허혈성 심질환에 있어서 아데노신 급속 정맥투여후 관동맥압의 변화에 관한 연구

봉종대,오종용,배성한,신원용,김철현,이광희,최태명,현민수,김성구,권영주 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.2

Background: Adenosine interacts with A1 receptors present on the extracellular surface of cardiac cells, activating K+channels in a fashion. It produces coronary vasodilatation and AV nodal block. The half-time is one to six second and has ultra-short action. In ischemic heart disease, fractional flow reserve(FFR) can be achieved safely with intravenous adenosine infusions at a rate of 150㎍/kg/min which cause maximal coronary hyperemia. Purpose: We investigated the patients who have had ischemic heart disease(n=8). After adenosine intravenous administration(150㎍/kg/min), the effect cause maximal hyperemia of coronary artery. During peak maximal hyperemia, we reported clinical findings, coronary hemodynamics and electrocardiogram findings. Methods: After diagnostic coronary angiography and left ventriculography, catheter was advanced into the ostium of coronary artery. We investigated coronary hemodynamics such as systolic coronary artery pressure, diastolic coronary artery pressure, mean coronary artery pressure and heart rate. To assess the use of adenosine for determination of fractional flow reserve, hemodynamics and electrocardiogram were measured at basal state and during peak maximal hyperemia. Results: Symptoms developed 1.5-2 minute after adenosine intravenous administration and each symptom disappeared 2-2.5 minute after adenosine administration. Two patients represented asymptomatic appearance and six patients complained of flushing, chest pain, palpitation and headache. In eight patients with ischemic heart disease, 1.5 minute after venous administration of 150㎍/kg/min of adenosine, coronary artery pressure decreased and heart rate increased significantly. Conduction abnormalities after administration of 150㎍/kg/min of adenosine were transient 2nd degree AV block 2 cases(25%). Conclusions: Adenosine is a potent ultra short-acting vasodilator. Although coronary artery pressure decreased and heart rate increased and mild cardiovascular symptoms occurred after continuous infusion of 150㎍/kg/min of adenosine, it is useful as an agent for determination of fractional flow reserve.

암치료에 있어서 체질과 항암효과에 관한 한의학적 연구

성현제,신현규,박갑주,강봉주,은영아,김은해,정세영 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

As one of the chemical and experimental study on cancer treatment in Korea oriental medical hospital. Furthermore, we carried out the cytotoxicity test of extracts of herbal medicine. The results are as follows : About Clinical Aspects of the Oriental Medical Cancer Treatment - (1) Clinical experience is that 420 Oriental medical hospital were surveyed. Number of cancer patient treated by one oriental medical doctor was under 10(about 60%) or from 10 to 20(about 30%). (2) Diagnostic Procedure is that more than 80% of cancer patients were diagnosed by medical doctor of western hospital. (3) Therapeutic Method is that combination of oriental and western medical treatment was used in oriental medical hospital. (4) Relationship between cancer and constitutions is that to the relationship between cancer and constitutions, about 75% responded and most were considered to be Um. About Experimental Study - to evaluate the direct cytotoxicity of hot water and methanol extracts of 34 oriental medical presciptions on stomach cancer cell, SRB assay was carried out. (1) The IC50 value of water extract of Samsoum was 19㎍/㎖ and that of methanol extract was 15㎍/㎖, so that we confirmed Samsoum has a strong direct cytotoxicity. (2) The IC50 values of water extract of Coptidis Rhizoma, methanol extract of Caesalpiniae Lignum and Draba Semen were 10㎍/㎖, 19㎍/㎖ and 12.5㎍/㎖ respectively, so that we confirmed Coptidis Rhizoma, Caesalpiniae Lignum and Draba Semen have a strong direct cytototoxicity. (3) The IC50 value of combinatory prescription of Rhei Rhizoma, Forsythie Fructus and Caesalpiniae Lignum was about 40㎍/㎖.

조선후기 친족결합 양상 : 충청도 지역 족계를 중심으로 Focusing on a local kinship fraternity in Chungcheong-do

成鳳鉉 한국고문서학회 2002 古文書硏究 Vol.21 No.-

조선사회에 있어서 친족은 중요한 사회수단이며, 사회구성 요소의 하나이었다. 그런데 친족은 세대가 지나면서 자연히 확대될 수밖에 없고, 그렇게 되면 친족의 결속은 자연 소원하게 되었다. 이러한 친족을 결속하기 위하여 조선후기 유행하기 시작한 것이 族契이다. 조선후기 친족의 결속을 이해하기 위하여 충청도 지역에서 조사된 족계 자료에 나타난 몇 가지 양상과 족계유행의 배경을 살펴 보았다. 족계는 대종계와 소종계로 나뉘는데, 소종계는 봉사대상의 현손들이 入契한 경우이고, 대종계는 遠祖를 제사하기 위한 것이었다. 족계에는 친손, 외손, 서자, 서손 까지도 참여하였다. 그러나 17세기 이후부터는 외손의 참여가 점차 배제되었으나, 그럼에도 소수이기는 하나 조선후기까지 외손이 친족으로 참여하였다. 그리고 족계의 참여는 성인이며 호주이었으나, 미성년의 자손이 참여 하였고, 父子가 함께 참여하기도 하였다. 족계의 정기회는 일년에 봄과 가을에 하였고, 정기회 때에 묘제를 지내고, 講信會라 하여 '立議'를 익히게 하였다. 정기회에 불참자와 입의를 준수하지 않는 족계원에 대해서는 강력하게 처벌하는 조목을 두어 친족의 결속을 강화 하였다. 조선후기에 족계가 유행하게 된 배경은 첫번째로는 종법질서의 정착에 따른 제사의 일반화이고, 둘째로는 조선후기에 이르러 증가된 친족의 파별의 결속을 위한 것이었으며, 마지막으로는 조선후기에 戰亂, 仕宦, 婚娶 등으로 친족들이 여러 곳으로 분산 거주하게 되자 이를 결속하기 위하여 실시한 것이다. In Joseon, consanguinity was an important social unit and one of components of society. Therefore, a person was considered social individual simply and one of the clans he belonged to at the same time. At this point, we call clan consanguinity, who closely related to him in a family tree and lived with him in the same area, not referring to whole clan group to which he belonged. However, small consanguinity groups became larger and brought the decline of family bond as generations went by. The weakened bond of consanguinity needed a systematic tool to strengthen the solidarity in the Joseon society where consanguinity functioned as a social unit. The solidification of Sung Confucianist order in late Joseon also wanted consanguinity which centered on the agnate. From the reason of this necessity in late Joseon society, a kinship fraternity began to be popular. The following are the several aspects of consanguinity formation in late Joseaon through the documents on the kinship fraternity in Chungcheong-do after the seventeenth century. The kinship fraternity is divided into Daejong fraternity for distant ancestors and small-scale Sojong fraternity branching off from Daejong; the first is for holding a ceremony for the repose of ancestors before the great-great- grandparent, and great-great-grandsons organized the second. In the kinship fraternity, grandsons, grandsons of daughters, even sons by a concubine, and grandsons by a concubine participated. Although few grandsons of daughters participated in the fraternity with the society turning to agnate-centered after the seventeenth century, some of them joined in the kinship fraternity as a consanguinity even in late Joseon. In general, the person should be an adult and householder for joining the kinship fraternity. However, sons under age or father and son sometimes joined it. The regular meeting of the kinship fraternity was held twice in spring and fall a year, an ancestral rite was held before the grave in the meeting. After the rite, people read and acquired 'Ipui' (regulations of the fraternity) in a Gangsinhoi meeting to strengthen the bond of kinship. There was a provision to punish a member of the fraternity severely for not participating in regular meetings and not observing the regulations. This kind of punishment regulation of the fraternity suggests that the kinship fraternity was a tool to unite consanguinity in late Joseon. One of the reasons which the kinship fraternity became popular in late Josean resulted from the generalization of a memorial serve with the settlement of Jongbeop order in which they thought much of agnate kinship order. That is, the eldest son was supposed to hold a ceremony for the repose of his ancestors and therefore, people formed the kinship fraternity to hold the ceremony together. Second, they organized the kinship fraternity to prevent themselves from be estranged from relatives, since the split branches of clan increased naturally in late Joseon. Finally, kinship families spread over many different areas and their social movement was activated because of wars, government service, or marriage. The kinship fraternity served as a measure to bind the kinship families together.

교통사고요소를 포함한 도로투자 우선순위 결정 : 대전광역시를 중심으로

성현영,장현봉 목원대학교 건축도시연구센터 2004 建築·都市環境硏究 Vol.12 No.-

There are several methods for deciding the priorities among many highway investments in Korea. But these methods have some weakness in procedure of evaluation and evaluation criteria. Moreover, priorities are much influenced by other factors, such as the will of decision-maker, the budget constraints and the tendency of political atmosphere. In the thesis, we make equal ranges for each evaluation items in order to minimize the errors caused by different ranges for each evaluation items. Also the traffic accident data were added to existing evaluation items. As a result, more reasonable procedure for deciding the priorities of highway investment are possible, using the existing traffic accident data.

혼파초지에서 질소시비수준과 방목율이 목초 및 육우생산에 미치는 영향

현봉수,김문철,김영호,송성언,이승협 제주대학교 농과대학 제주도축산문제연구소 1986 畜産論叢 Vol.1 No.1

Effects of N fertilizer levels and stocking rates on beef production in a mixed pastiire of orchard-grass, perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, red clover and alsike clover were studied using 3 levels of N fertilizer (50, 100 and 200 kg/ha) and 3 stocking rates (3,4 and 5 head /ha). The summarized results are the following; 1. Increasing nitrogen fertilizer on the mixed pasture increased dry matter yield and protein content(P<0.05) of the pasture species. The stocking rate did not influence either dry matter yield or protein content. 2. The percentage of pasture species increased and that of weeds decreased with increasing N fer-tilizer levels. lncreasing stocking rate from 3 to 5 heads/ha significantly influenced that of the other pastures and weeds. 3. Herhage intake per animal increased at the lower stocking rate, but total herbage intake per ha increased at the higher stocking rate, Increasing nitrogen fertilizer decreased herbage intake per animal , but slightly higher intake per animal was obserbed at 5 head stocking rate. 4. No significant difference in weight gain/ha was found among N levels and stocking rates ussd. Live weight gain per animal was greater at the higher N level and also at the louer stocking rate.

단기배양을 통한 말초혈액 CD34 양성세포의 체외증폭

박상준,김철희,배광봉,김현수,김종숙,윤환중,조덕연,김삼용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.1

Background: It is suggested that clinical practice in the areas of bone marrow transplantation and gene therapy might rely on the ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. However, the condition for ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic progenitor cells is not well established. The authors pursued a series of experiments to define the proper conditions for the expansion of hematopoietic cells in the short-term liquid suspension culture of mobilized peripheral blood CD34+ cells. Methods: 1.0ml cultures were initiated with 9×10^3 PB CD34+ cells, which were isolated from PB mononuclear cells (MNCs) by high-gradient cell sorting, in 12 well plates with the various combinations of hematopoietic growth factors(HGF). The following recombinant human HGFs were used: stem cell factor(SCF) 100ng/ml, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF) 100ng/ml, GM-CSF(granulocyte, macrophage colony-stimulating factor) 100ng/ml, interleukin-1 beta(IL-1B) 1ng/ml, interleukin-3(IL-3) 20ng/ml, interleukin-6 (IL-6) 100ng/ml. At the end of culture, colony-forming cells were evaluated by semisolid clonogenic assay. Results: 1) Using the high-gradient magnetic sorting system, CD34^+ cells were isolated with a yield of 40 3% 2) In 7 day culture of PB CD34^+ cells(9×10^3 cells), nucleated cells expanded mean 10×10^3(range, 9 to 20×10^3) with the addition of SCF alone, 35×10^3(range, 10 to 60×10^3) with SCF plus G-CSF plus GM-CSF, and 130×10^3(range, 40 to 300×10^3) with the combination of SCF, G-CSF, IL-1, IL-3, IL-6, GM-CSF. In 14 day culture, nucleated cells expanded 10×10^3 to 1,860×10^3 with combination of human hematopoietic growth factors. 3) In 10 day culture without medium change of PB CD34^+ cells, CFU-GM numbers expanded 16. 5 fold(range, 7 to 59 fold) with the addition of SCF plus G-CSF plus Il-1 plus IL-3, 31.3 fold(range, 20.5 to 101.1 fold) with the combination of SCF, G-CSF, IL-1, IL-3, GM-CSF. In 14 day culture with or without medium change of PB CD34^+ cells was inferior to 10 day culture for CFU-GM expansion. 4) There was no significant difference for CFU-GM expansion between five growth factors(SCF,G-CSF,IL-1,IL-3,GM-CSF) and six growth factors(five growth factors plus IL-6). Conclusion: The authors could confirm that short-term suspension culture of peripheral blood CD34+ cells could expand hematopoietic progenitor cells. Ten-day culture with medium change of CD34+ cells with the addition of five growth factors, i.e. SCF, G-CSF, IL-1B, IL-3, and GM-CSF, might be the most efficient in this system.

MWPECVD법으로 초경합금기판 위에 성장된 다이아몬드 박막

박상현,김봉준,우복만 경남대학교 신소재연구소 2002 신소재연구 Vol.14 No.-

마이크로파 플라즈마 화학기상성장법으로 CH_4-H_2와 CH_4-H_2-O_2계로부터 초경합금 절삭인서트 위에 다이아몬드 막을 성장하였다. 코팅된 인서트들은 X-선 회절기, 주사형 전자현미경과 금속현미경에 의한 관찰, 라만 분광기, 미소 록크웰 경도계로 비교분석 하였다. CH_4-H_2-O_2계로부터 마이크로파 화학기상성장법으로 초경합금 절삭인서트 위에 입자의 크기가 작고, 비교적 부착력이 좋은 다이아몬드 막을 성장시켰다. 성장조건은 수소유량 60[sccm], 메탄유량 0.6[sccm], 산소유량 0.2[sccm], 성장압력 50[torr], 그리고 성장시간 10[h]이다. Diamond film was deposited on WC-Co cemented carbide cutting insert by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition from both CH_4-H_2 and CH_4-H_2-O_2 system. The products were comparatively characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and metallurgical microscopy observation, Raman spectroscopy, and micro Rockwell hardness tester. Diamond films with relatively good adhesion and small size of diamond particles deposited on WC-Co cemented carbide cutting insert were obtained by MWPECVD from CH_4-H_2-O_2 system, for which deposition conditions employed were microwave power of 450[W], H_2 flow rate of 60[sccm], CH_4 flow rate of 0.6[sccm], O_2 flow rate of 0.2[sccm], deposition pressure of 50[torr], and deposition time of 10[h].

표면개질 실리카막을 이용한 CO_2 선택투과분리

김성수,최현교,박홍채,김태옥,서봉국 한국환경과학회 2000 한국환경과학회지 Vol.9 No.4

To improve CO_2 permselectivity, a modified silica membrane was prepared by chemical vapor deposition with tetraethoxysilane(TEOS)-ethanol-water, and TEOS-ethanol-water-HCI solution at 300-600℃. The silica was effectively deposited in the mesopores of a γ-alumina film coated on a porous α-alumina tube by evacuating the reactants through the porous wall. In this membrane, CO_2 interacts, to some extent, with the pore wall, and CO_2/N_2 selectivity then exceeds the value of the Knudsen diffusion mechanism, while the membrane derived from TEOS alone has no CO_2 selectivity. The silica membrane prepared from TEOS-ethanol-water-HC1 solution showed that CO_2 permeance was 2.5×10 exp (-7)㏖/s^-1. m^-2. Pa^-1 at 30℃ and CO_2/N_2 selectivity was approximately 3. The CO_2 permeance and selectivity was improved by enlarging the surface diffusion with modification of chemical affinity of the silica pores.

2자유도 PI 제어기를 이용한 BLDC 전동기의 벡터제어에 관한 연구

이종현,성낙규,이상집,이승환,오봉환,이훈구,한경희 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.20 No.-

This paper describes the speed control method of BLDC Motor using TDOF PI ( Tow-degree of freedom PI ). PI control method generally used has difficulty in efficient speed control because speed response and load torque response interfere each other. It can't decrease the overshoot of motor speed w rm, and shorten the response time of load torque TL, at the same time according to the step alternation of speed reference w rm. Therefore TDOF PI is applied to BLDC Motor in order to supply these weak points of PI control method in this paper. TDOF PI can get the torque characteristic of short response time as well as stable and prompt speed adjustment by separate control for speed response and load torque response. The results from the tests of C program simulation and system construction show that TDOF PI is superior to PI control system in speed adjustment and load torque response.

모바일 로봇의 지능제어

오세봉,심병균,Nguyen Van Quyet,한성현,박동준 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

This paper achieves a research about remote control of robot based on voice recognition. Through real-time remote control and wireless network capabilities of an unmanned remote-control experiments and Home Security / exercise with an unmanned robot, remote control and voice recognition and voice transmission are possible to transmit on a PC using a microphone to control a robot to pinpoint of the source. Speech recognition can be controlled robot by using a remote control. In this research, speech recognition speed and direction of self-driving robot were controlled by a wireless remote control in order to verify the performance of mobile robot controller.