미생물혼합제제 처리가 토양의 미생물상과 화학적 특성 및 시설 채소 생육에 미치는 영향

류일환 ( Il Hwan Ryu ),정수지 ( Su Ji Jeong ),한성수 ( Seong Soo Han ) 한국환경농학회 2012 한국환경농학회지 Vol.31 No.4

BACKGROUND: The urgency of feeding the world`s growing population while combating soil pollution, salinization and desertification requires suitable biotechnology not only to improve crop productivity but also to improve soil health through interactions of soil nutrient and soil microorganism. Interest in the utilization of microbial fertilizer has increased. A principle of nature farming is to produce abundant and healthy crops without using chemical fertilizer and pesticides, and without interrupting the natural ecosystem. Beneficial microorganisms may provide supplemental nutrients in the soil, promote crop growth, and enhance plant resistance against pathogenic microorganisms. We mixed beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus sp. Han-5 with anti-fungal activities, Trichoderma harziaum, Trichoderma longibrachiatum with organic material degrading activity, Actinomycetes bovis with antibiotic production and Pseudomonas sp. with nitrogen fixation. This study was carried out to investigate the mixtures on the soil microflora and soil chemical properties and the effect on the growth of lettuce and cucumber under greenhouse conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS: The microbial mixtures were used with each of organic fertilizer, swine manure and organic+swine manure and compared in regard to changes in soil chemical properties, soil microflora properties and crop growth. At 50 days after the treatment of microorganism mixtures, the pH improved from 5.8 to 6.3, and the EC, NO3-Na and K decreased by 52.4%, 60.5% and 29.3%, respectively. The available P2O5 and SiO2 increased by 25.9% and 21.2%, respectively. Otherwise, the population density of fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. was accelerated and the growth of vegetables increased. Moreover, the population density of E. coli and Fusarium sp., decreased remarkably. The ratio of bacteria to fungi (B/F) and the ratio of Actinomycetes bovis to fungi (A/F) increased 2.3 (from 272.2 to 624.4) and 1.7 times (from 38.3 to 64), respectively. Furthermore, the growth and yield of cucumber and lettuce significantly increased by the treatment of microorganism mixtures. CONCLUSION(S): These results suggest that the treatment of microorganism mixtures improved the chemical properties and the microflora of soil and the crop growth. Therefore, it is concluded that the microorganism mixtures could be good alternative soil amendments to restore soil nutrients and soil microflora.

유기농 옥수수밭에서 경운이 토양 유기물 함량 및 미생물군집에 미치는 영향

안달래,안난희,김다혜,한병학,유재홍,박인철,안재형 한국환경농학회 2020 한국환경농학회지 Vol.39 No.1

BACKGROUND: Soil carbon sequestration has been investigated for a long time because of its potential to mitigate the greenhouse effect. No- or reduced tillage, crop rotations, or cover crops have been investigated and practiced to sequester carbon in soils but the roles of soil biota, particularly microorganisms, have been mostly ignored although they affect the amount and stability of soil organic matters. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study we analyzed the organic matter and microbial community in organically cultivated corn field soils where no-tillage (NT) or conventional tillage (CT) had been practiced for about three years. The amounts of organic matter and recalcitrant carbon pool were 18.3 g/kg dry soil and 4.1 g C/kg dry soil, respectively in NT soils, while they were 12.4 and 2.5, respectively in CT soils. The amounts of RNA and DNA, and the copy numbers of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fungal ITS sequences were higher in NT soils than in CT soils. No-tillage treatment increased the diversities of soil bacterial and fungal communities and clearly shifted the bacterial and fungal community structures. In NT soils the relative abundances of bacterial phyla known as copiotrophs, Betaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, increased while those known as oligotrophs, Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, decreased compared to CT soils. The relative abundance of a fungal phylum, Glomeromycota, whose members are known as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, was about two time higher in NT soils than in CT soils, suggesting that the higher amount of organic matter in NT soils is related to its abundance. CONCLUSION: This study shows that no-tillage treatment greatly affects soil microbial abundance and community structure, which may affect the amount and stability of soil organic matter. .

Comparative Analysis of Microbial Community Characteristic of Acidic and Neutral Soils in Korean Orchards

김도현,주호종,원항연,문지영,홍수영,안현모,윤여욱,김효진,이소연,김지원,한은희,김상윤,이은진 한국토양비료학회 2023 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.56 No.4

Soil microorganism is one of the most important factors in evaluating and improving soil quality because they play a crucial role in the soil material circulation. They are closely correlated with soil environmental factors, and in particular, soil pH has a significant impact on the microbial community. This study aimed to examine the relationship between microbial communities and soil pH in orchard soil of the Republic of Korea. Microbial communities of 63 sites with neutral soil pH (pH 6 - 7) and 26 sites with acidic soil pH (pH 3 - 5) were analyzed targeting 16S rRNA and ITS genes through Illumina Miseq platform. Our analyses showed that bacterial richness and diversity and fungal richness in neutral soil were significantly higher than those in acidic soil (p < 0.001). According to PCoA and PERMANOVA, the microbial communities were significantly different in two soil groups, and ANCOM-BC showed high abundance of 16 bacterial and 15 fungal genera in neutral soil. Lastly, 9 genera, including Terrimonas, Povalibacter and Gp taxa, were identified as hub genera that have a significant impact on other microbial taxa in neutral soil. These results indicated that soil pH is a critical determinant of microbial communities and can serve as an indicator soil quality monitoring and evaluation.

土壤微生物劑處理가 施設 여름 무의 收量에 미치는 影響

金炅濟,金碩均 東國大學校 1998 東國論叢 Vol.37 No.-

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of soil microorganisms on yield of radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Six soil microorganisms. MPK+Husk+Palma, Husk+Plama. MPK+Compost, Compost, Bio livestock cattle system (BLCS) cattle dropping, and Tomi, were used. All of the soil microorganism treatments were significantly increased total weight, root weight, root length, and root width of radish. MPK+Husk+Plama treated plot was the most effective than any other treatments. Compost and MPK+Compost treatments showed higher concentration of T-N in plant than other soil microorganism treatments. BLCS cattle dropping and MPK+Husk+Palma treatments showed higher Mn. Tomi, Compost, and BLCS cattle dropping treatments showed higher Zn. In a chemical components of soil, concentrations of P and K were increased with Tomi treatment, however, the other concentrations of soil chemical components were not different. In a microbial properties of soil. Tomi, Husk+Palma, and MPK+Husk+Palma treatments increased in the number of total bacteria and bacilli. Tomi treatment increased in the number of actinomycetes and fungi. The other microbial properties of soil showed no differences. It would be assumed that yield increase of radish might be due to the beneficial microbial properties, therefore, those would increase yields of radish.

Impacts of Soil Microbial Populations on Soil Chemical and Biological Properties under Tropical Dry Evergreen Forest, Coromandel Coast, India

Sudhakaran M,Ramamoorthy D,Swamynathan B,Ramya J 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2014 Journal of Forest Science Vol.30 No.4

There are very few studies about soil chemical and biological properties under tropical dry evergreen forest Coromandel Coast, India. The present study was conducted in six tropical dry evergreen forests sites such as Oorani, Puthupet, Vadaagram, Kotthatai, Sendrakillai and Palvathunnan. We measured the quantity of soil chemical, biological properties and selected soil microorganisms for investigating the impacts of soil microbial populations on soil chemical and biological properties. The result showed that total N, P, Ca, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, Co, exchangeable K, Olson P, extractable Ca and phosphobacterial population were higher in the soil from Kothattai forest site. Organic carbon, total Mg, extractable Na, soil respiration, β-glucosidase activity, bacterial population, fungi population and actinomycetes population were higher in the soil from Palvathunn forest site. Total K, NH4 +-N, NO3 −-N, exchangeable K, extractable Ca, extractable Na, azotobacter population, bacillus population and rhizobacteria population were higher in the soil from Sendrakillai. Beijerinckia population, rhizobacteria and soluble sodium were higher in Puthupet forest soil. Total Si, total Na and exchangeable K were higher in soil from Oorani forest site. Total Mo and exchangeable K were higher in the soil from Vadaagaram forest site. The results showed that organic carbon, total N, NH4 +-N, NO3 −-N, extractable P, extractable Ca, soil respiration and β-glucosidase were significantly correlated with soil microbial populations. Therefore soil microorganisms are important factor for maintaining soil quality in tropical dry evergreen forest.

유용한 바실러스의 토양 접종에 따른 토착 세균 군집의 변화

김이슬 ( Yiseul Kim ),김상윤 ( Sang Yoon Kim ),안주희 ( Ju Hee An ),상미경 ( Mee Kyung Sang ),원항연 ( Hang-yeon Weon ),송재경 ( Jaekyeong Song ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.46 No.3

Beneficial microorganisms are widely used in the forestry, livestock, and, in particular, agricultural sectors to control soilborne diseases and promote plant growth. However, the industrial utilization of these microorganisms is very limited, mainly due to uncertainty concerning their ability to colonize and persist in soil. In this study, the survival of beneficial microorganisms in field soil microcosms was investigated for 13 days using quantitative PCR with B. subtilis group-specific primers. Bacterial community dynamics of the treated soils were analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene amplicon sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform. The average 16S rRNA gene copy number per g dry soil of Bacillus spp. was 4.37 × 106 after treatment, which was 1,000 times higher than that of the control. The gene copy number was generally maintained for a week and was reduced thereafter, but remained 100 times higher than that of the control. Bacterial community analysis indicated that Acidobacteria (26.3 ± 0.9%), Proteobacteria (24.2 ± 0.5%), Chloroflexi (11.1 ± 0.4%), and Actinobacteria (9.7 ± 2.5%) were abundant phyla in both treated and non-treated soils. In the treated soils, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria was lower, whereas those of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were higher compared to the control. Differences in total relative abundances of operational taxonomic units belonging to several genera were observed between the treated and non-treated soils, suggesting that inoculation of soil with the Bacillus strains influenced the relative abundances of certain groups of bacteria and, therefore, the dynamics of resident bacterial communities. These changes in resident soil bacterial communities in response to inoculation of soil with beneficial Bacillus spp. provide important information for the use of beneficial microorganisms in soil for sustainable agriculture.

미생물제재 처리에 의한 토양 미생물상의 변화 및 배추와 토마토의 생장에 미치는 영향

김지모,김철승,김현주,문병주,이재헌,이진우 한국생명과학회 2002 생명과학회지 Vol.12 No.5

유기물이 풍부한 토양에서 분리한 Bacillus coagulans DL-1을 사용하여 미생물제재를 제조하고 미생물제재의 처리가 배추와 토마토 재배 토양의 미생물상에 미치는 영향과 배추와 토마토의 생장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 일정한 시간이 지난 후, 미생물제재를 처리한 배추와 토마토 재배 토양의 총균수는 미생물제재를 처리하지 않은 토양에 비하여 4.4~10.6 배가 증가하였다. 미생물제재를 처리한 토양의 미생물 수는 제재를 처리하지 않은 공시작물 재배 토양에 비하여 세균뿐만 아니라 방선균, 곰팡이 및 트리코데마도 일정한 비율로 증가하였다. 미생물제재를 처리한 토양에서 자란 배추의 생체중량, 배추잎의 넓이 및 개수는 무 처리구에 비해서 21.5%, 10.6%, 10.0% 가 증가하였다. 미생물제재를 처리한 토양에서 자란 토마토 열매의 생체중량, 근장으로 뿌리를 곧게 편 후 최장길이 및 열매의 직경은 무처리구에 비하여 30.4%, 10.6%, 10.% 가 증가하였다. 미생물제재를 처리한 토양은 처리하지 않은 토양에 비하여 전체적인 미생물 수의 증가와 유용한 종류의 미생물이 상대적으로 높게 증가하기 때문에 배추와 토마토의 성장이 높은 것으로 생각된다. Effect of the microbial product, which consisted of Bacillus coagulans DL-1 and rice bran, on the microorganisms in soil and growth of cabbage and tomato was investigated. Bacillus congulans DL-1 was isolated form the soil and identified in this study. Total number of microorganisms in the soil treated with the microbial product was higher than the untreated soil. The growth of cabbage and tomato on the soil treated with microbial product was faster than that on the untreated soil. The treatment of microbial product in the soil resulted in the increase of useful microorganisms, which seemed to enhance the growth of cabbage and tomato. It seemed that microbial product can increase the number of certain microorganisms and change the ratio of different species of microorganisms.

Vitalization of Soil Microorganisms and Mitigation of Cold Stress of Plants Utilizing Ambrosia trifida L.

Ji Yeon KWON 국제과학영재학회 2016 APEC Youth Scientist Journal Vol.8 No.2

Ambrosia trifida L. is a problematic, invasive species. Various methods have been used for its removal, but the proliferation could hardly be arrested. Since the most effective way of dealing with invasive species is promoting consumption by developing new channels, this research was carried out. This study intends to see whether carbon-containing Ambrosia acts as an energy source that vitalizes soil microbes when given in cold stress exposed plants’ soil. Lettuce plants were chosen for the experiments. The soil microbes were classified, and after switching the environment from low to room temperature, it was found that the absorbance of all soil microbes and chlorophyll were higher in soil and lettuce from the Ambrosia treated group. This study shows that Ambrosia slices provide nutrients required for soil microbes to survive at low temperature as well as to promote the growth of plants. By applying such results, it is possible to reduce annual crop damages caused by cold stress and provide a solution for the removal of Ambrosia.

산성비가 토양미생물에 미치는 영향

김갑정,임진아,박성주,문형태,박경량,이인수,Kim, Gab-Jung,Lim, Jin-A,Park, SeongJoo,Mun, Hyeong-Tae,Park, Kyeong-Ryang,Lee, In-Soo 한국생명과학회 1998 생명과학회지 Vol.8 No.3

In order to clarify the effects of acid rain on soil microorganisms, the inpact of acid to soil microorganisms was survyed for 14 weeks using soil microcosms from industrial site A and B, Gaejok mountain, and Daechong lake in Taejeon area. The acid tolerant-microorganisms in natural soil, using culturing method were counted to be 5.8 - $8.0{\times}10^6$CFU/g soil. The number of microorganisms using ATP-biomass analysis for natural soil samples were also analyzed and 2.2 - $2.6{\times}10^9$ cell/g soil in industrial site A and B, Gaejok mountain, and Daechong lake were determined. In soil samples, which were treated with artificial acid rain, the number of acid tolerant microorganisms were counted 2.9 - $5.8{\times}10^5$ and 2.8 - $7.5{\times}10^8$, respectively. Therefore, we conformed that the numver of soil microorganisms were influenced by acid rain. Also, long term acid tolerant microorganisms were identified as Rhodotorula sp. and Pseudomonas sp.

기술논문(技術論文) : 옥상정원 활성화에 유용한 토질영양제에 대한 연구

김기은 ( Gi Eun Kim ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2015 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.18 No.4

Recently the roof gardening has become very popular and even on the apartment-veranda and on the roofs in high buildings many kinds of vegetables and berries are cultivated. And the demand of the nutritional supplement for the effective plant growth is also increasing. The general urban conditions are to be adapted for plant growth. A different hygroscopic and temperature-conditions after regions, sunshine and wind have strong influences on the plant growth and usually it is not optimal enough. It is because why a nutritional condition in soil for plant growth so important and essential. The usual compound-soil or -fertilizer cannot offer enough quantities of nutrients for plant growth and additional soil conditioner becomes more necessary. There are many kinds of soil conditioners like hydrogel in the market and we studied on Geohumus, Montigel and Geko, which are widely used in Europe and other countries. Water absorption and microbial immobilization with effective microorganisms were tested and compared. The EM solution was identified as bacteria, fungi and azotobacter etc. and they were immobilized at the soil conditioners at first. And the cultivated and immobilized at the soil conditioners EM-solution was added to the plant soil. 1 g of the soil conditioners absorbed ca. 20 g of water. The plant grew 10 cm more, got 3 times more branches and 2 times more fruits in the soil with soil conditioners immobilized with microorganisms. With water addition the plant with both conditions in the soil could stay fresh in comparison to without soil conditioners.