Novel Application of Platinum Ink for Counter Electrode Preparation in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

김상헌,박장우 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.3

Platinized counter electrode is common in most of the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) researches because of its high catalytic activity and corrosion stability against iodine in the electrolyte. Platinum (Pt) film coating on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass surface by using alcoholic solution of hexachloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6), paste containing Pt precursors or sputtering are widely used techniques. This paper presents a novel application of Pt ink containing nanoparticles for making platinized counter electrode for DSSC. The characteristics of Pt films coated on FTO glass surface by different chemical methods were compared along with the performance parameters of the DSSCs made by using the films as counter electrodes. The samples coated with Pt inks were sintered at 300 oC for 30 minutes whereas Pt-film and Pt-paste were sintered at 400 oC for 30 minutes. The Pt ink diluted in n-hexane was found to a promising candidate for the preparation of platinized counter electrode. The ink may also be applicable for DSSC on flexible substrates after optimization its sintering temperature.

Novel Application of Platinum Ink for Counter Electrode Preparation in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

Kim, Sang Hern,Park, Chang Woo Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.3

Platinized counter electrode is common in most of the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) researches because of its high catalytic activity and corrosion stability against iodine in the electrolyte. Platinum (Pt) film coating on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass surface by using alcoholic solution of hexachloroplatinic acid ($H_2PtCl_6$), paste containing Pt precursors or sputtering are widely used techniques. This paper presents a novel application of Pt ink containing nanoparticles for making platinized counter electrode for DSSC. The characteristics of Pt films coated on FTO glass surface by different chemical methods were compared along with the performance parameters of the DSSCs made by using the films as counter electrodes. The samples coated with Pt inks were sintered at $300^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes whereas Pt-film and Pt-paste were sintered at $400^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes. The Pt ink diluted in n-hexane was found to a promising candidate for the preparation of platinized counter electrode. The ink may also be applicable for DSSC on flexible substrates after optimization its sintering temperature.

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence of lucigenin at mesoporous platinum electrode and its biosensing application to superoxide dismutase

Nam, Sungju,Lee, Won-Yong Elsevier 2018 Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry Vol.808 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) behavior of lucigenin on a mesoporous platinum electrode has been studied in neutral aqueous solution (pH7). The present mesoporous Pt electrode with highly enlarged surface area, with a roughness factor of 301, exhibits much larger electrochemical responses for the oxidation of water and the reduction of molecular oxygen, which leads to much larger lucigenin ECL responses related to the anodic and cathodic electrochemical reactions even in a neutral solution, compared to those at a bare Pt electrode. Based on the capability of superoxide dismutase (SOD) to inhibit lucigenin ECL by scavenging superoxide anions, a highly sensitive ECL bioassay for SOD has been developed with a linear dynamic range of 5.75×10<SUP>−10</SUP> M–3.00×10<SUP>−6</SUP> M and a detection limit of 3.49×10<SUP>−10</SUP> M (S/N=3), which is much lower than those obtained with other detection methods.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The ECL behavior of lucigenin on a mesoporous platinum electrode has been studied. </LI> <LI> The mesoporous Pt electrode has a roughness factor of 301. </LI> <LI> Electrochemical responses for water and molecular oxygen are enhanced. </LI> <LI> ECL responses of lucigenin are enlarged in neutral solution. </LI> <LI> Superoxide dismutase inhibits lucigenin ECL by scavenging superoxide anions. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Catalytic, Conductive, and Transparent Platinum Nanofiber Webs for FTO-Free Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Kim, Jongwook,Kang, Jonghyun,Jeong, Uiyoung,Kim, Heesuk,Lee, Hyunjung American Chemical Society 2013 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.5 No.8

<P>We report a multifunctional platinium nanofiber (PtNF) web that can act as a catalyst layer in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) to simultaneously function as a transparent counter electrode (CE), i.e., without the presence of an indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) or fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass. This PtNF web can be easily produced by electrospinning, which is highly cost-effective and suitable for large-area industrial-scale production. Electrospun PtNFs are straight and have a length of a few micrometers, with a common diameter of 40–70 nm. Each nanofiber is composed of compact, crystalline Pt grains and they are well-fused and highly interconnected, which should be helpful to provide an efficient conductive network for free electron transport and a large surface area for electrocatalytic behavior. A PtNF web is served as a counter electrode in DSSC and the photovoltaic performance increases up to a power efficiency of 6.0%. It reaches up to 83% of that in a conventional DSSC using a Pt-coated FTO glass as a counter electrode. Newly designed DSSCs containing PtNF webs display highly stable photoelectric conversion efficiencies, and excellent catalytic, conductive, and transparent properties, as well as long-term stability. Also, while the DSSC function is retained, the fabrication cost is reduced by eliminating the transparent conducting layer on the counter electrode. The presented method of fabricating DSSCs based on a PtNF web can be extended to other electrocatalytic optoelectronic devices that combine superior catalytic activity with high conductivity and transparency.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2013/aamick.2013.5.issue-8/am400179j/production/images/medium/am-2013-00179j_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am400179j'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

From catalyst structure design to electrode fabrication of platinum-free electrocatalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells: A review

Wulandhari Sudarsono,Sue Ying Tan,Wai Yin Wong,Fatin Saiha Omar,K. Ramya,Shahid Mehmood,Arshid Numan,Rashmi Walvekar,Mohammad Khalid 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.122 No.-

The development of low-cost fuel cell technology has involved substantial research on platinum-free ornon-platinum group metal (non-PGM) catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) in proton exchangemembrane fuel cells. However, due to macroscale degradation and flooding issues in fuel cell systems,catalyst development has faced significant challenges in rapid active site degradation over a short time. This review presents the impacts of the non-PGM catalyst structure on the ORR activity and single-cellperformance. A balance in the micropores, mesopores and macropores is sought to ensure high accessibilityto the active sites, a high active site density, and good water management at the electrode layer toprevent active site blockage. The unsatisfactory single-cell performance of non-PGM electrodes alsopotentially arises from the conventional catalyst ink-casting technique. This review also provides insightinto the necessary strategies for producing non-PGM MEAs via proper porous architecture and innovativecatalyst casting techniques to develop promising low-cost PEMFC technology.

Dispersion Controlled Platinum/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Hybrid for Counter Electrodes of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

공희현,홍성철,홍수봉 한국고분자학회 2014 Macromolecular Research Vol.22 No.4

Platinum (Pt) nanoparticles are incorporated in dispersion controlled multi-walled carbon nanotubes(CNTs) for counter electrodes (CEs) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The dispersion of CNTs is controlled bya styrenic block copolymer as a surface modifier, facilitating the fabrication of the CE on F-doped SnO glass (FTOglass) by a screen printing method. By employing sufficiently large amounts of CNTs in a paste and using a stepwisethermal treatment procedure in which organic compounds are successfully removed from the paste while minimisingdamage to the CNTs, a conductive and uniform CNT coating can be screen-printed onto FTO glass. Pt precursorsin the pastes transform to discrete Pt nanoparticles under the thermal treatment conditions, thereby successfully producinga Pt/CNT composite. Incorporation of the small amount of Pt nanoparticles into the CNTs results in significantimprovements in the performances of the DSSCs. The DSSC with the Pt/CNT CE also exhibits very stablesolar-to-electricity energy conversion efficiency (η) values for extended light soaking times that are superior to thoseof DSSC with the standard Pt CE. The results demonstrate the successful combination of DSSC processability, performanceand stability enabled by employing Pt/CNT hybrid CEs.

Effect of the deposition time on the electrocatalytic activity of Pt/C catalyst electrodes prepared by pulsed electrophoresis deposition method

Adilbish, G.,Kim, J.W.,Lee, H.G.,Yu, Y.T. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2013 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY - Vol.38 No.9

Pt/C electrodes are prepared by pulsed electrophoresis deposition (PED) from a Pt colloidal solution as a plating bath. The PED is optimized by varying the duty cycle and deposition time in a galvanostatic mode. The catalytic activities of the Pt/C electrodes are evaluated using the cyclic voltammetry technique. The loading amount of the Pt catalyst is controlled by varying the deposition time. Also, a single cell test is carried out using the Pt/C electrodes prepared with the PED method as a cathode. In the concentration polarization region (i.e., at 0.4 V), the current density for the Pt/C 10 min electrode is 0.845 A cm<SUP>-2</SUP>, which is higher than the rest of the Pt/C electrodes.

Formic Acid Oxidation Depending on Rotating Speed of Smooth Pt Disk Electrode

Shin, Dongwan,Kim, Young-Rae,Choi, Mihwa,Rhee, Choong Kyun The Korean Electrochemical Society 2014 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.5 No.3

This work presents the variation of formic acid oxidation on Pt depending on hydrodynamic condition using a rotating disk electrode. As the rotating speed increases, the oxidation rate of formic acid decreases under voltammetric and chronoamperometric measurements. The coverages of poison formed from formic acid during the chronoamperomertric investigations decrease when the rotating speed increases. As the roughness factor of Pt electrode surface increases, on the other hand, the current density of formic acid oxidation increases. These observations are discussed in terms of the tangential flow along Pt electrode surfaces generated by the rotating disk electrode, which reduces a contact time between formic acid and a Pt site, thus the formic acid adsorption.

Electrostatic spraying of membrane electrode for proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Ruiliang Liu,Wei Zhou,Liyang Wan,Pengyang Zhang,Shuangli Li,Yu Gao,Dongsheng Xu,Congcong Zheng,Mingfeng Shang 한국물리학회 2020 Current Applied Physics Vol.20 No.1

In order to improve the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), the optimization of electrostatic spraying of membrane electrode was conducted. The influence of the spraying voltage on morphology, elemental composition of catalyst layer, and performance of the PEMFC were investigated. The results show that increasing spraying voltage could reduce agglomeration of the carbon-supported platinum particles, leading to more uniform pore distribution. High voltage did not accelerate oxidation of platinum catalyst. A high electrochemical active surface area of 26.18m2/gpt was obtained when the platinum-carbon catalyst layer was deposited in cone jet mode. With further increasing spraying voltage, the total ohmic resistance and catalytic activity were changed slightly, whereas the charge transfer resistance was increased. Using the optimized electrostatic spraying parameters (injection rate=100 μL min−1, spraying voltage=8.5 kV, and working distance= 12 mm), a peak power density of 1.408Wcm−2 was obtained with an output voltage of 0.451 V.

Improvement of Cathode Reaction of a Mediatorless Microbial Fuel Cell

( Pham The Hai ),( Jae Kyung Jang ),( In Seop Chang ),( Byung Hong Kim ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2004 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.14 No.2