스마트폰 이용에 관한 사용자만족 결정요인 분석

서윤규 한국기업경영학회 2013 기업경영연구 Vol.20 No.3

It is no exaggeration to say that 2010 is ‘the year of a smart phone’ in the IT industry throughout the world. Especially, it made a great contribution to increased use of SNS (Social Network Services) such as Facebook, Twitter etc., and enabled the use of the internet using the smart phone at any time, by which has made us experience a new mobile life different from PCs and lap tops. Smart phone gives us a very important and interesting research topics, which is to find and prove the factors influencing the purchase and exchange churn and recommendation intentions. In particular, for the mobile communication providers expecting of the emergence of a new market due to reduced new subscribers in the rapidly pacing IT industrial related management environment. Smart phone with general purpose operating system, various data communication and many types of applications are much functions. it has a various functions such as phone, internet, SNS, and mobile banking etc. This thesis starts with the intention of looking into its effect customers’ selection of smart phone, and the hope of the results being helpful for smart phone companies’ establishment of managerial strategy. The purpose of this study is to search determinants which affect the increase in the user acceptance, satisfaction, Churn and Recommendation Intentions of smart phone and aims to ascertain how portability experience and conversion intention in the mobile phone (smart phone) selection would have an effort on the selection of the firms, achieved in a new competition structure in the same market. The study examined into the trend of each smart phone company as to satisfaction and factors influencing resultant repurchase or churn intention affecting factors and investigates how smart phone users evaluate the quality of the mobile services domestic firms such as SKT, Olleh, and LGU+ provide. It also examines the determinants for the customers’ satisfaction of the mobile services. The smart phone was a new chance to expand their market, and for the users, it provided convenience such as very comfortable and useful functions in that they can deal with routine businesses using internet search like e-mail, banking business, and office program as a computer in hand. In particular Banking Industry believe smart phone will bring fundamental changes in banking services as the internet did, and proactive responded to the change by quickly offering services for various types of smart phone. Given smart phone market mechanism, it is vital to improve commodity design, function or service quality, create new demand, and expand market scale for consumers’ welfare, industry’s constant competition and progress, and significant to work out a strategy to maintain existing customers. Logistic regression analysis results to churn intention, statically significant factors were indicated to be input convenience, SNS convenience, design, and improvement patch. Recommendation intention significant factors were indicated to be application convenience, input convenience, SNS convenience, battery capacity, design, and improvement patch. Expanding the IT market through the smart phone supplied a chance to compete in the new communication market for program producers including service providers, terminal manufacturers, increasing market shares by attracting new customers is getting really tough for the domestic smart phone firms who also face immense competition from smart phone providers, such as apple, motorola and nokia and gave a chance to experience convenient and rapid communication for clients. This thesis tried to confirm criteria of selection related to users’ satisfaction in respect with this service selection. 스마트폰은 기존의 전 세계 이동통신시장의 커다란 변화를 가져왔다. 기존 이동통신서비스는 노키아, 모토로라, 삼성전자 등 휴대폰 제조업체가 제공하는 단말기의 기능에 한정된 서비스를 이용하였다. 스티븐 잡스의 아이폰의 등장은 기존의 이동통신서비스에 대한 기대와 수준을 한층 발전시켰다. 소비자가 원하고 희망하는 서비스에 대한 어플리케이션의 개발과 지원은 서비스 사용자가 생각했던 서비스가 지원되는 사용자 중심의 시장으로 변화되었음을 의미하는 것이다. 스마트폰의 사용은 최근 사회적 이슈나 소통의 핵심이 되고 있는 Facebook, 트위터 등의 사회관계망서비스(social network service; SNS) 사용자 급증에 가장 큰 공헌을 하였고, 언제 어디서나 스마트폰을 이용한 인터넷의 사용을 가능하게 하여 PC와 노트북과는 다른 새로운 모바일 생활을 가능하게 하였다. 특히 빠른 속도로 변화하는 IT관련 경영환경 속에서 스마트폰은 이동통신업체들에게는 신규 가입자 감소에 급감에 새로운 시장의 출현을 기대하던 있어서는 시장확대의 새로운 기회를 제공하였으며, 사용자들에게는 손 안의 컴퓨터로서 이메일 등 인터넷 검색, 은행업무, 오피스 프로그램을 활용한 일상적인 개인적인 업무까지 처리할 수 있게 하였다. 이 연구는 스마트폰 사용에 있어 사용자들의 편리성, 유용성 및 이동통신산업에 미치는 스마트폰의 영향력과 이러한 서비스의 선택과 관련된 사용자의 만족에 영향을 주는 요인들을 확인하고자 하였다. 스마트폰의 선택에 있어 전환의도와 추천의도를 중심으로 이동통신서비스 만족도가 클수록 전환의도는 낮아지고, 추천의도는 높아질 것이라는 가설을 중심으로 학생과 직장인을 중심으로 실증분석하였다.

스마트폰 소비에 대한 연구

전상민(Sangmin Jun) 호서대학교 사회과학연구소 2014 社會科學硏究 Vol.33 No.1

현대 정보화 사회의 하나의 표상인 스마트폰은 소비자에게 통화 기능 외,정보와 재미,편리함을 제공하는 컨버전스 제품으로,최근 스마트폰에 대한소비자와 시장의 관심이 높고,스마트폰으로 인한 소비자의 일상생활 변화가 주목받고 있다. 본 연구는 스마트폰의 주 이용자인 2.30대 남녀소비자를 대상으로 스마트폰에 대한 소비자의 특성과 소비행태를 파악하고 이를 일반휴대폰의 소비와 비교함으로써 스마트 혁명이라고도 불리는 스마트폰 소비에 대해 심도 있게 논하고,소비자지향적인 스마트폰 소비를 위한 제언을 하고자하였다. 본 연구 결과,스마트폰은 기존의 휴대폰 소비영역을 확대하여 소비자의 생활을 편리하게 해주고,즐겁게 해주며,도와주는 역할을 함으로써 소비자에게 통신기기 외,정보•생활 기기로서 인식 및 활용되고 있다. 단,기존 휴대폰과 마찬가지로 통신 기능이 가장 주된 이용 기능으로 나타나 통신서비스 품질관리에 대한 지속적인 관심과 노력이 전제되어야 한다. 스마트폰에 대한 소비자의니즈는 높았으나,높은 구입 금액과 통신 요금으로 인해 현재까지는 소득이 높고, 회사원이나 전문직에 종사하는 소비자들을 중심으로 보급이 되어 있다. 향후 스마트폰에 대한 구입의사가 매우 높아 빠른 시장 확대가 예상되나,비용적 인 부분(구입 가격,통신 요금)에 대한 소비자 만족도가 낮아 스마트폰의 보급이 확대되는 단계에 따라 구입 금액과 통신 요금이 조정이 검토되어야 한다. 스마트폰은 일반휴대폰과 달리 자기표현,타자승인의 도구로 인식되고 있고, 유명하고 비싼 제품에 대한 선호도가 높아 과시, 동조, 과소비 등의 비합리적 소비행동과 연결될 우려가 있다. 또한, 현재 스마트폰은 실용적 기능보 다는 오락적 기능에 대한 활용도가 높아 문제로 지적된다. 따라서 소비자는 어떤 유형의 휴대폰이 본인에게 적합한 제품인지 판단하여 합리적으로 휴대폰 구매를 결정해야 하고,스마트폰을 이용할 때에는 실용적 기능과 오락적기능을 모두 충분히 활용하되, 스마트폰에 대한 중독소비와 이로 인한 경제적손실은 예방할 수 있어야 한다. 이를 위해서는 합리적인 휴대폰 선택 및 스마트폰 사용법에 대한 소비자교육과 홍보, 그리고 보다 사용하기 쉬운 사용자 인터페이스 개발을 위한 업체의 노력이 필요하다. Smart phone is the symbol of this information society and it provides both information and entertainment for consumers. There has been much attention towards the consumption of smart phone since 2009, when Apple s smart phone, iPhone 3G, had its debut in Korea Also, new functions of smart phone has changed consumers life style. However, so far, few studies in the consumer behavior field have suggested the consumption of smart phone. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the current smart phone consumption, and to examine the characteristics of smart phone owners. To do that, this study made a comparative study with consumption of feature phone, and conducted a consumer survey by mail between September and October 2010. A purposive stratified sample of smart phone owners(N=200) and feature phone owners(N=200),aged between 20-39 and living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-dᄋ, was used This study analyzed two parts* (a) consumption behaviors and attitudes of smart phone owners and feature phone owners(e.g., motivation for purchasing, price paid, place of using, satisfaction levels, purchase intention); and (b) the characteristics of smart phone and feature phone owners including their demographic characteristics(e.g., occupation and household income) and consumption style on mobile phone(e.g., economic efficiency seeking/value consumption, self-expressing/self-image, and innovation seeking). The findings of this study present that smart phone owners bought their mobile phones because of preference on various applications and curiosity about new functions of smart phone. Compared with them, feature phone owners bought thenmobile phones because of their preference on design and brand name of feature phone. Before purchasing, smart phone owners considered the performance and convenience of smart phone, and feature phone owners considered the price of feature phone. In general, when smart phone owners decided what to buy, all items(e.g., performance, design, and price) were important considerations. It shows that smart phone is high-involvement product for consumers. Average price of smart phone was 210,100 won, which was about twice higher compared to the price of feature phone(115,300 won). Smart phone owners used various functions frequently; not only call and SMS but also web searching, game, and GPS. Also, they used their smart phones for 5.39 hours a day and paid 68,200 won a month as their phone bills. In contrast, feature phone owners used a few functions frequently; call and SMS, the basic functions of a mobile phone, and used their feature phones for 3.32 hours a day paying 45,800 won a month. Respondents including both smart phone owners and feature phone owners answered that mobile phones connected themselves with their family and friends, and without mobile phones they felt uncomfortable. Comparing to feature phone owners, smart phone owners responded that smart phone entertained themselves, and were precious assistant. All consumers responded that they were satisfied with their mobile phones for the most part(e.g., quality of call, performance, brand, after-sales service). But smart phone owners were dissatisfied with the prices of their phones and phone bills. Contrary to them, feature phone owners were dissatisfied with internet services of their phones. The findings showed that 90% of smart phone owners and 72% of feature phone owners wanted to buy smart phones in the future. There were significant differences of demographic characters and consumption style on mobile phone between smart phone owners and feature phone owners. Household income of smart phone owners(4,166,500 won a month) was higher than that of feature phone owners(3,622,900 won a month). The rate of office workers and professionals among smart phone owners was higher than that of feature phone owners. In terms of consumption style on mobile phone, comparing to feature phone owners, smart phone owners enjoyed usi

스마트폰 중독 정도와 한국형 청소년 자기행동평가척도와의 상관성에 대한 연구

서창민(Chang Min Seo),이종훈(Jonghun Lee),최태영(Tae Young Choi),김지현(Jihyun H. Kim),신임희(Imhee Shin),우정민(Jungmin Woo) 대한생물치료정신의학회 2012 생물치료정신의학 Vol.18 No.2

Objectives:Recent years, the smart-phone usage has been rapidly increased. While it gave us many conveniences and be-nefits, the adverse effects also came to emerge and threatened individual’s mental health. Especially, its overusage in the adolescents can have substantial impact on their psychosocial development. We aim to evaluate the psychopathologies of the adolescents according to smart-phone addiction level, by using the Korea-Youth Self Report. Methods:We selected four high schools within Daegu, Korea. Among the smart-phone users, 276 subjects were enrolled. The severity of addiction was measured through ‘2010 Smart-phone Addiction Rating Scales’ guided by the Korean Internet & Security Agency. The psychopathologies of the subjects were evaluated with the Korea-Youth Self Report. Results:The total score of the Smart-phone Addiction Rating Scales and the total problematic behavior score of Korea- Youth Self Report showed a positive correlation(r=.412, p<0.001). The group with more severely addicted showed higher T-scores on the nine of eleven subscales of the Korea-Youth Self Report[somatic complaints(p<0.05), anxiety/ depression(p<0.01), thought problems(p<0.01), attention problems(p<0.001), delinquency(p<0.001), aggressiveness(p <0.001), inter- nalizing problems(p<0.001), externalizing problems(p<0.001), total problematic behaviors(p<0.001)]. Among the contents and situations of smart-phone usage, utilizing the smart-phone for Social Network Services(OR : 1.83 ; 95% CI :1.29-2.59) and situations of smart-phone usage like ‘in bedtime’(OR : 1.52, 95% CI :1.04-2.23), ‘at bathroom’(OR : 1.84, 95% CI :1.28-2.65) w-ere risk factors for high level group of smart-phone addiction. Conclusions:We suggest that smart-phone addiction level is related to compromised psychological well-being of the adolescences. Also, Specific purpose and situations of smart-phone usages are associated to smart-phone addiction level. In the future, if more obvious psychopathologies and risk factors are grasped, it may be helpful in screening and intervention of high risk adolescent to smart-phone addiction.

스마트폰의 소비가치와 소비만족도에 관한 연구

한성희 ( Sung Hee Han ) 한국소비자학회 2011 소비자학연구 Vol.22 No.3

This study analyses the usage pattern and the consumption satisfaction and usage value of the smart phone users of the age of 20~40s. The socio-demographic factor, the usage pattern and the usage value of smart phone were selected as the elements affecting consumer satisfaction factors on smart phones. The difference between groups and its relative influences were analyzed with those elements. The results of this study were as follows; First, internet was the most favorite information source of purchasing of smart phones, and the information usage from the sales clerks and the articles on magazine or newspapers were ranked low. The information from the internet is filled with diverse information from commercial usage such as PR or advertising to comments from smart phone users. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the internet sites that consumers use and to analyze the specific contents of the information. Compared to receiving detailed information from other sources, consumers relatively rely lower on the information given from sales clerks. It means consumers need to receive useful product information and not just information that has commercial related intentions from product sellers. An in-depth analysis of the product information given to consumers before purchasing smart phones could contribute to consumers being more effectively informed and receiving detailed product information they wish to learn more about from different information sources. The 50% or more of smart phone users used their phones in the transportation or along/on the streets. The surfing web-site or searching information and entertainments were measured as the main functions of the smart phone usage. Consumers who use smart phones on average of two hours or less per day is the highest ranked which is about 36%. And also, consumers who use smart phones three hours or more show to be about 17%. A monthly average of the phone charge was 71,500. Second, A factor analysis results of smart phone usage extracted two factors of the enjoyment value and differentiate/symbolic value. The usage value of the smart phone showed difference between groups according to socio-demographic factors and usage patterns. The differentiate/ symbolic value was measured high with the 40s, the married and the professional practices. The enjoyment value was high with the married and the smart phone usage case of communication. Considering the short time of release for smart phones and the 93% of smart phone users within one year, the different consumer values with owning a smart phone such as a differentiate/symbolic value to an enjoyment value or another value needed to be examined. According to the usage period of smart phones, the consumption values and evaluation that may change over time is recognized by consumers. In other words, consumers who have a differentiate/symbolic value are more likely to recognize the enjoyment value while they use their smart phone and as they increase their usage period over time. Conversely, consumers who recognized the enjoyment value by using various smart phone applications may change to the differential value over increasing usage periods. Because the usage of smart phones and functions from applications changes their daily life, it comes to be unconsciously a part of their life. Third, the most important details when purchasing of smart phones were found to be A/S (After service), the products and the function. The importance was varied with groups. The women users ranked high with the A/S and the university/graduate students recognized high with the functions. A/S service (After Service being warranties or product replacement provided to consumers) is the most important purchasing factor for consumers when making a decision to buy a smart phone. It means that consumers know the poor A/S service as a risk factor which can reduce the benefits and satisfaction of using a smart phone. Consumer`s dissatisfaction comes from the psychological or economical inconvenience of the current inadequate A/S service. Therefore, it would be necessary to develop a more efficient A/S service and should notify consumers where they can receive this in the future. Forth, when consumption satisfaction analyses of smart phones were done with weight factor of the importance, the design and the function were highly satisfied, and the satisfaction of the price and the A/S were low. There were two contrasting views between the results of purchasing decision and the results of the consumer satisfaction of smart phones. This showed the consumption satisfaction would vary with the importance. The most important influential factor on the consumer satisfaction was enjoyment value, and the usage time, price and functional importance were significantly influenced on the satisfaction. Thus, it is verified that there are differences in usage patterns, values, and importance depending on socio-demographic factors. And also, these three decisive factors impact consumer satisfaction regarding smart phones.

스마트폰의 매체 풍요도와 건강 믿음이 스마트폰 이용자의 이용 경험에 미치는 영향

이은곤 한국상품학회 2018 商品學硏究 Vol.36 No.5

The size of the smart phone interface grows bigger in response to the user’s needs for consuming the vivid information by smart phone. Health problems of the smart phone heavy users have been issued. Prior studies mainly focused on verifying the positive aspects of smart phone usages, and only a few studies tried to introduce such negative impacts as health problem of smart phone usage. This study challenged to investigate the impacts of the media richness and the recognition of the potential health problems, so called ‘health belief’, on smart phone usage experiences of smart phone users. First, I verified the difference of media richness and health belief by the size of the smart phone interface. Second, I tried to empirically validate the impacts of media richness and health belief on such smart phone usage experiences as perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, satisfaction and so on. Results indicate that the size of the smart phone interface could significantly affect on the smart phone usage experiences via the media richness and susceptibility to the health problems. Also, the health belief could not generally affect on these experiences. In the academic research perspective, This study has the value to search not only the bright side of smart phone usage as media richness, but also the dark side as health belief, and it has the value to introduce the new perspective of the IT usage impacts on health care problems. In the practical perspective, this study could suggest the smart phone manufacturer and service providers to develop and adopt the over 5-inches devices to attract the smart phone users. 보다 생생한 정보를 접하고자 하는 소비자에 욕구에 부응하여 스마트폰 인터페이스의 크기가 커지고 있다. 이에 따라 스마트폰 이용에 따라 건강 문제가 발생하는 경우도 늘어나고 있다. 선행연구는 주로 스마트폰 이용의 긍정적인 측면을 검증하는데 집중하였고 건강 염려와 같은 부정적 측면에 관한 연구는 거의 없다. 본 연구는 매체 풍요도와 더불어 스마트폰의 장시간 이용에 따른 건강상의 부작용 인지가 스마트폰 이용 경험에 어떠한 영향을 미치고 있는지에 대해 검토하고자 한다. 첫째, 스마트폰 인터페이스의 차이에 따라 매체 풍요도와 스마트폰 이용자들의 건강에 대한 위협 인지에 어떠한 차이를 나타내는지 검토하였다. 둘째, 매체 풍요도와 건강 믿음이 인지된 유용성, 즐거움 및 만족도 등 스마트폰 이용경험에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 실증하였다. 본 연구의 결과 스마트폰 인터페이스의 크기 차이는 매체 풍요도와 건강문제 감수성을 통해 스마트폰 이용자의 이용 경험에 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한, 건강 믿음이 스마트폰 이용 경험에 거의 영향을 미치지 못하고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 본 연구는 학술적 측면에서 스마트폰 이용의 긍정적 측면인 매체 풍요도와 더불어 부정적 측면으로서 특히 건강 믿음을 살펴봄으로써 스마트폰 이용 경험을 균형 있는 시각에서 살펴보았다. 동시에 정보기술 활용이 건강에 미치는 영향이라는 새로운 시각을 연구 영역에 도입한 연구로서 가치를 가진다. 본 연구는 실무적으로 소비자들의 건강 믿음의 영향력이 상대적으로 작음을 밝히고 보다 큰 크기의 스마트폰 단말기를 제공함으로써 스마트폰 이용자 이탈을 막을 수 있다는 시사점을 제공하고 있다.

스마트폰 중독 실태와 대응 방안

이태영(Lee TaeYoung),송병호(Song ByongHo) 한국범죄심리학회 2017 한국범죄심리연구 Vol.13 No.1

미래창조과학부와 한국정보화진흥원이 발표한 2014년 인터넷 중독실태 조사 결 과에 따르면 스마트폰 중독 위험군에 속한 청소년 비율이 성인의 3배에 달하는 것으로 나타나고 있다. 또한 한국정보화진흥원(2015)에 의하면 청소년 스마트폰 과 의존위험군은 31.6%(1,704천명)으로 청소년 10명 중 3명은 스마트폰 과의존위험 에 노출되고 있다고 한다. 스마트폰의 중독성으로 인한 문제는 시력저하, 안구건조증, 거북목 현상, 팝콘브레인, 손목터널증후군의 건강상 이상 문제와 우울증, 디지털치매, 수면치매, 충동조절장애, 대인 예민증 등 일상생활에 직접적인 문제를 야기한다. 스마트폰 중독 피해는 성인뿐 아니라 청소년들에게서 더욱 심각하게 나타나고 있다. 스마트폰 중독원인에 관해 이용 편리성, 활용성, 일상생활의 보조적 기능성에서 원인을 찾기도 하며, 자기통제력의 부재, 정보윤리의식의 부재 등 개인적 문제에서 원인을 찾기도 한다. 청소년의 스마트폰 중독 대책으로 첫째, 정보통신 상 청소년의 법률적 보호 확대를 위한 법률보완되어야 하며 스마트폰 이용 및 중독 중에 노출될 소지가 있는 불건전 정보 유통에 대한 법률적 제재를 강화해야 한다. 둘째, 학교에서는 정보통신 윤리교육의 교과목 선정과 조기 및 지속적 교육이 필요 하다. 셋째, 가정에서는 자녀를 지도하고 통제할 수 있도록 모니터링 앱의 개발, 가족과 스마트폰 중독 자녀를 대상으로 하는 가족프로그램의 개발시행해야 한다. 마지막으로 교육기관 및 전문기관에서는 현재 운영되고 있는 전문가 양성 프로그램의 질을 향상시켜 스마트폰 중독을 예방하고 치료할 수 있는 최적의 프로그램 개발 및 전문가 양성이 필요하다는 점을 대책으로 제시하였다. 이 연구의 한계는 스마트폰 중독에 이르는 직접적 원인에 대한 실증적 분석과 스마트폰 중독 대책의 효과성에 대한 실증적 연구를 다루지 못한 점이며, 향후 연구과제로 삼을 것과 관심 있는 연구자의 공동연구를 제안한다. According to the results of the 2014 internet addiction report released by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning and NATIONAL INFORMATION SOCIETY AGECY(NIA) the percentage of teens belonging to the smart-phone is three times bigger than that of adults. According to the NIA(2015) the number of teenage smart-phone users is estimated at 31.6%(1,704), and Three out of 10 teenagers are exposed to smart-phones. Smart-Phone Addiction Causes Eye Weakness, Dry Eye Syndrome, Turtle Neck Syndrome, Popcorn Brain, Wrist Tunnel Syndrome, Depression, Digital Dementia, Sleep Disorders, Impulse Control Disorders and Interpersonal Problems. And It can be Exposure From Harmful Information, Personality Infringement, Information Infringement, Cyber Terrorism, Cyber Crime. Especially, The Damage of Smart-Phone Addiction is More Serious In Adolescents than Adults. The cause of the smart-phone addiction is Convenience, availability, and dialy life, and lack of self-control, such as lack of self-control and absence of information ethics consciousness. Fist of all, Smart-phone addicts should supplement legislation to increase legal protections for teenagers and strengthen legal sanctions on the distribution of unhealthy information that will expose them to smart-phone use and addiction. Second, the school requires a curriculum selection, an early and continuous education, and a continuing education. Third, families should develop the development of monitoring app for guiding and controling children, and development of family programs targeting children and smart-phones. Finally, education institutes and professional institutes have promoted the quality of professional training programs that are currently operating, thereby enhacing the optimal program development smart-phones form becoming addicted to smart-phones. the limits of the study were not to address the empirical analysis of the direct cause of smart-phone addiction and the empirical study of the effectiveness of smart-phone addiction measures. Research is required for future research projects and suggested joint research by interested researchers.

스마트폰중독 대학생의 자기효능감과 스트레스 대처전략에 관한 연구

백유미,Baek, Yumi 디지털산업정보학회 2017 디지털산업정보학회논문지 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study is to find out the difference of sense of self-efficacy and stress encountering strategy of university students under the stress situation depending on the smart-phone user group (addiction group, general user group). For this purpose, the study issues are established as follows. First, it has analyzed what is the correlation of smart-phone addiction, sense of self-efficacy, and stress encountering strategy. Second, it has studied if there is any difference of sense of self-efficacy and stress encountering strategy for the smart-phone user group. In order to verify such study issues, For 1,670 university students in the Chungcheong area, smart-phone addiction scale, sense of self-efficacy scale, and stress encountering method scale were administered. Looking into the study result, first, as a result of the relativity analysis, it displayed the correlation of preference of test difficulty, self-control efficacy and important negative from the smart-phone addiction and sense of self-efficacy. In addition, all sub-variables of smart-phone addiction and avoidance orientation from the stress encountering strategy displayed the important positive correlation, and from the smart-phone addiction, the virtual world orientation and pursuit of social-support displayed the important negative correlations, and all sub-variables (interference with ordinary living, virtual world striving direction, withdrawal, resistance) of smart-phone addiction and problem solving-orientation displayed the negative correlation. Second, as a result of verification for the difference of the smart-phone addiction group and general use group following the sense of self-efficacy, the general use group is shown to have higher self-control efficacy sense than the addiction group. And third, as a result of verifying the difference of stress encountering following the smart-phone addiction group and general use group, the addiction group is shown to be lower than the general use group in terms of social support pursuit and problem solution orientation with the avoidance orientation shown to be higher. This type of result is expected to provide the base data when developing the smart-phone addiction preventive education program by finding out in details for the characteristics of smart-phone addiction group for university students.

스마트폰 홈스크린에서의 기본 애플리케이션 아이콘 디자인 선호도 연구

김기현(Gi Hyun Kim),곽대영(Dae Young Kwak) 한국디자인문화학회 2014 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.20 No.4

현대 사회는 날이 갈수록 빠르게 변화, 발전하고 있으며 사람들의 삶은 더욱 편해지고, 간소화되고 있다. 이렇듯 현대 사회를 빠르게 발전시키고 사람들의 생활을 바꾸는 대표적인 물건은 스마트폰이라고 할 수있다. 과거 통신수단으로만 사용되었던 전화기가 발전하면서 사람간의 소통은 물론이고 기계와의 소통, 업무활동, 창작활동 등의 오락 및 인간의 감성까지 접근하고 있는 스마트폰은 사람과 사람, 사람과 기계, 그리고 기계와 기계 사이를 연결 지어 교감하는 소통의 매개체역할을 하고 있다. 최근 스마트폰의 외형 디자인에 있어서 미니멀리즘의 요소가 가미된 디자인 트렌드에 따라 점차 스마트폰 제조사간의 스마트폰 외형 디자인의 차별적 요소가 줄어들고 있다. 소비자의 구매 욕구를 끌어올리기 위해서는 외형 디자인이 가장 우선시되어야 하지만, 위와 같은 이유로 더 이상 외형 디자인만이 휴대폰디자인의 전부가 아니게 되었다. 그에 따라 스마트폰OS의 그래픽 사용자 인터페이스(GUI)가 스마트폰의 중요한 요소 중 하나로 떠올랐다. 그 중에서도 홈스크린에서 곧장 보이는 애플리케이션 아이콘 디자인이 하나의 트렌드를 이루며 중시되고 있다. 본 연구는 스마트폰 홈스크린과 GUI, 그리고 아이콘 디자인의 개념을 이해하고 애플리케이션 아이콘디자인에 대한 선호도를 20대 사용자를 대상으로 한조사 및 분석을 통해 스마트폰 GUI 아이콘 디자인의 방향성 제시에 그 목적이 있으며, 연구 목적을 달성하기 위하여 2013년 하반기 스마트폰 판매 점유율에 따른 제조사를 중심으로 상위 4개 제조사를 선정하고 제조사별 대표 스마트폰 3개씩 선정하여 이에 대한 출시년도, 모델명, OS 시스템, 홈스크린 인터페이스의 디자인 구성을 중심으로 항목을 유형화하여 선호도조사와 분석을 진행하였다. 또한, 제조사별 대표 스마트폰 3개 중 2014년 상반기에 출시된 스마트폰 1개씩 선정하여 스마트폰의 기본 애플리케이션 아이콘 디자인에 대한 선호도 조사 및 분석을 진행하였다. 이러한 연구 결과로부터 스마트폰 홈스크린 GUI의 아이콘 디자인은 단순히 하나의 기본적인 화면 정보만을 주는 것이 아니라 사람과 기계간 소통의 매개체이상으로 많은 가치와 새로운 스마트 기기의 선두주자로서의 가능성을 지니며, 휴대폰 제조사의 아이덴티티와 같은 상징적 이미지를 제공하고 스마트폰의 GUI를 구성하는 중요한 요소로써 그 디자인 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. Society in recent has been changed and developed simply and rapidly day by day and so has people’s life. What has developed the society and changed the living style most is the ‘Smart Phone.’ Smart-phone, which was used only for means of communication, now gives people not the means of communication among people but the communication among people and devices, the business activities, creative activities, ect. which approaches to the entertainment and the emotions of people. It is now the medium connecting people to people, people to devices, and devices to devices. The difference in characteristics of appearance design for the smart-phone is getting diminished among developers of the smart-phone because of the design trend, simple based on minimalism. To increase the purchasing demand of customers, it is necessary for the appearance design that should be beautiful enough, as previously stated, however, it is now different that the appearance design is not the only element of mobile phone. So it caused the importance in GUI design of smart-phone additional to appearance design, especially application icon design which is an element of GUI. This study has two objects; to understand the concept of smart-phone home-screen and GUI design especially about icon design, then to suggest the smart-phone GUI icon design direction based on the analysis and research about the preference in home-screen basic applications’ icon design focused on smart-phone users in 20s. The author selects 3 typical smart-phones, out of top 4 manufacturer related to smart-phone share sales in the second half 2013, and proceeded the preference survey and analysis of release year, model name, OS system, and home-screen interface icon design composition of different smart-phones in three manufacturers to achieve the object. Also, the author selected one of recent smart-phones in those three manufacturers and did the survey and analysis of basic application icon design preference in the smart-phones. According to study results, smart-phone GUI icon design gives users both primary information and lots of values above the medium of communication among users and devices. This study ends up with the impact of application icon design to smart-phone manufacturer’s symbolic images such as identity and the direction of home-screen application icon design.

스마트폰 사용의도 영향요인에 관한 연구

한상일 한국기업경영학회 2013 기업경영연구 Vol.20 No.3

The rapid spread of smart phone has changed the trend of daily life is going. The research on smart phone that play a key role in these changes are actively being made. But characteristics or behavioral research related with usage of smart phones is not enough in previous studies. And the studies on behavior after the acceptance of smart phone are not sufficient. We try to find and prove the factors affected the using intention of smart phone and the difference of influence relation according to the operating system software by expanding Technology Acceptance Model. We added the perceived playfulness and perceived reliability in the research model in order to analyze the factors. The hypothesis for the study are as follows. H1: The perceived usefulness have a positive impact on the using intention of smart phones. H2: The perceived ease-of-use have a positive impact on the using intention of smart phones. H3: The perceived playfulness have a positive impact on the using intention of smart phones. H4: The perceived reliability have a positive impact on the perceived playfulness. H5: The perceived ease-of-use have a positive impact on the perceived usefulness. H6: The perceived ease-of-use have a positive impact on the perceived playfulness. H7: The relationship of cognitive factors and using intention has a difference depending on the adopted operating system software. In order to collect data, a survey was collected with 213 users of smart phone. Most measurement items for the latent variables were adapted from previous studies and some are modified to fit the context of this research. They are measured with a five-point Likert scale. The method employed for data analysis was Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and the software used for the analysis was AMOS ver. 18. The convergent and discriminant validities for all factors were checked. The results of analysis showed that all factors have adequate convergent and discriminant validities. The reliabilities of all factors also reached the acceptable levels. The loadings of all items on their respective factors were also quite high. And path coefficients were examined for the structural model. Smart phone users’ degree of perceived usefulness was found to have an impact on the using intention(β=.531, p=.001). There was also an effect of the perceived ease-of-use on using intention(β=.428, p=.001). And the perceived playfulness has a positive and potent impact on the using intention of smart phones(β=.532, p=.001). There was an effect of the perceived reliability on using intention of smart phones(β=.385, p=.001). And the perceived ease-of-use has a positive impact for each of the perceived usefulness and the perceived playfulness(usefulness -β=.583, p =.001; playfulness -β=.713, p=.001). Based upon the statistics above, all hypotheses were supported. This empirical analysis proves that the perceived usefulness, the perceived ease-of-use, the perceived playfulness and perceived reliability give positive effects to the using intention. And the factor representing the difference of relationship by the operating system was found to be the perceived reliability. The significance of these results means that user feels useful and fun by using smart phone. And this paper indicates some managerial implications that various and useful applications and the easy user interface can help to increase the degree of using intention. 스마트폰이 빠르게 보급되면서 일상생활의 트렌드가 바뀌어 가고 있다. 이러한 변화의 핵심적 역할을 하고 있는 스마트폰에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있지만, 기존의 연구들은 스마트폰 이용과 관련한 행태적 연구나 특성 연구는 미비하고 논의 또한 정책적, 기술적 차원에 집중되어 스마트폰 사용자의 특성을 밝히는 포괄적인 연구의 한계가 있고, 스마트폰의 수용 후 행동에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 스마트폰의 사용에 영향을 미치는 지각적 요인들의 영향력을 실증적으로 분석하고, 스마트폰에서 채택하고 있는 운영체제에 따른 영향력의 차이를 검증하고자 한다. 이 연구에서는 스마트폰 사용자의 사용의도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하고, 이러한 영향관계가 스마트폰의 운영체제에 따라 차이가 있는지를 검증하고자 한다. 이를 위해 정보기술의 수용 및 사용 형태를 설명하는데 매우 유용한 모형으로 알려진 기술수용모델에 기반을 두고 여기에 인지된 유희성과 신뢰성을 추가하여 기술수용모델을 확장하고 실증적으로 분석한다. 설계한 연구모형은 구조방정식모형을 사용하여 검증한다. 검증결과는 스마트폰의 사용의도에 인지된 유용성․용이성․유희성․ 신뢰성이 모두 유의한 영향을 미치는 것을 나타났으며, 운영체제에 의해 영향관계의 차이를 보이는 요인은 신뢰성으로 판명되었다. 이러한 연구결과의 의미는 사용자가 스마트폰을 지속적으로 사용하고자 하는 의도를 유지하고 높이기 위해서는 쉬운 사용자 인터페이스와 유용하고 재미있는 어플리케이션을 개발하여 사용자가 스마트폰을 사용함으로서 유용성과 재미를 느낄 수 있어야 함을 뜻하는 것이다.

중국 유학생의 스마트폰 중독과 대학생활적응의 관계

황효혜(Xiaohui, Huang),이용남(Yongnam, Lee) 전남대학교 교육문제연구소 2014 교육연구 Vol.37 No.-

이 연구는 중국 유학생의 스마트폰 사용량과 중독 수준을 측정하고, 스마트폰 중독이 대학생활적응에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중국인 유학생의 스마트폰 중독이 남․녀별, 나이별, 한국 내 체류기간별에 따라 다른 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 스마트폰 중독이 대학생활적응에 부적인 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 스마트폰 중독 수준이 높아질수록 대학생활적응이 낮아진다는 것을 알 수 있다. 이러한 결과는 스마트폰 중독은 중국인 유학생의 대학생활적응을 위협한다는 것을 시사하고 있다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the usage of smart phone by Chinese students in Korea, examine their smart phone addiction, and see how overuse of smart phone was connected to their college life adjustment . For the empirical verification of this study, data were collected by instruments of smart phone addiction, and college life adjustment by the survey of 373 students (male: 125, female: 248) in C college and D college located in Gwangju City and Jeollanam-do Province. Collected data were analyzed by the SPSS 20.0 program for Windows, and statistical analysis was conducted such as frequency analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson s correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The research findings were as follows; Firstly, female students showed a higher level of smart phone addiction than male students. According to age, the highest smart phone addiction rate appeared in the students that are older than 26. The age range of 18-20 had the lowest rate in smart phone addiction. If we classified the students by the time of living in Korea, we could find that those who are around 2-3 years showed most addiction of smart phone. And the group who are living 1-2 years showed lowest smart phone addition. Meanwhile, the smart phone addiction rate was not related to the degree level of students they are studying. Secondly, the correlation between smart phone addiction and college life adjustment showed negative relationship. Thirdly, smart phone addiction affect college life adjustment negatively. In conclusion, the smart phone addiction level show differences by gender, age, and living time in Korea. Furthermore, we can also conclude that the higher level smart phone addiction rate, the lower adaptability of university life. These results shows us that smart phone addiction threaten college life of Chinese students in Korea.