천연 항균성 오프셋 잉크의 개발에 관한 연구

이성형 부경대학교 2014 국내박사

산업이 고도화되고 생활이 윤택해지면서 항균 제품에 대한 수요가 크게 증가하고 있으며, 특히 인체와 환경에 무해한 환경 친화적 항균 소재 개발이 절실히 요구되고 있다. 현재 항균제로써 천연 추출물뿐만 아니라 무기계, 유기계 항균제 등 다양한 항균 소재가 개발되어 왔다. 특히 무기계 항균제는 항균 지속성이 유기계 항균제보다 우수하나 항균력이 떨어지며, 유기계 항균제는 무기계 항균제보다 항균력이 뛰어나지만 피부 자극원의 하나이므로 점차 사용 범위가 제한되고 있다. 최근에 인체에 무해하고 합성제에 비하여 해가 적은 것으로 알려진 천연 항균제를 개발하기 위해 오랫동안 식용해 온 천연 식품 재료로부터 항균제를 개발하기 위하여 많은 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다.1) 인체에 무해할 뿐만 아니라 쉽게 구할 수 있고, 항균력도 양호한 천연 추출물 항균제를 이용하여 인쇄 잉크에 활용할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 선행 연구에서 보고된 바가 있는 결명자(chrysoph-anic acid), 솔잎(berberine), 약쑥(coumaric acid)3) 등 세 가지 식물 시료를 이용하여 천연 항균제 성분을 추출하였고, 추출한 항균제를 이용하여 천연 항균성 오프셋 잉크를 제조하였다. 먼저 항균제를 에탄올과 증류수를 이용한 용매 추출법과 동결 건조법을 활용하여 추출하였는데 비록 메탄올보다 항균제 수율은 작지만 추후 수용성 식용 잉크에도 활용할 수 있도록 하기 위해 인체에 유해성이 적고, 식용 가능하며 동결 건조 방법으로 항균제를 파우더로 만들 수 있는 에탄올을 용매로 선택하여 적용하였다. 천연 항균제의 항균력 평가는 한천 배지 확산 방법을 사용하였으며, 천연 항균제를 paper disk에 포도상구균과 대장균을 배양한 후, disk 주변에 있는 clear zone의 직경을 측정하여 항균력을 비교 평가하였다. 또한 추출한 항균제는 현재 상용화되어 있는 오프셋 잉크에 첨가하여 항균 잉크를 제조하였다. 이러한 항균 잉크의 항균성 실험은 점도가 높은 잉크의 항균력 분석에 가장 적합한 방법으로 샘플 표면에 포도상구균과 대장균이 배양된 액을 접종하고 필름을 덮어 부착시킨 후, 생균수를 측정하는 필름 밀착법으로 그 결과를 분석 및 검토하였다. 또한 항균제 첨가에 따른 인쇄 적성에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위하여 잉크의 솔리드 농도 및 측색, 광택도, 트래핑 효율 등을 구하여 그 결과를 평가하고 천연 항균성 오프셋 잉크로 활용 가능한지를 검토하였다.

표준인쇄를 기반으로 잉크 절감 솔루션을 고려한 인쇄 최적화 공정에 관한 연구

김준곤 부경대학교 대학원 2013 국내박사

According as the latest printing technology is converted from analogue to digital, life cycle of a printing technology is shortened and the existent printing companies were faced always in a new technology. Specially, way of foreign countries export opened because globalization of printing market is accelerated. But, printing buyers of advanced nation require standard printing process control. Therefore, strategic country standardization for global market correspondence and domestic market activation is required strongly. Also, printing industry was intensified competition by long-term stagnation of domestic market. Fall of printing price by this is gone fast. And require printing of high quality because eye-level of customer rises. Therefore, printing business is facing in difficulty more and more. One kind among subject that was marked out most greatly along with development of digital printing was GCR method in original file. Original file that is made in actuality GCR method that do not consider reappeared process finally causes various problem about interaction of ink and paper at actuality printing. For example, need a lot of researches about printing quality and ink use according as generate problem that is much by excess use of ink in case of printed because TIL(Total Ink Limit) is defined as 300% and applies file that apply low GCR curve to newspaper printing. Most basic description of Ink optimization replaces part that black ink been that reappear equal color is reappeared by C, M, Y in whole area of tonal range. Can reduce ink expenditure about 17 - 30% according to image. Also, color difference was less despite density change is great at printing. Could check on result that is shown color reappearance as original image in anonymous ranking test consisted of 11 specialists. Can reduce time that control color at printing. Also, can reduce fan-out or web growth that is often produced in web printing. And reappearance improved in some poor pint focus was seen. Could reduce printing dry time and decrease dryer energy in web printing of heat-set method. Gray balance was reappeared stably in image. According to printing environment, set off that generate much was improved. And Rosette Pattern decreased as is state that C, M, an Y ink quantity decrease. In this study, Standard print environment was confirmed by applying the optimization process considering the domestic printing environment. and ICC color management based on improved algorithm is applied verification method and step-by-step from the input file to the final printout. the optimum K values ​​were evaluated in consequence of the value of Delta E ink savings and separations based on ICC profiles in standard print environment. metamerism was tested to confirm corrections under different light source. the efficiency of the optimization process was evaluated to be stability of print by changing the ink density the highest weighted factor on color reproduction. the results were as follows: 1. Colorimetric methods are able to analyze the accuracy of re-created file according to the solutions and GCG steps based on the ICC profile in prepress. Also, the changes in the error is same between the input files and the final printouts in a standard printing environment. Therefore, it is more efficient to check the input stage without checking the final stage. 2. The maximum amount of Ink saving solution is 24% under applied GRACol 2006 coated1v2 which has 27% of start K value as default. And when start K value is 0%, Ink saving amount is 32.62% with the same profile. At this time, Delta E of the reference value(GRACol2006 coated1v2)and Maximum value are 3.25 and 3.18 respectively. Almost no difference is detected. As a result, ink saving solution from 0% to start K is found that the maximum value applies on the standard printing environment. 3. Delta E is 3.93 in comparison of reference value(GRACo 2006_coated1v2) and original mean value in metamerism test for color reappearance confirmation in other light source. Delta E represented better result in solution maximum application by 2.86∼3.24 in maximum application of ink saving solution. Therefore, metamerism test is useful in domestic real condition that evaluate from F2 light source usually, and evaluates from D50 light source that is standard source at printing. 4. When print, Delta E of original and reference value(GRACol 2006_coated1v2) are each 2.62, 4.40 and each 2.44, 4.32 in ink saving solution application minimum and maximum value in bigger density tolerance ± 0.1 than condition that consider density tolerance ± 0.05 of ISO 12647-2, Delta E 5 lows in 2 printing stability test by ink density change that weighted value is the highest in color reappearance. Therefore, optimization process that apply basis standard printing from bigger ± 0.1 extents to value in tolerance extent fewer than Delta E 5 than density tolerance of ISO 12647-2 in printing stability test is more excellent in printing stability by density. keyword: printing optimization, printing standards, GCR algorithm, TIL, ISO 12647-2, ink saving solutions

국내 하프톤 스크린 인쇄를 위한 최적의 스크린 망사 선택

최인식 부경대학교 2013 국내석사

Screen printing is a printing method with flexible plate surface characteristics. In addition, since the appearance of electronics industry the screen printing has been demanding high quality and definition. However, Screen printing is a method for taking ink through mesh opening because screen mesh tends to restrict quality of screen printing. In particular, the biggest problem compared with other printing type is halftone reproduction characteristics. Halftone reproduction characteristics for screen printing depend on screen mesh and opening. Dot losses or dot gains are observed through various types of screen mesh because thread of screen mesh interfere with the movement of the ink. Excessive dot losses or gains can affect the tonal range. Furthermore, this problem can result in other problem such as bad contrast and gray balance. Therefore, it is an important factor to use proper screen mesh for halftone screen printing. However, domestic screen printing industry relies on worker's experience in field rather than depending on objective data although standardized specifications and optimal printing conditions are required for screen printing. For this reason, it is important to stipulate standard condition for domestic screen printing industry. Therefore, it was examined to find tonal range by mesh opening in halftone prints process of screen printing used domestic paper and ink in this study. In addition, TVI(Tone Value Increase) characteristic was observed by comparing to the manuscripts and prints of the dot area ratio. Furthermore, contrast value and gray balance were confirmed for each condition of the printout. Conditions for the proper selection of screen mesh screen for the quality of the prints were also examined, compared with the international standard of screen printing, ISO 12647-5.

국내 연포장 그라비어인쇄에서 그레이 밸런스 방법을 이용한 컬러 관리에 관한 연구

이아름 부경대학교 대학원 2014 국내석사

최근 연포장 그라비어인쇄인 경우 다품종, 소량화와 다양한 사이즈 대응과 더불어 품질 면에서도 요구 사항이 증가하고 있다. 특히 품질 면에서 가장 일반적이 평가 기준의 하나가 컬러이므로 인쇄 공정에서 컬러 관리가 필요하다. 비록 직접적인 연포장 그라비어인쇄의 국제 표준 규격은 아니지만 참조할 수 있는 출판 그라비어인쇄의 ISO12647-4 규격, 또한 접근이 쉬운 인쇄물의 표준 컬러 관리에 도움을 줄 수 있는 한 가지가 그레이 밸런스 방법을 이용하는 것이다. 이 방법은 그레이 스케일의 중성 농도 값과 인쇄된 그레이 스케일의 하프톤 퍼센트와 원고 하프톤 퍼센트 사이의 관계인 NPDC(Natural Printing Density Curve)로 그레이 밸런스를 컨트롤할 수 있음으로써 연포장 그라비어 인쇄물의 컬러 관리에 도움을 줄 수 있다. 뿐만 아니라 그레이 스케일을 TVI(Tone Value Increase) 곡선 값과 같이 각 분해 색판의 단계별 스케일 망점 크기에 대한 정의로써 시지각적 특성이 고려되어질 수 있다. 먼저 그레이 밸런스 확인에 적합한 테스트 폼 원고를 제작하고, 테스트 인쇄를 통해 확인한 헬리오(Helio) 제판의 표준 조건을 적용하여 175선의 C, M, Y, K 동판을 만든 후, 인쇄하였다. 피인쇄체는 잉크 침투가 전혀 없는 연포장 소재이므로 테스트 인쇄를 위해 용제 타입의 두 가지 잉크를 제조하여 사용하였다. 또한 인쇄된 테스트 폼 중 그레이 스케일을 참조 스케일에 비교하였고, 인쇄기가 원하는 최적의 NPDC 모양에 있도록 망점 퍼센트에 있는 RIP(Raster Image Processer) 곡선 보정 값을 계산하였다. 계산된 값은 RIP 곡선에서 C, M, Y, K 판별 퍼센터 수치로 각각 입력하여 보정한 후, 다시 인쇄판(동판)을 만들어 인쇄함으로써 그레이 밸런스 방법을 이용한 컬러 관리를 연포장 그라비어인쇄에서 수행하였다. 또한 그레이 밸런스 방법을 이용한 컬러 관리 수행 결과를 확인하기 위하여 그레이 스케일의 농도 및 컬러 값을 측정하였고, 그 값을 이용하여 그레이 밸런스 및 계조 재현 특성, TVI 즉, 도트 게인(dot gain)을 비교 분석하였다. 뿐만 아니라 CIEL*a*b* 컬러 공간을 이용하여 컬러 게멋 볼륨 및 색차를 비교 평가하였다.

무극성 플라스틱 소재용 잉크 개발 및 소재의 부착성에 관한 연구

허경영 부경대학교 2011 국내석사

현재의 국내 도료 산업은 최근 강화되고 있는 각종 규제와 프라이머의 핵심 물질인 CPP의 수입 의존으로 인한 기술적 낙후, 수입에 의한 가격 상승과 수입 도장재와의 가격 경쟁력, 그리고 유성에서 수성으로의 대체에 따른 성능적 측면으로 인하여 국내 기술의 독자적인 개발로 현재의 이러한 문제점들을 극복해야 하는 과제를 안게 되었다. 국내 관련 기업들도 위 문제들을 해결하기 위해 다각도의 방향 및 방법을 모색하고 해결하고자 노력하고 있지만 적극적인 연구 개발은 하지 못하고 외국의 기술 동향에만 주의를 기울이고 있는 경우가 많다. 새로운 제품의 연구 개발에 의하여 더 향상된 기술과 성능 및 가격 경쟁력을 가지며, 국내 기술의 개발에 따른 국제적인 경쟁력을 가질 수 있는 제품의 필요성이 회사의 사활을 좌우할 것이라는 자각 속에서도 국내 기업들은 적극적인 준비를 하지 못하고 있다. 이에 대한 이유는 신제품의 확실하지 않은 성능으로 인한 기존 제품의 신뢰성 저하, 생산 설비 추가 및 교체에 대한 비용 증가 등의 추가적인 비용 부담, 그리고 대부분의 문제가 제품보다는 원천소재에서 기인하는 경우가 많기 때문이다. 원천 소재의 경우, 국내 산업의 기술과 지적 재산은 미약하며 수입 의존도가 크기 때문이다. 이에 따라, 이전의 신규 도료들은 발전 속도가 극히 미비했으며, 사용되는 용매량이 적은 하이솔리드 도료는 응용기술 및 장비들이 도료 발전에 따라오지 못했기 때문에 느리게 진행된 편이었다. 획기적인 신제품의 개발을 제외한다면, 일반적인 도료 기술 개발은 이미 성숙 단계에 도달해 있다. 현재 도료의 개발 방향은 환경 친화적인 제품 제조를 위해 주로 원료 선택에 집중되어 있으며, 각 업종간의 협력 부족으로 기존 제품의 배합 검토 위주로 진행되고 있다. 각 도료 업계는 세계적인 경쟁력과 환경 규제 등의 이유로 유성타입의 도료에서 수성 타입 도료로의 전환을 준비하고 있지만, 새로운 설비에 대한 투자비용이 필요한 도막의 건조성 문제 해결 방안과 기존의 제품에 대한 각각의 물성 재현 등의 이유로 쉽게 전환하지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문은 환경 친화적이며 기술과 성능에 있어서 세계적인 경쟁력을 모두 가질 수 있고 기존 도료의 유성 제품군 성능을 재현하며, 나아가 더욱 우수한 성능을 나타내는 수성 타입의 비염소 수지를 개발하여 우수한 제품의 생산과 함께 세계 도료 시장에서 국가의 위상을 높이는데 기여하고자 하였다.

국내 오프셋 인쇄물 평가를 위한 최적의 Proofing 조건에 관한 연구

이원규 부경대학교 2011 국내석사

Because of high demand of color quality of the prints, proof prints are more important for end-user to predict and correct the final prints directly as an intermediate. Thus, proof prints can be used as a reference to take minimum △E*ab between the originals and finals in the field. The advantage of proof prints is to predict and correct color easily through the RIP(Raster Image Processor) without printing plates and plate making steps. While, it is thought that the proof systems are almost equivalent to the press in the past, present proof systems are more simple to take proof prints more easily due to the automation and digitalization. This paper addresses a method to perform an accurate profiling according to proof paper types and find optimal proof papers which meet proofing requirement. Although proof papers are matched with ISO 12647-7, we were trying to reduce △E*ab, In addition to the above, through the Gamut Mapping and Iteration, We were trying to find optimal proofing conditions. In this study, the result and conclusions are listed below. 1. For optimal proofing, it is essential to correctly set a calibration and ink table setting in proof profiling process. 2. For effective proofing, proper commercial profiles must be applied after taking the properties of the test target and papers to be printed in the field into consideration. 3. When rendering intent was applied correctly as per the properties of the proof papers, △E*ab was reduced. Since effective gamut mapping methods are differ from the proofing to press printing, properties of rendering intent have to be taken into account prior to application. 4. By using Iteration, maximum △E*ab and average △E*ab are reduced. Therefore, it is possible to take proofing without High Quality paper which is more expensive them the others.

친환경 잉크를 이용한 오프셋 인쇄의 색재현에 관한 연구

문성환 부경대학교 일반대학원 2011 국내석사

This advanced printing industry, such as print media industry, despite the many chemicals are produced through the action of the complex is recognized as a hazardous industry. Increasing concern about the environment and ‘Carbon green growth’ in order to go after the age of these will be addressed is harmful to the environment. Now, in all industries producing and convenience than the importance of environment and eco-friendly ways to deal with prepared doing more realistic challenge would emerge, and the print industry, without exception, eco-friendly product development efforts and product performance to improve environmental improvement Highlight the positive response has been doing. The issue of paper with ink during the printing material is an important part in the various pigments, inks, organic solvents are used in a variety of chemicals are exposed to environmental pollution. Ministry of the ‘Management status and the reduction of volatile organic compounds Plan’ arising from printing facilities, according to the VOC (Volatile Organic Compound), about 3.6% of the total emission is reached at that. VOC’s awareness of the urgent measures have been announced. Such as climate change ink manufacturers to develop environmentally friendly ink make a life and death and there. Currently, environmental contaminants that can cause Aromatic types of hydrocarbons, less than 1% made of Aromatic Free kind of used products, soybean oil products with linseed oil with the products, rice products using a wide range of environmentally ecological ink since 2000 is released quickly. All materials used in printed material, if the green is the best way to print the composite materials in industrial applications, because each process on the print quality and productivity, there can be many differences in this experiment because it accounts for a large proportion in the print general ink in the ink section and the International color standards (ISO2846-1: 2006) certified ecological ink were compared. Therefore, in this paper has the ink released from the same company, each common general ink and ecological ink in the same condition which results were focused on whether the emerging international color standard (ISO 2846-1:2006) recognized for environmentally ecological ink printed color reproduction of the actual offset (color reproduction) how conformity to ISO 12647-2 standard color on the basis of the offset would check Color Reproduction. Based on the results of the experiments of this study, given the ecological ink coated paper, uncoated paper both color difference and the Gamut of the ISO 12647-2 standard is suitable for ecological ink, the ink’s color gamut reproduction, even more than existing international standards, there is no confirmed that the correct color reproduction possible. Using environmentally ecological ink industries is expected to respond to environmental policy.

인쇄 공정에서 최적의 Profiling을 이용한 컬러 관리에 관한 연구 : 최적의 Profiling을 이용한 컬러 관리에 관한 연구

차재영 부경대학교 2009 국내박사

본 연구는 인쇄 공정에서 최적의 프로파일링을 이용한 컬러 관리에 관한 연구로서 측색적 방법을 통해 디지털 카메라 프로파일 제작시 최적의 조건, 소프트카피용 모니터 프로파일 제작시 최적의 조건, 하드카피용 프린트 프로파일 제작시 최적의 조건을 중심으로 연구한 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. AdobeRGB, sRGB, ProphotoRGB의 세 가지의 색공간을 이용한 프로파일링 작업에서 Colorchecker DC 타깃을 이용한 경우, ProphotoRGB 색공간의 색차가 적었고, Digital Colorchecker SG 타깃을 이용한 경우, AdobeRGB 색공간의 색차가 적었다. 그러나 인쇄용 프로파일과 비교했을 때, ProphotoRGB의 경우 색공간이 너무 넓어 컬러 압축이 많으므로 콘트라스트 저하와 컬러 재현성이 떨어질 것으로 사료된다. AdobeRGB 색공간은 인쇄용 프로파일의 컬러 재현 영역을 비교적 많이 포함함으로써 색변환 과정에서 콘트라스트와 컬러 재현성이 좋아 AdobeRGB 색공간을 사용하는 것이 인쇄물의 컬러 재현에 유용함을 알 수 있었다. 2. 소프트 프루핑을 위한 모니터 프로파일링 작업에서 적은 수의 컬러 샘플을 이용하여도 색차가 아주 작은 프로파일을 만들 수 있었고, 디지털 카메라 프로파일을 적용한 이미지의 경우, 조금 더 정확한 컬러 재현이 가능함을 알 수 있었다. 3. 하드카피 프루핑을 위한 프루프 프로파일링 작업에서는 선형화 작업이 정확할 경우, 최적의 프로파일링 작업이 가능함을 알 수 있었고, 디지털 카메라 프로파일을 적용한 이미지가 그렇지 않은 이미지와 비교해 조금 더 정확한 컬러 재현이 가능함을 알 수 있었다. 다양한 형태의 프로그램과 연동할 수 있는 프로파일링 시스템에서 최적화된 프로파일링 작업만 이루어진다면 정확한 인쇄용 교정이 가능함을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 실험 결과를 통해 측색적 방법으로 입력에서 출력까지 정확한 컬러 재현이 가능한 최적화된 프로파일 제작을 확인할 수 있었다. 디지털카메라의 프로파일은 AdobeRGB 색공간을 사용하여 제작하는 것이 인쇄물의 컬러 재현에 유용함을 알 수 있었다. 모니터 프로파일은 적은 수의 컬러샘플을 이용하여도 소프트프루핑용 프로파일 제작이 가능하였다. 프루프 프로파일은 선형화 작업이 정확할 경우에 최적의 프로파일 제작이 가능함을 알 수 있었고, 디지털카메라 촬영이미지는 디지털카메라 프로파일을 적용하였을 경우 더 정확한 컬러 재현이 가능함을 알 수 있었다. 최적화된 프로파일을 사용할 경우, 고가의 자동화된 인쇄 시스템을 효율적으로 운영할 수 있을 것이며, 앞으로 국내 인쇄업계에서 진행될 ISO 표준에 근거한 인쇄 시스템의 최적화가 가능할 것으로 사료된다. Regarding the changes in printing market, massive investments are underway to development of software that optimize systems for efficient operation along with technical hardware advance. System optimization, a method to maximize the degree of hardware utilization, can bring reduction of printing process, cost reduction and improvement of printing quality. Among the hardware used in printing field, input devices include digital camera and scanner, and output devices include monitor, proof printer, CTP(computer to plate) and printing machine among others. With regard to such devices, the programs that search for and manage optimal printing conditions are called workflows, and such programs are used in connection with various applications. One of the important roles of worflow is color management. In general, color management technique, which is called CMS(color management system), is a method to solve problems that show different characteristics of color regeneration in input and output devices, and the characteristics of input and output devices is created in data file called ICC(International Color Consortium) profile. In addition, ICC profile is used to manage color in workflow, and includes other functions, process management and printing quality management. In domestic printing market, workflow is in the pipeline at rapid speed along with CTP, and use of ICC profile required for color management is also in rapid progress. Currently the most required in domestic printing market is basic understanding of color, deduction of problem on color management and research to solve such deduced problem. That is because printed material created through incorrect color management and process management does not show any clue at which part of the entire printing process the problem occurs. Only accurate understanding of color management and process management will be the solution to problem. Furthermore, understanding on international standards is also necessary; though there are international standards on all the materials, programs, color management systems and printing process management systems etc, domestic environment does not facilitate efficient operation and application due to insufficient technical understanding. Therefore, this paper divided such problems into three sections from input to output as a way to solve them, and produced optimal ICC profile through experiment from the work of linearizing devices used in each field to color conversion work. Moreover, the paper confirmed how ICC profile will be used in printing field. First off, the proofing experiment based on the profiling of input device produced digital camera profile by using Digital ColorChecker SG target and ColorChecker DC target, and applied it directly to the image photographed in image modifying program. In the proofing experiment based on softcopy proofing, the paper intended to create in a display condition photographers or editing designers can work on images photographed with the use of camera profile and monitor profile produced in colorimetric method while watching the color same as that of actually photographed object. As for the image displayed in the monitor, the experiment changed color space to camera profile by applying camera profile with the use of image modifying program, compared chrominance with photographed copy by converting to printing profile again, and reviewed the results. In the proofing experiment based on hardcopy proofing, photographed copy and chrominance were compared by printing out in proof the image created through application and color conversion with the use of camera profile and proof profile produced in colorimetric method. By evaluating if color is expressed accurately from input to output through colorimetric color conversion experiment as above, the paper intended to propose color management method using optimal profile in printing process. This study, a study on color management using optimal profiling in printing process, researched with focus on optimal condition in producing digital camera profile, optimal condition in producing monitor profile for softcopy and optimal condition in producing print profile for hardcopy in colorimetric method, and reached the following conclusions: 1. In profiling work using three color spaces, AdobeRGB, sRGB and ProphotoRGB, in case Colorchecker DC target is used, the chrominance of ProphotoRGB color was low, and in acse Digital Colorchecker SG target is used, the chrominance of Adobe RGB color space was low. However, compared with profile for printing, in the case of ProphotoRBG, color space is too wide, increasing color compression, so presumably contrast and regeneration will fall. AdobeRGB color space relatively contains a lot of color regeneration area of profile for printing, gaining improvement of contrast and color regeneration in color conversion process, so it was shown use AdobeRGB color space is more efficient to color regeneration of printed material. 2. In monitor profiling work for soft profiling, use of even small number of color samples enabled creation of profile with very small chrominance, and in case of image applied with digital camera profile, slightly more accurate color regeneration was possible. 3. In hard copy profiling work, in case linearization work is accurate, it was shown that optimal profiling work is possible, and image applied with digital camera profile compared with image with no application can facilitate more accurate color regeneration. It was shown that in profiling system that can interact with various types of programs, if only optimized profiling work is done, accurate printing correction is possible. Therefore, the experiment results showed that colorimetric method can facilitate production of optimized profile that can perform accurate color regeneration from input to output. In addition, in case optimized profile is used high-priced automated printing system can be operated efficiently, and printing system can be optimized based on ISO standard that will be enforced in domestic printing industry.

Digital 印刷에 있어서 color의 最適化에 關한 硏究

김재해 부경대학교 2008 국내박사

In digital age, Printed matter the upgrade of the color printed matter is advanced with a multi kind small quantity production together quickly, and the demand of the consumer is more increased. Also most printing equipments about digital brazier lower the color which as customer demands for a color from place printing which many portions with automatic movement is managed and the actual printed matter which as nearly reappear are raising its head with the problem which is important. Especially, comparison of the printing method where the color civil official of the printed matter is different specially from domestic digital printing than with scientific and objectivity method the system device profile is applied at printing and the standardization of printing becomes accomplished, but as ever color difference of the manuscript and occurs is a possibility of knowing from specific color. Therefore, more for the system and efficient color civil official will be standardized and it is a necessary to confirm the objective data. From the research which it sees consequently there is to a digital printed matter and in order to control the color reappearance which is a most big variable in optimization properly from input device until output device it applies the color conversion method which is various in the color civil official as to minimize color difference of the manuscript and, it did to sleep, also it investigated the propriety of color conversion method. Generally the input and output devices are not reappeared with system independent color price, and data of system dependentcolor is reappeared with nonlinear conversion because of the output signal price against an input signal price from the color reappearance which in like this system quality depends and input device or the monitor the difference of hue occurs in the manuscript and last output scandal color. It reduces like this difference in order to the color reappearance method for the place where there is a possibility of sharing at three branch phase, First, all images always to show the answer back quality which is identical in quality of system, and calibration is phase. In after words, system dependent color space what finds out the color reappearance quality of color conversion system in system independent color space characterization is phase. It buys last from characteristic phase and position data and the conversion matrix it leads and it is done when and mathematics operation and the system independent color conversion become accomplished. The Color Management System (CMS) comes to be composed of like this three phases. To color conversion method of input device the method which uses a line-shaped conversion and the LUT which use the multiplex regression analysis law together, especially there is also the method which uses a spectral diffraction presumption is already executed. From the this study, In the method which is like this various accuracy to be high even in the sample color conversion the multiplex regression analysis law which is the possibility of doing quickly used. Also for a color conversion from the monitor with the GOG (gain-offset-gamma), the LUT (look up table) and the sRGB are general with the characterization model which is applied. So, It is like that it used this method together from the research which it sees and it tested, the GOG model where from in that the result is excellent in color conversion method of digital printing it applied. Also to color conversion method of the digital printer it used the LUT, 3dimension line-shaped interpolation laws and a tetrahedron interpolation laws. With after words, it is same like this test result it got a same conclusion. 1. The scanner which is a input device and the digital camera all CCD input sense but, by the input price of the manuscript which the scanner is accurate in base even color of the color conversion manuscript which uses a multiplex regression analysis and got the result where the scanner which it kicks is better the digital camera than. Also, Color of the scanner the lightness which it kicks, the chroma compared to it was added an extra weight in hue-angel difference and it appeared but, the digital camera all was added an extra weight in the lightness, the chroma and hue-angel difference and color difference occurred. 2. The GOG model even color difference it is a linear target from the average color conversion which applies the model appeared the CRT monitor fewer the LCD monitor than, case of IT 8.7/2 target the CRT appeared more highly the LCD and it got the result which is better than color conversion method of the sRGB and the 1D LUT. The GOG model in addition calculates the gain and a offset parametric variable in the gamma parametric variable which is a cause of relationship in non-liner shape from quality anger process with the possibility of raising an accuracy is in the monitor color civil official of digital printing is useful confirmed. In order to confirm the accuracy and an efficient characteristic of monitor color conversion method also political change exchange and adverse change exchange repetition result even color difference it accomplishes the CRT monitor compared to shows the result where the LCD monitor is better and it is used. 3. From the CMY which uses the LUT and 3 dimension line-shaped interpolations from the digital printer even color difference of the color conversion manuscript with the CIELAB and comparison got the result which is good with 1.311. Also, From the CIELAB which uses the LUT and tetrahedral interpolation laws with the CMY the color conversion manuscript and even colordifference from the CIELAB with the CMY color converting from the CMY color error occurred step phase interpolation converting than occurred plentifully with the CIELAB. 4. From color reappearance of digital printing case of monitor, The XYZ which it converts in multiplex regression analysis of input device it makes extreme to double an adverse change exchange matrix, it applies the reverse GOG model and after color converting the patch of the result most which buys color difference of the manuscript and shows color difference below 5 at monitor RGB price. Also, The XYZ which is transmitted from the case input device which is a printer it makes at LAB price to convert an extreme, when the LAB price which is converted calculating the CMY with the LUT and tetrahedral interpolations the color conversion which considers the black quantity was more accurate. Also, In order to minimize color difference of the manuscript and it shows the result where the relative rendering intent is most good from the color reverse thought which it applies.

토너 기반의 디지털 인쇄에서 최적의 컬러 매니지먼트 적용에 관한 연구

장승완 부경대학교 대학원 2015 국내석사

Printing company have tried for color quality standardization of digital printing referring ISO 12647-7 standard. Specially, offered new guide of color quality standardization of digital printing by proposing ISO 15339 standards that ISO is more systematic and refined for quality standardization of digital printing from 2013. Color management method of actuality printing is basic color calibration method, gray balance management method of device. Also, there is device link profile management method that can preserve primary color usually to color management method. Therefore, in this paper, refer ISO 15339 standards for color reproduction that is improved than existing in digital printing of toner base and experimented color management with device's default calibration method, gray balance management method, device link profile management method etc. We the result GLACoL2006 coated1 & ISO 15339 standards and primary color CIEL*a*b* value, solid density value, color difference & color gamut, TVL(Tone Value Loss) etc. that get into standard of commercial printing comparison analyze. The results were as follows: 1. Digital printing of toner base must set TVI & gray balance that is optimized through the initialization and calibration process of device in case of print using paper that is used to commercial printing. If do not this, color reappearance of digital printing can bring serious color tolerance. 2. Color conversion of PCS base that use ICC profile is necessary process to reduce color difference with commercial printing since calibration. But, color management of PCS base was limited to reduce color difference. Was useful for color reproduction that color management that inflect device link profile in experiment result is corrected. 3. When it is digital printing of toner base among 7 profile of reference printing condition presenting in ISO 15339 standards, was the most suitable to color gamut of CRPC5 and CRPC6.