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김진우 한국어문교육연구회 2022 어문연구(語文硏究) Vol.50 No.3
This study examines the semantic change of the body term based on {yeop}. The term { yeop} was originally a body term, meaning ‘the side part of the body’ in Middle Korean. Until the 16th century, no case was found to mean ’(by the) side’. However, from the 17th century, {yeop} began to indicate the side of objects, and its meaning gradually changed. After the 18th century, it even referred to adjacent areas. Thus, a diachronic semantic change is observed in the word {yeop}, as well as a categorical metaphor. Body terms extending their meaning to spatial terms is a common phenomenon in other languages. In this study, for example, a similar case was found in English. Of further interest is the word {yeopguri}. First appearing in the 16th century as ‘nyeopgure,’, it is a compound of ‘nyeop’ and ‘gure,’, referring to the torso part in ‘nyeop’. Accordingly, the ‘yeopgure’ which appeared in the Middle Korean language is understood as ‘the torso and the empty part on the side of the body.’ 김진우, 2022, ‘옆’과 ‘옆구리’의 어휘사에 대한 연구, 어문연구, 195 : 77~103 본고는 {옆}을 중심으로 신체어의 의미 변화 과정을 살펴보았다. {옆}은 본래 중세 국어에서 “몸의 옆 부분”을 의미하는 신체어였다. 15~16세기에 현대 국어와 같이 “옆”을 의미하는 경우는 전혀 찾아 볼 수 없다. 그러나 17세기부터 {옆}은 사물의 옆 부분을 가리키기 시작하면서 점차 의미를 변화시켰다. 18세기 이후에는 사물의 옆 부분에서 나아가 인접 영역을 가리킬 수도 있었다. 이처럼 국어에서 {옆}은 통시적인 의미 변화가 관찰되며, 범주적 은유의 위계가 발견된다. 이와 같이 신체어가 공간어로 의미를 확장해 나가는 것은 다른 언어에서도 보편적인 현상이다. 이 연구에서는 영어의 경우에서도 비슷한 사례가 발견되었다. ‘녑구레’로 16세기에 처음 등장한 {옆구리}는 시기를 고려하면 ‘녑’과 ‘구레’의 합성어로, 본래 “몸의 옆 부분”을 의미했던 ‘녑’에 있는 몸통 부분을 가리키는 어휘이다. 이에 따라 중세 국어에 등장한 ‘녑구레’는 “몸의 옆 부분에 있는 몸통 및 비어 있는 부분”으로 파악된다.
Evaluation of a Corrected Cam for an Interchangeable Lens with a Distance Window
김진우,유재명,조재흥,김영주 한국광학회 2014 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.18 No.1
Recently, the number of camera companies that produce commercializing interchangeable lens systems such as digital single lens reflex (DSLR) and compact system camera (CSC) lenses has been gradually increasing. These interchangeable lenses have various kinds of lenses with distinct specifications. In particular, the distance window among these specifications is the function most preferred by customers. Mechanical manual zoom and manual focus in these high end camera lenses with a distance window are in particular desirable specifications and are required for product quality. However, the AF lens group is linked to the zoom cam and moves. Because the AF lens group moves along with the object distance, we can not realize the distance window with only zoom locus calculation. In this paper, in order to solve the problem, we suggest an optical calculation method for a corrected AF zoom cam for an interchangeable lens with a distance window to achieve product differentiation and analyze the error in the calculation.
김진우,유재명,김영주 한국광학회 2014 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.18 No.6
There are many kinds of optical systems to widen a field of view. Fisheye lenses with view angles of 180 degrees and omni-directional systems with the view angles of 360 degrees are recognized as proper systems to widen a field of view. In this study, we proposed a new optical system to overcome drawbacks of conventional omni-directional systems such as a limited field of view in the central area and difficulties in manufacturing. Thus we can eliminate the undesirable reflection components of the omni-directional system and solve the primary drawback of the conventional system. Finally, tolerance analysis using Zernike polynomial coefficients was performed to confirm the productivity of the new optical system. Furthermore, we established a method of optical axis alignment and compensation schemes for the proposed optical system as a result of tolerance analysis. In a sensitivity calculation, we investigated performance degradation due to manufacturing error using Code V® macro function. Consequently, we suggested compensation schemes using a lens group decentering. This paper gives a good guidance for the optical design and tolerance analysis including the compensation method in the extremely wide angle system.
우루시올-에탄올 수분산 미립자의 자궁경부암세포에 대한 독성효과
김진우,유규은,장홍석,인웅식,최종오,전흥재 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.1
The urushiol-ethanol corpuscle of 320 nM in average particle size was prepared and concentrated by ultra homogenization and centrifugation. The cytotoxic profiles of this particle for use as anti-tumor agent have been evaluated in vitro in cultures of human fibroblasts (MRC-9) and celivical cacinoma cells (CUMC-3). The cytotoxicity assays revealed that the inhibitory effect of 10^(-5)M usushiol-ethanol particle on the growth of MRC-9 was hardly detected, while CUMC-3 dells exhibited over 50% of growth inhibition under the same conditions. In addition, a clear multiple-unit ladder pattern of apoptotic DNA was observed for the urushiol treated CUMC-3 cells. Thus, the results indicated that urushiol inhibited growth of celvical carcinoma cells by inducing apoptosis, which is a mechanism observed with other typical antitumor agents.
김진우 국제거래법학회 2012 國際去來法硏究 Vol.21 No.2
Die Auslegung ist die Methode, den hinter einer Erklärung stehenden Willen zu ermitteln. Art. 8 CISG befasst sich mit der Auslegung von Willenserklärungen. Als Regel gilt, dass Erklärungen und Verhaltensweisen einer Partei nach deren Willen auszulegen sind, sofern die andere Partei diesen Willen kannte oder hätte kennen sollen (Abs. 1). Fehlt es am Kennen oder Kennenmüssen, so gilt die Auslegung, die ein vernünftiger Mensch in gleicher Stellung und unter den gleichen Umständen vorgenommen hätte (Abs. 2); dabei sind alle erheblichen Umstände zu berücksichtigen,so vor allem Parteiverhandlungen, Gepflogenheiten zwischen den Parteien und ihr späteres Verhalten, aber auch Gebräuche. Art. 8 CISG bietet einen ausgebogenen Ansatz, der allerdings nicht frei von Problemen ist. Deshalb möchte ich einige der noch nicht abschließend geklärten Probleme hier darstellen. In Abs. 3 wäre eine Klarstellung zu dem Merkmal des späteren Parteiverhaltens wünschenswert gewesen, denn nahme man sie beim Wortlaut, wäre die Vorschrift unlogisch. Die Vorschrift ist deshalb so zu reduzieren, dass sich eine Partei zur Untermauerung ihres behaupteten Verstandnisses nicht auf ihr eigenes Verhalten nach Vertragsschluss berufen kann. Es ist nach der hier vertretenen Ansicht darüber hinaus nicht angebracht, die deutsche Lehre zum Zugang von Willenserklärungen ohne weiteres auf die CISG zu übertragen, d.h. Sprachprobleme als Zugangsprobleme zu behandeln. Da Art. 8 auch bei nichtsprachlichen Zweifeln darüber entscheidet, ob rechtsgeschäftliches Handeln vorliegt oder nicht, spricht alles dafür,Art. 8 auch für die Entscheidung von Sprachfragen heranzuziehen.