한국전쟁기 김말봉의 『별들의 故鄕』 연구

최미진(Choi Mi­Jin),김정자(Kim Jeong­Ja) 한국문학회 2005 韓國文學論叢 Vol.39 No.-

This paper takes a close look at Kim, Mal-bong's Hometown of Stars released during the Korean War period, in order to relate the writer's literary characteristics seen after the liberation from the Japanese colonial rule to the characteristics in social melodrama. Hometown of Stars adopts the formula of social melodrama that gives its unique double effect by combining basic plot of love stories among characters with social and historical events as a background. First, in the Hometown of Stars, the Licensed Prostitution Abolition Movement after the Liberalization plays a role in diversifying love relationship among characters and gives an opportunity for self-reflection. In particular, the Movement is used to highlight the changing social views of the characters. The writer indirectly sheds light on the inhumane treatment of prostitutes and the problems of residual values of the feudalistic way of thinking based on the class system. However, his intention to put the behind story of social and historical facts into a realistic context, rather than to investigate the Movement in itself helps intensify the pleasure to read this novel. Next, the social and historical background of the Korean War serves as a vehicle to provide plausibility to the plot and to raise readers' awareness of the reality through the hidden fact of history. The writer's views that the government's misinformation at the time of the Korean War helped increase people's casualties are represented in a natural fashion through characters' behaviors, evoking a sense of reality on the historical facts from readers. Moreover, the War, which serves as a defining moment in dramatizing love conflicts of the characters, boosts the interest in reading the story. The writer sets the Korean War as a turning point to convert the ideological confrontation after the Liberalization to the punitive confrontation structure in which virtue is rewarded and vice is punished. The ending of Hometown of Stars shows both melodramatic limit and social melodramatic characteristics that go beyond the limit, because the clash between the prevailing ideology and the moral faith forms the typical punitive confrontation structure, while transcending the formula to reach the universal value of humanity, especially religious ethics. The writer is not swayed by conventions or ideology and he uses “star” as a metaphor of human and spirit, hoping that they can be reborn in the “hometown”, the source of new hope. In this symbolic fashion, he suggests a “wise” way to overcome wartime confusion to readers. The formula of social melodrama in Hometown of Stars not only provides pleasure of reading popular novels, but also puts social and historical facts into a realistic context and deals a measurable blow to covered historical facts and ignored social thinking frame. In that sense, Kim, Mal-bong could succeed in strengthening literature's impact by the means of social melodrama that contains popular and social elements at the same time. This is related to his direct involvement and hard work in abolishing the Licensed Prostitution System after the Liberation. It is also notable that the Licensed Prostitution Abolition Movement is a main theme in Hometown of Stars, as well as in his other works after the Liberation, such as Splendid Hell, Blue Wings and Life.

반공포로의 석방과 국민형성의 딜레마

최미진(Choi, Mi-Jin) 부산대학교 한국민족문화연구소 2011 한국민족문화 Vol.41 No.-

이 글의 목적은 김광주의 『석방인』을 대상으로 휴전 전후 반공포로 석방의 의미항을 고찰하는 데 있다. 휴전 직전 이루어진 반공포로 석방사건을 재현한 이 소설은 전후사회의 상황을 후경으로 삼아 반공포로들이 남한사 회의 ‘국민’으로 자리매김하는 문제를 집중적으로 다룬다. 우선, 이 소설은 부산 가야리 제9수용소를 배경으로 반공포로의 석방과정을 사실적이면서도 극적으로 재현한다. 가장 기동적인 신문매체를 통해 보도되었던 당시의 사실을 재현하고 문맥화하는 한편 극적 재구성을 통해 실감을 확보하고 있었다. 특히 반공포로의 자발성과 국가의 주도적 역할에 대한 강조는 휴전 직전 이승만 정권의 독자적 행보를 정당화하는 국가이데올로기의 순응 장치로서 기능하고 있었다. 그리고, 석방된 반공포로 박철은 고백 행위를 통해 남한 사회에서 자신의 정체성을 확보하고 사회적 위상을 새롭게 하는 계기를 마련하고 있었다. 다르게 말하면 남한 사회가 요구하는 사상증명으로서 박철의 고백은 일종의 과거 청산인 동시에 현재의 비참한 상황을 극복할 수 있는 자기 구원에의 의지를 지닌 것이었다. 그럼에도 고백 행위가 이루어지는 교차적 회상구조는 반공포로를 ‘보호’의 대상이자 ‘갱생’의 대상으로 간주했던 당대 상황을 반영한다. 즉 남한사회가 반공포로에 대해 동포애주의와 사상증명사이에서 부유하던 국민형성의 딜레마를 재현하고 있었다. 마지막으로, 이 소설은 반공포로의 ‘석방’을 과거청산에서 과거극복으로 재의미화하여 국민형성의 딜레마를 지양하고자 하였다. 문화인에 대한 작가의 남다른 애정과 전후사회 재편의 새로운 방향을 보여주는 시각이었다. 특히 석방관 건립은 한국전쟁의 상처를 기억하고 그러한 체험을 가진 이들을 애도한 공적 문화사업의 일종으로, 박철을 비롯한 연극인, 나아가 남한사회의 모든 국민들이 반공이데올로기에 편향되어 경직된 과거청산에 함몰되기 보다는 건설적인 미래를 위한 전후복구의 청사진을 제시하고 있었다. 그것은 주체적 여성 최미자를 통해 이루어지고 있으나, 주체적 여성의 독자적인 부상이라기보다 전후사회를 이끌 새로운 주체의 요건을 제시하는 것에 가까웠다. 이러한 결과를 두고 볼 때, 『석방인』은 ‘제시하는 것’에 침묵하는 세태소설이 아닌 세태를 읽어내는 작가의 시선이 건강하게 살아있는 소설이라 할 수 있다. This study aims at exploring the meaning of the release of anticommunist POWs before and after the Korean War armistice, by looking into Seokbangin (The Released) written by Kim, Gwang-Ju. This novel, which describes the incident of setting anticommunist prisoners of war free just before the Korean war armistice, focuses on the issue of helping the released POWs to put down roots in the South Korean society during the post-war period. First, set against the 9th prison camp in Gaya-ri, Busan, this novel reproduces the process of discharging anticommunist prisoners of war in a very realistic and dramatic way. Some communicable facts are reenacted through the medium of newspapers and put into context, while dramatic reconstruction increases its realism. In particular, the emphasis on the voluntary acts of anticommunist prisoners of war and on the dominating role of the nation serve as a device conforming to the national ideology of the time justifying the unilateral conducts by the Lee, Seung-Man Administration right before the armistice. As Park Cheol, the discharged anticommunist prisoner of war, makes a confession, he tries to renew his identity in South Korea and find an opportunity to rebuild his social status. In other words, he attests to the ideology demanded by the South Korean society. His confession represents both his efforts for the liquidation of the past and his willingness to rescue himself from the miserable situation. In addition, the structure of crossing recollections used for his confession suggests the dilemma of the time about embracing the released anticommunist POWs as South Korean people, indicating not only the state of mind of the released POWs who had to choose either brotherly love or ideology attestation but also the conflicts facing the South Korean society at the time. Lastly, this novel re-signifies the "release" of the anticommunist prisoners as an act of overcoming the past, rather than the liquidation of the past, rejecting the dilemma about embracing them into the nation. This clearly shows the extraordinary affection toward the cultured people and a new direction for the post-war society. As part of public cultural projects aimed at remembering the wounds of the Korean War and paying tribute to all those who underwent the terrible war, the establishment of the "Seokbanggwan (Release Memorial)" shows that Park Cheol and other theatrical people and all South Korean people, in a broader context, did not confine themselves to the liquidation of the past based on the anticommunist ideology, but presented a new blueprint for post-war reconstruction work to usher in a brighter future. Even though these works have been mostly done by Choi, Mi-Ja, an independent lady, it was more like suggesting the qualifications for a new player who can lead the post-war society, than the emergence of independent women. This female character was nothing but the embodiment of the men"s perspective. Given all these study outcomes, Seokbangin is not a novel of manners, which remains quiet about the current situation, but it can be rightly called a novel where the writer"s point of view on the society is clearly apparent.

우리나라 성인 흡연자 중 만성질환자의 금연의지 관련 요인: 국민건강영양조사 제7기 자료를 중심으로

최미진,최선주,정은영,유은영,Choi, Mi-Jin,Choi, Sun-Ju,Jung, Eun-Young,Yu, Eun-Young 한국디지털정책학회 2021 디지털융복합연구 Vol.19 No.7

본 연구는 만성질환을 앓은 성인 흡연자에서 금연 의지와의 연관성을 확인하고자 하며, 연구 방법은 국민건강영양조사 제7기(2016~2018) 자료를 활용하여 분석하였다. 대상자는 19세 이상 만성질환자 960명을 대상으로 빈도 분석, Chi-square test, 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였으며 이는 SPSS 26.0 Program을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 교육 수준에 따라 고등학교 졸업(OR=1.328, 95% CI=1.004-1.757), 대학교 졸업 이상(OR=1.556, 95% CI=1.167-2.075), 스트레스는 많을수록(OR=1.602, 95% CI=1.217-2.109), 금연 시도가 있었던 경우가(OR=5.263, 95% CI=4.287-6.462) 금연 의지와 연관이 있었다. 금연 의지가 높은 집단을 대상으로 적극적인 금연 프로그램 참여를 통해 흡연율을 감소시키며 적절한 스트레스를 해소할 방안을 마련하여 만성질환을 예방할 필요가 있다. This study aims to confirm the association with the willingness to quit smoking in adult smokers with chronic diseases, and the research method was analyzed using data from the 7th National Health and Nutrition Survey (2016-2018). The subjects were frequency analysis, chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis of 960 chronically ill patients aged 19 years or older, which were analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 Program. As a result of the study, depending on the level of education, high school graduation (OR=1.328, 95%CI=1.004-1.757), college graduation or higher (OR=1.556, 95%CI=1.167-2.075), the more stressed you are (OR=1.602, 95%CI) =1.217-2.109), there was an attempt to quit smoking (OR=5.263, 95% CI=4.287-6.462), which was associated with the willingness to quit smoking. It is necessary to prevent chronic diseases by reducing the smoking rate through active participation in smoking cessation programs targeting groups with high willingness to quit smoking, and by preparing measures to relieve appropriate stress.

교란성분 모델링이 IMMU기반 자세추정 정확성에 미치는 영향

최미진,이정근,Choi, Mi Jin,Lee, Jung Keun 대한기계학회 2017 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.24 No.2

9축 IMMU기반의 3차원 자세추정에 있어 대표적인 정확성 저하요인은 가속도계 신호를 교란시키는 외부가속도와 지자기센서 신호와 관련된 자기교란이라는 두 가지 교란성분이다. 교란성분에 의한 영향을 최소화하기 위해 모델링기반 기법과 스위칭 기법이 제안되어 왔고, 이를 비교한 연구도 진행된 바 있다. 그러나 모델링기반 기법에서 모델링의 차이가 자세추정 성능에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 현재까지 발표된 바 없다. 본 논문은 교란성분 모델링이 IMMU기반 자세추정 정확성에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해, 모델링에 차이가 있는 최근 발표된 두 알고리즘을 다양한 시험조건에서 비교하였다. 이를 통해 교란성분 모델링의 차이는 진행잡음 공분산 행렬에 차이를 발생시키며, 이로 인해 자세추정 성능에 영향을 끼칠 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 시험결과 두 알고리즘은 평균제곱근오차에서 롤 피치 요평균 $1.35^{\circ}$ 및 요성분 $3.63^{\circ}$의 차이를 발생시켰다. In terms of 3D orientation estimation based on nine-axis IMMU(inertial and magnetic measurement unit), there are two disturbance components decreasing estimation accuracy: one is external acceleration disturbing accelerometer's signals and the other is magnetic disturbance related to magnetometer's signals. In order to minimize effects by these two disturbances, two approaches including switching approach and model-based approach have been suggested and further research comparing these two has also been conducted. Nevertheless, effect of disturbance modeling differences on orientation estimation accuracy in model-based approach has not been studied before. This paper compares the recently reported two orientation estimation algorithms that have difference in disturbance models, in order to investigate the effect of disturbance models on accuracy of IMMU-based orientation estimation under various operating conditions. This research shows that the difference in disturbance models leads to difference in process noise covariance matrix. Consequently, this affected the orientation estimation, i.e., the estimation differences between the algorithms were root mean square errors of $1.35^{\circ}$ in average and $3.63^{\circ}$ in yaw estimation.

정확한 방위각 추정을 위한 차수 변환 방식 자기왜곡 보상 메커니즘

최미진(Mi Jin Choi),이정근(Jung Keun Lee) 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.23 No.7

One of the most problematic factors in inertial/magnetic sensing-based tilt/azimuth estimation is magnetic distortion that can be added in magnetometer signals and may decrease the azimuth estimation accuracy. In this paper, we propose an orderswitching magnetic distortion compensation mechanism for accurate azimuth estimation. The proposed compensation mechanism switches between a first-order Gauss-Markov (GM) model and a second-order GM model of magnetic distortion. When the secondorder model is selected, the time-derivative of the magnetic distortion is additionally augmented in the states of the corresponding second-order azimuth Kalam filter. The proposed mechanism was experimentally validated in four different magnetically distorted conditions. The results show that the azimuth estimation error of the proposed method was less than 3° in all the tests and the proposed mechanism outperformed conventional approaches in the azimuth estimation.

Microbial electrolysis Cells에서 백금 촉매 대체용 니켈과 구리 촉매를 이용한 바이오수소 생산

최미진 ( Mi Jin Choi ),김경열 ( Kyoung Yeol Kim ),양은태 ( Eun Tae Yang ),김인수 ( In S. Kim ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2011 공동 추계학술발표회 Vol.2011 No.-

PBL을 활용한 대학 글쓰기 수업의 실제

최미진 ( Choi Mi-jin ) 현대문학이론학회 2016 現代文學理論硏究 Vol.0 No.67

이 글에서는 PBL(Problem-based Learning, 문제중심학습)을 활용한 대학의 글쓰기수업의 실제를 분석하고 개선방안을 검토하는 데 목적을 두었다. PBL수업은 부산외국어대학교 교양필수 과목인 <나를 바꾸는 글쓰기> 중 학술적 글쓰기를 대상으로 하였다. PBL을 활용한 학술적 글쓰기 수업을 설계하면서 다음의 특성을 부각시키고자 했다. 첫째, 자기 주도적 학습과 협동학습을 병행하여 실질적인 글쓰기 능력 향상에 초점을 두었다. 둘째, 교수의 미니 강의를 활용하여 학술적 글쓰기에 대한 이해를 돕고 PBL수업에 있을 법한 혼란을 방지하였다. 셋째, 평가방식을 다각화하는 동시에 차등화하여 글쓰기를 비롯한 의사소통능력 향상을 꾀하였다. PBL수업은 7주간 운영되었으며, 주별 수업 운영방식은 다음과 같다. 1주차는 사전활동과 문제제시가 이루어졌다. 사전활동은 PBL을 활용한 학술적 글쓰기 수업의 목표수립과 개념 이해, 그리고 수업과정과 평가방식을 실례를 통해 설명하였다. PBL수업에 대한 간단한 연습을 거친 후 실제적인 문제를 제시하고 모둠을 구성하였다. 2주차는 문제 확인과 계획 수립이 이루어졌다. 교수의 미니 강의 이후 학생들은 모둠별로 다양한 아이디어를 모아 하위 주제를 설정하고 과제수행계획서를 작성하였다. 이에 근거한 자료 수집은 개별로 이루어졌다. 3주차와 4주차는 대안마련 단계로 개요작성에 대한 미니 강의 후 협동적 문제해결 학습을 전개하였다. 3주차에는 수집한 자료를 종합하고 토론을 통해 대안을 마련하여 모둠별 개요 작성을 하였고, 4주차에는 모둠별 개요에 대한 토론과 교수의 대면 첨삭을 통해 대안을 조정하고 개요를 수정하였다. 이를 바탕으로 개별 글쓰기를 수행하였다. 5주차 결과정리 단계는 제출한 개별 글을 모둠원들끼리 동료 첨삭을 하였고, 이를 바탕으로 프레젠테이션 발표를 분담하여 준비하였다. 이때 교수는 개별 글에 대해 대면첨삭을 실시하였다. 6주차에는 PBL수업의 결과를 공유하기 위해 모둠별 프레젠테이션 발표와 평가가 이루어졌다. 마지막 7주차는 성찰과 평가 단계로 학생들 자신과 모둠원에 대한 평가서를 작성하였다. 수업 후 개별글의 완성본과 성찰일지를 제출하도록 하였다. PBL을 활용한 학술적 글쓰기 수업을 진행한 결과 몇 가지 개선방안이 요구되었다. 첫째, 모둠 구성의 불만 해소와 더불어 지속적인 모둠활동을 위한 효과적 전략이 필요했다. 둘째, 동료 첨삭의 지표를 세부적으로 적용한 연습활동을 거칠 필요가 있었다. 셋째, 학생들의 이해를 돕기 위해 교수의 미니 강의에 더해 플립 러닝의 병행을 고려해 볼 수 있었다. 이상에서 PBL을 활용한 학술적 글쓰기 수업은 신입생들에게 글쓰기에 대한 실질적인 동기 유발과 실력 향상을 꾀할 수 있는 효과적 방법이었다. 이 연구는 향후 지속적인 보완이 요구되지만 교육현장의 실제적 적용과 담론 형성에 도움을 줄 수 있으리라 여긴다. The purpose of this study was to analyze the college writing class that utilizes PBL(Problem-based Learning) and also to consider its characteristics and supplements. Participants of the research were students taking a required class called “Self-Changing Writing” in Pusan University of Foreign Studies which is an academic writing class utilizing PBL. “Self-changing writing” lecture utilizing PBL has the following characteristics. First, it focuses on building up self-confidence along with the interest on academic writing, by providing a combination of self-directed learning and cooperative learning. Second, it prevents the possible confusion that could come from PBL class beforehand, by providing small lecture by professors, to help deeper understanding of academic writing. Third, it enhances communicative-writing skills, by diversifying and differentiating the class evaluation system. PBL lecture was given for seven weeks and weekly lecture schedules are as followed. Pre-activity and presentation of an issue were given in week one. In pre-activity, participants were explained the objective establishment and the basic understanding of academic writing class as well as the lecture syllabus and grading scale using actual examples. After completing simple practice on PBL class, participants were introduced to a practical issue and then split into groups. In week two, participants confirmed the issue and established plans to resolve the issue. After given a small lecture from the professor, participants gathered various ideas within the group and selected sub-topics. Individually, participants started writing task-completion plan for the sub topic. Participants also collected data individually. Week three and four were the weeks of preparing counter-plan for the issue. Participants were given another small lecture on outlining and were involved in cooperative problem solving. In week three, participants shared collected data within the group and wrote outlines per group through discussion. In week four, each group met with the professor to discuss and proofread the outline. Each group then edited its plans. Individual writing practice along with group work followed. In week five, participants were involved in proofreading within the group and prepared Power Point presentations after dividing the topic by parts. This week, participants met with professors individually as well for face-to-face correction on individual papers. In week six, participants gave Power Point presentation by groups. In the last week, week seven, participants were given a survey to evaluate group members and were asked to write self-reflection diary on the class-tasks. When the class was over, each participant were submitted individual papers. And then this study consists of many complement points. First, new strategy to resolve dissatisfaction in grouping and continuing group work is required. Second, more practice on proofreading the class-mates` paper should be offered. Third, flipped learning could be implemented along with professor`s small lecture for student`s better understanding. As mentioned above, there are many methods that can be implemented for college freshmen to improve their writing skills and also to motivate them to write. Although this study should continuously be supplemented, this current study can also surely be implemented in the practical education field to create more discussions.

일반 논문 : 1950년대 장덕조 소설에 나타난 연애와 결혼 -『다정(多情)도 병(病)이련가』를 중심으로

최미진 ( Mi Jin Choi ) 현대문학이론학회 2009 現代文學理論硏究 Vol.0 No.37

김정한 소설의 연구 현황과 과제

최미진(Choi, Mi-Jin) 한국문학회 2010 韓國文學論叢 Vol.54 No.-

이 글의 목적은 그간 김정한 소설의 연구에서 결락된 부분을 검토하고 새로운 연구방향을 제시하는 데 있다. 우선, 김정한의 소설 연구에서 특장이자 한계로 꼽는 ‘작가적 체험의 서사화’를 검토하는 일이다. 작가적 체험과 관련된 누락된 정보를 찾는 동시에 비객관적 정보를 확인해야 한다. <과정>에서 보듯 역사적 자료를 바탕으로 작가의 체험과 서사 전략 사이의 관계와 의미를 새롭게 고찰해야 한다. 다음으로, 김정한의 삶과 문학에서 그 행보가 뚜렷하게 밝혀지지 않은 중기의 소설세계에 대한 검토가 본격화되어야 한다. 이 시기 작가의 삶과 창작활동에 관한 지속적인 발굴ㆍ소개를 바탕으로 본격적인 연구가 진행되어야 한다. 전후기 소설의 변모과정에 주목하여 연속적으로 파악해야 할 뿐 아니라 소설세계의 연속성을 총체적으로 연구해야 한다. 마지막으로, 김정한의 소설 연구에서 빼놓을 수 없는 정본 확정 문제를 면밀히 살펴야 한다. 지금까지 김정한의 소설 연구는 텍스트 자체에 산적한 문제를 간과한 채 연구자의 편의에 따라 대상 텍스트를 달리해왔다. 그런 점에서 무엇보다도 원전비평이 활성화되어야 한다. 특히 <항진기>와 같이 작가에 의한 수정이나 개작 여부를 면밀히 따져 간과된 원본 혹은 개작본을 재고하고 상호관련성을 밝히는 연구를 진행해야 한다. 이렇듯 김정한의 소설 연구는 결락된 부분을 제대로 깁는 일에서부터 소설세계의 연속성을 비판적으로 재구하는 일, 그리고 새로운 연구방법론을 천착하는 일로 나아가야 한다. This paper aims to critically examine key issues regarding the novels written by Yosan Kim, Jeong-han to present a new direction for future research, because most of the studies on his novels followed the footprints of the KAPF and supported the national literary criticism of the 1970's. It is necessary to critically review ‘the narrative of writer's experiences,’ which is the main characteristics and the limits of studying his works. To this end, an objective research not influenced by his reputation by separating novelist Kim, Jeong-han from ordinary Kim, Jeong-han is required. To begin with, filling in missing information and sorting out non-objective information are important. Second, it is essential to see if there are any gaps or coherence between the reconstructed memory and his narrative strategies, based on historical materials. This paper has examined <Gwajeong>. Third, a through examination of continuity or gaps in his novels is also needed. Next, a critical approach to the discourse on his quitting writing, which is the dubious part of Kim Jeong-han's life and literature, is necessary. To that end, first, the time from the Liberation Period to when <Moraetop(Sand bank) Story> was published should be categorized as ‘a middle period,’ not as a period of putting down his pen, in order to ensure continuity of his novels. Second, continued efforts to discover and introduce his middle period works are required. To achieve this goal, seven stories from the serial novel <Nongchonsesigi> are included in this paper. Since his middle period novels can give a clue to the continuity and transformation process in his overall novels, more studies need to be done. Lastly, it is essential to closely look into the issue of determining the original text, which is an indispensable part in studying his works. More than 20 different books of his stories have been published, but researchers selected different texts for their studies at their convenience. After going through the textual criticism, the story which was published in the media for the first time should be regarded as the original. The distinction between the original and its adaptations as well as the examination of any adjustment or adaptation by the writer are another requirements. Then, a review of the overlooked original or its adaptations should be made for any research in the future. As part of this procedure, <Hangjingi> is examined in this paper. The future direction of studying Kim Jeong-han's novels, therefore, should be to fill in the missing parts, critically re-examine the continuity of his stories and ponder a new research method throughly.

1920년대 신문소설에 나타난 유학 체험과 근대적 특성 -『읍혈조(泣血鳥)』와 『珍珠는 주엇스나』를 중심으로

최미진(Choi Mi-Jin),임주탁(Yim Ju-Tak) 한국문학회 2005 韓國文學論叢 Vol.41 No.-

This essay aims to examine modern characteristics of main characters with an experience of studying abroad in two novels Euphyeoljo and I Found a Pearl which were serially published in The Donga Ilbo in the 1920s. First of all, the main characters of the two novels were students studying abroad who were supposed to be the new modern agents, but they displayed a tendency to entirely rely on others because of their vulnerable financial condition. The parasitism served as an obstacle not only to serious self-reflection but also to the situation of Joseon under the Japanese colonial rule at the time. Moreover, the experience of studying abroad was diverted to indulging themselves in culture and arts of modern Japan, so it was almost impossible to deal with their dependence even after they came back to Joseon. Their parasite-like life was followed by self-deception and contradiction after their arrivals in Joseon and they were exposed to the risk of giving themselves up to the depraved lives. Second, both of the two novels put love at the center of modern experiences. The love can be characterized by a delicate combination of expectations for the sanctity of love and men's violence around the 1920s. The sanctity of love pursued the harmony of body and soul, while it also showed some forms and ideologies of romantic love which were in conformity to the sublime. Combined with traditional values, it served as a tool to intensify and internalize women's chastity. Even women revealed their tendency to admire love itself or to completely rely on "physical love." At the same time, men's violence remained as in the traditional society. Lastly, the two serial novels published in the newspaper depicted conspicuous consumption in a modern city. The modern city around the 1920s represented by Gyeongseong was described as a decadent and pleasure-seeking consumption city. Students who studied abroad as well as young people from the affluent families as main consumers in the novels were obsessed with conspicuous consumption. The youth from the wealthy class tried to win more reputation through consumption, while the students spent the money they gained in a fraudulent way in maintaining their reputation and leading dissipated a life. These modern characteristics shown in the two novels were intertwined with overall structure of the Korean society around the 1920s. This can be interpreted as general characteristics of a popular novel or retrospect of the modern industrial society. Yet, it cannot be seen as modern characteristics, in that the intelligent youth as modern agents in modern city of Gyeongseong in the 1920s were leading a life not that different from other people's. Therefore, the modern Joseon under the colonial rule should be characterized mainly by such characteristics as parasitism, violence and consumption.