology Laboratory. From the initial radiograph, lesion size was calculated using PiViweSTAR (INFINITT, Korea) program. The obtained data were statistically evaluated using SPSS (p<0.05). The result were as followings: 1. From 187 biopsy samples, the incidence of periapical cyst was 28.34% and granuloma was 65.24%. 2. There was a significant correlation between periapical cyst and the size of radiographic lesion (p<0.01). 3. There were no significant correlations between age, gender, location of lesion and the final diagnosis (p>0.05). 4. There was a significant correlation between the non-demarcation of the lesion and the incidence of periapical granuloma (p<0.01). 본 연구는 2003년부터 2005년까지 서울대학교 치과병원 보존과에 내원한 환자 중 치근단수술을 시행한 환자 167명에서 생검을 위해 적출한 187개의 치근단병소를 대상으로 하였다. 수술 후 조직검사 결과 얻은 진단명과 환자의 진단기록에서 환자의 성별, 나이, 발병 부위, 방사선 사진 상의 특징 그리고 병소의 크기와의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 초진시 방사선 사진에서 치근단병소의 크기를 PiViewSTAR (INFINITT, Korea)를 이용하여 화소를 계산함으로써 면적을 구하였다. 이를 바탕으로 통계 분석프로그램 SPSS (version 12.0K, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA)를 이용해 방사선사진상 크기와 진단명과의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 나이와 진단명과의 상관관계는 일원배치 분산분석을 시행하고 성별, 부위, 방사선사진상의 특징과 진단명과의 상관관계는 교차분석을 통해 카이제곱검정으로 조사하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 187의 치근단병소 조직검사결과 치근단병소 중 치근단낭종의 비율은 28.34%, 육아종의 비율은 65.24%, 기타병소의 비율은 6.42%로 나타났다. 2. 방사선사진상 병소의 크기가 커질수록 치근단 낭종일 확률이 높았다(p<0.01). 3. 나이, 성별, 발병부위와 진단명사이에서 유의 한 상관관계가 없었다(p>0.05). 4. 병소의 경계가 명확하지 않은 것과 치근단육아종의 발생빈도는 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보였다(p<0.01).

공동주택의 장수명화 및 재생을 위한 IHCS 표준모델 개발 : 개념 및 특성을 중심으로 With a focus of Concept and Character

최경석,강재식,양관섭,이승언 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

Recently Excessive national resources, energy losses and social·economical problems are induced by reconstruction apartment housing which was constructed about 20 years and is enough to keep one's residence structurally. Especially, the greatest obstruction in longevity & recycling technology of apartment housing is the current Ondol system of wet process integrated structures. Also the current Ondol system is difficult to improve due to its character of material and process. The object of this study is to develop IHCS(Infill Heating & Cooling System) standard model with prefabricated & dry process that shall be the substitution for the current wet Ondol system.