딸기 수경재배에서 시들음병 발생에 배양액 pH와 EC 효과

남명현,이희철,김태일,이은모,윤혜숙 한국식물병리학회 2018 식물병연구 Vol.24 No.1

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae (Fof)에 의한 딸기 시들음병은 국내에서 중요한 병해이다. 특히 딸기재배에서 시들음병 발생은 수경재배 면적이 증가하면서 증가하는 경향을 보이고 있다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 딸기 수경재배에서 시들음병 발생에 배양액의 pH와 EC의 영향을 in vitro와 재배포장에서 조사하였다. pH는 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5로 in vitro와 재배포장에서 검정하였고 EC는 0, 0.5, 0.8, 1, 1.5 dS·m-1로 재배포장에서 조사하였다. In vitro 상에서 딸기 시들음병균의 균사생육은 pH가 증가하면서 증가하였고 25oC, pH 7에서 최대였으며 20oC, pH 5에서가장 낮았다. 재배포장에서 딸기 시들음병 발생은 pH 6.5에서가장 낮았고 pH 5에서 가장 높은 경향을 보였다. 배양액의 pH 는 높아질수록 배액의 EC는 감소하였고 딸기 잎의 칼륨함량은증가되었다. EC 검정에서 배양액 EC가 상승함에 따라 딸기 시들음병 발생과 잎의 질소함량은 증가하였다. 이런 결과로 딸기시들음병 발생은 수경재배에서 pH와 EC가 관련이 있다는 것을알 수 있었다. Fusarium wilt on strawberry plants caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae (Fof) is a major disease in Korea. The prevalence of this disease is increasing, especially in hydroponic cultivation in strawberry field. This study assessed the effect of nutrition solution pH and electrical conductivity (EC) on Fusarium wilt in vitro and in field trials. pH levels of 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, and 7.5 were assayed in vitro and in field trials. EC levels at 0, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.5 dS∙m-1 were assayed in field trials. Mycelial growth of Fof increased with increasing pH and was highest at 25oC pH 7 and lowest at 20oC, pH 5.0 in vitro. The incidence of Fusarium wilt was lowest in the pH 6.5 treatment and highest in the pH 5 treatment in field trials. At higher pH levels, the EC decreased in the drain solution and the potassium content of strawberry leaves increased. In the EC assay, the severity of Fusarium wilt and nitrogen content of leaves increased as the EC increased. These results indicate that Fusarium wilt is related to pH and EC in hydroponic culture of strawberry plants.

Taxonomic Re-evaluation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Isolated from Strawberry in Korea

남명현,박명수,이희덕,유승헌 한국식물병리학회 2013 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.29 No.3

For the past two decades, the causal agent of anthracnose occurring on strawberry in Korea was considered Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. However, the recent molecular analysis has shown that the genus Colletotrichum has undergone many taxonomic changes with introduction of several new species. As a result, it revealed that C. gloeosporioides indeed consisted of more than 20distinct species. Therefore, the Korean pathogen isolated from strawberry should be reclassified. The shape and size of the conidia of the pathogen were not distinctly different from those of C. gloeosporioides and C. fructicola, but it differed in shape of the appressoria. A combined sequence analysis of partial actin, glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase genes, and the internal transcribed spacer regions showed that the strawberry isolates formed a monophyletic group with authentic strains of C. fructicola. On the basis of these results, the anthracnose fungi of the domestic strawberry in Korea were identified as C. fructicola and distinguished from C. gloeosporioides.

Application of an IPM-based Spray Program to Protected Cultivation of Strawberry in Korea

남명현,김현숙,이원근,성열규,마크 L. 글리슨,송정영,김홍기 한국원예학회 2008 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.49 No.5

An IPM-based spray program (ISP), based on ecological and agronomic information, is necessary for reducing pesticide sprays and producing strawberries safely. In this study, the applicability of ISP to safe production of strawberries was compared with a conventional spray program (Con-SP) during the 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 seasons in plastic houses in Nonsan, Korea. The ISP program consisted of fungicide, insecticide, and miticide treatments as well as release of natural enemies before and after harvest. The ISP treatment schedule was as follows: dipping transplants in azoxystrobin before transplanting (mid-September); spraying with abamectin and thiacloprid when black mulch was applied (early October); spraying with pyraclostrobin + acetamiprid and tetraconazole + abamectin before blooming in early and mid-November, respectively; transplanting banker plants colonized by Aphidius colemani in mid-February (2005-2006 season) or November (2006-2007 season); and releasing Phytoseiulus persimilis in mid-March. Number of pesticide sprays per season for ISP and Con-SP was five and nine, respectively. Anthracnose crown rot, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, did not occur in ISP in either season, but incidence was ≤ 3.3% in Con-SP during the 2005-2006 season. Powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca aphanis var. aphanis) did not occur during harvest in ISP, but occurred during early and late harvest stages in Con-SP in both years. Incidence of Botrytis fruit rot did not differ between ISP and Con-SP. Two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) did not appear until March in ISP; subsequently, spider mite density remained at ≤-0.5 mite per leaf until the last harvest period in both years. The number of spider mites in ISP and Con-SP during the harvest did not differ. Populations of cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii) were also higher in ISP than Con-SP but decreased from March to April, accompanied by production of aphid mummies by A. colemani. The results showed that ISP was more effective than Con-SP, and required fewer pesticide sprays.

전산화단층촬영술을 이용한 대장 및 직장암의 병기 결정

남명현 대한영상의학회 1988 대한영상의학회지 Vol.24 No.5

As a screening technique or for preoperative staging of the colorectal cancer the usefullness or role of CT still remains controversial. The study included retrospective analysis of 40 cases of proven colorectal cancer during last 2 years. the results were as follows.: 1. The age of patients ranged from 22 to 74 years 5th and 6th decades were over the half(52.5%) of the cases. 2. Rectum and sigmoid colon were the most frequently involved regions(23 cases 57.2%). Other areas were 9 cases of transverse colon and each 4 cases of ascending and descending colon. 3. In every cases the primary tumor was identified on CT as wall thickening. Diffuse wall thickening type was noted in 32 of 40(80%) cases. Remainings were each 4 cases of focal wall thickening type and discrete mass type. 4. Directly invaded organs were uterus (2 cases) and jejunum (1 case). 10 patients had distant metastasis and the liver were most frequent organ of involvement (9 of 10 cases). 5. Among 40 cases 34 cases were pathologically staged following surgery. CT results were compared and cor-related with modified Duke's classification. CT correctly staged 19(55.9%) and understaged 14 (41.2%) of 34 cases. 6. For the evaluation of local extension CT accuracy was 73.5% sensitivity and 50% specificity. 7. For the diagnosis of lympy node metastasis CT accuracy was 82.4% with 70% sensitivity and 100% specificity.

Effect of nitrogen types and the electrical conductivity of a nutrient solution on gray mold caused Botrytis cinerea on strawberry plants

남명현,이희철,김태일 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2019 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.46 No.1

Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea on strawberry plants is an economically significant disease in Korea. The rates for diseased fruits are high during the strawberry harvesting period from December to February, especially in hydroponic cultivation. This study assessed the effect of the nitrogen type in the soil culture and the electrical conductivity (EC) of the nutrient solution in a hydroponic culture on the gray mold incidence in ‘Seolhyang’ strawberry plants. The nitrogen sources assayed included calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (CN4), calcium nitrate decahydrate (CN10), ammonium sulfate (AS), and commercial fertilizer 213 (213). The effect of the EC was tested at 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.5 dS · m-1. The occurrence of gray mold varied according to the nitrogen type. The disease incidence and nitrogen content for the main nitrogen type were higher compared to the non-treated control. The AS treatment showed the highest occurrence of tipburn and gray mold. The incidence of gray mold as well as the nitrogen and phosphorus content of the leaves increased as the EC level was increased. These results indicate that the incidence of gray mold in strawberry plants is related to the nitrogen content of the leaf and the EC of the nutrient solution.

아내를 향한 작지만 큰 사랑법

남명현 샘터사 2022 월간 샘터 Vol.623 No.-

First report of anthracnose crown rot caused by Colletotrichum siamense on strawberry in Korea

남명현,Myung Soo Park,Je hyeok Yoo,Byung Joo Lee,이종남 한국균학회 2022 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.50 No.3

Anthracnose crown rot (ACR) has been observed in greenhouses during the nursery and harvest seasons in Gangwon Province, Korea. Infected plants showed black leaf spot, dark sunken pink conidial masses on petioles, wilting, and eventually death. Five isolates were obtained from the lesions of strawberry plants and were identified as a Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex based on their cultural and morphological characteristics. Multilocus sequence analysis of actin, calmodulin, chitin synthase, glyceraldehyde-3- phophate dehydrogenase genes, and internal transcribed spacer rDNA regions showed that the isolates formed a monophyletic group with the type strain of C. siamense. Pathogenicity tests were performed on the isolate, and Koch’s postulates were performed to verify the relationship between Colletotrichum sp. and the strawberry plant variety Seolhyang. The isolate was pathogenic to strawberry plants, which exhibited typical ACR symptoms. Based on morphological characteristics, pathogenicity, and DNA sequence analyses, the fungus isolated in Korea was identified as C. siamense. This is first time C. siamense has been confirmed in ever-bearing strawberry varieties in Korea.

딸기 설향품종의 흰가루병 건전 및 감염식물 비교 분석

남명현,전이내,이희철,이희덕,강희경 한국식물병리학회 2012 식물병연구 Vol.18 No.2

We examined the incidence of powdery mildew in strawberry cv. Seolhyang plants, and performed a comparative analysis on the temperature, photosynthesis rate, and nutrient content of healthy and powdery mildew-infected plants. Powdery mildew first infected the fruit of the strawberries in mid-January, and the disease severity increased in both fruits and leaves during the late harvest season. The rate of photosynthesis and leaf temperatures of healthy plants were higher than those of powdery mildew-infected leaves and significantly decreased with an increase in the disease severity. The healthy and powdery mildew-infected plants in the soil analysis were not significantly different in chemical compositions. The leaves of the healthy plants contained lower potassium and higher manganese and chlorophyll concentrations than the powdery mildew-infected plants. In particular, manganese was significantly higher in healthy leaves than in infected leaves. Therefore, the concentrations of potassium, manganese and chlorophyll in strawberry leaves may be an important factor for disease suppression.

딸기 수경재배에서 베드 피복유무에 따른 시들음병과 점박이응애 발생양상

남명현,김현숙,김태일,오상근 한국식물병리학회 2018 식물병연구 Vol.24 No.4

Hydroponic strawberry culture system is increasing annually. Most of strawberry farmers use mulched bed in hydroponic culture and strawberry plants were transplanted in early September. After transplanting, Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae and twospotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae, can increase their occurrence under high temperature condition. Therefore, we conducted for comparison occurrence of Fusarium wilt and TSSM on mulched with green polyethylene film and non-mulched bed. Occurrence of Fusarium wilt on mulched bed was started from early October and more increase than non-mulched bed. Damage rate of TSSM on mulched bed was shown higher than non-mulched bed. Temperature of substrate in mulched bed increased than non-mulched bed, but relative humidity near plants was decreased. As a result, use of non-mulched bed should be effective for reducing of Fusarium wilt and TSSM on strawberry plants.

딸기 탄저병 방제를 위한 정식 전 살균제 침지처리 효과

남명현,이인하,김홍기 한국식물병리학회 2014 식물병연구 Vol.20 No.1

Anthracnose crown rot (ACR), caused by Colletotrichum fructicola, is a serious disease of strawberry in Korea. The primary inoculums of ACR were symptomless strawberry plants, plant debris, and other host plants. To effectively control anthracnose in symptomless transplanted strawberries, it is necessary to use diseasefreeplants, detect the disease early, and apply a fungicide. Therefore, in 2010 and 2011, we evaluated theefficacy of pre-plant fungicide dips by using strawberry transplants infected by C. fructicola for the control ofanthracnose. Dipping plants in prochloraz-Mn for 10 min before planting was most effective for controllinganthracnose in symptomless strawberry plants and resulted in more than 76% control efficacy. Azoxystrobinshowed a control efficacy of over 40%, but plants treated with pyraclostrobin, mancozeb and iminoctadinetris showed high disease severity. The control efficacy of the dip treatment with prochloraz-Mn did not differwith temperature and time. Treatment with prochloraz-Mn for more than an hour caused growth suppressionin strawberry plants. Therefore, the development of anthracnose can be effectively reduced by dipping strawberryplants for 10 min in prochloraz-Mn before planting.