암묵지전이 활성화를 위한 BSKT(Brokering Systems for tacit Knowledge Transfer)개발

홍종의 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2016 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.6 No.1

암묵지는 전이를 통해 증식되며, 가치 또한 증대된다. 암묵지 전이는 조직의 경쟁력 향상을 위한 가장 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있다. 암묵지 전이가 매우 중요함에도 불구하고, 암묵지 전이는 활발히 이루어지지 못하고 있다. 암묵지 전이를 방해하는 장벽이 암묵지 전이를 저해하고 있기 때문이다. 암묵지 전이를 방해하는 장벽은 지식과 지식전문가에 대한 이해부족, 업무 가중 및 미흡한 보상, 신뢰 부족과 지식 접착성(Knowledge Stickiness)이다. 암묵지 전이의 장벽을 극복하기 위해서는 암묵지 지식전이를 주도적으로 추진하는 대리인이 필요하다. 지식중개자는 암묵지 전이를 위한 근간이며, 효율적인 지식네트워크의 구축은 암묵지 전이를 위한 핵심성공요소이다. 그러나 지식네트워크 관련된 대부분의 연구는 네트워크의 근접성과 밀도, 중심성 등 기초지표를 활용하는 수준에 머무르고 있다. 암묵지 전이 활성화를 위한 새로운 지식중개인 진단 프레임워크가 필요하다. 따라서 사회연결망분석을 기반으로 조직관점 및 지식근로자관점의 암묵지 전이를 분석하고, 이를 기반으로 BSKT 구축안을 제시하고자 한다. The tacit knowledge transfer cultivate the value and mount of tacit knowledge. The tacit knowledge transfer plays the most important role for improving the competitiveness of the organization. Despite the tacit knowledge transfer is very important, the research related with tacit knowledge transfer has not been actively carried out. The barriers to tacit knowledge transfer interfere with the tacit knowledge transfer. The barriers to tacit knowledge transfer are lack of understanding knowledge experts, heavy over-work, insufficient compensation, trust shortage and knowledge stickiness. In order to overcome the barrier of the tacit knowledge transfer, it is necessary to promote knowledge broker. The knowledge broker is the foundation for the tacit knowledge transfer and the critical success factor for efficient tacit knowledge transfer. However, most research related on the knowledge broker had focused on the degree, centrality and density of the knowledge network. The framework is needed to performance indicator for diagnosing the tacit knowledge transfer. Therefore, we suggest the knowledge broker framework based on the social network analysis.

지식 네트워크에서 지식 전파 행위자 모형

박철순(Chul soon Park) 한국생산관리학회 2014 한국생산관리학회지 Vol.25 No.4

본 연구는 지식 네트워크에서 지식이 전파되는 행태를 행위자 기반 모형으로 모형화하였다. 이를 위해 선행 연구를 통해 지식 전파에 영향을 주는 요인들을 네트워크 속성, 기업 속성, 지식 속성으로 분류하였으며 이를 포괄하는 변수들을 도입한 모형을 제시하였다. 방대한 모의실험으로 얻은 데이터를 바탕으로 하여 지식의 암묵성을 중심으로 지식 전파에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 분석하였다. 그 결과 지식의 암묵성이 클수록 지식 네트워크의 전반적인 지식수준은 낮아졌으며 기업 간 지식 격차는 커짐을 확인했다. 내부 혁신 역량, 흡수 역량과 같이 기업 속성에 속하는 변수들은 지식 전파에 긍정적인 영향을 끼쳤는데, 이 관계를 지식의 암묵성이 조절함을 밝혔다. 즉, 내부 혁신 역량 또는 흡수 역량이 큰 기업일수록 지식수준이 높아지는데 암묵성이 큰 지식일수록 그 효과가 더 증가함을 확인한 것이다. This paper presents an agent-based model for knowledge diffusion on knowledge network. Based on literature review regarding knowledge network, the factors that affects the behavior of knowledge diffusion are classified as three categories: network-related, firm-related, and knowledge-related factors. The model adopts all three categories as driver of knowledge diffusion including the depreciation rate of knowledge (network-related), internal innovation capacity, absorptive capacity, learning capacity, degree centrality (thus far, firm-related), and tacitness of transferred knowledge (knowledge-related). This paper analyzes the effect of knowledge tacitness on knowledge diffusion based on large simulation runs. It shows that as the tacitness increases, the mean of knowledge level decreases, whereas the coefficient of variation among network members increases. Also, we find that the firm-related variables such as internal innovation capacity and absorptive capacity have a significantly positive effect on firm's knowledge level. We further find that the tacitness of transferred knowledge moderates the relationship between the firm-related variables and knowledge diffusion. It means that the positive effect of a firm's absorptive capacity (or internal innovation capacity) on its knowledge level increases as the tacitness of knowledge increases.

암묵지(暗默知)의 학습적 가치

신범석 ( Shin Bumseok ) 고려대학교 HRD정책연구소 2018 휴먼웨어 연구 Vol.1 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 Polanyi의 암묵지 연구를 중심으로 암묵지의 개념, 암묵지의 위계, 암묵지의 속성을 분석하여 학습적 가치를 분석하는 데에 있었다. 기업의 조직구성원들 중에는 20년 가까이 업무를 경험하면서 암묵지를 축적한 숙련자들이 있다. 그러한 숙련자들이 보유한 암묵지를 명시지화함으로써, 그냥두면 숙련자 개인이 가지고 사라질 수도 있는 암묵지를 조직지화한다. 조직은 조직지화를 통해 개인들이 보유한 숙련기술, 노하우, 실제지, 암묵지등을 조직의 지식으로 전환하고 이를 통해 조직의 전통과 역사가 이어지게 된다. 이처럼, 조직의 전통과 역사를 이어가는 중심에 ‘암묵지’가 있다. 겉으로 드러나지 않는 암묵지를 직접전수하거나 명시지로 전환하여 학습하는 과정을 통해 경험이 지식이 되고 지식이 후배 조직구성원들에게 공유된다. 연구결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 암묵지는 경험의 보고라는 점에서 경험기반의 학습콘텐츠로서 가치가 있고, 겉으로 드러나지 않는 속성때문에 구두설명보다는 직접시범이나 실제연습과 같은 방법으로 전수되는 특징을 가지고 있다. 더구나 암묵지는 반드시 암묵지를 보유한 숙련자를 통해서 전수된다는 점에서 숙련자를 어떻게 교수전달자로 할 것인지가 중요하다. 암묵지는 숙련자의 온몸에 보유되어 있어서 약간의 설명이나 신체일부를 동원한 연습 정도로는 전수되지 않는다. 즉 ‘온몸으로’ 배워야 한다. 그것이 손기술을 요하는 요리기술이라 하더라도 ‘온몸’이 투영되지 않으면 단순스킬에 불과하게 된다. 암묵지는 숙련자인 다양한 선배들과의 상호학습을 통해 습득하는 것이기에 공동체적 성격을 띤다. 이러한 지식공동체를 통해 조직이 하나의 ‘학습조직’이 되는 것이다. 숙련직원을 통해 축적되는 암묵지를 학습콘텐츠 및 학습창고로 소중하게 다루고 체계적으로 전수할수록 ‘학습조직’으로 발전하게 된다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the learning value by analyzing the tacit knowledge concept, the hierarchy of tacit knowledge, and the attribute of tacit knowledge, focusing on Polanyi's tacit knowledge study. Some of the organizational members of the company have experienced about 20 years of work experience and accumulated tacit knowledge. The tacit knowledge of the expert is clearly specified, and the tacit knowledge that the expert individual may disappear is organized. The organization transforms the skills, know-how, work experience, and tacit knowledge of individuals into organizational knowledge which leads to the organization's tradition and history. As such, there is a ‘tacit knowledge’ at the center of continuing the tradition and history of the organization. Experience is knowledge and knowledge is shared with the junior members through the process of transferring tacit knowledge or expressing it. The results of the study are summarized as follows. The tacit knowledge is valuable as a learning contents in that it is a treasure house of experience, and because of its unseen attributes, it has features that are handed down in the same way as demonstration or actual practice rather than oral explanation. Furthermore, the presence of the expert is important in that the tacit is transmitted through the expert who has the tacit knowledge. The tacit knowledge is held in the whole body of the expert, so it can not be passed on to the practice with some explanation or body part. In other words, we must learn ‘whole body’. Even if it is a cooking technique that requires a hand technique, if the ‘whole body’ is not projected, it becomes a simple skill. Tacitus is a communal character because it is acquired through mutual learning with various seniors who are experts. Through this knowledge community, the organization becomes a ‘learning organization’. Learning contents and learning warehouses are dealt with in tacit knowledge accumulated through the experts, and the systematic presentation of them leads to a ‘learning organization’.

암묵지의 형성을 위한 시 창작 체험 교육 시론(試論)

김혜진 ( Kim Hyejin ) 서울대학교 국어교육과 2021 先淸語文 Vol.49 No.-

This study assumes the concept of Polanyi’s tacit knowledge as a result of education and examines its potential in relation to the ontological aspects of learners under Heidegger in order for poetry creating education to be implemented more effectively, it is necessary to specify learners’ perceptions and experiences in the creative process. First of all, we shared a sense of problem that creative education and literary knowledge education should be reviewed and the essence of creative poetry should be reflected in the contents and methods of education, not the acquisition of techniques through imitation and practice and literary knowledge education shall be expanded to individual, definitive, and compositional knowledge education without bias toward theoretical and propositional knowledge education. In addition, the direction of this study was directed to the design of poetry creating experience education that allows learners to express their desire to express their thoughts in poetry, and the tacit knowledge found by learners as a literary genre of poetry was assumed as a goal of poetry creating experience education. In order to materialize learners’ perception in this poetry creating experience education, we need to reveal what poetry creating experience should be like, so we looked at main agent of creating at an ontological level according to Heidegger’s ‘In-der-Welf-sein’. The main agent of creating forms the world and reconstructs the self through relationships with others in poetic experience. These recognition activities are in line with the composition of ‘In-der-Welf-sein’ as extant beings who understand ‘Dasein’ through relationships with other beings in the world. At this time, Sein does not confront Dasein, but exists only as an understanding of Dasein, so human perception is personal and tacit as an experience and meaning in the world. From this point of view, poem created by Dasein lead to the discussion of Polanyi’s tacit knowledge because they are a world shaped by personal perception as a result. Tacit knowledge is a combination of theoretical and practical knowledge, which implies the possibility of an action that is internalized and executed in an individual, and this knowledge is linguized. In other words, tacit knowledge can be expressed as a creative poem. Therefore, this study believes that the formation of tacit knowledge is possible through poetry creating experience education, and designed education as a step of Provide intertextual material for poetry genres, exploring the problems of life that you want to express in poetry, interiorization experience through poetic language selection and arrangement, self-reflection signifying through sharing in creative poem. As such, this study identified the point that poetry creating education is meaningful in shaping learners’ personal knowledge, but the steps presented by this study promise follow-up research because they need to be embodied by examining aspects of learners’ actual creative experiences.

전시방문객이 추구하는 암묵지 유형 탐색: G-Star 방문객을 중심으로

정숙화,이재우 한국무역통상학회 2023 무역통상학회지 Vol.23 No.6

This research explores the role of exhibitions as platforms for knowledge sharing and acquisition in a knowledge-based society where knowledge holds a competitive advantage. It investigates the motives of exhibition visitors from a knowledge-oriented perspective, categorizing their reasons for participating in face-to-face interactive exhibition spaces as primarily driven by tacit knowledge acquisition, classified into ‘tacit knowledge of information and knowledge,’ ‘experience and participation,’ and ‘networking.’ A survey was conducted with ‘G-Star’ game show attendees(n=244) in Busan, and principal component analysis was employed to validate the three underlying factors of tacit knowledge. Additionally, differences in the pursuit of tacit knowledge were examined based on the characteristics of G-Star exhibition visitors(B2B, B2C). This study contributes to a better understanding of the significance of exhibitions in a knowledge-based society and offers essential insights into the goals and interests of exhibition participants.

글로벌 서비스 조직의 지식유형, 지식창출 및 성과에 관한 연구

이양복(Rhee, Yang Pok) 한국서비스경영학회 2016 한국서비스경영학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.5

Knowledge creating capability is recognized as organizational core competence for competitive advantage, especially in knowledge intensive service company. The objectives of this study is to examine the relationship of acquired knowledge types, knowledge creating capability and organizational performance in professional service organization. Knowledge types are divided into articulate and tacit knowledge. Based on PLS structural equation model analysis of 172 consultants survey of major global network management consulting organizations in Korea, key findings are as follows. First, articulate knowledge has no significant influences on knowledge creating capability. Second, tacit knowledge has positive significant impact on knowledge creating capability. Therefore, tacit knowledge has more relationship with knowledge creating capability rather than articulate knowledge. Third, tacit knowledge has strong influences on articulate knowledge. It means that articulate and tacit knowledge interact with each other. Finally, knowledge creating capability has strong positive impacts on both organizational financial and service performance. This study identified the importance of tacit knowledge for knowledge creating capability in knowledge intensive service organization. Especially, experiences and market insight are critical factors for knowledge creation, which lead to improve organizational innovation and performance. This results provides some strategic implications for effective knowledge management in professional service organization.

조직원의 심리적 지식 소유와 지식 은폐: 성과 분위기와 업무 상호의존성의 규칙

황인호 한국산학기술학회 2022 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.23 No.9

For an organization to achieve continuous performance through knowledge management, employees must actively participate and adopt knowledge-sharing behaviors. However, hard-earned knowledge is an important resource for self-performance, and thus, it is not easy to persuade individuals to share high-quality knowledge. We present mechanisms linking performance climate, psychological knowledge ownership, and knowledge hiding and explain how task interdependence mitigates knowledge hiding. We established hypotheses based on reviewing previous studies, obtained 399 samples by surveying selected subjects, and performed hypothesis testing using AMOS 22.0 and Process 3.1. As a result, performance climate was found to influence tacit and explicit knowledge hiding through psychological knowledge ownership, and task interdependence reduced knowledge hiding due to its interaction with psychological knowledge ownership. Our findings suggest the causes and conditions that mitigate knowledge hiding by employees and should help establish an organization's knowledge hiding supplementary strategy. 조직이 지식관리를 통해 지속적인 성과를 창출하기 위해서는 조직 구성원의 능동적인 참여 및 지식공유 행동이요구된다. 반면, 어렵게 확보된 지식은 개인의 성과 창출을 위한 중요 자원으로 인식되므로, 개인이 개별적으로 소유한고품질의 지식공유는 쉽지 않다. 본 연구는 조직원이 보유한 암묵적, 명시적 지식에 대한 은폐 행동은 심리적 지식 소유에 있다고 보고, 지식 소유에 영향을 주는 조직 환경 및 업무 조건을 다각적으로 제시한다. 특히, 연구는 성공 분위기, 심리적 지식 소유, 그리고 지식 은폐 간의 매커니즘을 밝히고, 업무 상호의존성이 지식 은폐를 완화하는 방법을 제시한다. 본 연구는 선행연구를 통해 가설을 도출하였으며, 선정한 설문 대상에게 설문을 수행하여 399개의 표본을 확보하였다. AMOS 22.0과 Process 3.1을 활용한 가설 검증을 수행한 결과, 성과 분위기는 심리적 지식 소유를 매개로 암묵적, 명시적 지식 은폐에 영향을 주었다. 또한, 업무 상호의존성은 심리적 지식 소유와 상호작용 효과를 가져, 심리적 지식소유의 부정적 영향을 감소시켰다. 연구 결과는 조직원의 지식 은폐 원인과 완화 조건을 제시하였기 때문에, 조직이 지식은폐 보완 전략을 수립하는데 기여한다.

지식유출 의도의 내재적 및 외재적 요인에 대한 연구: 암묵적 지식 관점에서

김용태,구윤모,이재남 한국지식경영학회 2019 지식경영연구 Vol.20 No.4

In the rapidly changing business environment, knowledge has been recognized as a core asset for sustaining an organization’s competitive advantage. In addition, knowledge sharing is one of the key elements of knowledge management, emphasizing external knowledge sharing beyond initial internal knowledge sharing. However, while knowledge management research emphasizes knowledge sharing, which is a positive aspect, research on preventing knowledge leakage that can have negative consequences is relatively lacking. Companies have tried to minimize the negative effects of knowledge management but many knowledge leakage accidents are still occurring. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effects of external factors based on deterrence theory and internal factors based on self-determination theory on knowledge leakage intention focusing on tacit knowledge. The results of the empirical analysis of 100 data sets collected through a scenario-based survey show that certainty of sanctions, social disapproval, and competence are found to have a significant effect on reducing tacit knowledge leakage intention. Furthermore, informal sanctions have a greater impact on tacit knowledge leakage intention than formal sanctions and external factors have a greater effect on tacit knowledge leakage intention than internal factors.

정보기술혁신 과정에 있어 암묵지 분류와 공유방안

백상용 대한경영학회 2003 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.16 No.6

This study attempts to propose ways to manage and share tacit knowledge in the process of IT Innovation. In order to deal with tacit knowledge, first of all, a classification framework of tacit knowledge is developed based on the content of knowledge and the ontology of knowledge. Four types of tacit knowledge presented in the study are: technical-individual, technical-collective, cognitive-individual and cognitive-collective. Next, various types of tacit knowledge involved during the implementation process of IT innovation is explained such as Organizing Vision, Spirit and tacit IT knowledge. Classifying the tacit knowledge relevant to IT innovation according to the tacit knowledge framework, this study shows how to view the IT innovation process as learning and knowledge sharing process and how to manage and share each type of the tacit knowledge in implementing IT innovation.

지식공유-지식창출-기업성과 간 관계에 대한 지식유형의 의미

위신란(XinRan Yu),양오석(Oh-Suk Yang) 한국전략경영학회 2018 전략경영연구 Vol.21 No.1

이 글의 목적은 두 가지이다. 하나는 지식기반 관점에서 명시적, 암묵적 지식유형에 따른 지식공유가 지식창출, 기업 전사적 성과 및 해외자회사 성과와의 관계에서 나타내는 차이점을 고찰하는 것이다. 다른 하나는 지식창출이 지식공유-성과 간 관계를 매개하는 효과와 강도를 비교하였다. 이를 위해 중국에 진출한 글로벌 기업의 해외자회사 구성원들을 대상으로 수집한 538개 설문자료를 이용하여 구조방정식 모형으로 실증분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과에 따른 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 암묵적 지식공유와 명시적 지식공유 모두 지식창출에 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 가운데 명시적 지식공유의 성과 개선 효과가 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 명시적 지식공유는 기업 전사적 성과에 대해 양(+)의 영향을 미치고 해외자회사 성과에 대해서는 영향을 미치지 않는 반면 암묵적 지식공유는 기업전사적 성과와 해외자회사 성과 모두에게 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 암묵적 지식공유와 명시적 지식공유가 성과에 미치는 영향은 지식창출의 매개효과를 통해 모두 확대된다. 넷째, 해외자회사 성과에 대한 지식창출의 매개효과는 명시적 지식공유가 더 크고, 기업 전사적 성과에 대한 지식창출의 매개효과는 암묵적 지식공유가 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. This paper examines the different implications of knowledge sharing according to knowledge type in knowledge creation, the performance of MNCs, and foreign subsidiary performance and examines the mediating effect of knowledge creation between them. Then we explored the mediating strength from the Knowledge-Based View (KBV). For this purpose, we conducted a survey of 589 employees of foreign subsidiaries of MNCs that went into China. Except for unfavorable respondents we used 538 to analyze the structural equation model. The key analysis findings are as follows: First, both explicit knowledge sharing and tacit knowledge sharing have a positive effect on knowledge creation, and the effect of explicit knowledge sharing is greater. Second, only the explicit knowledge sharing has a positive effect on the performance of overall MNCs and the tacit knowledge sharing has no effect on it and neither explicit knowledge sharing nor tacit knowledge sharing has on effect on the foreign subsidiary performance. Third, the effect on the performance of overall MNCs and the foreign subsidiary performance of tacit knowledge sharing and explicit knowledge sharing all extend through the mediating effect of knowledge creation. Forth, in the implication of foreign subsidiary performance, the mediating strength of knowledge creation on explicit knowledge sharing is greater than tacit knowledge sharing but in the implication of the performance of overall MNCs, it shows that the mediating strength of knowledge creation on tacit knowledge sharing is greater than explicit knowledge sharing.