추간판 탈출증의 수핵 탈출부위와 요근의 좌우 단면적 넓이와의 상관관계

김형길 ( Hyung Kil Kim ),이동은 ( Dong Eun Lee ),조웅희 ( Woong Hee Cho ),김두희 ( Doo Hee Kim ),박원형 ( Won Hyung Park ),차윤엽 ( Yun Yeop Cha ),최가영 ( Ga Young Choi ) 한방재활의학과학회 2011 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the correlation between the axial section area in psoas major muscles and nucleus discharge part of HIVD(herniated intervertebral disc) of lumbar(L)-spine. Methods: We measured the axial section area in psoas muscles. Then through the medical charts, we investigated nucleus discharge part of HIVD of L-spine. We analyzed the relationship between them. Results: There was no significant correlation nucleus discharge part and psoas major muscle`s axial section area. There was significant correlation aging and psoas major muscle`s axial section area with control the sex. Conclusions: According to above results, there was no significant the area of axial section in psoas major muscles and nucleus discharge part of HIVD of L-spine.

요추 전만과 척추 만곡 변형의 상관 관계

김형길 ( Hyung Kil Kim ),차윤엽 ( Yun Yeop Cha ),박원형 ( Won Hyung Park ) 한방재활의학과학회 2012 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.22 No.3

Objectives :This study was designed to investigate the correlation between the lumar lordosis and the spinal alignment deformaion. Methods :We examine the whole spine X-ray of the students. We measured cervical angle(CA), Cobb`s angle, Ferguson`s angle(FA), thoracic kyphotic angle(TKA), lumbar lordosis angle(LLA) of 79 students. We analyzed the relationship between them by Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient. Results :There was significant correlation between LLA and TKA. There was no significant correlation among LLA and CA, Cobb`s angle. There was significant correlation between CA and TKA. There were no significant correlation among Cobb`s angle and CA, TKA, LLA. Conclusions :According to above results, the more LLA increase, compensately the more TKA increase. But, this doesn`t mean that CA or Cobb`s angles also increase.

종교개혁자들의 선교활동에 관한 연구

김형길(Kim, Hyung-Kil) 한국선교신학회 2011 선교신학 Vol.26 No.-

This thesis aims to Know the views of the religious reformers including Jan Hus, Martin Luther and Jean Calvin on missionary work, and to know if they actually partake in missionary activities themselves. How did their views on mission influence the way in which future generations conduct missionary work? To approach this theme, we must first establish a clear definition of what missionary work is. And lastly, according to Karl Hartenstein, missionary work is to participate in God’s mission, that is Missio Dei. The author of this paper is interested in the latter definition since this concept seems to have originated from the religious reformers. Jan Hus placed the authority of the Bible over the authority of the church. According to him, the missionary work is to reform the church, when it goes away from the truth of the Bible. According to Martin Luther, the missionary work is the salvation of the world by the promulgation of the Gospel: “only by the belief in Jesus Christ.” According to Jean Calvin, man’s salvation depends upon only God’s sovereignty. Therefore, only God can practice the missionary work by his sovereignty. Like Jan Hus, Luther made efforts to reform the church, when it went away from the truth of the Bible. Jean Calvin taught many theologians in Geneva and sent them to France and other European countries. The religious reformers exerted an important effect upon today’s church. They taught us what is the genuine meaning of missionary work and what must be the direction of today’s missionary work.

미완성 작품의 텍스트에 관한 연구

김형길 ( Hyung Kil Kim ) 한국불어불문학회 1997 불어불문학연구 Vol.35 No.1

Dans cet article se posent les questions suivantes: quelles sont les causes de l`inache`vement des oeuvres litte´raires? Quelles en sont les valeurs litte´raires? Et quelles en sont les me´thodes pour e´tablir les textes? Essayer d`y re´pondre, c`est le but de notre pre´sente e´tude. Parmi les oeuvres inacheve´es de la litte´rature franc¿aise, nous avons choisi les huit suivantes: 『L`Heptame´ron』de Marguerite de Navarre, 『L`Astre´e』d`Urfe´, 『Les Re^veries du promeneur solitaire』de Rousseau, 『Les Iambes』d`Andre´ Che´nier, 『Bouvard et Pe´cuchet』de Flaubert, 『Les Pense´es』de Pascal, 『A la recherche du temps perdu』de Proust et『Citadelle』de Saint Exupe´ry. Les causes de leur inache`vement sont les suivantes: la mort ou la maladie de l`auteur, un e´ve`nement politique ou un accident qui arrive a` l`auteur, ou bien le changement d`esprit dans la re´daction, ou bien le retard volontaire, ou bien l`inutilite´ de l`ache`vement formel de l`oeuvre. Il nous semble que la valeur litte´raire d`une oeuvre ne de´pend pas beaucoup de son ache`vement. C`est l`e´diteur qui e´tablit le texte de´finitif. Il doit choisir soit de corriger et de comple´ter les imperfections de l`oeuvre faites par l`auteur, soit de pre´senter le texte dans le me^me e´tat que celui des manuscrits. L`oeuvre acheve´e ne pre´sente que le monde cre´e´ par l`auteur dans son oeuvre. Au contraire l`oeuvre inacheve´e ne le pre´sente pas seulement mais aussi la vie de l`autetur qui s`interpose dans son oeuvre

프랑스와 한국의 국어운동의 비교

김형길(Hyung Kil Kim) 한국불어불문학회 2001 불어불문학연구 Vol.46 No.-

Le but de notre e´tude est de savoir quel est l`objectif ultime du mouvement de la langue core´enne, et quels sont les moyens pour y arriver. Pour ce faire, nous allons comparer le mouvement de deux Langues Nationales : celui de la France et celui de la Core´e. C`est a` partir de l`an 1443 que le mouvement pour la nationalisation de la langue core´enne a commence´ c`est-a`-dire au lendemain de la cre´ation de l`e´criture core´enne par le roi Sejong, alors que le mouvement pour la nationalisation de la langue franc¿aise a commence´ en l549, c`est-a`-dire au jour du manifeste de la De´fense et Illustration de la langue franc¿aise, publie´ par un groupe de poe`tes connu sous le nom de la Ple´iade. C`est ainsi que l`e´mancipation de la langue franc¿aise du re`gne colonisateur du latin a commence´ au XVIe sie`cle; il e´tait alors ine´vitable que le franc¿ais ait a` lutter contre le latin qui s`employait en langue orale aussi bien qu`en langue e´crite. La langue core´enne, quant a` elle, s`employait seulement en langue orale, son e´criture n`ayant pas encore e´te´ cre´e´e. Elle avait une relation ne´scessaire avec la langue chinoise, dont elle empruntait l`e´criture. C`est peu apre`s sa cre´ation que le Hangul, e´criture core´enne, a commence´ a` lutter contre l`e´criture chinoise. Les personnages centraux du mouvement de la Langue Nationale en Core´e sont le roi Sejong et ses partisans, un groupe de savants, alors qu`en France, c`est un groupe de poe`tes, constitue´s sous le nom de la Ple´iade, qui a joue´ ce ro^le. Les opposants principaux a` ce mouvement en Core´e sont les savants sinophiles, admirateurs de la culture chinoise, c`est-a`-dire une force conservatrice a` cette e´poque, alors qu`en France ce sont les humanistes, les poe`tes, les artistes latinophiles, admirateurs de la culture latine. La me´thode pour cultiver la langue franc¿aise, employe´e par la Ple´iade, e´tait la cre´ation par l`imitation, c`est-a`-dire la cre´ation d`oeuvres immortelles en franc¿ais, imitant les chefs-d`oeuvre en latin. La Ple´iade a donc invite´ les e´crivains et les savants a` composer leurs oeuvres en franc¿ais. Pour ce qui est de la Core´e, l`e´volution de la Langue Nationale, dirige´e par les rois et les autorite´s, e´tait souvent a` la merci des changements de politique linguistique; les utilisateurs de la Langue Nationale devaient recommencer leurs travaux au point de de´part malgre´ leurs bons re´sultats. La langue franc¿aise a consolide´ sa position en tant que Langue Nationale a` partir du XVIIe sie`cle, et a continue´ a` e´largir son champ d`emploi par un travail d`e´puration linguistique jusqu`a` aujourd`hui. Son objectif est l`usage exclusif de la langue franc¿aise en France, c`est-a`-dire que tout son peuple puisse jouir de sa vie culturelle suffisamment et e´le´gamment avec cette Langue Nationale, comme langue unique. Il nous semble que la langue franc¿aise a re´ussi a` accomplir cet objectif. L`objectif de l`e´volution de la langue core´enne, lui aussi, revient peut-e^tre au me^me. Pourtant, le Hangul, e´criture core´enne est encore loin de l`accomplir a` cause de l`obstacle de l`e´criture chinoise jusqu`a` aujourd`hui. II nous semble, quand me^me, qu`il a une potentialite´ suffisante et la perspective d`avenir pour sa re´ussite est tre`s positive, pourvu que le peuple core´en le comprenne, parce que les savants a` l`inte´rieur et a` l`exte´rieur du pays reconnaissent a` l`unanimite´ la structure scientifique de l`e´criture core´enne, son caracte`re pratique et son excellence.

장세니즘과 프로테스탄티즘의 비교연구

김형길 ( Kim Hyung-kil ) 한국프랑스고전문학회 2008 프랑스고전문학연구 Vol.11 No.-

Cette etude a pour but de comparer le jansenisme et le calvinisme, qui representent deux tendances theologiques differentes au sein du christianisme. Pour ce faire nous avons, en premier lieu, etudie l’origine du jansenisme ainsi que les caracteristiques du protestantisme en France. Nous avons, en deuxieme lieu, etudie les deux ouvrages theologiques de reference de chacune des traditions : L’Augustinus de Jansen et L’institution de la Religion chretienne de Jean Calvin, afin d’analyser les structures theologiques de ces deux oeuvres.Cette demarche permet de decouvrir les ressemblances ainsi que les differences entre ces deux tendances theologiques. Premierement, le calvinisme comme le jansenisme se montre radical en concentrant la revelation dans les ecritures sacrees et en refusant de la chercher ailleurs. Cependant, pour le premier, les Ecritures qui font autorite se limitent a l’Ancien et au Nouveau Testament, tandis que, pour le deuxieme, ces Ecritures incluent egalement les peres de l’Eglise et la tradition. Le deuxieme point de comparaison conceme les conditions auxquelles Dieu accorde sa grace a l’homme en vue du salut de celui-ci. Le jansenisme autant que le calvinisme dome une reponse radicale : nous sommes sauves sola gratia, a l’exclusion de toute cooperation humaine. Cela dit, pour le calvinisme, la doctrine de la predestination cree une tranquillite et une certitude interieures totales. Pour le jansenisme, au contraire, la liberte souveraine de Dieu implique qu’il pent retirer la grace qu’il a accordee. Aussi ne peut-on jamais avoir la certitude de son salut et il faut sans cesse prier pour que Dieu l’accorde. En troisieme lieu, pour le jansenisme, le sacrement effectue, opere la presence du Christ : l’hostie est le corps du Christ. A l’mverse, pour le calvinisme, le pain et le vin signalent cette presence sans la produire : ils la font percevoir au communiant et aux autres fideles au travers d’un signe visible.La maniere de vivre, enfin, est chez les calvinistes comme chez les jansenistes, marquee par le refus de la complaisance, de l’accommodation et de tout compromis avec la morale du monde. Cela produit une ethique austere, rigoriste et puritaine. Mais elle n’est pas mise en oeuvre de la meme maniere. Les jansenistes valorisent la rupture, le retrait, l’isolement. Les calvinistes, de leur cote, preconisent un ascetisme seculier. Ils amassent des richesses sans en jouir.

파스칼의 은총론에 관한 연구

김형길(Hyung Kil Kim) 한국기독교학회 2012 한국기독교신학논총 Vol.83 No.-

This thesis aims to inform contemporary theologians about the vehement theological debate, which broke out between the European scholars in the seventeenth century and the French genius, Blaise Pascal, over the article he wrote, “On the Grace of God.” In his article, Pascal commented on each role of the Grace of God and the free will of man regarding the Salvation of man. He evaluated the opinion of Saint Augustinus as the most appropriate; From here, Pascal analyzed, one by one, the theological opinions of Pelagius, Molina, a Spanish theologian, and Jean Calvin, a theologian of Geneva. He placed Augustinus`s opinion in the center of his analysis, the opinions of Pelagius and Molina on the left side, and Calvin`s opinion on the right. According to Pascal, the opinions of Pelagius and Molina favored the free will of man, while the opinion of Calvin, held closely to the absolute will of God. The former offered a relative importance to the role of man, and the latter to the role of God. Pascal admitted “predestination.” According to him, the concept of selection related to the descendants after the original sin of Adam. European theologians of the seventeenth century divided the will of God into two types: absolute will and conditional will. By the former, God inevitably delivers the saints to salvation, and by the latter, He delivers them to salvation, only if they want to do good, and by accepting the grace of God, but He does not deliver them to salvation if they don not want it. The theologians also divided the grace of God into two types: sufficient grace and effective grace. God equally shares sufficient grace to all human beings. To accept it or not is dependent upon the free will of the person. However, God prepares effective grace to only the people of salvation. If the person receives this grace, their will moves toward the good and they attain salvation. In his article “On the geometric spirit,” Pascal developed his mathmatical concepts into theological applications. Man is a dual being who exists between two infinities. Therefore, he contains a contradiction in his existence. There is a connection of imbalance between man and God. Pascal locates the conditionnal will of God and the sufficient grace of God before the corruption of Adam, and locates the absolute will of God and the effective grace of God after the corruption of Adam. According to him, salvation originates from the will of God, while judgment originates from the will of man.

한국인의 관점에서 본 프랑스의 국어운동

김형길 ( Hyung Kil Kim ) 한국어교육학회 2005 국어교육 Vol.0 No.117

한방의료관광프로그램을 일본인에게 적용시킨 후 Dinamika 검사를 통한 효과연구 치험3례

김두희 ( Doo Hee Kim ),이동은 ( Dong Eun Lee ),김형길 ( Hyung Kil Kim ),박원형 ( Won Hyung Park ),차윤엽 ( Yun Yeop Cha ),小林ミチイ ( Michii Kobayashi ),홍선기 ( Sun Gi Hong ),유준상 ( Jun Sang Yoo ),이선구 ( Seon Goo Lee ),이우천 한방재활의학과학회 2012 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.22 No.2

This study was performed to report the effect of oriental medical programs on the 3 Japanese patients. These 3 patients were treated by acupuncture, oriental medicine, cupping, massage therapy, spa, oriental soap and infrared therapy. The state of patients was measured by Dinamika. After treatments, many indexes on Dinamika increased. These results suggest that the oriental medical programs including such treatments mentioned on the 2nd line are effective to improve the health. However more studies which will be taken in different respect should be followed.

요천추부의 정렬과 설문을 통한 요통 자각도의 상호 연관성에 관한 연구

이동은 ( Dong Eun Lee ),김형길 ( Hyung Kil Kim ),조웅희 ( Woong Hee Cho ),박원형 ( Won Hyung Park ),차윤엽 ( Yun Yeop Cha ) 한방재활의학과학회 2011 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the correlation coefficients among Oswestry low-back pain disability index(ODI), Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (RMD), visual analogue scale(VAS), lumbar lordosis angle(LLA), Cobb`s angle and Ferguson`s angle(FA). Methods: We measured LLA, Cobb`s angle, and FA of 42 students. Then we researched ODI, RMD and VAS of all students, and analyzed correlations coefficient among all of them. Results: 1. There was significant correlation among VAS, RMD, ODI. 2. There was significant correlation between ODI and Cobb`s angle. 3. There was no significant correlation between LLA, FA, Cobb`s angle and VAS. 4. There was no significant correlation among LLA, FA, Cobb`s angle and RMD. Conclusions: According to above results, there was no significant correlation between lumbosacral balance and low back pain except between ODI and Cobb`s angle. On the other hand, there was significant correlation among RMD, ODI and VAS.