직업성 암의 업무성 인정에 관한 연구

이상덕(Lee, Sang Duk) 한국비교노동법학회 2013 노동법논총 Vol.27 No.-

In regard to relatedness between work and diseases, there are two theories. One requires adequate causation between the two and the other does work relatedness rather than its adequate causation. From this point of view it may be more proper to say that it is sufficient only with reasonable relations. Employers have the duty of protection against health hazards in work places, and it is needless to say that industrial accident insurance is more effective than tort. In case that the causes of occupational diseases are one which the employee has had originally and the other which has aroused by health hazards of his work environment, Korean Supreme Court judges occupational diseases by relatively loose standards, and it thinks employees have the duty of proof. In spite of the judgements of the Supreme Court. I think employers should have the same kind of duty to prove evidences against the occurrence of the diseases during the employees’ work period. Especially the number of diseases that occurred in certain hours and time after having injuries or accidents but the causes of the occurrence or deterioration of the diseases are unknown has increased. Practically because it is very difficult to assume the causation of the diseases and to measure carcinogens, the transfer of proof responsibility is needed. It is because it is difficult to accept occupational diseases only with the adequate causation that carcinogens can be the only reason of occupational cancer. So we should acknowledge work related cancers caused by carcinogens.

112 신고 건수에 영향을 미치는 주요 변수 분석

이상덕(Sang Duk Lee) 한국자료분석학회 2023 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.25 No.5

데이터 사이언스의 발전으로 다양한 기계학습과 딥러닝 모델을 이용한 112 신고 건수 예측이 이뤄지고 있고 상당한 높은 성능으로 112 신고 건수를 예측할 수 있는 모델과 방법이 제시되고 있다. 이러한 신고 건수의 예측은 범죄 발생 가능성이 높은 날짜와 장소에 적절한 경찰력을 투입할 수 있으며 이러한 예측을 통해 범죄 예방과 경찰 자원의 효율적 사용을 가능하게 한다. 정확한 112 신고 건수의 예측이 중요하지만, 어떤 날 어떤 이유가 높은 신고 건수를 만들게 되는지 그 요인에 대한 파악 역시 중요하다. 경찰관들은 오랜 경험과 감을 통해서 오늘 신고 건수가 많을 것인지 적을 것인지를 예측할 수 있다. 또 국민들도 어림잡아 이런 날은 신고가 많이 들어오지 않을까? 하는 생각을 하고 있다. 실제로 휴일 여부는 신고 건수에 큰 차이를 보이고 휴일신고가 많이 들어올 것이라고 예상이 되며 결과적으로도 큰 영향을 미치는 변수라는 것이 여러 논문에서 확인된 바가 있다. 하지만 그렇게 명백한 변수들은 실제 신고 건수와 높은 상관관계를 갖게 되어 다른 변수들의 영향력을 작게 만들게 되며 모든 예측에 절대적인 기준이 되어 버리기도 한다. 또한 상대적으로 변동이 적은 변수의 경우는 신고 예측 큰 영향을 줄 수가 없다. 이러한 이유로 단지 모델의 성능 개선을 통한 예측보단 각 변수의 예측 결과에 대한 영향을 알아보고 더 나아가 해당 112 신고 예측에 필요한 변수의 선택 방법과 왜 이런 결과를 모델이 선택했는지를 확인하여 주요 변수가 모델의 미치는 영향과 설명력을 확인으로 112 신고 예측 모델 구축 시 주목할 만한 변수를 제시하고 한다. With the development of data science, various machine learning and deep learning models are being utilized to predict the number of 112 emergency calls with high accuracy. Predicting emergency response volume can help law enforcement agencies efficiently allocate police resources to high-risk areas and dates, thereby preventing crime. However, it is also important to understand the factors that contribute to high call volume on specific dates and times. Police officers may have a sense of whether call volume will be high or low based on their experience and intuition. Similarly, the general public may make assumptions about which factors contribute to higher call volumes. In fact, there is a significant difference in call volume between holidays and weekdays, as several studies have confirmed that holidays have a significant impact on call volume. However, clear variables can reduce the impact of other variables on the prediction model and can become the sole criterion for all predictions. Additionally, variables with relatively low variability may not have a significant impact on call volume prediction. For these reasons, it is important to understand the impact of each variable on prediction results, select the necessary variables for predicting 112 emergency calls, and understand why the model selects certain variables to build an effective prediction model. Through this study, we can examine the key variables that influence the model and their explanatory power, and provide the essential variables needed to construct a 112 emergency call prediction model, without relying solely on model performance improvement.

밀 단백 효소 가수분해물의 항균활성

이상덕(Sang-Duk Yi),주정현(Jeong-Hyeon Joo),이규희(Gyu-Hee Lee),이기택(K. T. Lee),오만진(Man-Jin Oh) 한국식품영양과학회 2003 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.32 No.5

밀 단백질에 효소가수분해할 때 생산되는 peptide의 항균활성과 천연항균제로서의 이용가능성을 검토하기 위하여 실험을 행하였다. 밀 단백질에 7종의 단백질가수분해효소를 작용시켜 생성된 가수분해물의 항균활성을 측정하고 한외여과, membrane filtration, HPLC를 이용하여 항균성 peptide를 분리 정제한 후 분자량과 아미노산 결합순서를 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 밀 단백질에 7종의 단백질 분해효소를 적용시켜 제조한 가수분해물중 Asp. saito protease를 적용시켜 얻어진 peptide만이 항균활성을 나타내었다. Asp. saito protease는 37℃, pH 6.0에서 작용시킨 경우에 항균활성이 가장 높았으며, 50℃ 이상에서는 활성을 나타내지 않았다. 밀단백 효소가수분해물은 membrane filtration에 의하여 분자량 1,000~3,000에서 항균활성이 나타났다. Membrane filtration으로 얻어진 항균활성분획을 HPLC로 분리한 결과 retention time 31.1~31.8 min에서 항균활성을 나타내었다. 밀단백 효소가수분해물은 121℃에서 15분간 가열하여도 효소활성이 유지되는 매우 안정한 화합물이었다. 항균활성분획을 MALDImass로 질량을 분석한 결과 1,633이었다. 항균성 peptide의 아미노산 결합순서는 cysteine, glycine, prolin, valine, valine, alanine, alanine, arginine의 순서였다. This study was carried out to investigate whether peptide produced from wheat protein by enzyme hydrolysis can be used as a natural antimicrobial agent. Antimicrobial peptide was obtained from wheat protein hydrolyzed by 7 of protease. The produced antimicrobial peptide was purified through ultrafiltration, membrane filtration and HPLC, and molecular weight and amino acid sequence of the purified antimicrobial peptide were determined. Among hydrolysate produced from wheat protein by 7 of protease, antimicrobial activity was observed for the peptide obtained from Asp. saito protease. The Asp. saito protease did produce antimicrobial hydrolysate showing the highest antimicrobial activity at reaction condition of 37℃ and pH 6.0, but not at reaction condition above 50℃. Wheat protein hydrolysate was fractionated by membrane filtration and showed antimicrobial activity between molecular weight 1,000~3,000. The antimicrobial activity fraction obtained by membrane filtration was separated through HPLC and showed antimicrobial activity in the peak of retention time 31.1~31.8 min. We could convince this hydrolysate as heat-stable peptide since antimicrobial activity was maintained after treated with heat for 15 min at 121℃. Molecular weight of antimicrobial peptide identified by MALDI-mass was 1,633. Amino acid sequence of antimicrobial peptide was cysteine, glycine, prolin, prolin, prolin, valine, valine, alanine, alanine and arginine.

취업규칙의 불이익변경과 집단적 동의

이상덕(Lee, Sang-Duk) 한국노동법학회 2013 노동법학 Vol.0 No.46

구조물 배면에 사질토 되메움시 유발되는 수평토압에 관한연구

이상덕(Lee Sang-Duk),강세구(Kang Se-Gu) 한국토목섬유학회 2011 한국지반신소재학회 논문집 Vol.10 No.4

본 연구에서는 모형실험을 통하여 구조물 배면의 좁은 공간을 사질토로 되메움 할 때, 되메움 지반의 공간크기와 형태 및 지오그리드의 포실 유/무에 따른 수평토압의 크기와 분포형태를 측정하였다. 8개의 층으로 구성된 벽체를 설치하고 좁은 되메움 지반을 벽체 하단으로부터 이격거리 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 절취면의 각도는 90°, 75°, 60°로 모사하고, 되메움 지반내 지오그리드의 설치 유/무의 조건으로 수평토압을 측정했다. 측정결과 좁은 지반에서 되메움에 의한 수평토압은 아칭형태를 보였고 사면 파괴체 인에 모형지오그리드를 포설할 경우라도 수평토압이 감소된 결과가 나타났다. 본 연구와 유사한 현장의 벽체에 미치는 토압을 산정할 때 되메움 공간의 형상과 크기, 지오그리드 설치 등을 고려한 토압산정식이 적용되여야 할 것으로 확인되었다. In this study, the reinforcing effect of geogrids in the narrow backfill by sand was experimentally studied. In the model tests, the size of space and the slope of the cut off slope were varied out. The resultant and the distribution of lateral earth pressure were measured. Width of backfill space varied 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm at the lower wall level and angle of the cut off slope varied 90°, 75°, 60°. Geogrids were installed in the backfill. Measured results showed that the distribution of the lateral earth pressure due to the narrow backfill developed in a arching shape. And the earth pressure was reduced due to the reinforcement of the backfill by geogrid. geogrid helps reduction of lateral earth pressure.

논문(論文) : 기원전 6-5세기 아테나이의 현실정치와 테세우스 신화

이상덕 ( Sang Duk Lee ) 한국서양고대역사문화학회 2008 서양고대사연구 Vol.22 No.-

최근 중국 채소 생산 현황 분석

이상덕 ( Sang Duk Lee ),김윤두 ( Yoon Doo Kim ) 한국국제농업개발학회 2008 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

생활체육행정직의 직무만족에 관한 연구

이상덕(Sang Duk Lee),임영삼(Young Sam Lim),홍윤숙(Yun Suk Hong) 한국사회체육학회 2001 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.16 No.-

The purpose of this research is to investigate the satisfaction with a job(such as human relation, conditions of working, a pay level, and conditions of employment) according to the individual characteristics. The collected data were analyzed with frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and ANOVA. This study was intended for administrator of the physical fitness and the results are as follows; The first it shows that pleasure with human relation is higher in male the chief of a section or more and the staff from the department of physical education. The second, the satisfaction with conditions of working is high in male, university men, the married, the staff with career of 3 to 5 years, a mere clerk and the head of section, and the staff at their forties. The third, it shows that the married, a mere clerk and the head of section are more satisfied with their pay level. The last, the pleasure with conditions of employment is higher in the staff at their forties, the staff from the department of physical education, and is high in male, the post-graduate staff, the married, the staff with career of 3 to 5 years, the chief of a section or more, and the staff who have no certification.

골프활동 소비자의 구매행동에 관한 연구

이상덕(Sang Duk Lee),최경호(Kyung Ho Choi) 한국사회체육학회 2002 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.18 No.1

The purpose of the study is to research and analyze factors which influence the purchasing behaviors of consumers and this exam looks into different sources of information which the consumers turn to in making purchasing decisions. This study aims to provide a base on which the consumers can make purchasing decisions. The results are as follows ; First, according to demographical characteristics, the types of consuming differentiated in many aspects ; in terms of gender, women in their 40s buy more than men. In terms of education, college graduates with income of 3000000-3990000 won are also main consumers. Besides businesses owners enjoy playing golf. The research showed that they think much of functions of the equipment and they are much influenced by experts` advice. In the light of the sources of information, regardless of gender, age, school, income and job, consumers put an importance on the advice of experts and then the member of group, friend, magazine, TV, salesmen, newspaper and radio follow, in order of importance.

내과성질병에 있어서 업무상 질병의 인정기준

이상덕(Lee, Sang Duk) 한국노동법학회 2011 노동법학 Vol.0 No.40

In regard to relations between work snd injury, there are theories which demands adequate causatuon and theory that needs reasonable relations rather than adequate causation. From this point of view it may be more proper to say that it is sufficient only with reasonable relations. Enployer has the duty of security protecton, and practically industrial accident insurance is more effective than tort. In case that the causes of occupational diseases are the employee"s own desease and new occupational disease, Korean Supreme Court considers occupational diseases by relatively loose standards, and thinks employees have the duty of proof. But employers should have this kind of duty to prove evidences because there should exist proof to the contrary. Especially there increase diseases whose cause and degeneration are unknown, and arise diseases in certain hours and time after having suffered injuries or accidents. Practically because the assumption of causation is very difficult, there needs the transfer of proof responsibility. For it is difficult to agree with occupational disease only with the grounds that for example overwork and stresses can be the reason of gastric cancer or liver cancer. So we can acknowledge occupational diseases caused by overwork and stresses.