『關聖帝君聖蹟圖祉』揷畵

김상엽 동양고전학회 2005 東洋古典硏究 Vol.22 No.-

아우구스투스의 죽음과 티베리우스의 즉위에 끼친 리비아의 영향력 - 리비아의 아우구스투스 독살설을 중심으로

김상엽 한국서양고대역사문화학회 2011 서양고대사연구 Vol.28 No.-

<Abstract> Livia’s influence on the death of Augustus and the throne of Tiberius Kim, Sangyeop The poison of Augustus related to the voyage to Planasia, the summon and reconcilation of Agrippa, Fabius’ death, Livia’s conspiracy and the death and concealment of Augustus. If one of these events proved true, all anecdotes were invalidated. Although these rumors have no grounds, it was perpetuated by historians in ancient Rome. However, the implication in rumors relied upon the political inclination of historians. After all, the descriptions of Tacitus and Cassius Dio who negatively described have been rather understood the conscious of historians than believed as the historical fact. Livia is the role model for wives and mothers in ancient Roman society. And she wanted to the best for her families. A series of deaths of Augustus’ successors are favorable to Livia who was eager for the emperor throne of Tiberius. However, it can’t to prove that Livia is the main culprit and that Livia isn’t the main culprit. Livia is the role model for the supreme mother in ancient Roman society. Considering this fact, the argument of Augustus’ poison and Livia’s conspiracy was able to be brushed aside. Also, Livia conducted the project including the supplement of dowry for poor women, the charity and the public building project for Roman empire and Roman people. This image of Livia contrasted sharply with the argument of Livia’s conspiracy. Therefore, the whole estimate of Livia has no choice but to form the political enemy because of the remarkable position in ancient Roman society, and the historical description of Livia was distorted by Roman historians.

지연발생 근육통의 냉치료 효과에 대한 연구

김상엽,Kim, Sang-Yeob 대한물리치료과학회 2001 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.8 No.2

Delayed onset muscle soreness is a sensation of discomfort that occurs 24 h after exercise, and it is associated with the performance of unfamiliar and high force muscle work, such as eccentric contractions. The injury to the muscle has been well described but the mechanism underlying the injury is not fully understood. Although the pathophysiological processes underlying delayed onset muscle soreness are not completely understood, many researchers have investigated various treatments in a attempt to reduce the soreness. Physical therapy is the most importance techniques to reduce delayed onset muscle soreness. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of a cryotherapt on DOMS. Thirty subjects were randomly assigned to experimental group : control, cryotherapy, and placebo group. Elbow flexion range, mechanical pain threshold. and subjective pain were measured 30 min before DOMS was induced and 24, 48, 72 hours after DOMS was induced. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Elbow flexion range showed significant difference each time, especially at 48 and 72 hours 2. Mechanical pain thershold and subjectively pain showed no significant difference between group.

게이트를 상정한 니켈 코발트 복합실리사이드 박막의 물성연구

김상엽,정영순,송오성,Kim, Sang-Yeob,Jung, Young-Soon,Song, Oh-Sung 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2005 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.12 No.2

We fabricated Ni/Co(or Co/Ni) composite silicide layers on the non-patterned wafers from Ni(20 nm)/Co(20 nm)/poly-Si(70 nm) structure by rapid thermal annealing of $700{\~}1100^{\circ}C$ for 40 seconds. The sheet resistance, cross-sectional microstructure, and surface roughness were investigated by a four point probe, a field emission scanning electron microscope, and a scanning probe microscope, respectively. The sheet resistance increased abruptly while thickness decreased as silicidation temperature increased. We propose that the poly silicon inversion due to fast metal diffusion lead to decrease silicide thickness. Our results imply that we should consider the serious inversion and fast transformation in designing and process f3r the nano-height fully cobalt nickel composite silicide gates.

폴리실리콘 기판 위에 형성된 코발트 니켈 복합실리사이드 박막의 열처리 온도에 따른 물성과 미세구조변화

김상엽,송오성,Kim, Sang-Yeob,Song, Oh-Sung 한국재료학회 2006 한국재료학회지 Vol.16 No.9

Silicides have been required to be below 40 nm-thick and to have low contact resistance without agglomeration at high silicidation temperature. We fabricated composite silicide layers on the wafers from Ni(20 nm)/Co(20 nm)/poly-Si(70 nm) structure by rapid thermal annealing of $700{\sim}1100^{\circ}C$ for 40 seconds. The sheet resistance, surface composition, cross-sectional microstructure, and surface roughness were investigated by a four point probe, a X-ray diffractometer, an Auger electron spectroscopy, a field emission scanning electron microscope, and a scanning probe microscope, respectively. The sheet resistance increased abruptly while thickness decreased as silicidation temperature increased. We propose that the fast metal diffusion along the silicon grain boundary lead to the poly silicon mixing and inversion. Our results imply that we may consider the serious thermal instability in designing and process for the sub-0.1 um CMOS devices.

니켈 코발트 합금조성에 따른 복합실리사이드의 물성 연구

김상엽,송오성,Kim, Sang-Yeob,Song, Oh-Sung 한국재료학회 2007 한국재료학회지 Vol.17 No.2

For the sub-65 nm CMOS process, it is necessary to develop a new silicide material and an accompanying process that allows the silicide to maintain a low sheet resistance and to have an enhanced thermal stability, thus providing for a wider process window. In this study, we have evaluated the property and unit process compatibility of newly proposed composite silicides. We fabricated composite silicide layers on single crystal silicon from $10nm-Ni_{1-x}Co_x/single-crystalline-Si(100),\;10nm-Ni_{1-x}Co_x/poly-crystalline-\;Si(100)$ wafers (x=0.2, 0.5, and 0.8) with the purpose of mimicking the silicides on source and drain actives and gates. Both the film structures were prepared by thermal evaporation and silicidized by rapid thermal annealing (RTA) from $700^{\circ}C\;to\;1100^{\circ}C$ for 40 seconds. The sheet resistance, cross-sectional microstructure, surface composition, were investigated using a four-point probe, a field emission scanning probe microscope, a field ion beam, an X-ray diffractometer, and an Auger electron depth profi1ing spectroscopy, respectively. Finally, our newly proposed composite silicides had a stable resistance up to $1100^{\circ}C$ and maintained it below $20{\Omega}/Sg$., while the conventional NiSi was limited to $700^{\circ}C$. All our results imply that the composite silicide made from NiCo alloy films may be a possible candidate for 65 nm-CMOS devices.

한국 근대의 고미술품 수장가 : 치과의사 함석태

김상엽 서울역사편찬원 2010 서울과 역사 Vol.- No.76

일제강점기의 한국인 고미술품 수장가는 1930년대 이후 점차 윤곽이 드러나게 되었다. 1930~40년 당시 대표적인 한국인 수장가 가운데 한 사람인 함석태(1889~?)는 한국인 최초의 치과의사이자 한국인 최초의 치과 개업의로 당시 주요한 고미술품 수집가인 장택상, 윤치영, 한상억, 이한복, 박병래 및 문학가 이태준 등과 교유하였다. 함석태는 한국 최초의 치과의사라는 기록 외에 고미술품 수장가로 ‘小物珍品大王’이라는 평을 들을 정도로 진기한 도자기 및 공예품을 많이 소장하였다. 1944년 일제의 소개령에 따라 자신의 수장품을 모두 차에 싣고 고향인 평안북도로 가서 광복을 맞이하였다가 월남에 실패한 함석태의 이후의 소식은 알 수 없다. 아마도 황해도 해주에서 배를 이용하여 가족들과 고미술품을 함께 가져오려다 실패한 듯하다. 함석태의 수장품 가운데 현재 확인할 수 있는 작품은 도자기 15점, 회화 4점뿐이다. 근현대 격동의 시기를 거치면서 우리나라의 중요한 수장가들의 수장품들이 그 소재조차 알 수 없게 된 경우가 많은데 함석태의 수장품 역시 비극적인 운명을 맞게 된 것이다. 현재 전해오는 그의 수장품 가운데에는 북한의 국보로 지정될 정도로 뛰어난 작품들이 있다. 이들 작품을 통해 함석태의 뛰어난 감식안, 심미안을 느낄 수 있으며, 특히 소품, 진기한 모양의 고미술품에 매료되었던 그의 섬세한 기질 등을 확인할 수 있게 해준다. 함석태야말로 경제적 타산을 도외시하고 ‘精魂을 기울여’ 고미술품을 수집한 모범적인 수장가의 한 사람으로 꼽을 수 있다. 그와 교유한 여러 고미술품 수집가들은 물론 이태준 등 문인과의 교유와 문인들의 고미술품 완상 풍조 등에 대한 접근은 1930년대 문화계의 일면을 알 수 있게 해주는 작업으로서 이 방면에 대한 연구는 차후의 과제로 삼고자 한다. Many figures in Seoul and the provinces can be pointed out as Korean antique art collectors of the Japanese colonial period. The outline of these major collectors gradually became expose dafter the 1930s. One of the representative Korean collectors in 1940, Ham Seok-Tae was the first figure on record who studied dentistry in Korea. The first Korean dentist, Ham Seok-Tae, interacted with the major antique art collectors and literary men of the period. In addition to holding the honorable record as the first Korean dentist, Ham Seok-Tae owned many rare ceramics and craft work, so much so that he was known as the "Great King of Genuine Small Items of Art." In accordance with the evacuation order of the Japanese Empire in 1944, near the end of the Japanese colonial period, Ham Seok-Tae took all his collection pieces by car to his home village in Pyeong-an-buk-do (North Pyeong-an Province) and it was there that he welcomed Korea’s liberation from Japan. But Ham Seok-Tae failed to return south and thereafter nothing about him is known. It is conjectured that perhaps he tried to bring his family and antique art by ship from Haeju in Hwanghae-dobut failed. Of the works currently passed down, there are only 15 ceramics and 4 paintings confirmed to be from Ham Seok-Tae’s collection. Passing through the turbulence of modern period, many collections of Korea’s major art collectors have disappeared and their whereabouts are still not known. Ham Seok-Tae’s collection likewise met a tragic end. Among the collection of Ham Seok-Tae currently passed down, there are masterpieces that have been designated as national treasure of North Korea. Through these works, Ham’s outstanding eye for discernment and beauty can be felt and especially his disposition for being captivated by small, rare-shaped antique art can be confirmed. Indeed, Ham Seok-Tae can be considered one of the exemplary collectors of modern Korea who possess extraordinarily discerning eye and passion for collecting. The social intercourse of various antique art collectors as well as leading men of letters who associated with Ham Seok-Tae and the approach of these literary circle figures to antique art appreciation and trend are topics for subsequent study, as a work that makes one aspect of the 1930s literary world understandable.

신호위반 단속시스템 설치에 따른 교통사고 감소 효과와 편익산정 기법 연구

김상엽,최재성,김명규,성현진 한국ITS학회 2011 한국ITS학회논문지 Vol.10 No.1

선형유형 구분을 통한 고속도로 사고빈도모형 개발 연구

김상엽,최재성,이수범,김성민,조원범,김용석 한국도로학회 2011 한국도로학회논문집 Vol.13 No.1

This paper presents how one can investigate the effects on crash occurrence of freeway geometric design elements including the horizontal,vertical alignment and road environment. At present, the available research results for the most part involve geometric data analysis that are obtained along a relatively long section of freeway, and, because of the long section′s diverse geometric conditions, the results tend to miss the specific local geometric impacts on vehicle crashes. In this regard, this research attempts to establish vehicle crash models based on a set of freeway geometric patterns whose crash generating characteristics are identical because they are homogeneous in terms of producing the same vehicle operating speeds,and subsequently their actual relationships are described by providing statistical analysis made in this research. Also each standard is comprised of part of straight, curve and continuous curve. This research has revealed that each type of model has different relation between accident and geometry structure. This research results should be useful for doing more reasonable highway designs and safety audit analysis. 본 연구에서는 고속도로를 대상으로 각각의 구간에 대한 선형유형을 구분하여 사고빈도모형을 개발하였다. 현재 사고빈도모형 부문의 연구는 주로 고속도로 구간 전체를 대상으로 한 연구가 대부분이기 때문에 거시적인 측면에서 사고빈도모형이 개발되었다고 할수 있으며, 이에 따라 각각의 구간특성이 정확히 반영되지 않은 상태에서의 사고빈도를 예측하였다고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 인식하여, 동질구간 분할법을 사용하여 고속도로의 평면선형을 직선부, 곡선부, 연속곡선부로 구분하였고, 이를 군집분석을 통하여 직선부와 곡선부의 유형을 구분하여 고속도로의 각각의 구간별 특성을 반영한 사고빈도모형을 구축하였다. 본 연구 결과는 고속도로 각 구간의 사고빈도를 예측하는데 있어 더 정확하고 합리적인 결과를 도출해 낼 것이라 판단한다.

평론 : 미술시장의 형성과 미술품 거래

김상엽 충북대학교 사학회 2006 忠北史學 Vol.17 No.-