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Production of Pokeweed Antiviral Proteins Nontoxic to Cells by Mutagenesis of PAP-cDNA
Hur, Yoon Kang,Han, Ching Tack,Park, Sang Kyu 한국식물학회 1998 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.41 No.3
Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP), one of ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs), has very strong toxicity both to prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. To produce mutant PAPs nontoxic to cells, the PAP-cDNA was inserted into a yeast-E. coli shuttle vector under the control of galactose promoter, mutagenized using hydroxylamine, and transformed into yeast cells. Transformed yeast cells were selected on the uracil-deficient plate containing glucose or raffinose, and the yeast cells producing mutant PAPs nontoxic to cells were then selected on the galactose plate. Eighteen mutants were obtained by immunoblot analyses of 1,000 transformants: among them, three, ten and five mutants produced unprocessed, mature and truncated PAPs, respectively. Fourteen PAP mutants among them did not inhibit the yeast cell growth, and showed no or less inhibition of protein synthesis in vitro. Six among fourteen mutants were able to protect TMV infection in coinoculation experiment. The mutant PAPs showing an antiviral activity either without or reduced RIP activity contain neither the active site mutation nor C-terminal deletion mutation. These results suggest that both the RIP activity and the antiviral activity will require other amino acid residue(s) besides the active site and that the antiviral activity of PAP can be dissociated from its toxicity.
Long Versus Short Drug-Eluting Stent In One Patient With Different Vessel: Which Is Better? (초)
( Min Kyu Kang ),( Ung Kim ),( Jong Seon Park ),( Won Jong Park ),( Young Jo Kim ),( Yoon Kyung Cho ),( Hyuk Joon Yoon ),( Chang Wook Nam ),( Seung Ho Hur ),( Yoon Nyun Kim ),( Kwon Bae Kim ) 대한내과학회 2012 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1
Kim, Hyun-Yi,Yang, Dong-Hwa,Shin, Song-Weon,Kim, Mi-Yeon,Yoon, Jae-Hyun,Kim, Suhyun,Park, Hae-Chul,Kang, Dong Woo,Min, DoSik,Hur, Man-Wook,Choi, Kang-Yell The Federation of American Societies for Experimen 2014 The FASEB Journal Vol.28 No.2
<P>CXXC5 is a member of a small subset of proteins containing CXXC-type zinc-finger domain. Here, we show that CXXC5 is a transcription factor activating <I>Flk-1</I>, a receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor. CXXC5 and Flk-1 were accmulated in nucli and membrane of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), respectively, during their endothelial differentiation. CXXC5 overexpression induced <I>Flk-1</I> transcription in both endothelium-differentiated mESCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). <I>In vitro</I> DNA binding assay showed direct interaction of CXXC5 on the <I>Flk-1</I> promoter region, and mutation on its DNA-binding motif abolished transcriptional activity. We showed that bone morphorgeneic protein 4 (BMP4) induced <I>CXXC5</I> transcription in the cells, and inhibitors of BMP signaling suppressed the <I>CXXC5</I> induction and the consequent <I>Flk-1</I> induction by BMP4 treatment. <I>CXXC5</I> knockdown resulted in suppression of BMP4-induced stress fiber formation (56.8±1.3% decrease, <I>P</I><0.05) and migration (54.6±1.9% decrease, <I>P</I><0.05) in HUVECs. The <I>in vivo</I> roles of CXXC5 in BMP-signaling-specific vascular development and angiogenesis were shown by specific defect of caudal vein plex vessel formation (57.9±11.8% decrease, <I>P</I><0.05) in <I>cxxc5</I> morpholino-injected zebrafish embryos and by supression of BMP4-induced angigogensis in subcutaneously injected Matrigel plugs in <I>CXXC5</I><SUP>−/−</SUP> mice. Overall, CXXC5 is a transcriptional activator for <I>Flk-1</I>, mediating BMP signaling for differentiation and migration of endothelial cell and vessel formation.—Kim, H.-Y., Yang, D.-H., Shin, S.-W., Kim, M.-Y., Yoon, J.-H., Kim, S., Park, H.-C., Kang, D. W., Min, D., Hur, M.-W., Choi, K.-Y. CXXC5 is a transcriptional activator of <I>Flk-1</I> and mediates bone morphogenic protein-induced endothelial cell differentiation and vessel formation.</P>
Hur, J.,Choi, J.I.,Lee, H.,Nham, P.,Kim, T.W.,Chae, C.W.,Yun, J.Y.,Kang, J.A.,Kang, J.,Lee, S.,Yoon, C.H.,Boo, K.,Ham, S.,Roh, T.Y.,Jun, J.,Lee, H.,Baek, S.,Kim, H.S. Cell Press 2016 Cell stem cell Vol.18 No.4
<P>Hematopoiesis is regulated by crosstalk between long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) and supporting niche cells in the bone marrow (BM). Here, we examine the role of CD82/ KAI1 in niche-mediated LT-HSC maintenance. We found that CD82/ KAI1 is expressed predominantly on LT-HSCs and rarely on other hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells (HSPCs). In Cd82 +/-/+/- mice, LTHSCs were selectively lost as they exited from quiescence and differentiated. Mechanistically, CD82based TGF-b1/ Smad3 signaling leads to induction of CDK inhibitors and cell-cycle inhibition. The CD82 binding partner DARC/ CD234 is expressed on macrophages and stabilizes CD82 on LT-HSCs, promoting their quiescence. When DARC + BMmacrophages were ablated, the level of surface CD82 on LT-HSCs decreased, leading to cell-cycle entry, proliferation, and differentiation. A similar interaction appears to be relevant for human HSPCs. Thus, CD82 is a functional surface marker of LT-HSCs that maintains quiescence through interaction with DARC-expressing macrophages in the BM stem cell niche.</P>
Yoon, Min-Ah,Kim, Chan,Hur, Min,Kang, Woo Seok,Kim, Jaegu,Kim, Jae-Hyun,Lee, Hak-Joo,Kim, Kwang-Seop Elsevier 2018 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.428 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The adhesion between a stamp and thin film devices is crucial for their transfer on a flexible substrate. In this paper, a thin adhesive silicone layer on the stamp was treated by atmospheric pressure plasma to locally control the adhesion strength for the selective transfer. The adhesion strength of the silicone layer was significantly reduced after the plasma treatment, while its surface energy was increased. To understand the inconsistency between the adhesion strength and surface energy changes, the surface properties of the silicone layer were characterized using nanoindentation and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. These techniques revealed that a thin, hard, silica-like layer had formed on the surface from plasma-enhanced oxidation. This layer played an important role in decreasing the contact area and increasing the interfacial slippage, resulting in decreased adhesion. As a practical application, the transfer process was demonstrated on GaN LEDs that had been previously delaminated by a laser lift-off (LLO) process. Although the LEDs were not transferred onto the treated adhesive layer due to the reduced adhesion, the untreated adhesive layer could readily pick up the LEDs. It is expected that this simple method of controlling the adhesion of a stamp with a thin adhesive layer would enable a continuous, selective and large-scale roll-to-roll selective transfer process and thereby advance the development of flexible, stretchable and wearable electronics.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A thin adhesive silicone layer was treated by atmospheric pressure plasma to control the adhesion strength. </LI> <LI> The adhesion strength of the layer was reduced after the plasma treatment, while its surface energy was increased. </LI> <LI> It was confirmed that a thin, hard, silica-like layer had formed on the surface from plasma-enhanced oxidation. </LI> <LI> The silica-like layer played an important role in increasing the interfacial slippage, resulting in decreased adhesion. </LI> <LI> The usefulness of the plasma treatment was demonstrated for the selective transfer process of GaN LEDs. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
산전 초음파 검사를 이용한 거대아 및 견갑난산 예측의 유용성
윤성준,박형무,허민,임인석,강규현 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.5
목적 : 출생시 체중이 4,000gm이상인 신생아에 있어서 산전초음파 검사방법인 태아 상복부 횡단면(abdominal circumference, AC)을 통해 이를 예측하는 것이 가능한지를 조사하였으며, 거대아 분만과정에서 발생될 수 있는 견갑난산(shoulder dystocia)을 태아 상복부직경(abdominal diameter, AD)과 태아 두부 대횡경(biparietal diameter, BPD)의 차이를 통해 예측이 가능한지를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상 및 방법 : 1998년 3월부터 1999년 8월까지 중앙대학교 산부인과 산전관리 클리닉에 내원한 환자중 출생시 신생아의 체중이 4000gm이상이면서 분만 2주전에 산전 초음파를 시행하였던 거대아 산모 50명을 연구 대상군으로 하였으며, 대조군으로 신생아의 체중이 3100-3900gm이면서 분만 2주전에 산전 초음파를 시행하였던 산모 50명으로 하였다. 결과 : 자연분만으로 출산을 한 여성은 대조군은 41명이었고, 거대아군은 30명이었다. 자연분만중 견갑난산은 대조군은 41명중 1명에서, 거대아군은 30명중 7명에서 일어났다. 태아 상복부 횡단면의 초음파상 크기가 대조군은 35cm이상인 경우가 6명, 거대아군은 45명이었다. 거대아를 자연분만한 환자 30명중 태아 상복부직경과 두부 대횡경의 차이는 견갑난산이 합병된 경우는 평균 2.9 0.271cm, 견갑난산이 합병되지 않은 군은 평균 2.1 0.409cm였다. 태아 상복부 횡단면을 35cm를 기준으로 하였을때 거대아를 예측하는 민감도가 88.2%였고 특이도는 89.2%였으며, 견갑난산의 예측지표로 태아 상복부직경과 두부 대횡경의 차이를 2.6cm를 기준으로 하였을 때 민감도가 66.6%였고 특이도는 95.2%였다. 결론 : 태아 산전 초음파시 임신 삼분기의 태아 상복부 횡단면의 측정은 거대아를 선별하는데 유용한 척도가 될 수 있으며 견갑난산이 합병된 군의 태아 상복부직경과 두부대횡경의 차이는 합병되지 않은 군에 비해 2.6 cm을 기준으로 했을 때 통계학적으로 유의하게 컸다. Objective : To determine if birth weight greater than 4000gm can be predicted by ultrasound measurement of abdominal circumference(AC) and if shoulder dystocia in macrosomic infants can be predicted by ultrasound measurement of the difference between the abdominal diameter(AD) and biparietal diameter(BPD). Methods : A Retrospective study was performed of births occuring from March, 1998 to August, 1999 at department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University. Among neonates of birth weight greater than 4000 gm, 50 cases in that ultrasound examination was done within 2 weeks before delivery were selected for macrosomic group and 50 cases were selected for control group during the same period, among neonate of birth weight from 3100gm to 3900gm. Results : 1) Normal spontaneous vaginal delivery(NSVD) was 41 cases in control group and 30 cases in macrosomic group. Among NSVD, shoulder dystocia was 1 case in 41 cases of control group and was 7 cases in 30 cases of macrosomic group. 2) On ultrasound measurement, 6 cases had AC greater than 35 cm in control group and 45 cases in macrosomic group. Among 30 cases in NSVD was done in macrosomic group, difference between AD and BPD was 2.9 0.271 cm when shoulder dystocia was existed and was 2.1 0.409 cm when shoulder dystocia was not existed. Between the two groups, statistically significant difference was detected. 3) When AC(cutoff value of 35cm) was used for screening of macrosomia, sensitivity for macrosomia was 88.2% and specificity was 89.8% and when AD-BPD difference(cutoff value of 2.6cm) was used for prediction of shoulder dystocia, sensitivity for shoulder dystocia was 66.6% and specificity was 95.2%. Conclusion : In prenatal ultrasound measurement, AC measurement at third trimester of pregnancy will be a valuable indicator for macrosomia screening. The AD-BPD difference of shoulder dystocia group was greater than uncomplicated group in macrosomia and the AD-BPD difference cutoff value of 2.6cm was significant value statistically.