Wall Detector를 활용한 Carpal tunnel View 검사법에 대한 연구

김성현(Sung-Hyeon Kim),이세원(Sae-Won Lee),김태형(Tae-Hyung Kim),이진우(Jin-Woo Lee),강한별(Han-Byul Kang) 대한영상의학기술학회 2018 대한영상의학기술학회 논문지 Vol.2018 No.1

목 적:Carpal tunnel view 검사 시 Wall Detector를 활용한 Modify Carpal tunnel View의 유용성을 연구 하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 내원 환자 40 명을 대상으로 Both Car-pal tunnel view 검사 시 기존방법과 Modify 방법으로 Positioning 후 영상을 획득, 두 가지를 비교하여, 영상 의 Quality 및 영상 평가 기준을 확인하고, 환자에게 네 가지 항목으로 나누어 질의하여 기록한다. 또한 동일 검사자가 Carpal Tunnel View 촬영 시 Table을 이용할 때, IP Cassette를 이용할 때, wall을 이용할 때, 3가지 로 분류, 검사시간을 총 10회 측정하여 평균검사시간을 측정한다. Grid가 내장되어 있는 Detector에 CR (Cen-tral Ray) Angle을 20°~ 50°(SID:100 cm/AL filter:21mm)로 나누어 조사하여 Image를 획득하고 Cut off 현상의 유무를 확인한다. 결 과:변수를 제외하고 modify 방법 사용 시 평균 21 sec로 기존 방법 대비 평균 1분10초 이상의 검사시간 이 짧아지는 효과가 있었고, IP Cassette 사용 대비 2 분 51초 이상의 검사시간이 짧아지는 효과가 있었다. Positioning의 불편함 질문에서는 기존 방법에서 50%의 환자가 매우 불편함, 40%의 환자가 불편함, 각 5% 의 환자에게서 불편하지 않거나 쉽다는 응답이 나왔고 Modify 방법으로 Positioning시 40%의 환자에게서 불편하지 않음 35%의 환자에게서 쉬움 20%의 환자에게서 불편함, 10%의 환자에게서 매우 불편하다는 응답이 나 왔다. 기존 검사법에서 35° 이상의 CR (Central Ray) Angle에서 Cut off 현상이 나타났으며, Modify 방법 은 Detecter에 CR (Central Ray) Angle이 수직으로 입사되므로 Cut off 현상은 원천적으로 나타나지 않았다. 또한 기존 방법과 Modify 방법으로 획득하여 영상의 Quality 및 영상 평가 기준을 확인한 결과 두 영상 모두 영상평가 기준에 부합하였으며 Cut off 현상에 의한 Blurring도 보이지 않았다. 결 론:검사시간 측면에서 여러 변수를 제외하고 평균 1분 10초 이상의 검사시간이 짧아져 신속한 검사가 가능하며, Modify방법으로 Positioning시 환자가 느끼는 불편함도 개선되었다. Modify 방법에서는 Cut off 현상이 원천적으로 나타나지 않기 때문에 환자의 Positioning이 가능하다는 전제하에 기존의 방법보다 Modify 방법이 더 효율적일 것으로 기대된다. Purpose:The benefits of a modified view of carpal tunnel using a wall detector. Materials and Methods:Forty patients having the condition of carpal tunnel were examined by 2 methods: conventional and modified methods. For this experiment, a survey was used to collect reviews on patients with the choices of: very uncomfortable, discomfort, not inconvenient, comfortable. The second experiment is divided into three classification which a table detector was used for carpal tunnel examination, also including an a IP cassette and a wall detector. To measure the examination time, a total of 3 measurement repeatedly 10 times. Using Grid Detector The grid detector was used to obtain X-ray images and perform cut off phenomenon. The X-ray images were taken in different angles or various directions (central ray angle 20°~50° (SID 100 cm/ AL filter 21 mm). Result:The average scanning time with the table detector usage was 94 seconds. The average scanning time using the ip cassette was 171.8 seconds. The average scanning time using the wall detector was 21 seconds. With the outcome, we can see that using the wall detector resulted to 150.8 shorter in time compared to the ip cassette. In regards to the survey questions and conventional method, 50% of the patients had chosen very uncomfortable, 40% uncomfortable, 5% not uncomfortable, and 5% comfortable. The modify method revealed that 10% of the patients were very uncomfortable, 15% uncomfortable, 40% not uncomfortable, and 35% comfortable. Additionally, the cutoff did not occur due to the x-ray vertically incident. The compared images of the two methods (modify and conventional) showed good arch arrangement of carpal bone. The pisiform and hamate were noted and did not overlap. Conclusion:Using the wall detector as a comparison to IP cassette, the examination time was shortened by 150.8 seconds, and 73 seconds shorter compared to the table detector. Furthermore, the patient was comfortable and no signs of cut off phenomenon. Therefore, I conclude that modify method examination is more effective or is of more beneficial in terms of examination time with patients who are motile or accomplish movement.

『交隣須知』의 겸양어에 대하여

최창완(崔彰完) 중앙대학교 일본연구소 2014 日本 硏究 Vol.0 No.36

The purpose of this study is to explore the modify forms of the modern times Japanese especially in Korinsuchi. Korinsuchi is Korean-Japanese dictionary which is Japanese translated with the Korean original in Edo period. According to Korinsuchi which is published 1881 year, Japanese modify verb is ‘ageru, ukagau, uketamawaru, osoreiru, omenikakaru, sasiageru, zonzuru, tazuneru, haisuru, mairu, mamieru, mousiageru, mousikosu, mousitukeru, mousu, oru’, and assistant verb is ‘teageru’. Korean translation is ‘durida, durussaoni, hwangsonghuda, meonpumhuda, boibda, boiobsida, olrida, huobda, sipuda, haobda, heoda, heoyoida, chatta, mutta, jeolhada, oda, kada, kaobse, boiobda, haobda, niruda, hada, kibeolhada, sigida, pumheoda, saloda, alwiobda, yeobjubda, itta, munan’. Japanese additional honorific form is ‘o~mousu, go~suru’. And Korean translation is ‘si, ob’. The number of Japanese modify verb is 105(91%), and Japanese additional honorific form is 10(9%). ‘Go~suru’ is connected to honorific verb ‘kudasaru’ which is form of ‘go~ sitekudasasu’ meaning of honorific form. Modify verb is not higher rank than additional modify form in Korinsuchi published 1881 year.

도움행동의 해석에 관한 연구

김보영(Bo Young Kim),박오수(Oh Soo Park),윤석화(Seok Hwa Yun) 한국경영학회 2010 經營學硏究 Vol.39 No.3

Recent firm- and job- related trends which translate into flatter organizational structure and more complex and collective tasks have enhanced coworker`s salience and their potential influence. In this change, coworker`s interpersonal helping behaviors are considered as important factor to influence on fellow employee`s attitudes and behaviors. In general, it has been argued that coworker`s interpersonal helping behaviors positively affect fellow employee`s attitudes and behaviors. However, recent literatures suggest that, consequences of interpersonal helping behaviors will be different according as how the intention of helping behaviors is interpreted by rater. Moreover, helping behaviors significantly affect task performance rating because these behaviors are frequently emphasized as like in-role behaviors in organization. Therefore, why coworker`s helping behaviors are subjectively interpreted has to be investigated before we discuss about consequences of coworker`s interpersonal helping behaviors. Specifically, characteristics of help giver (actor) and receiver (rater) have to be considered simultaneously for understanding rating process of interpersonal helping behaviors in dyadic coworker relationship. The purposes of this study are to explain the cognitive process involved in rating of interpersonal helping behaviors and to demonstrate the influence of actor`s and rater`s trait on rating process concerning helping behaviors. We investigated moderate effects of two variables; ability to modify self-presentation as an actor`s trait and self-enhancement motives as a rater`s trait on the relationship between coworker`s helping behaviors and coworker`s OCB-I rated by fellow employee. Hypotheses are like these. H 1: Help giver`s ability to modify self-presentation will moderate the relationship between actor`s help giving and the extent of actor`s OCB-I rated by help receiver. That is, the positive slope will become smaller in graph when ability to self-presentation is high than when ability to self-presentation is low. H 2: Help receiver`s self-enhancement motives will moderate the relationship between actor`s help giving and the extent of actor`s OCB-I rated by help receiver. That is, the positive slope will become smaller in graph when self-enhancement motives is high than when self-enhancement motives is low. We conducted empirical test for examining hypotheses. Data were collected using questionnaires from 150 dyads of an employee and his/her coworker. As the result of the hierarchical regression analyses for OCB-I, the moderate effects of ability to modify self-presentation and self-enhancement motives on the relationship between coworker`s help giving and coworker`s OCB-I perceived by employee were significant respectively (ability to modify self-presentation: β=-.17, p<.05, self-enhancement motives: β=-.14, p<.05). Therefore, these results provided supports for Hypothesis 1, and 2. Our study demonstrated that coworker`s interpersonal helping behaviors were easily rated as OCB- I by raters when help giver was high in ability to modify self-presentation. This result provides important practical implication. Recently coworker`s supportive attitudes are emphasized as important factor to enhance organizational effectiveness. Therefore, coworker`s engaging in interpersonal helping behaviors are rated positively by fellow employees and positively influence on overall evaluation concerning actor. By the result of our study, however, helping behaviors of individuals high in ability to self-presentation have to be carefully evaluated in that individuals with high ability to self-presentation were better judged as compared with behaviors which they really engaged in. Our study proved that rater high in self-enhancement motives had a weak tendency to evaluate coworker`s helping behaviors as OCB-I. This result indicates that cognitive schema that rater brings to the evaluation process influences the rating of coworker`s interpers

한말 지식인의 動向과 東學

황위주 경북대학교 영남문화연구원 2019 嶺南學 Vol.0 No.68

This study sought to examine what kind of intellectuals were in the second half of the 19th century in the Joseon dynasty, how they recognized the political situations and responded to it, and what was the position and role of Donghak (東學) developed amid such situations. The 19th-century Joseon faced two major issues. One issue was to reform the inner politics, and the other was to respond to Seohak (Western Learning). Intellectuals responded to these issues with the following methods, if simply summarized; (1)Repel Wicked and Defend Justice, (2)Defend Justice and Enlighten, (3) Enlighten and Modify Law, and (4)Repel Wicked and Modify Law. (1)Typical intellectuals of the category of Repeal Wicked and Defend Justice included Confucians spread nationwide, and Prince Heungseon and his aides. (2)Intellectuals of the category of Defend Justice and Enlighten included early-time enlightenment seekers, some central government officials advocating King Gojong's policy of opening the nation to foreigners, and figures participating in various overseas events following the conclusion of Ganghwa Treaty. These advocated the enlightenment policy with the theory of adopting Eastern spirit and Western technology. (3)Typical intellectuals of the category of Enlighten and Modify Law included the initiators of Gapsinjeonbyeon Reform. They were young people studied in Japan in their 20s to 30s. Another group was the initiators of Gapogaehyeok Reform, and many of them sought asylum overseas right after Gapsinjeongbyeon Reform, and not a few joined forces of Defend Justice and Enlighten. Donghak embraced the position of (4) Repel Wicked and Modify Law. Donghak tried to most ideally resolve the inner political reform and international problems confronting Joseon since the 19th century, and represented the people's ardent longing. So at the time when Choe Je-u, the founder of Donghak, was active, thousands of people followed his belief, and they expanded to tens of thousands when Choe Si-hyeong, the second founder of Donghak, ruled. This movement finally led to Gapo Farmers' Movement nationwide. Afterwards, Donghak, embracing the intellectuals of the category of Reform and Modify Law, pressed forward with civilization reform movement, and led the Gimi Independence Declaration, thus leaving the greatest achievement in Korean history. 본고는 19세기 후반 세계사적 격동기에 조선에서 이른바 지식인이라고 할 인물이 어떤 사람이 있었는지, 그들이 제각각 시국을 인식하고 대응한 자세는 어떠하였는지, 그리고 이런 와중에 생겨난 동학의 위상과 역할은 또 어떻게 이해하는 것이 바람직한지 등에 대하여 검토해보고자 하였다. 19세기 조선이 당면한 화두는 2가지였다. 하나는 내정개혁 문제였고, 다른 하나는 西學과 外勢에 대한 대응 문제였다. 이에 대한 지식인들의 대응 방식은 다양하였는데, 단순하게 정리하면 (1)척사위정 (2)위정개화 (3)개화변법 (4)척사변법 등으로 구분할 수 있다. (1)척사위정계열 지식인은 전국에 광범위하게 포진한 儒林이 대표적이었다. 다른 하나는 흥선대원군과 그 측근 雲邊人이었는데, 운변인의 척사위정은 유림의 그것과 결이 다소 달랐다. (2)위정개화계열 지식인으로는 먼저 초기개화론자를 들 수 있다. 이들은 조정에 영향력 있는 高官 자제를 교육함으로써 처음으로 개화의 중심세력을 형성하였다. 다음은 고종의 개국정책을 지원한 일부 중앙관료와 민비 척족인데, 이들은 東道西器論으로 고종의 개국정책을 옹호하였다. 강화도조약 체결 이후 각종 해외 사행에 참여한 인물도 이런 계열의 인물이라 할 수 있는데, 이들 가운데 일부는 개화변법 계열로 나아가기도 하였다. (3)개화변법계열 지식인은 갑신정변 주도자가 대표적이다. 이들은 일본 유학생 출신으로 2~30대 젊은이였다는 공통성이 있다. 다른 하나는 갑오개혁을 주도한 인물인데, 갑신정변 직후 해외로 망명한 사람이 많았으며, 위정개화 계열 인물 가운데 동참한 이도 적지 않았다. 동학은 척사를 지향하면서도 유교적 가치에 근거한 위정은 거부하고, 변법을 지향하면서도 외세 의존적 개화를 거부한, (4)척사변법의 자리에 있었다. 그래서 19세기 이래 당면한 내정개혁과 외세 문제를 가장 이상적으로 해결하고자 하였으며, 민중의 간절한 염원을 대변하기도 하였다. 그래서 최제우 당시 이미 수천 명의 교도가 생겨났고, 제2대 교주 최시형 당시에는 수만 명으로 확대되었으며, 마침내 전국에 걸친 갑오농민운동으로 구현되기에 이르렀다. 이후 동학은 天道敎를 개창하고 개화변법 계열 지식인을 수용하여 문명개화 운동을 전개하는 방향으로 나아갔으며, 기미독립선언을 주도함으로써 역사에 가장 빛나는 족적을 남겼다.

저슬럼프 콘크리트의 개질유황 사용성에 대한 검토

신효철 ( Hyo Chul Shin ),김규용 ( Gyu Yong Kim ),김정현 ( Jung Hyun Kim ),김진만 ( Jin Man Kim ) 한국건축시공학회 2015 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.15 No.2

In this study, fresh state properties and mechanical properties of low slump concrete which is applied to road pavement have been evaluated by mixing modified sulfur. As results, influence of mixing modified sulfur on the workability was low. Also, compressive strength, and flexural strength tend to decrese with increasing addition rate of modified sulfur. However compressive strength, and flexural strength of modified sulfur concrete were equivalent with that of plain concrete.

우라늄이온 포집을 위한 수식된 피를 고분자 피막전극

차성극,이상봉,Cha Seong-Keuck,Lee Sang Bong 한국전기화학회 2000 한국전기화학회지 Vol.3 No.3

전도성이 뛰어난 피롤고분자 피막을 전기화학적으로 중합하고 이를 Gr/ppy(Polypyrrole),X.O.(xylenol orange)형의 수식된 전극을 제작하여 U(VI)의 포집에 이용하였다. 사전피막제인 NBR(nitrile butadiene rubber)을 사용하였을 때 중합속도는 $3.22\times10^{-3}s^{-1}$로 이를 사용하지 않았을 때 보다 1.6배 느린 반응이었다. 포집된 U(VI)의 양은 ppy $1.70Ccm^{-2}$ 당에 $1.55\times10^{-4}g$ 이었으며, 인공해수 중에서 matrix효과는 $6.8\%$로 나타났다. ppy전극이 Gr/ppy, $X.O^{4-}UO^+$형으로 수식됨에 따라서 피막자체의 임피던스가 증가하여 ppy만일 때의 확산에 지배적인 전도과정에서 피막자체의 전자전도와 이온도핑과정이 함께 영향을 받는 결과를 보였다. ppy전극을 X.O.로 수식하여 U(VI)를 포집함에 따라 전기이중층의 용량은 각각 56과 130여 배로 증가하였다. Anodically Polymerized conducting Polypyrrole film electrode was employed to Pick up uranyl ion with the type of Gr/ppy, xylenol orange modified electrode. To have Porous and oriented ppy film, NBR was applied as precoating agent. The rate constant of polymerization was $3.22\times10^{-3}s^{-1}$ which was 1.6 times smaller value than bare graphite surface. The deposited amount of uranyl iou on $1.70Ccm^{-2}$ of ppy was $1.55\times10^{-4}g$. The matrix effect in artificial seawater was $6.8\%$. The polymer film electrode has a diffusion controlled process in conduction, but the modified Gr/ppy, $X.O^{4-}UO^+$ type was influenced on the ion doping and electronic conduction of film itself owing to increasing of impedance. The capacitance of electrical double layer was respectively enhanced to 56 and 130 times in Gr/ppy, $X.O.^{4-}$ and Gr/ppy, $X.O^{4-}UO^+$ than Grippy type electrode.

Chemically Modified PVDF-based Membranes Fabricated by Vapor Induced Phase Separation (VIPS) toward Suppression of Fouling Issues

박재원,권영제,손민영,조계용 한국공업화학회 2022 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2022 No.-

배경 모델링과 Modified CAMShift를 이용한 실시간 상황 감시 시스템

박종대(Jong-Dae Park),강대성(Dae-Seong Kang) 한국정보기술학회 2011 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.9 No.3

담체 모양변화에 따른 유기물 처리 성능 고찰

박영식,안갑환 한국환경보건학회 2001 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.27 No.3

This paper discussed the shape effect of ceramic support carrier in order to facilitate biomass immobilization. The shape of ceramic support carrier was modified hollow pipe type into hollow gear type. After seeding, microorganisms were attached in crevices where protection from shear forces or surfaces where easy to contact with support carrier surface. In case of hollow gear type carrier, initial attachment rate was faster than that of hollow pipe type and obtained thick biofilm. Synthetic wastewater(COD:75~880 mg/L, organic loading rate:0.36~4.22 kgCOD/㎥.d) was treated aerobic fixed bed biofilm reactor where 100% of the volume was filled with the ceramic carrier. COD removal efficiency of reactor filled with gear type support carrier was a little high withing 70 days, and then showed similar removal efficiency. It was found that highly loaded operation with up to 4.22 kgCOD/㎥.d was possible in both reactor. Total biomass amounts of pipe type was higher than gear type, however, attached biomass of gear type was higher than that of pipe type.

The chemical and mechanical analysis of modified Rice husk/LLDPE composite

황기섭,이준영,박희영,박재중,정세민,권혁준 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.1

LLDPE composite were manufactured by compound with chemically surface modified rice husk powder to improve the interfacial adhesive. surface modification of rice husk powder by chemical treatment were used with NaOH, Acetic acid, Vinyltrimethoxysilane(VTMS). These samples as modified rice husk powder were analyzed for chemical characteristic, thermal stability and morphology by Solid State 13C MAS NMR, XPS, XRD, TGA and FE-SEM. The composites with unmodified and modified rice husk powder were measured by UTM for tensil strength and elongation.