한·미 철강 제로잉 분쟁과 시사점

박혜리,사딕호드자에브 세르죠드 대외경제정책연구원 2011 지역경제포커스 Vol.2011 No.4

▣ 지난 2월 24일 WTO 분쟁해결기구는 한·미 철강 분쟁의 패널 최종 보고서를 채택하였으며, 이 보고서는 우리나라 철강제품에 대한 미국의‘제로잉(zeroing)’사용이 WTO 반덤핑 협정에 위배된다는 WTO 판결 내용에 관한 것임. - 우리나라는 2009년 11월 미국의 제로잉 조치에 대해 WTO에 제소한 바 있으며 2009년 12월과 2010년 2월 두 차례의 양자협의에 실패하여 2010년 5월 분쟁 패널이 설치되었음. ▣ 한·미 철강 제로잉 분쟁은 미국의 제로잉 관행에 대한 우리나라의 첫 WTO 제소라는 점과 제로잉 관련 승소 사례를 구축하였다는 데 의의가 있음. - 그러나 이번 WTO 제소는 절차상의 의미가 크기 때문에 분쟁 승소에 대한 과대평가는 지양해야 하며, 향후 제로잉 논의에 대응할 수 있는 후속 전략 마련에 힘을 써야 함. ▣ 최근 제로잉 사용을 제한하는 방향으로 논의가 진행되고 있고 미국도 제로잉 관련 규정을 손질하는 방안에 대해 고심하는 등 변화된 움직임을 보이고 있는바, 우리나라도 다각적인 대응방안을 마련해야 하는 시점임. - 제로잉으로 인한 우리 기업의 피해를 최소화하기 위해서 단기적으로는 WTO 제소를 통한 승소, 양자협의 등 양자간 대응 방식이 효과적일 것으로 예상됨. - 그러나 보다 근본적으로는 DDA 반덤핑 협상에 적극 동참하여 분쟁의 소지가 있는 제로잉 관련 규정의 명료화를 위해 노력해야 함. - 또한 대내적으로 반덤핑(제로잉) 논의에 대한 대기업과 중소기업의 관심 증대, 업계와 전문가의 협력체계 구축, 정부의 인력 및 재정 지원이 이루어져야 할 것임.

LED 산업의 Bio 분야 과제

박혜리 한국조명·전기설비학회 2021 조명.전기설비 Vol.35 No.3

Effects of Evening Exposure to Light from Organic Light-Emitting Diodes on Melatonin and Sleep

박혜리,최수정,조현진,조재욱,주은연 대한신경과학회 2020 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.16 No.3

Background and Purpose Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) emit less blue light than traditional light-emitting diodes (LEDs), but the effects of OLED light exposure (LE) on melatonin and sleep have not been evaluated. Methods Twenty-four healthy subjects (age 26.9±5.7 years; including 18 females) with the intermediate chronotype were exposed to three different light conditions [4,000 K 150 lux OLED LE, 4,000 K 150 lux LED LE, and dim light (DL) at <10 lux] for 6.5 h from 17:30 to 24:00, in a random order and with a 1-week interval. Participants entered the unit for the experiment at 16:00, and their daylight was measured by actigraphy from 8:00 to 16:00 during each session. Saliva samples for melatonin were taken every hour from 18:00 to 24:00. Sleep was monitored by polysomnography, and vigilance was evaluated by psychomotor vigilance test upon awakening. Results Melatonin onset occurred at 21:11±01:24, 21:20±01:19, and 21:36±01:16 in the DL, OLED, and LED conditions, respectively. Melatonin onset was significantly delayed under LED LE compared to DL (p=0.007) but did not differ under OLED LE (p=0.245). Melatonin suppression, sleep parameters, and vigilance were similar among the three light conditions. The accumulated amount of daytime light in each session was negatively correlated with the melatonin onset time under the DL (rho=-0.634, p=0.002) and OLED (rho=-0.447, p=0.029) conditions, not under the LED condition (p=0.129). Conclusions Melatonin onset under OLED LE was not significantly delayed compared to DL. Exposure to sufficient daylight may advance melatonin onset even when a subject is exposed to OLED LE in the evening.

Evaluation of Tumor Blood Flow Using Alternate Ascending/Descending Directional Navigation in Primary Brain Tumors: A Comparison Study with Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging

박혜리,Joonhyuk Lee,Sung-Hong Park,Seung Hong Choi 대한영상의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.20 No.2

Objective: Alternate ascending/descending directional navigation (ALADDIN) is a novel arterial spin labeling technique that does not require a separate spin preparation pulse. We sought to compare the normalized cerebral blood flow (nCBF) values obtained by ALADDIN and dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with primary brain tumors. Materials and Methods: Sixteen patients with primary brain tumors underwent MRI scans including contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging, DSC perfusion MRI, and ALADDIN. The nCBF values of normal gray matter (GM) and tumor areas were measured by both DSC perfusion MRI and ALADDIN, which were compared by the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Subgroup analyses according to pathology were performed with the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: Higher mean nCBF values of GM regions in the bilateral frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and caudate were detected by ALADDIN than by DSC perfusion MRI (p < 0.05). In terms of the mean or median nCBF values and the mean of the top 10% nCBF values from tumors, DSC perfusion MRI and ALADDIN did not statistically significantly differ either overall or in each tumor group. Conclusion: ALADDIN tended to detect higher nCBF values in normal GM, as well as higher perfusion portions of primary brain tumors, than did DSC perfusion MRI. We believe that the high perfusion signal on ALADDIN can be beneficial in lesion detection and characterization.

여성에서의 폐쇄성 수면무호흡증후군

박혜리,남현우 대한수면연구학회 2010 Journal of sleep medicine Vol.7 No.2

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by recurrent episodes of upper airway collapse and obstruction during sleep. These episodes of obstruction are associated with recurrent hypoxemia and decline in efficiency of ventilation. Gender-related differences in sleep and its regulation influence the risk and mechanisms of sleep disorders. In addition, physiologic changes in women’s lives such as pregnancy and menopause are related to OSAS. OSAS is associated with various medical complications and decreased quality of life, so its accurate diagnosis and active management is needed.

AHP기반 무기 기능 온톨로지 통합 방법

박혜리,서윤호 한국엔터프라이즈아키텍처학회 2015 정보기술아키텍처연구 Vol.12 No.1

In modern society, countless data is producing, distributing, and processing, Andsemantic web emerged to specify the meaning of data which exists on the web research aboutontology is actively progressing which expresses specific conception as a hierarchy structure andrepresents meaningful correlation. Ontology represents the object which requires expression as arelationship among terms and it has hierarchy structure. Through this Ontology, entire expressionof specific object is possible and also it is capable of extending knowledge through mapping withanother ontology. In this research, To expand meaning of independent weapon entity functionontologies applied to military weapon entities area into the whole weapon entity ontologies, it usesAHP analysis which is hierarchy structure and it draw same concepts in two ontologies. Also, priorto this process two ontologies which express function element about specific weapon entity are constructedas cases based on existing concept of ontology. Based on constructed ontology, it selectssame concepts which are available for mutual mapping and ultimately integrated form expression of two ontologies is possible through AHP analysis. Furthermore, it widens deduction domainthrough integrated ontology. In addition, the integrated function representation is demonstratedthrough a framework that is useful in the search or the management of the weapons. 방대한 데이터가 생성, 유통, 처리되고 있는 현대사회에서는 웹 상에 존재하는 데이터의 의미를명확히 하기 위해 시멘틱 웹이 등장하였으며, 특정 개념의 의미적 연관성을 나타낼 수 있는 온톨로지에 대한 연구가 활발하다. 온톨로지는 표현하고자 하는 대상을 관련된 개념 간의 관계로 표현하며 계층 구조를 이룬다. 이로써 특정 대상의 의미 표현이 가능하며 또 다른 온톨로지와 매핑 또는 상호간연결을 통해 지식의 확장도 가능하다. 서로 다른 온톨로지들이 결합되어 지식의 확장을 이룬 형태를통합 온톨로지라 표현한다. 본 연구에서는 국방 무기체계 분야에 적용된 독립적인 무기개체 기능요소온톨로지들을 전체 무기개체 기능요소를 표현하는 온톨로지로 나타내고 의미를 확장시키기 위해 계층분석적 의사결정 방법인 AHP 분석을 이용하여 두 온톨로지가 갖는 공통요소를 도출한다. 또한 이에앞서 기존 온톨로지 개념을 바탕으로 특정 무기개체에 대한 기능요소를 표현하는 두 온톨로지를 사례로 구축한다. 구축된 온톨로지를 기반으로 AHP 분석을 이용하여 상호간 매핑이 가능한 동일한 개념들을 선별해 내고 최종적으로 두 온톨로지의 통합된 형태를 표현해 낸다. 앞선 과정의 결과로 도출된통합형태의 온톨로지로 인해 특정 개념이 가지는 의미의 추론영역이 더욱 넓어지게 된다. 더불어 통합 무기개체 기능요소 용어표현이 무기제원의 검색 또는 관리에 있어 유용함을 프레임워크를 통해 보인다.

중국의 WTO 정부조달협정(GPA) 가입협상 동향과 시사점

박혜리 대외경제정책연구원 2012 지역경제포커스 Vol.2012 No.1

▶ 2012년 7월 18일 중국의 WTO 정부조달협정(GPA) 가입을 위한 협상이 개최되었으며, 우리나라와 주요 회원국들은 중국의 양허안(3차 양허안)에 대한 의견을 전달하였음.-중국이 올해 안에 4차 양허안을 제출하기로 한바, 추가적인 요청사항 및 질의사항을 발굴하는 등 향후 개최될 가입협상을 위한 준비와 검토가 필요한 시점임. ▶ 중국은 2007년 GPA 가입협상을 개시한 이후 3차 양허안(2011년 11월)까지 제출한 상태이며, 협상 개시 당시 제출한 1차 양허안의 개방 수준과 비교한다면 많은 개선점이 있으나 여전히 여타 회원국의 개방수준과는 상당한 차이가 있어 추가적인 협상이 필요함.-주요 개선사항으로는 중앙정부의 건설서비스 양허하한선 인하, 지방정부의 양허대상 포함, 공기업의 서비스 양허대상 포함 등임.-추가적으로 개선이 필요한 사항은 1) 양허하한선 추가 인하, 2) 단계별 양허 확대안 기간 조정 또는 철회, 3) 협정 적용 배제 주석의 명확화 또는 삭제, 4) 서비스 및 건설서비스 양허범위 확대, 5) 지방정부 및 국영기업 양허범위 확대 등임. ▶ 향후 중국 GPA 가입협상에 대한 우리나라의 전략은 첫째, 여타 협상국과의 긴밀한 공조, 둘째, 다양한 협상카드 마련을 통해 중국 조달시장 개방 유도, 셋째, 협상 효과 극대화를 위한 국내 관련 부처간의 사전협의 및 공조, 넷째, 한·중 FTA를 고려한 가입협상 전략 구상, 다섯째, 중국 정부조달 체계 및 규모에 관한 정보 파악 등임.

Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on White Matter Microstructure in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

박혜리,Kim Hye Ryun,Seong Joon-Kyung,Joo Eun Yeon 대한수면학회 2023 sleep medicine research Vol.14 No.1

Background and Objective Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has significant effects on quality of life and may lead to cognitive impairments. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the standard treatment for OSA and has been shown to improve sleep disturbances and daytime dysfunction. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of CPAP on white matter (WM) integrity using longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tests.Methods Twenty-two male patients with moderate to severe OSA were recruited, and thepatients underwent DTI scanning before and 6–44 months after CPAP treatment. Sixteen male patients with untreated OSA who were not compliant with CPAP were included as a reference group. We compared the functional anisotropy (FA) values between baseline and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging in both the CPAP and untreated groups using tract-specific statistical analysis (TSSA) method.Results The TSSA analysis showed that FA values in the middle part of the right corticospinal tract were increased after treatment in the CPAP group. In the untreated group, no significant change in FA value was observed between baseline and follow-up. In the CPAP group, the post-treatment FA value in the anterior part of the right anterior thalamic radiation was significantly correlated with the duration of CPAP therapy, after controlling for age, body mass index, and baseline FA value.Conclusions Our study suggests that long-term CPAP treatment could gradually reverse OSA-induced injury to the WM microstructure, particularly WM associated with the motor and limbic systems. The study findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of cognitive improvement after CPAP treatment in patients with OSA.

Electrophysiological Characteristics of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome with Insomnia: Polysomnography and Cardiopulmonary Coupling Analysis

박혜리,주은연,홍승봉 대한수면연구학회 2015 Journal of sleep medicine Vol.12 No.2

Objective: To characterize sleep of subjects with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) with insomnia compared to OSA without insomnia in terms of polysomnography (PSG) and cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) analysis Methods: Subjects with OSA (apnea-hypopnea index, AHI≥5/h, n=200) were enrolled and divided into OSA subjects with insomnia (OSA-I) and subjects with OSA only (OSA-O). OSA-I complained of difficulty falling and/or staying asleep at an initial interview in clinic. We compared demographics including mood states, daytime sleepiness, PSG, and CPC parameters between groups, and performed correlation analyses between PSG and CPC parameters for each group. Results: Female ratio was higher in OSA-I than OSA-O. OSA-I were older and slimmer than OSA-O. OSA-O were much drowsier (Epworth sleepiness scale 10.0 vs. 6.8). However, mood states were not different between two groups. OSA-I showed significantly longer sleep latency and lower sleep efficiency than OSA- O. Despite of higher arousal index and AHI of OSA-O, wakefulness after sleep onset was greater in OSA- I. There was no significant difference of CPC parameters between two groups after adjustment of AHI. In correlation analyses, low frequency coupling and high frequency coupling duration were associated with AHI, arousal index, and lowest SaO2 in both groups. Conclusions: OSA-I demonstrated more fragmented sleep architecture and disruptive sleep in spite of lower sleep-disordered breathing related distress than OSA-O. CPC analysis is unable to differentiate sleep patterns of OSA subjects.

개정 정부조달협정(GPA)의 주요 내용과 정책 시사점

박혜리 대외경제정책연구원(KIEP) 2016 오늘의 세계경제 Vol.2016 No.-