중국의 금융서비스시장 개방에 관한 법적 고찰

장은정(???) 한국국제경제법학회 2011 국제경제법연구 Vol.9 No.2

세계 경제의 단일화와 산업구조의 우량화에 따라 서비스무역은 국제 경제 영역의 국가간의경쟁력 부문에 있어 대표적인 요소로 자리잡고 있으며 현재 국제 시장의 경쟁력은 화물무역에서 서비스무역을 중심으로 전환되고 있어 서비스무역의 중요도는 나날이 커지고 있다. 서비스 무역은 또한 일찍이 제조업의 발전추세를 넘어서 국민경제의 효율적인 제고와 국가 산업성장의 주동적인 역할을 담당하고 있다. 1992년 8월 한중수교 이후 양국은 정치, 경제, 문화 등 여러 방면에서 전면적인 교류와 협력을 통해 괄목할만한 성과를 보여왔으며 특히 2001년 중국의 WTO가입 후 양국간의 서비스무역은 형식적인 면에서 더욱 다원화 되었고 규모도 예전보다 확대되었다. 한국과 중국이 경제적로 밀접한 관계에 있는 원인은 중국은 한국의 최대 무역 대상국이자 해외 투자국이며 한국은 중국의 세 번째로 큰 무역 대상국이자 두 번째로 큰 외상 직접투자의 유치국이다. 동북아 지역의 경제영역에서 중요한 지위를 차지하고 있는 한중 양국의 시장경제와 가장 밀접한 관련이 있는 분야는 금융서비스업이다. 금융은 세계 경제현상을 직접적으로 반영하는 현대 경제발전에서 나날이 중요한 작용을 하고 있으며 더욱 복잡한 방향으로 발전하고 있는 분야로 금융이 없이는 경제 발전의 활력을 기대할 수 없다. 금융개방에 관해서는 여러 의견들이 분분하다. 어떤 부분에서는 선진화된 기술과 경험의 도입이라는 장점이 있고 다른 부분에서는 국내 금융시장과 금융서비스 제공자들에게는 큰 위기라는 부정적인 면이 있다. 이렇듯 금융 서비스의 개방은 한중 양국이 발전과 도전의 기회라는 눈앞에 직면해있는 중요한 문제로서 이에 대한 적절한 대응책을 마련하여 실행을 한다면 곧 동북아 지역의 평화와 안정을 유지하고 동북아 지역의 금융허브를 건설하여 경제 및 금융상의 핵심국가로 발전할 가능성이 명백하며 그러기 위해서 한중간의 우호적인 무역관계를 더욱 강화해야한다. 본 논문은 한중 FTA를 고려하여 금융시장 개방의 확대로 인한 금융업의 종합적인 발전의 필요에 의해 중국의 금융서비스 무역입법에 관한 문제에 대해 연구 및 문제점을 분석하고 한국과의 금융시장 개방시의 대응책을 마련할 것에 목적을 두고자 한다. 현재 학계에서는 한중 서비스무역에 관한 법률문제 연구가 매우 적고 연구 결과는 단편적인 정책사항에 관한 언급이 주가 되고 있는 상황에서 본 연구는 양국간의 금융서비스무역의 관련 법률 문제 분석의 시발점이 되며 앞으로의 양국간의 금융서비스 시장 개방에 관한 시사점을 제시하는데 의의가 있다 하겠다. 지역경제의 단일화와 세계무역의 무한경쟁속에 한중 양국은 반드시 서비스 무역시장을 확대해 나가 세계시장에 적극적으로 참여하고 양국이 모두 윈윈할 수 있는 전략을 실현해야한다.

난화를 이용한 자극제시 방법이 정신지체아의 언휘력 증가에 미치는 효과

장은정,권도하 한국언어치료학회 1997 言語治療硏究 Vol.6 No.1

The purpose of this study is to know the effects of two teaching methods using scribble with picture card and picture card only to increase vocabularies in the mentally retarded children. The subjects were four mentally retarded children who were between seven and eleven in chronological age. Each child was experimented with the two word lists using picture card and picture card with scribble. Scribble was used with the words spoken by the teacher. At that time the picture card of target word was presented. The results are as follows. 1. There was no difference in the mean time required for acquiring a single word between the two teaching methods. 2. The child who is the lowest IQ is the best learner with the scribble with picture card method than the rests of the subjects. 3. Even though there was no difference in the mean time in the two methods, the scribble with picture card method seems better than the card only in the respects of developing the learning attitudes. 4. The effects of improving and maintaining articulation observed in scribble plus picture method.

운동요법이 혈액투석 환자의 체력과 건강관련 삶의 질에 미치는 효과

장은정,김희승 한국간호과학회 2009 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.39 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stretching, muscle strengthening, and walking exercise on the cardiopulmonary function and health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Twenty-one patients in the intervention and the control group participated in the exercise respectively on maintenance hemodialysis at four university hospitals. The exercise was composed of 20 to 60 min per session, 3 sessions a week for 12 weeks. The effect of exercise was assessed by cardiopulmonary function (peak oxygen uptake, peak ventilation, peak respiration rate, maximal heart rate, and exercise duration) using a cycle ergometer. Grip strength was measured by dynamometer, and flexibility was measured by sit and reach measuring instrument. Health-related quality of life was measured using Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36. Results: Peak oxygen uptake, peak ventilation, peak respiration rate, exercise duration, grip strength, flexibility, and physical component scale were significantly improved in the intervention group after 12 week’s exercise compared to the control group. Conclusion: These findings indicate the exercise can improve cardiopulmonary function, grip strength, flexibility, and physical component scale of health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stretching, muscle strengthening, and walking exercise on the cardiopulmonary function and health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Twenty-one patients in the intervention and the control group participated in the exercise respectively on maintenance hemodialysis at four university hospitals. The exercise was composed of 20 to 60 min per session, 3 sessions a week for 12 weeks. The effect of exercise was assessed by cardiopulmonary function (peak oxygen uptake, peak ventilation, peak respiration rate, maximal heart rate, and exercise duration) using a cycle ergometer. Grip strength was measured by dynamometer, and flexibility was measured by sit and reach measuring instrument. Health-related quality of life was measured using Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36. Results: Peak oxygen uptake, peak ventilation, peak respiration rate, exercise duration, grip strength, flexibility, and physical component scale were significantly improved in the intervention group after 12 week’s exercise compared to the control group. Conclusion: These findings indicate the exercise can improve cardiopulmonary function, grip strength, flexibility, and physical component scale of health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients.

The Efficacy of Letrozole in Women with a Poor Endometrial Response to Clomiphene Citrate

장은정,지병철,Jang, Eun-Jeong,Jee, Byung-Chul The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2010 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.37 No.1

목 적: 클로미펜을 이용한 배란유도 주기에서 불량한 자궁내막 발달을 보이는 불임 여성에서 레트로졸의 효용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 2004년 3월부터 2009년 8월까지 분당서울대학교병원에서 클로미펜을 이용한 배란유도 주기에서 자궁내막 두께가 6.5 mm 이하여서 다음 주기에 레트로졸을 사용하였던 18명의 불임 여성을 선정하였다. 환자들의 평균 연령은 $30.7{\pm}2.8$세, 불임 기간은 $33.1{\pm}26.6$개월이었다. 불임의 인자는 자궁내막증이 1명, 다낭성난소증후군이 5명, 원인불명의 불임증이 12명이었다. 레트로졸은 2.5 mg의 용량으로 월경 3~5일 사이에 시작하여 5일간 투여하였다. 결 과: 이전 클로미펜 사용시와 비교하였을 때 레트로졸 주기에서 우성난포의 개수는 더 적었으나 ($1.1{\pm}0.3$ vs. $2.2{\pm}1.5$, p=0.011) 자궁내막 두께는 유의하게 증가하였으며 ($8.4{\pm}1.7$ mm vs. $5.8{\pm}0.5$ mm, p<0.001) 자궁내막 패턴 중 type C의 빈도는 이전 클로미펜 주기에서 50%이었던 것이 레트로졸 사용시 94.4%로 유의한 증가를 보였다 (p=0.036). 레트로졸을 이용한 배란 유도 주기에서 임신율은 11.1%였다. 결 론: 얇은 자궁내막 발달을 보였던 클로미펜 주기에 비해 레트로졸 사용시 자궁내막이 좀 더 두꺼워지고 패턴이 호전되는 것으로 보아 클로미펜에 불량한 자궁내막을 보이는 여성에서 이차 선택약제로 레트로졸의 사용은 유용한 방법으로 사료된다. Objective: To examine the efficacy of letrozole in infertile women showing a poor endometrial development at previous ovulation induction cycle by using clomiphene citrate. Methods: Eighteen infertile women were selected who showed a poor endometrial development (endometrial thickness$\leq$6.5 mm) after clomiphene treatment (50~100 mg) as ovulation induction for timed coitus. The mean age of the patients was $30.7{\pm}2.8$ years old and the mean duration of infertility was $33.1{\pm}26.6$ months. The infertility factors were identified as corrected endometriosis (n=1), polycystic ovary syndrome (n=5) and unexplained (n=12). Letrozole was given orally in a dose of 2.5 mg for 5 days starting 3~5 of menstrual cycle. Results: The number of follicles was significantly lower in the letrozole cycle when compared with previous clomiphene cycle ($1.1{\pm}0.3$ vs. $2.2{\pm}1.5$, p=0.011). The endometrial thickness (mm) at the time of triggering or LH surge was significantly greater in the letrozole cycle ($8.4{\pm}1.7$ vs. $5.8{\pm}0.5$, p<0.001). The endometrial pattern 'type C' was significantly higher in the letrozole cycle (94.4% vs. 50%, p=0.036). The pregnancy was achieved in 11.1% of the letrozole cycle. Conclusion: Use of letrozole was associated with more thick and improved endometrium than previous clomiphene cycles in which thin endometrium was identified. Use of letrozole appears to be an effective strategy for second-line treatment in women with inadequate endometrial response to clomiphene.

놀이를 활용한 긍정심리 집단상담 프로그램이 아동의 회복탄력성과 또래관계의 질에 미치는 효과: 초등학교 5,6학년 아동을 중심으로

장은정,박응임 한국아동학회 2020 한국아동학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2020 No.11

Acute Urticaria Induced by Oral Methylprednisolone

장은정,진현정,남영희,김주희,예영민,박해심 대한천식알레르기학회 2011 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.3 No.4

Although corticosteroids have immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic effects, allergic reactions are rare. We report a case involving a 52-year-old-female with acute urticaria caused by oral methylprednisolone. The patient had experienced aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) for 13 years with frequent asthma exacerbations. Symptoms of asthma exacerbations improved with short-term treatments of systemic steroids, including methylprednisolone or deflazacort, which had been well tolerated. However, the current admission was prompted by the development of acute generalized urticaria following the oral ingestion of methylprednisolone (8 mg) for relief of symptoms. An oral provocation test with 4 mg oral methylprednisolone led to generalized urticaria 20 minutes later, confirming the causal association. This is the first report of acute urticaria caused by oral methylprednisolone in a patient with AERD.

Pre-Service Early Childhood Education Teachers' Role Expectation of Their Supervisor and Awareness of Role Performance

장은정,김현자 대한아동복지학회 2013 아동복지연구 Vol.11 No.4

This study was designed to analyze the differences in pre-service teachers' awareness of role expectations of their supervisors and role performance. Data were collected from seniors in the Department of Early Childhood Education at D University in Gyeonggi Province, and an SPSS/WIN statistical program 15.0 was used to test the collected data to estimate reliability, frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, and to carry out t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and simple correlation analysis. As a result, first, the score for role expectation before the students began their supervised teaching was higher than for those who had already taught. Second, there were statistically significant differences in the researcher, teaching activity supervision, student teacher evaluation, role of practical supervision, and the entire role performance in terms of role expectation before supervised teaching; role performance differed statistically significantly in terms of growth opportunity provision; and role expectation differed statistically significantly in terms of the role of practical supervision based on the type of kindergarten where teaching took place. Third, as for the differences in role expectation before supervised teaching and role performance after teaching in kindergartens where pre-service early childhood education teachers practiced teaching, role expectation before teaching differed statistically significantly in terms of the role of practical supervision. Fourth, the higher role expectation student teachers had before supervised teaching, the lower awareness of role performance they had after teaching. Therefore, this study would be significant by suggesting the reason why supervisors should systematically plan supervision in consideration of role expectation before pre-service teachers start to practice teaching; and why pre-service teachers make thorough preparation for supervised teaching and have a chance to make reflective thinking sufficiently before they have excessive expectations of teaching.

Popular education for people’s empowerment in the Community Learning Center (CLC) project in Bangladesh

장은정,유성상 한국교육개발원 2012 KEDI Journal of Educational Policy Vol.9 No.2

The Community Learning Center project, implemented within the framework of APPEAL-UNESCO, has provided various learning opportunities for community development and improvements in quality life in the Asia-Pacific region. Several NGOs have organized CLCs in Bangladesh to provide innovative community-based education programs that further promote socio-economic advancement of local communities. This paper discusses elements of popular education in CLC project in Bangladesh by illustrating the social impact and implications for community development. The project represented the CLC approach in Bangladesh as an effort to encourage community participation in the main mechanism of lifelong education and community development. The CLC approach in Bangladesh, from the perspective of popular education, promoted community empowerment and social transformation through flexible, participatory and grassroots leadership rooted in the strengthened coordination, networking and partnership of the community.

[작품론] 증강하는 시도들

장은정 천년의시작 2010 (계간)시작 Vol.9 No.2

한·중 FTA 관련 관광서비스 분야의 영향과 대응방안

장은정 경북대학교 법학연구원 2014 법학논고 Vol.0 No.46

Nations of the world now make a pitch for regionalization and blockingto overcome the inherent limitation of multilateralism, and our country isalso positively push forward FTA to improve our nation’s economic survivaland competitiveness. As a result, we signed FTAs with huge world marketssuch as EU and the US, starting from Chile, and an FTA with China,currently handled as core subject, is under negotiation. South Korean government aims at comprehensive FTA including service,investment, government procurement and intellectual property right aswell as product, to maximize the effect of FTA, and currently the centerof global competition is moving from product to service. Among the servicearea, the tourism service industry is a higher value-added business givinga positive impact on the effective use of resources and economic development,and nations of the world including advanced countries put forth multilateralefforts into development of tourism industry. Due to the increasing Chineseand foreign tourists visiting our country over recent years, Korean tourismservice entered into a new phase of growth, and development of tourismservice is expected to take a larger role in expansion of jobs and socialand economic development, by bringing about variously derived industries. Chinese tourism market size is rapidly growing, and is expected to bethe largest in the world by 2020. And as Chinese tourists visiting ourcountry is likely to increase steadily, we need to establish a strategy for negotiation on the FTA service area, to make good use of tourism industryas the future growth engine, through attracting Chinese tourists, preparingfor the era of 10 million Chinese tourists in the future. By doing so, I expectboth South Korea and China can grow and develop more qualitatively andquantitatively in tourism area through FTA. 지금 세계 각국은 다자주의의 태생적 한계를 극복하기 위해 지역화와 블록화에 열을 올리고 있으며 우리나라도 이에 대응하여 안정적인 해외시장을 확보하고 우리나라의 경제적 생존과 국가 경쟁력 제고를 위해 적극적인 FTA를 추진하고 있다. 그 결과칠레를 시작으로 EU와 미국 등 세계 거대시장과의 FTA를 체결하였으며 현재 가장핵심의제로 다루어지고 있는 중국과는 협상이 진행중에 있다. 한국 정부는 FTA 체결 효과를 극대화하기 위해 상품뿐만 아니라 서비스, 투자,정부조달, 지재권 등의 포괄적인 FTA를 지향하고 있으며 현재, 글로벌 경쟁의 중심은 상품에서 서비스 분야로 옮겨가고 있다. 서비스분야 중에서 관광서비스 산업은 자원의 효율적인 활용과 경제발전에 긍정적 영향을 끼치는 고부가가치 산업으로서 선진국들을 비롯한 세계 각국에서 관광산업 발전에 다각적인 노력을 기울이고 있다. 최근몇 년간 우리 나라를 찾는 중국인 및 외국 관광객들의 증가로 한국의 관광 서비스는새로운 성장 국면을 맞고 있으며 관광 서비스의 발전은 다양한 파생산업을 유발시키켜 일자리의 확대와 사회 및 경제발전에도 큰 역할을 할 것이라 전망된다. 중국의 관광시장 규모는 급속도로 성장하고 있고 2020년에는 세계 최대 관광시장으로 성장할 것이라 예상되며 우리나라를 찾는 중국 관광객도 꾸준히 증가할 것으로보아 우리는 향후 중국인 관광객 천만 시대에 대비하여 중국인 관광객 유치를 통해관광산업을 미래 성장 동력으로 활용할 수 있도록 FTA 서비스 분야에 대한 협상전략을 세워야 한다. 그리하여 한․중 양국이 FTA를 통하여 관광 분야에 있어서 양적으로나 질적으로 더욱 발전된 모습으로 성장하기를 기대해본다.