Macrophage Inflammatory Protein $1{\alpha}$가 T세포성장 및 CD4, CD8 발현에 미치는 영향

최종선,김오환,Choi, Jong-Sun,Kim, Oh-Whan 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 1996 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.18 No.1

Macrophage inflammatory protein $(MIP)-1{\alpha}$ is a cytokine which produces wide range of bioactivities such as proinflammatory, immunomodulatory, and hematopoietic modulatory actions. To determine whether $MIP-1{\alpha}$ acts as a negative regulator on the functions of lymphocyte, $[^3H]$-thymidine incorporation test and flow cytometric analysis were performed by using human tonsil T cell, human peripheral blood T cell, and murine cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) line CTLL-2, The results were as follow. 1. When human tonsil T lymphocytes were stimulated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb), rate of T cell proliferation was about four times increased. 200ng/ml of $MIP-1{\alpha}$ inhibited anti-CD3 mAb-mediated T cell growth as much as 60% (P<0.05). 2. The suppression of human peripheral T cell proliferation produced by $MIP-1{\alpha}$ was dramatic, but variable among T cells derived from different individuals $(40%{\sim}90%)$. 3. $MIP-1{\alpha}$inhibited the proliferation of murine CTL line CTLL-2 as much as 75%(P<0.001). 4. When the $MIP-1{\alpha}$ was added to human peripheral T cell, cell proporation of $CD4^+$ helper T cell and $CD8^+$ CTL were not noticeably affected. The expression level of CD4, not of Cd8, however, was down regulated by $MIP-1{\alpha}$ treatment $(27%{\sim}82%)$.

복합 워크플로우 서비스를 위한 CAWL 기반 상황인지 워크플로우 시스템

최종선,조용윤,최재영,Choi, Jong-Sun,Cho, Yong-Yun,Choi, Jae-Young 한국정보처리학회 2010 정보처리학회논문지 A Vol.17 No.2

유비쿼터스 환경에서는 사용자의 주변 환경에서 발생할 수 있는 상황이 매우 다양하므로, 이에 대응하기 위한 자동화 서비스의 개발이 요구된다. 그러나 기존의 상황인지 기반 워크플로우 시스템들은 단일 워크플로우 서비스만을 제공할 수 있으므로, 다수의 워크플로우 조합을 통해 복합적이고 다양한 서비스를 제공하는데 제약이 있다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 다수의 워크플로우에 존재하는 개별적인 서비스 흐름을 하나의 워크플로우로 통합 표현할 수 있는 상황인지 기반의 워크플로우 언어인 CAWL(Context-Aware Workflow Language)를 기반으로 하는 워크플로우 시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템은 CAWL를 이용하여 작성한 시나리오를 바탕으로 사용자에게 다양한 복합 워크플로우 서비스를 제공할 수 있다. 또한 각각 존재하는 다수의 워크플로우를 복합 워크플로우 서비스를 구성하기 위한 일부로써 재사용할 수 있으므로, 자동화 서비스 개발의 효율성을 증대시킬 수 있다. There are many complicated situations which could be occurred in users' surroundings, so it is required to develop automation services to provide users with appropriate services in ubiquitous computing environments. However, most of the current context-aware workflow systems express context-aware services only with a single workflow. Therefore, they have difficulties in providing users with various and composite services by combining different workflows. In this paper we propose a CAWL-based context-aware workflow system, where CAWL is a context-aware workflow language to express a composite workflow model by describing individual service workflows. The proposed system can provide users with various composite workflow services based on a service scenario, which is described with CAWL. And by reusing a number of single workflows to construct composite workflow services, it is possible to save time and effort to develop context-aware workflows.

동적인 사용자 서비스 요구를 지원하는 상황인지 워크플로우 시스템

최종선,조용윤,최재영,Choi, Jong-Sun,Cho, Yong-Yun,Choi, Jae-Young 한국정보과학회 2007 정보과학회논문지 : 시스템 및 이론 Vol.34 No.5

유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경에서의 상황인지 서비스는 동적으로 발생하는 사용자의 상황 정보에 따른 서비스 제공을 지향한다. FollowMe와 uFlow와 같은 상황인지 워크플로우 시스템은 사용자의 상황 정보를 서비스의 분기 조건으로 표현한 워크플로우 기반의 상황인지 웹 서비스를 제공한다. 그러나 그들은 워크플로우의 실행 중에도 동적으로 발생할 수 있는 사용자의 서비스 요구에 대해 진행 중인 워크플로우 시나리오에 즉각적으로 적용할 수 있는 방법을 제공하지 못한다. 본 논문에서는 실행 중인 워크플로우 서비스의 중단없이 사용자가 입력하는 새로운 서비스 요구를 초기 워크플로우 시나리오에 동적으로 반영할 수 있는 상황인지 워크플로우 시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템은 사용자의 새로운 서비스 요구에 대해 실행중인 시나리오에서의 변경 위치를 점진적 파싱(Incremental Parsing)을 통해 정확히 인식하고 초기 시나리오에서 영향을 받는 부분만을 신속히 재구성함으로써 동적으로 발생하는 사용자의 상황정보를 보다 빠르고 효율적으로 초기 시나리오에 적용할 수 있으며, 워크플로우 흐름의 중단없이 계속적인 서비스를 제공할 수 있다. 이를 통해 사용자는 시간과 공간에 관계없이 원하는 서비스를 상황인지 워크플로우 시나리오에 반영할 수 있으며, 기술된 사용자 컨텍스트에 따라 상황인지 서비스의 실행을 보장받을 수 있다. A context-aware service in ubiquitous computing environments aims to supply services according to users' situation information that is dynamically occurring. The existing context-aware workflow systems, such as FollowMe and uFlow, provide context-aware services based on a workflow, which uses users' situation information as transition conditions of a service. But they can't apply users' new service demands, which may dynamically occur even when a workflow is on going, to a workflow scenario. In this paper we propose a context-aware workflow system, which can reapply users' new service demands into an initial workflow without interrupting or deleting the workflow. The proposed system can provide context-aware services without interrupting of service by recognizing exactly a place holder that has to be changed in a workflow scenario and by reconstructing only the changed parts through an incremental parsing method. Therefore, a user can immediately apply his new service demands to an on-going workflow scenario, and he can be guaranteed continuous executions of context-aware services according to a workflow scenario, which includes new service demands.

$BaTiO_3$세라믹스에서 Ba/Ti비 변화에 따른 소결거동 및 비정상 입자성장에 대한 연구

최종선,김호기,Choi, Jong-Sun,Kim, Ho-Gi 한국재료학회 1991 한국재료학회지 Vol.1 No.1

In order to control the microstructures, the sintering behavior and abnormal grain growth with Ba/Ti ratio variation of $BaTiO_3$were investigated. The $BaTiO_3$powders used in this study were prepared by conventional calcination of $BaCO_3$ and $TiO_2$. The onset temperatures of the sintering were lowered and the densification was enhanced with increasing amounts of $TiO_2$ excess. These results are because of decrease of calcined particle sizes. A eutectic melt above temperature of $1320^{\circ}C$ did not assist the densification. Grain growth was strongly inhibited with increasing amounts of $TiO_2$ excess. The inhibition of grain growth caused abnormal grain growth due to inhomogeneous distribution of Ti-rich second phase.

방송광고 환경 변화에 따른 법제도 정비방안

최종선(Jong sun, Choi) 인하대학교 법학연구소 2018 法學硏究 Vol.21 No.1

본 논문에서는 방송광고 환경 변화에 따른 방송광고 법제도 정비방안을 다음과 같이 제안한다. 첫째, “방송광고 거래 매개 수단인 전파의 공공재적 성격, 지상파방송의 대중적 영향력” 등을 이유로 방송사업자별 방송광고를 규제하고 있는 현행 방송광고 법제도는 종합편성채널사용사업자의 영향력이 지속적으로 증가하고, 유료방송을 통한 텔레비전 시청 가구가 증가하는 등의 변화되는 방송환경을 반영하여 방송사업자별 형식적 규제에서 실질적 규제로 전환하는 내용의 개정안을 마련하여야 한다. 둘째, 시청자의 시청권 보호를 위해 일반적 시청권 정의규정 및 시청자의 권리를 구체적으로 법률화하는 방안 등의 검토를 요하며, 방송광고에 대한 규제완화로 시청자가 원하지 않는 방송광고를 시청해야 하는 문제점을 해결하기 위해 해당 방송프로그램의 공공성, 시청자의 시청행태(지상파방송 시청, VOD방송 등 유료방송 시청 등) 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 방송광고에 대한 시청자 선택권의 선별적·단계적 부여를 검토하여야 한다. 셋째, 공영방송과 민영방송의 특성을 고려하여, 민영방송에 대한 방송광고 규제를 상대적으로 완화하고, 공공성·공익성이 강하게 요구되는 공영방송의 경우에는 상대적으로 강화된 방송광고 규제가 필요하다. 이와 함께 방송광고를 통한 매출액 비중이 큰 방송사업자의 재원 구조를 개선하기 위해 텔레비전방송수신료 납부제도 개선, 정부지원금 증액편성, 유료방송 요금인상 등의 재정적 지원 정책에 대한 진지한 논의가 필요하다. 다만, 이러한 논의가 이뤄지기 위해서는 행정부 편향의 이사회 구성 등, 각 분야의 대표성을 반영하기 어려운 구조, 이사 및 사장의 자격요건 부재 등 공영방송 지배구조의 문제점도 함께 개선되어야 한다. 넷째, 개별법에 따른 사전심의 제도가 헌법(검열금지의 원칙)에 위배되는 지 여부를 검토하고, 위헌성이 없는 경우 방송법과 개별 법률 적용여부에 관한 명확한 법률적 규정 신설로 사후규제와의 중복규제 문제점을 해소하여야 하며, 품목별 광고 규제의 불균형 해소 및 그 판단 기준의 통일성을 확보하기 위해서는 광고에 대한 사전심의를 담당하는 기관과 그 판단 기준을 일원화하여야 한다. 다만, 품목별 특성에 따라 사전심의를 함에 있어 전문적 지식을 요하는 경우 해당 분야 전문가 자문을 거치는 절차를 마련하고, 매체별 특성을 고려하여야 한다. 마지막으로 지상파방송사업자의 분리편성으로 인한 실질적 중간광고 시행, 새로운 유형의 방송광고 규제 공백의 문제점을 해결하기 위해서는 방송광고 유형을 법률로 한정적으로 열거하기보다는 방송광고가 준수하여야 할 최소한의 사항을 법률로 규정하는 방향으로 방송법을 개정하면서 시청자의 시청형태 분석등을 통한 시간대별, 요일별 방송광고 허용시간 등을 차등화 하는 등 광고총량제도의 보완이 수반되어야 한다. Commercials are subject to format regulation by broadcasting act and content regulation by individual law. In this paper, I propose a plan to improve the commercials law according to the change of commercials environment as follows. First, it is necessary to prepare an amendment to change from the formal regulation to the actual regulation by the broadcasters in order to reflect the changing broadcasting environment such as the influence of broadcasters using general programming continuously increases and the number of television viewing households through pay broadcasting increases. Second, to protect the viewers" right to view, we should make the definition of the viewer rights of viewers as law. And to solve the problem of viewing unwanted commercials, viewers should be able to select commercials viewing selectively and step by step. Third, in view of the characteristics of public broadcasting and private broadcasting, regulation of commercials for private broadcasting should be relaxed relatively, and regulation of broadcasting should be relatively strengthened in case of public broadcasting. In addition, in order to improve the financial structure of broadcasters with large sales revenue through commercials, it is necessary to seriously discuss the financial support policy such as improvement of the system for paying television broadcasting license fee, increase of government funding. However, in order for such discussions to be made, the problems of the governance structure of public broadcasting should be improved. Fourthly, it examines whether the preliminary deliberation system according to individual law violates the Constitution (the principle of prohibition of censorship) and, if it does not violate the Constitution, it establishes clear legal provisions on broadcasting act and individual law application to solve the problem of duplication regulation with post regulation. Also, in order to solve the imbalance of commercials regulation by item and to ensure uniformity of the criteria, it should unify the agency that is responsible for the preliminary deliberation and its criteria. Finally, in order to solve the problems of commercial breaks of terrestrial broadcasting business operator and the new type of commercials regulation gap, broadcasting act should be amended to abolish current regulations that restrict the types of commercials and to set the minimum standards that commercials should adhere to by law. In addition, it is necessary to supplement the total amount of commercials system by differentiating the time allowed for broadcasting ad for each day of the week through analyzing the viewer’s viewing style.

방송통신심의위원회의 독립성 확보방안에 관한 연구

최종선 ( Jong Sun Choi ) 홍익대학교 법학연구소 2014 홍익법학 Vol.15 No.3

Where needs arise to perform part of duties independently, an administrative agencymay establish a representative administrative agency, such as administrative committee,etc. For guaranteeing the public nature and fairness of broadcasting contents, cresting asound culture in the areas of information and communications and creating anenvironment where information and communications are used in an appropriate manner,the Korea Communications Standards Commission(hereinafter referred to as the “KCSC”)established to perform its duties independently by the Act on the establishment andoperation of Korea Communications Commission in Feb. 29, 2008. But there are someproblems as follows. First, legal status of KCSC is vague so there are some problems toperformance of KCSC``s duties such as administrative appeals, information disclosure,electronic lawsuit. Second, authority of deliberation and decision on sanctions aredualized by the Act on the establishment and operation of Korea CommunicationsCommission ; while KCSC has authority to deliberation on broadcasting and internetcontent - the deliberation authority on matters falling under Article 32 of theBroadcasting Act and Article 44-7 of the Act of Promotion of information,Communications Network Utilization and information Protection. ect, decision on sanctions, etc. under Article 100 of the Broadcasting Act and requests for correction, theKorea Communications Commission(hereinafter referred to as the KCC) has authorityto decision on sanctions but constitutional court granted KCSC disposition of requestsfor correction on internet contents deliberation. Third, KCSC has not authority to reviewbill related content. For perform KCSC’s duties independently, we should improve problems of laws andsystem about contents deliberation on broadcasting and internet. First, we have to grantKCSC independent regulatory agency to clarify the legal statue of KCSC. Second, weshould amend the laws of contents deliberation to unify deliberation authority anddisposition authority. Third, for perform deliberation contents independently, we shouldgrant KCSC authority to review bill related content.

『임제종지(臨濟宗旨)』에 나타난 삼구(三句)·삼현(三玄)·삼요(三要) 해석에 관한 고찰

최종선 ( Choi Jong-sun ) 사단법인 한국교수불자연합회 2021 한국교수불자연합학회지 Vol.27 No.3

The Linji Zongzhi is the first book that Huihong(覺範慧洪) summarizes the interpretations of the Three phrases·Three marvelous·Three essentials that Linji did not reveal in detail. Huihong(慧洪) mainly cites the interpretations of Fengxue(風穴), Fenyang(汾陽), Senggu(僧古) and their interpretations had the greatest influence on the later theory of chan(禪理) exhibitions. In summary. 1. The first phrase(第一句) of the Three phrases is the intuitive language(直觀語) that can be understood immediately upon hearing it. The second phrase(第二句) is a convenient language(方便語) for hearing and understanding explanations. The third phrase(第三句) is led by the boundaries and events of the conceptual language(槪念語) like a puppet. 2. The first marvelous(第一玄) or The marvel in the essence(体中玄) of the Three marvelous is the main body and has no formulas, such as the words of the scriptures. The second marvelous(第二玄) or The marvel in the phrase(句中玄) is a one cryptic sayings(一轉語) to enlighten The first marvelous(第一玄), and it is a phrase such as an old case(古則) or rule established(公案). The third marvelous(第三玄) or The marvel in the essence(玄中玄) is a borderline between liveliness overflow(活潑潑) and includes stick(棒), shouting(喝), waiting for a good while(良久), silencing(沈黙) etc. 3. The first essentials(第一要) in the Three essentials is a dharmata(實相) without any manipulation, and The second essentials(第二要) means a boundary free from all defilements. The third essentials(第三要) refers to the state of beyond words and intellection(言語道斷), that is, the state of liberation. 4. Huihong's criticism of Senggu was judged from a very subjective point of view, and it seems that much of it is biased towards prejudice.

수소화된 비정질 실리콘 박막 트랜지스터의 이차원 소자 시뮬레이터 TFT2DS

崔淙宣(Jong Sun Choi),Gerold W. Neudeck 대한전기학회 1999 전기학회논문지C Vol.48 No.1

방송광고 규제완화에 따른 법제도적 쟁점에 관한 연구

최종선 ( Jong Sun Choi ) 연세대학교 법학연구원 2016 法學硏究 Vol.26 No.2

Categories of broadcast commercials shall be as follows broadcast program commercials, commercial breaks, spot commercials, commercial captions, time signal commercials, virtual commercial, indirect commercial and matters necessary in relation to the allowable scope, running time, frequencies, methods, etc. of airing commercials shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. The system of mount of broadcast commercials per was introduced as The Presidential Decree as amended by Presidential Decree No. 26422, Jul. 20, 2015.7.20. and enter into force on Sept. 21. 2015. With deregulation of broadcast advertising have occurred following legal issues: first, Conflicts ``right to see television programs of viewer`` of freedom of expression and freedom of the job performance`` of broadcasters, second, unified regulation of public broadcasting and private broadcasting, last, blank of regulation to new type of broadcast commercials. To solve these legal problems, first, we should to prepare definition of right to see television programs of viewer, second broadcast commercials regulation of public service broadcasters and private broadcasters to be separated. Finally, it should be established for other types of broadcast advertising regulation in the broadcasting act.

정보통신망 이용촉진 및 정보보호 등에 관한 법률상 임시조치제도에 관한 연구

최종선(Jong sun, Choi) 성균관대학교 법학연구소 2013 성균관법학 Vol.25 No.4

This paper examines the problem of act on promotion of information and communications network utilization and information protection, etc(hereinafter referred to as "the act of information and communications network") particularly of temporary measures system. My aim is to highlight several aspects of protecting the fundamental rights(freedom of expression) on the internet. According to the act of information and communications network "Article 44-2 (1) Where information provided through an information and communications network purposely to make it public intrudes on other person's privacy, defames other persons, or violates other presons' right otherwise, the victim of such violation may request the provider of information and communications services who handled the information to delete the information or publish a rebuttable statement, presenting it materials supporting the alleged violation. (2) A provider of information and communications services shall, upon receving a request for deletion or rebuttal of the information under paragraph (1), delete the information, take a temporary measure, or any other necessary measure, and shall notify the applicant and the publisher of the information immediately. In such cases, the provider of information and communications services shall make it known to users that it has taken necessary measures by posting a public notice on the relevant open message board ir in any other way. (4) A provide of information and communications services may, if it 1s difficult to judge whether information violates any right or it is anticipated that there will probably be a dispute between interested parties, take a measure to block access to the information temporarily, irrespective of a request for deletion of the information under paragraph (1). In such cases, the period of time for the temporary measure shall not exceed 30 days. (5) Every provider of information and communications services shall clearly state the details, procedure, and other matters concerning necessary measures m its standardized agreement in advance. Article 44-3 (1) A provider of information and communications services may, if it finds that information circulated through the information and communications network operated and menaged by it intrudes on someone's privacy, defames someone, or violates someone's rights, take temporary measures at its discertion." Internet service providers(ISPs) were granted a temporary measure by the act of information and communications network. But granted a temporary measure in the private sector that is the problem. Because it is apprehended that ISPs could infringe on civil's freedom of expression. Therefore in connection with this issue, I wish to address protecion system of civil's freedom of expression on internet relating to temporary measures of the act of information and communications network. There is solution of above problems to is to grant a public sector(Korea Communication Standards Commission) a temporary measure by the act of information and communications network.