Mycoparasitism of Acremonium strictum BCP on Botrytis cinerea, the Gray Mold Pathogen

( Gyung Ja Choi ),( Jin Cheol Kim ),( Kyoung Soo Jang ),( Kwang Yun Cho ),( Heung Tae Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2008 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.18 No.1

A fungal strain BCP, which parasitizes Botrytis cinerea gray mold pathogen, was isolated and identified as Acremonium strictum. BCP strain overgrew the colonies of B. cinerea and caused severe lysis of the host hyphae. Frequent penetration and hyphal growth of A. strictum BCP inside the mycelia of B. cinerea were observed under light microscopy. In addition, some morphological abnormalities such as granulation and vacuolation of the cytoplasm were observed in mycelia and spores of B. cinerea. In dual culture test, A. strictum BCP strongly inhibited the mycelial growth of several plant pathogenic fungi as well as B. cinerea. To our knowledge, this is the first report on mycoparasitism of Acremonium species on B. cinerea.

야생버섯에서 분리한 미기록종 버섯기생균 Sepedonium laevigatum 보고

오승윤 한국버섯학회 2022 한국버섯학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Fungi that infect mushrooms and cause diseases are called mycoparasitic fungi. Understanding the diversity of mycoparasitic fungi in wild mushrooms is important for the mushroom industry, as they can parasitize cultivated mushrooms. However, few studies have been conducted on the diversity of mycoparasitic fungi in wild mushrooms in South Korea. Upon surveying mushroom flora, we found a mycoparasitic fungus and analyzed its strain using molecular phylogeny and morphological examination. The strain was identified as Sepedonium laevigatum, which is an unrecorded species in South Korea. In this study, we described the cultural and microscopic characteristics of this strain of fungus.

Verlamelin, an Antifungal Compound Produced by a Mycoparasite, Acremonium strictum

Kim, Jin-Cheol,Park, Gyung-Ja,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Heung-Tae,Ahn, Jong-Woong,Cho, Kwang-Yun The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2002 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.18 No.2

A strain of Acremonium strictum, the mycoparasite of Botrytis cinerea, showed strong antifungal activities both in vitro and in vivo against several phytopathogenic fungi. An antifungal substance was purified from the liquid cultures of A. strictum and identified as verlamelin by instrumental analyses. Verlamelin exhibited in vitro antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic fungi such as Magnaporthe grisea, Bipolaris maydis, and Botrytis cinerea, while it was net active against all the bacteria tested. In viva, verlamelin exhibited strong protective and curative activities, particularly against barley powdery mildew. At 100 μg/ml, it inhibited the development of barley powdery mildew with control values of more than 90% in 7-day protective and 2-day curative applications. This is the first report on the production of verlamelin by Acremonium species.

Biocontrol Activity of Acremonium strictum BCP Against Botrytis Diseases

최경자,김진철,장경수,남명현,이선우,김흥태 한국식물병리학회 2009 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.25 No.2

Biological control activity of Acremonium strictum BCP, a mycoparasite on Botrytis cinerea, was examined against six plant diseases such as rice blast, rice sheath blight, cucumber gray mold, tomato late blight, wheat leaf rust, and barley powdery mildew in growth chambers. The spore suspension of strain BCP showed strong control activities against five plant diseases except against wheat leaf rust. On the other hand, the culture filtrate of A. strictum BCP was effective in controlling only cucumber gray mold and barley powdery mildew. Further in vivo biocontrol activities of A. strictum BCP against tomato gray mold were investigated under greenhouse conditions. Control efficacy of the fungus on tomato gray mold increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of more than 1×106 spores/ml significantly controlled the disease both in tomato seedlings and in adult plants. The high disease control activity was obtained from protective application of the strain BCP, whereas the curative application did not control the disease. Foliar infections of B. cinerea were controlled with 1×108 spores/ml of A. strictum BCP applied up to 7 days before inoculation. In a commercial greenhouse, application of A. strictum BCP exhibited the similar control efficacy with fungicide procymidone (recommended rate, 500 μg/ml) against strawberry gray mold. These results indicate that A. strictum BCP could be developed as a biofungicide for Botrytis diseases under greenhouse conditions.

Verlamelin,an Antifungal Compound Produced by a Mycoparasite, Acremonium strictum

김진철,김형태,안종웅,조광윤,최경자,Hyun-JuKim 한국식물병리학회 2002 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.18 No.2

A strain of Acremonium strictum, the mycoparasite of Botrytis cinerea, showed strong antifungal activities both in vitro and in vivo against several phytopathogenic fungi. An antifungal substance was purified from the liquid cultures of A. strictum and identified as verlamelin by instrumental analyses. Verlamelin exhibited in vitro antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic fungi such as Magnaporthe grisea, Bipolaris maydis, and Botrytis cinerea, while it was not active against all the bacteria tested. In vivo, verlamelin exhibited strong protective and curative activities, particularly against barley powdery mildew. At 100 mg/ml, it inhibited the development of barley powdery mildew with control values of more than 90% in 7-day protective and 2-day curative applications. This is the first report on the production of verlamelin by Acremonium species.

Biocontrol Activity of Acremonium strictum BCP Against Botrytis Diseases

Choi, Gyung-Ja,Kim, Jin-Cheol,Jang, Kyoung-Soo,Nam, Myeong-Hyeon,Lee, Seon-Woo,Kim, Heung-Tae The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2009 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.25 No.2

Biological control activity of Acremonium strictum BCP, a mycoparasite on Botrytis cinerea, was examined against six plant diseases such as rice blast, rice sheath blight, cucumber gray mold, tomato late blight, wheat leaf rust, and barley powdery mildew in growth chambers. The spore suspension of strain BCP showed strong control activities against five plant diseases except against wheat leaf rust. On the other hand, the culture filtrate of A. strictum BCP was effective in controlling only cucumber gray mold and barley powdery mildew. Further in vivo biocontrol activities of A. strictum BCP against tomato gray mold were investigated under greenhouse conditions. Control efficacy of the fungus on tomato gray mold increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of more than $1{\times}10^6$ spores/ml significantly controlled the disease both in tomato seedlings and in adult plants. The high disease control activity was obtained from protective application of the strain BCP, whereas the curative application did not control the disease. Foliar infections of B. cinerea were controlled with $1{\times}10^8$ spores/ml of A. strictum BCP applied up to 7 days before inoculation. In a commercial greenhouse, application of A. strictum BCP exhibited the similar control efficacy with fungicide procymidone (recommended rate, $500{\mu}g/ml$) against strawberry gray mold. These results indicate that A. strictum BCP could be developed as a biofungicide for Botrytis diseases under greenhouse conditions.

Studies on Antagonism of Trichoderma Species to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae

Byung Ju Moon(문병주),Hoo Sup Chung(정후섭),Hyean Cheal Park(박현철) 한국식물병리학회 1995 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.11 No.4

딸기 시들음병균에 대한 Trichoderma속 균의 길항작용에 관한 연구 5. 중복기생균 Trichoderma harzianum에 의한 딸기 시들음병의 생물적 방제

문병주,정후섭,박현철 한국식물병리학회 1995 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.11 No.4

Entomopathogenicity of Simplicillium Lanosoniveum Isolated in Korea

( Sung Yeol Lim ),( Se Hee Lee ),( Hyun Gi Kong ),( Jung Kwan Lee ) 한국균학회 2014 Mycobiology Vol.42 No.4

Fruiting bodies similar to those of the ascomycete fungi Podostroma cornu-damae and Cordyceps militaris were collected from Mt. Seunghak in Busan, Korea on August 21, 2012. The fruiting bodies were cylindrical, with tapered ends and golden red in color. The fruiting bodies contained abundant conidiophores bearing single-celled conidia, but no perithecia or asci. Pure culture of the fungal isolates was obtained through single-spore isolation. Analyses of morphological characteristics, including conidia shape, and phylogenetic traits, using internal transcribed spacer sequences, showed that these isolates belonged to the species Simplicillium lanosoniveum. Although this fungal species is known to be mycoparasitic, the isolates obtained in this study were unable to infect fungi. However, silkworms (Bombyx mori) inoculated with the fungal isolates died during the larval or pupal stages, as has been shown for the strongly entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. This study is the first report of the entomopathogenicity of S. lanosoniveum and indicates its potential for use in biological control of insects.

식물병원성 및 곰팡이 독성 Fusarium 방제를 위한 생물학적 방제제 Sphaerodes mycoparasitica

김선화 ( Seon Hwa Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2022 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2022 No.-

Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) is one of the most important plant diseases affecting cereal crops such as wheat and barley. A group of Fusarium species including F. avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc., F. culmorum, F. oxysporum Schltdl., and F. graminearum Schwabe, is well known as devastating plant pathogens resulting in significant losses in seed germination, grain yield, and grain quality eventually leading to negative impacts on global food safety and security. With growing world’s population and expanding needs for environmentally friendly solution, scientific interests in biological control facilitated searching for potential biocontrol agents. Sphaerodes mycoparasitica was isolated from the wheat field in an association with F. avenaceum and F. graminearum. During the initial investigation on S. mycoparasitica, S. mycoparasitica was found to be a Fusarium specific mycoparasite which was partly proven by the mycoparasite-host cell-to-cell replacement and interface changes in F. graminearum. In addition, S. mycoparasitica showed that the level of adaptability and host compatibility strongly relied on the types of Fusarium filtrates. Further, morphological changes including alteration of fungal surface hydrophobicity of the host during mycoparasitism, with the different degree of host compatibility demonstrated that Sphaerodes mycoparasitica possesses diphasic mycoparasitism which derived from biotrophic-attraction relationship or antagonistic-inhibition relationship. More importantly, the ability of S. mycoparasitica to degrade or transform Fusarium mycotoxins was demonstrated through biodegradation experiments implying reduction in mycotoxin-related risks. On top of that, S. mycoparasitica showed the protective effect on the germinating wheat seeds by maintaining seed vigor and suppressing growth of F. graminearum insinuating possibility of an early preventive biocontrol measure on cereal crops against FHB. Taken together, S. mycoparasitica is suggested to be develop as a promising biocontrol agent for managing FHB and/or Fusarium-associated risks.