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Comparison of Trunk Muscles between 3 Different Squats in Normal Adults
최아란,정지혜,이승원 물리치료재활과학회 2024 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.13 No.1
Objective: This Study aimed to examine the changes in muscle activity of trunk muscles by performing three squat exercises on normal adults. Design: cross-sectional studyMethods: Thirty-two adult subjects participated in this study. General squat, overhead squat, and overhead squat combined with abdominal stabilization were randomly performed for 5 seconds, 3 times, to calculate the average muscle activation. Muscle activation was normalized using electrodes on the rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, and erector spinae muscles to measure maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) for 5 seconds, repeated 3 times each. Results: There was a significant difference in the mean and maximal muscle activity of the bilateral erector spinae (ES) when comparing the squat to the overhead squat (p<0.05). There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the mean and maximal muscle activity of the bilateral external oblique (EO) when comparing the overhead squat to the overhead squat combined with the abdominal stabilization technique. When comparing the squat to the overhead squat with abdominal stabilization, there was a significant difference in the mean and maximum muscle activity of the bilateral RA, EO, and left Internal oblique (IO) (p<0.05), and there was a significant difference in the maximum muscle activity of the bilateral erector spinae (ES) (p<0.05). Post hoc tests showed significant differences between squatting methods for the RA, EO, IO, and ES (p<0.017). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that squats combined with abdominal stabilization were more effective at activating core muscles than squats or overhead squats alone.
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음악치료사가 지각하는 국내 커뮤니티 음악치료의 인식 및 실행 현황 조사연구
최아란,황은영 한국교육치료학회 2019 교육치료연구 Vol.11 No.3
The purpose of this study is to research the status of music therapists’ perception of community music therapy practices in general. It surveyed a sample of 208 music therapists with graduate degrees (i.e., Master’s or Doctorate) earned in Korea with respect to their understanding, expectations and needs for community music therapy in an attempt to comprehend the current status of their recognition and execution of community music therapy. The survey methodology was developed and supplemented with reference to both a study by Cha Ji Young (2017) and a study by Curtis (2015) who analyzed the perception of North American music therapists on community music therapy. The results of this study are as follows. First, as for the recognition on community music therapy, there are more music therapists who have heard or known about community music therapy than those not, and it turned out varying factors such as their clinical experience as well as a type of workplace have a substantial correlation to their awareness, resulting in a difference to the outcomes. Besides, there are more music therapists who replied that they have never practiced community music therapy compared to those who have; the institution that allowed for such practice was primarily a welfare center, with their target patients consisting mainly of children and the youth, using ensemble as their principal execution form for the treatment. Second, it was found that, depending on personal implementation experiences, understanding in community music therapy greatly differs. Third, as to the expectation for community music therapy, there are also significant differences based on implementation experiences, but there appears to be no such gap when it comes to the need for community music therapy. In conclusion, I believe this study offers fundamental and valuable insights into some of the challenges faced by music therapists today and how to better improve the underlying framework of music therapy practice in Korea. 본 연구의 목적은 국내의 음악치료사들이 지각하고 있는 커뮤니티 음악치료의 인식 및 실행 현황에 대해 알아보고자 하는데 있다. 연구대상은 국내 석사 학위 이상 음악치료사 208명을 대상으로 커뮤니티 음악치료에 대한 인지도 및 실행 현황을 알아보기 위해 커뮤니티 음악치료에 대한 이해도, 기대도, 필요성에 대해 설문조사를 실시하였다. 측정 도구는 차지영(2017)과 북미 음악치료사의 커뮤니티 음악치료에 대한 인식도 조사를 한 Curtis(2015)의 연구를 참고로 하여 작성 후 수정 보완하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 커뮤니티 음악치료의 인지도와 관련하여 커뮤니티 음악치료에 대해 들어본 적이 있는 음악치료사가 그렇지 않은 음악치료사보다 더 많았으며, 커뮤니티 음악치료의 인지도와 음악치료사의 임상 경력, 근무 기관 간에 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 커뮤니티 음악치료를 실행해본 적이 있다고 응답한 음악치료사보다 그렇지 않은 치료사가 더 많았으며, 주 실행 기관은 복지관, 대상은 일반 아동청소년, 실행 형태는 합주가 많았다. 둘째, 커뮤니티 음악치료의 이해도에 있어 실행 경험 간의 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 커뮤니티 음악치료 기대도에 있어 실행 경험 간의 유의미한 차이를 보였으나, 필요성에 있어서 유의미한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 이러한 연구 결과는 국내 음악치료 분야의 영역을 확장하고 발전시키기 위해 기초적인 자료를 제공한다는 점에서 의의가 있다.
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Esophageal Cancer in Esophageal Diverticula Associated with Achalasia
최아란,전누리,윤영훈,백효채,김연희,박효진 대한소화기내시경학회 2015 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.48 No.1
The simultaneous occurrence of achalasia and esophageal diverticula is rare. Here, we report the case of a 68-year-old man with multiple esophageal diverticula associated with achalasia who was later diagnosed with early esophageal cancer. He initially presented with dysphagia and dyspepsia, and injection of botulinum toxin to the lower esophageal sphincter relieved his symptoms. Five years later, however, the patient presented with worsening of symptoms, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed. The endoscopic findings showed multifocal lugol-voiding lesions identified as moderate dysplasia. We decided to use photodynamic therapy to treat the multifocal dysplastic lesions. At follow-up EGD 2 months after photodynamic therapy, more lugol-voiding lesions representing a squamous cell carcinoma in situ were found. The patient ultimately underwent surgery for the treatment of recurrent esophageal multifocal neoplasia. After a follow-up period of 3 years, the patient showed a good outcome without symptoms. To manage premalignant lesions such as achalasia with esophageal diverticula, clinicians should be cautious, but have an aggressive approach regarding endoscopic surveillance.
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