만성 간장 질환자에서 뇌 MRI 상의 pallidal index와 생물학적 망간지표들 간의 관련성

최영희,박능화,신정우,김효경,김성률,정태흠,박지강,이헌,유철인,이충렬,이지호,김양호 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목적 : 만성 간장 질환자를 대상으로 T1강조 자기공명영상(MRI)에서 나타나는 담창구 부위의 고신호강도 소견(pallidal index, PI)과 생물학적 망간 지표들 간의 관련성을 알아본다. 방법 : B형간염 바이러스에 의한 간경변증으로 진단 받은 40세 이상의 환자 31명과 정상 대조군 10명을 대상으로 설문조사와 혈액 및 소변검사, 뇌 MRI를 시행하였다. 전체 41명 가운데 검사 전 수혈을 받았던 환자군 9명을 제외하고 전체 32명의 자료를 분석하였다. 망간 축적에 관련된 객관적 지표로서 T1 강조 MRI에서 나타나는 담창구 부위의 고신호강도를 전두부 백색질 신호강도로 나눈 수에 100을 곱하여 구한 PI를 택하였다. 환자군과 대조군 사이의 PI와 망간농도들의 평균을 비교하였다. 여러 변수들과 PI와의 상관성을 보기 위해서는 상관분석을 시행하였다. 결과 : 간장 질환자 22명 가운데 18명(81.8%)에서 뇌 MRI 상 고신호강도가 나타났다. 대조군 10명에서는 아무도 MRI 소견상 고신호강도가 나타나지 않았다. 간장 질환자에서의 평균 PI는 122.62로 대조군의 106.23보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.01). 간장 질환자의 전혈에서 망간농도는 2.34㎍/㎗으로 대조군의 1.44㎍/㎗와 비교하여 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 혈장과 소변 내 망간농도는 대조군에서 다소 높게 나타났으나, 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 또한 혈색소, 빌리루빈, AST가 대조군과 환자군 사이에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 전혈(p=0.489, P<0.01, n=29)과 적혈구(p=0.573, P<0.01, n=22) 내 망간농도와 PI 사이에는 각각 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 그러나 혈장과 소변 내 망간 농도와 PI와의 상관관계는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 총빌리루빈 또한 PI와 유의한 상관관계를 나타내었다(p=0.509, P<0.01, n=32). 결론 : 전혈 또는 적혈구 내의 망간 농도가 뇌 내 망간 침착으로 인한 T1 강조 MRI상 담창구 부위의 고신호 강도를 잘 반영하는 유용한 지표이다. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to clarify which biological manganese exposure indices reflect the pallidal signal intensities in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in liver cirrhotics. Methods: We examined whole blood, plasma, RBC and urinary manganese concentrations, as well as, brain MRI in 22 cirrhotic patients and 10 healthy controls. From MRI scans we calculated the signal intensity of the globus pallidus using the pallidal index (PI), the ratio of the globus pallidus to subcortical frontal white-matter signal intensity in axial T1 -weighted MRl planes multiplied by 100. In addition, we studied the relationships between PI and other measurements. Results: The high signal intensity in the globus pallidus on T1-weighted MRI was observed in 18 (81.8%) patients. There was a significant correlation between whole blood and RBC manganese concentration, and PI on MRI. According to multiple linear regression, whole blood and RBC manganese concentration reflected PI on MRI better the other indices did. Conclusions: Whole blood and RBC manganese concentrations could be useful as biological manganese exposure indices that reflect PI on MRI.

전유전체 서열 분석과 가시화를 위한 워크벤치 개발과 응용

최정현,진희정,김철민,장철훈,조환규 한국유전학회 2002 Genes & Genomics Vol.24 No.2

An increasing number of genome sequencing projects results in explosive growth of whole genome sequences. Furthermore the number of studies on the functions of individual genes has also been rapidly increased. However on-memory algorithms are not applicable to the analysis of whole genome sequences, since the size of individual whole gene a ranges from several million base pairs to hundreds billion base pairs. In order to effectively manipulate the huge sequence data, it is necessary to use the indexed data structure for external memory. In this paper, we introduce the development and application of the workbench for the analysis and visualization of whole genome sequences using string B-tree that is suitable for the analysis of huge data. This system consists of two main parts, the analysis query part and the visualization part. The query system supports various transactions such as pattern matching, k-occurrence, and k-mer analysis. The visualization system helps biologists to easily understand whole genome structure and specificity by various kinds of visualization such as whole genome sequence viewer, annotation viewer, CGR (Chaos Game Representation) viewer, k-mer viewer, RWP (Random Walk Plot) viewer, and map viewer. We can find the relationships among organisms, support gene prediction in a genome, and study the function of junk DNA using our workbench. In this paper, we apply our workbench to investigating specific sequence such as avoided sequence, common sequence, and classifiable sequence.

중추에서 Prostaglandin계가 Renin-angiotensin System에 미치는 영향

최영태,김종승,문성호,오형균,김재훈,전제열,염철호,윤평진 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1997 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.22 No.1

Role of prostaglandins on the renin-angiotensin system in the central nervous system was examined in normotensive and 2-kidney, 1 clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats. The experiment was done under thiopental (50 ㎎/㎏, IP) anesthesia. Captopril and indomethacin were injected into the right lateral cerebral ventricle. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were recorded from the femoral artery. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) captopril (1 ㎎) caused a decrease in mean arterial pressure in both normotensive and 2K1C hypertensive rats. The depressor response to captopril was more sensitive in hyper-tensive rats than in normotensive rats. Indomethacin treatment (ICV, 200 ㎎) altered the depressor response to captopril neither in normotensive nor in hypertensive rats. These results suggest that the cardiovascular effect of renin-angiotensin system in the central nervous system may not be mediated via prostaglandin systems in normotensive and 2KlC hypertensive rats.

다중 특징의 반복 분석에 의한 퍼지 분류기

최재익,나철훈 木浦大學校 工業技術硏究所 1997 工業技術硏究誌 Vol.7 No.-

A fuzzy classifier which needs various analyses of features using genetic algorithms is proposed. The fuzzy classifier has a simple structure, which contains a classification part based on fuzzy logic theory and a rule generation part using genetic algorithms. The rule generation part determines optimal fuzzy membership functions and inclusion or exclusion of each feature in fuzzy classification rules. We analyzed recognition rate of a specific object, then added finer features repetitively if necessary to the object which has large misclassification rate. And we introduce repetitive analyses method for the minimum size of strings and population, and for the improvement of recognition rates. This classifier is applied to three examples of the classification of iris data, the discrimination of thyroid gland cancer cells and the recognition of confusing handwritten and printed numerals, each sample numeral is classified into one of the groups which are diveded according to the sample structure. The fuzzy classifier proposed in this paper has recognition rates of 98.67% for iris data, 98.25% for thyroid gland cancer cells and 96.3% for confusing handwritten and printed numerals.

부산, 울산, 경남지역 직업병감시체계에서 나타난 수지진동증후근의 역학적 특성

최영희,유철인,이지호,이충렬,이헌,김영욱,채창호,고상백,김은아,이유진,김양호 大韓産業醫學會 2003 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.15 No.3

목적: 국내에서도 국소진동에 의한 수지진동증후군이 다수 있을 것으로 추정하나 최근에 이에 대한 보고가 적어 부·울·경 직업병감시체계를 통하여 수지진동증후군에 대한 환례를 수집하여 이의 역학적 특성을 밝히고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방법: 2001년 44월부터 2002년 12월까지 부산, 울산, 경남지역에 있는 종합병원 9곳을 통하여 특수 건강진단과 산업의학과 외래를 방문한 근로자를 대상으로 진동폭로에 대한 설문조사를 실시하고 이들중에서 수지진동으로 인한 증상을 호소하는 근로자는 이학적 검사와 Stockholm workshop scale을 이용하여 수지진동증후군이 있는지 평가하였다. 결과: 남자 188명, 여자 4명 등 총 192례의 수진진동증후군이 의심되는 환례를 수집하였으며, 업종별로는 조선업에 종사하는 근로자들이 가장 많았다. 국소진동의 주된 폭로원은 그라인더가 가장 많았으며, 혈관장해로 인한 증상보다 감각신경성 장해로 인한 증상을 많이 호소하였다. 결론: 전국적으로 조선업종의 그라인더 사용자를 중심으로 많은 수의 수지진동증후군의 환자가 있을 것으로 추정되며, 이들에 대한 예방대책을 마련하기 위하여 전국규모의 정확한 유병률 조사 및 실태파악이 필요한 것으로 판단된다. Objects: The objectives of this study were to estimate the epidemiologic characteristics of hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) due to occupational exposure of hand transmitted vibration and to identify the occupations and industries where such exposures arises, and the main sources of exposure. Methods: In April 2001 the Busan, Ulsan, and Kyung-Nam Province occupational disease surveillance system was established to measure the incidence and prevalence of work-relatd HAVS and other occipational diseases in these Korean provinces. Occupational physicians of nine hospitals in Busan, Ulsan, and Kyung-nam Province were involved in this project between April 2001 and November 2002. Physicians collected information through questionnaires and interviews. Information gathered included age, occupation, types of vibration tools used and presence of subkective symptoms such as vibration-induced white finger (VWF), numbness and tingling. Results: A total 192 cases were reported with 188 males and 4 females. The shipbuilding industry was the most common type of industry and grinders were the most common source of exposire. Symptoms of neurological disorder were more common than those of vascular disprder. Conclusions: The authors concluded that exposure to hand transmitted vibration is common and that HAVS is one of the most common occupational diseases in Korea. However, the range and extent of hand transmitted vibration and the overall prevalence of HAVS in Korea is still unknown. More extensive research on this syndrome in order to priorite necessary preventive measures is required.

수지진동증후군의 진단시 냉각부하검사에 의한 수지피부온도의 평가

유철인,이지호,이충렬,이헌,최영희,김양호 大韓産業醫學會 2002 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.14 No.2

목 적 : 진동에 폭로된 근로자들을 대상으로 진동장해의 유무를 평가하고 냉각부하 후 수지피부온도를 측정하여 수지진동증후군의 유형별로 결과를 평가하여 향후 수지진동증후군 진단의 객관적인 지표로 사용하기 위한 기본적인 자료를 확보하고자 본연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 진동에 폭로된 근로자 58명을 대상으로 설문조사와 이학적 검사를 실시하였으며 Stock-holm-revised vibration syndrome classification system에 따라 근로자를 평가하였다. 평가 후 연구대상자들을 말초혈관증상군, 말초신경증상군, 특별한 중상이 없는 무증상군으로 분류하여, 10 ℃에서 10분간 냉각부하하면서 수지피부온도를 측정하고, 측정된 수지피부온도를 이용하여 5분 회복율과 10분 회복율을 산출하여 각 군별로 비교하였다. 결 과 : 연구대상자들을 분류한 결과 말초혈관장해를 호소하는 군이 33명이었으며, 말초신경장해만 있는 군은 18명이었으며, 특별한 증상이 없는 무증상군이 7명이었다. 수지냉각부하검사결과 냉각부하가 끝난 다음 5분, 10분 후에 측정한 피부온도와 5분 회복율, 10분 회복율은 혈관증상군이 신경증상군과 무증상군에 비하여 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았다(P<0.05). 결 론 : 냉각부하시 수지피부온도를 이용한 회복율은 수지진동증후군의 말초혈관장해 진단에 객관적인 지표로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 추정된다. Objectives : Various objective tests have been widely used worldwide for diagnosing the hand-arm vibration syndrome. Among these, the cold provocation test has been frequently used to confirm the presence of Raynaud's phenomenon. This study was carried out in order to evaluate finger skin temperature by cold provacation test(10 ℃ for 10 minute) for the diagnosis of hand-arm vibration syndrome Methods : Fifty-eight workers who had been to exposed local vibration were examined. Information concerning age, occupation, types of vibration tools used, presence of subjective symptoms such as vibration induced white finger(VWF), and numbness and tingling were collected. The subjects were classified into three groups according to their symptoms(Vascular, Neural, and No symptom group). In order to examine the applicability of the cold provocation test using water at 10 ℃ for 10 minute, we compared finger skin temperature between the groups. Results : The mean value of the finger skin temperature at 5 minutes and 10 minutes after cold provocation as well as the recovery rate in the vascular group were significantly lower than that seen in the other groups. Conclusions : The evaluation of finger skin temperature by cold provocation test is very useful method for the diagnosis of hand-arm vibration syndrome. The test results will assist in confirming the diagnosis of the hand-arm vibration syndrome.

무선통신채널에서 QAM신호의 전송과 채널 특성에 따른 신호점 배치에 관한 연구

柳尙進,崔在翼,羅哲勳 木浦大學校 工業技術硏究所 1998 工業技術硏究誌 Vol.8 No.-

최근 들어 새롭고 복잡해져가는 정보의 대량 전송과 정보 체계의 다양화에 따라 여러 방식의 전송 기법이 개발되고 있다. 그리고 보다 편리한 무선통신의 가입자 수요는 급증하고 있는데, 아날로그 방식보다는 다지틀 방식이 요구되고 스펙트럼 활용효율이 좋은 변조 기법이 또한 바람직하다. 본 연구에서는 활용가능성이 큰 16-ary QAM신호를 선정하여 신호점배치에 따라 여러 QAM신호의 전송신호생성에 관해 고찰하였으며, 가산성 백색 가우시안 잡음(Additive White Gaussian Noise : AWGN)이 더해진 전송채널과 직접파 성분이 없고 반사파들로만 수신신호가 이루어져 있다고 가정할 수 있는 레일리 페이딩(Ratleigh fading)이나 도플러 효과(Doppler effect)가 가미된 이동통신채널을 모델링하고, 이들 채널에서 신호의 왜곡을 보상하는 변.복조 방법을 살펴보았다. 결론적으로 이러한 페이딩 환경하에서 나타나는 시스템의 성능 열화를 최소화하여 좋은 성능을 발휘할 뿐만 아니라 복조단에서 야기되는 위상 모호성(Phase ambiguity)문제를 근본적으로 해결할 수 있는 Differential 방식의 QAM 변.복조 방식을 소개하고, 이동통신과 위성통신 채널에 적용가능한 16-ary QAM 신호의 최적 신호점 배치와 송.수신 방법을 제시하였다.

기계시각을 이용한 강구 자동 검사장치

김윤수,박수우,임병훈,김태균,최병재,박철영,이문락,도용태 대구대학교 정보통신연구소 2008 情報通信硏究 Vol.5 No.1

Metal balls are commonly used in mechanical elements and systems including bearings. If there is a defect in a metal ball, it can cause a serious machine failure. By this reason every balls produced are required to be inspected, and the inspection is usually done by human eyes. However, the inspection by human eyes is always with the risk of mistakes, and a need to automate the inspection process is arisen. This paper describes a design of an automatic inspection system for detecting defects on ball surface. A machine vision system is used, and design process and techniques are described in detail. 강구는 베어링을 비롯한 기계 요소 및 장치에서 널리 사용되는 부품이다. 만약 강구에 결함이 있을 시, 이를 사용하는 기계에서 치명적인 결함이 초래될 수 있다. 따라서 제조된 강구에 대해서는 전량검사가 요구되고 있고, 검사과정은 사람의 육안에 의한 검사가 주를 이루고 있다. 그런데 사람에 의한 검사에는 항상 실수의 가능성이 있으므로, 이를 자동화하는 것이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 강구의 표면 결함을 자동적으로 검사할 수 있는 장치를 설계한다. 기계시각 장치가 사용되었고, 설계에 따른 구체적 절차와 기술들이 서술된다.

Roles of Opioid Receptor Subtype in the Spinal Antinociception of Selective Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitor

Choi, Cheol-Hun,Kim, Woong-Mo,Lee, Hyung-Gon,Jeong, Cheol-Won,Kim, Chang-Mo,Lee, Seong-Heon,Yoon, Myung-Ha The Korean Pain Society 2010 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.23 No.4

Background: Selective inhibitors of cycloosygenase (COX)-2 are commonly used analgesics in various pain conditions. Although their actions are largely thought to be mediated by the blockade of prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesis, evidences suggesting endogenous opioid peptide link in spinal antinociception of COX inhibitor have been reported. We investigated the roles of opioid receptor subtypes in the spinal antionociception of selective COX-2 inhibitor. Methods: To examine the antionociception of a selective COX-2 inhibitor, DUP-697 was delivered through an intrathecal catheter, 10 minutes before the formalin test in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Then, the effect of intrathecal pretreatment with CTOP, naltrindole and GNTI, which are ${\mu}$, $\delta$, and k opioid receptor antagonist, respectively, on the analgesia induced by DUP-697 was assessed. Results: Intrathecal DUP-697 reduced the flinching response evoked by formalin injection during phase 1 and 2 Naltrindole and GNTI attenuated the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal DUP-697 during both phases of the formalin test, CTOP reversed the antinociception of DUP-697 during phase 2, but not during phase 1, Conclusions: Intrathecal DUP-697, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, effectively relieved inflammatory pain in rats. The $\delta$ and $\kappa$ opioid receptors are involved in the activity of COX-2 inhibitor on the facilitated state as well as acute pain at the spinal level, whereas the ${\mu}$ opioid receptor is related only to facilitated pain.

Immunogenicity and safety of a new live attenuated herpes zoster vaccine (NBP608) compared to Zostavax® in healthy adults aged 50 years and older

Choi, Won Suk,Choi, Jung Hyun,Jung, Dong Sik,Choi, Hee Jung,Kim, Yeon-Sook,Lee, Jacob,Jang, Hee-Chang,Shin, Eui-Cheol,Park, Jun-Sik,Kim, Hun,Cheong, Hee Jin Elsevier 2019 Vaccine Vol.37 No.27

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A multi-centre, randomised, double-blinded, active-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial was carried out to assess the immunogenicity and safety of NBP608—a newly developed live-attenuated zoster vaccine in Korea—relative to Zostavax® in healthy adults aged 50 years or older. Immune responses to the vaccine were evaluated by glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assays using the interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-2 FluoroSpot kit 6 weeks after vaccination. Safety was monitored for 26 weeks based on subjects’ diaries, spontaneous reports from subjects, and history taking by the investigators. A total of 845 subjects participated in the screening, and 823 received the vaccination (413 in the NBP608 group and 411 in the comparator group). The gpELISA-determined geometric mean fold rise from baseline to post NBP608 vaccination was 2.75 [95% confidence interval, CI (2.57, 2.94)]. The gpELISA-determined adjusted geometric mean titers (GMTs) of NBP608 and the comparator were 1346.37 [95% CI (1273.99, 1422.87)] and 1674.94 [95% CI (1585.35, 1769.58)], respectively. The adjusted GMT ratio of NBP608 to the comparator was 0.80 [95% CI (0.75, 0.87)]. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in terms of the geometric mean spot numbers determined by IFN-γ and IL-2 ELISPOT assays at 6 weeks post vaccination (P = 0.7232, 0.3844). The incidence of adverse events (AEs) within 6 weeks post vaccination was 49.82% overall (410/823, 941 cases), 50.73% (209/412, 474 cases) in the NBP608 group, and 48.91% (201/411, 467 cases) in the comparator group. The difference in AE rate between the two groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.6010). Most AEs were mild, with a rate of 83.12% in the NBP608 group and 75.37% in the comparator group. Thus, NBP608 is non-inferior to Zostavax® in terms of inducing the immune response and can be safely administered to adults aged 50 years or older.</P> <P>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03120364.</P>