올인원 접착제의 미세누출에 관한 정량적 분석

강용희,신수일,신동훈 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.1

All-in-one adhesives were recently developed for reducing the techique sensitivity and chair time, but lots of concerns were made on bondability, longevity, and microleakage. The object of this study was to evaluate microleakage and marginal quality of all-in-one adhesives using electrochemical method and SEM analysis quantitatively. After making Class V cavities, they were bulk filled with Heliomolar(#A1) after surface treatment with three adhesives: Adper Prompt (Group A), One up Bond F (Group O), Xeno Ⅲ(Group 'X), Electrical con-ductivity(microamphere, ㎂) was checked two times: before and after cavity filling. Percentage of leaky margin was estimated from SEM image (× 1,000). The data were statistically analysed: ANOVA and Paired T test for electrical conductivity, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test for marginal quality, Spearman's rho test for checking of relationship between 2 methods the result were as follows: 1. There was no difference in microleakage between adhesive systems and every specimen showed some of microleakage after filling. 2. Microleakage was reduced about 70% with composite resin filling. 3. Marginal quality was the best in group A, decreasing among groups in the following order: group O, followed by group X. There were significant differences between group A and group X(p=0.015), and between group O and group X(p=0.019) 4. There was no relationship between the microleakage measured by electrochemical method and margin-al quality measured by SEM analysis. Within the results of this study, there was no difference in microleakage groups by electrical conductivity. However, significant difference in margin quality was seen among groups. It was believed teat these dissimilar results might be induced because of their own characteristics. Analysis of microleakage needs various methods for accuracy.

자가 산부식 프라이머와 자가 산부식 접착제의 변연 미세누출

조영곤,조공철 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.5

This study evaluated the microleakage performance of four self-etcing primer adhesive(Prompt L-Pop). Class V cavity preparations with occlusal margins in enamel and gingival margins in dentin were prepared on both buccal and lingual surfaces of 50 extracted human molar teeth. Prepared teeth were randomly divided into five groups and restored using one of five adhesives and composite resins: Prompt L-Pop/Filtek Z 250(Group 1), Clearfil SE Bond/Clearfil AP-X(Group 2), Clearfil Liner Bond 2/Clearfil AP-X(Group 3), UniFil Bond/UniFil (Group 4), and FL Bond/Filtek Z 250(Group 5). Following one day storage in room temperature water, the restored teeth were thermocycled for 500 cycles between 5℃ and 55℃. Marginal microleakage was assessed by dye penetration using 2% methylene blue dye. After 24 hours, the teeth were sectioned longitudinally and evaluated for microleakage under steromicroscope. The data were statistically analysed by Kruskal-Wallis Test. Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon singed ranked tests. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The microleakges at both enamel and dentinal margins were the lowest in group 4. increasing among groups in the following order: group 2, followed by group 5, followed by group 1. and the highest in group 3. 2. At the enamel margins, the microleakage of group 3 was significantly higher than those of groups 2. 4 and 5(p<0.05), and also the microleakage of group 1 was statistically higher than those of groups 2 and 5(p<0.05). 3. At the dential margins, microleakage of group 3 was significantly higher than microleakages of groups 1, 2, 4 and 5(p<0.05). 4. Compared with microleakages between the enamel and dential margins of each group, groups 1, 4 and 5 at enamel margin and group 2 and group at dentinal margin were higher microleakage. But there was no significant difference between enamel and dentinal microleakages of each group(p>0.05).

실활치 표백술 후 치관내 수복물의 미세누출에 관한 비교

정재은,이희주,허복 大韓齒科保存學會 2003 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.28 No.1

The purpose of the present study were to evaluate microleakage of a fourth generation dentin-bonding agent following a walking bleaching treatment, to determine the effect of temporary postbleaching dressing with calcium hydroxide on microleakage and to investigate the effect of delayed intracoronal restoration on microleakage. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Bleached groups showed more microleakage than unbleached group. 2. Immediately restored group following bleaching procedure showed the highest microleakage score. 3. One-week delayed restorations showed less microleakage but there were no statistically significant difference between group Ⅱ and Ⅲ. 4. Provisional dressing with calcium hydroxide had no influence on microleakage. It is necessary to know the time that has elapsed from the bleaching treatment to the restoration procedure to achieve optimal seal, as well as to reduce the risk of microleakage in adhesive restoration.

인공 우식 수복시 레진 침투법 전처리의 미세누출에 대한 효과

장은정,박소영,신종현,김신,정태성 대한소아치과학회 2020 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.47 No.3

This study was performed to evaluate the restoration combined with resin infiltration (RI) of early cavitated smooth surface caries lesion in terms of microleakage. Flowable resin and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) were compared. Sound 20 extracted 3rd molars were divided into 2 groups randomly. Artificial decalcified lesion was induced. Cavities were prepared on the mesial and distal surfaces, and randomly set as experimental and control group. RI was applied to the experimental group before cavity restoration. The control group was restored without RI. In group I and II, flowable resin and RMGIC was used for restoration respectively. After thermocycling and silver nitrate immersion, microleakage was assessed by μ-CT. Depth of microleakage was lower in experimental group than control group only in group II (p = 0.05). Microleakage depth was lower in group II than group I in both experimental and control groups (p = 0.05). RI pretreatment before restoration of early cavitated caries lesions might reduce the microleakage and help long-term maintenance of restoration. In this study, RMGIC was less polymerization shrinkage. Restoration with RMGIC after RI pretreatment reduced the microleakage of the restoration compared to the flowable resin. 이 연구는 와동이 형성된 초기 우식 병소를 재현하여 레진 침투법 처리 후 복합 레진과 레진 강화형 글라스아이오노머 시멘트로 수복을 시행하고 그에 따른 미세누출의 정도를 평가하기 위해 수행되었다. 건전한 20개의 발치된 제3대구치에 인공 우식을 유발하고 무작위로 I군과 II군으로 나누었다. 각 치아의 근원심면에 각각 와동을 형성하여 무작위로 실험군과 대조군으로 설정하였다. 실험군에는 레진 침투법 전처리를 시행하였고 대조군에는 전처리 없이 수복하였으며, I군은 유동성 레진을, II군은 레진 강화형 글라스아이오노머 시멘트로 수복하였다. 열순환 및 질산은 침지 후 μ-CT로 미세누출 양상을 확인하였다. 질산은 침투 깊이는 I군과 II군 모두에서 실험군이 대조군에 비하여 낮았으나, 통계적 유의성은 II군에서만 확인되었다. 재료 별로 비교 시 실험군과 대조군 모두 I군에 비해 II군의 침투 깊이가 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았다. 인공적으로 재현한 와동성 초기 우식 병소에 대하여 수복 전 레진 침투법 전처리를 하는 것은 치면과 수복물 계면에서의 미세누출을 감소시켰다. 레진 침투법 전처리 후 레진 강화형 글라스아이오노머 시멘트로 수복하였을 때 유동성 레진에 비하여 미세누출이 감소하는 결과를 얻었으며 실험적인 한계를 고려할 필요가 있다.

Effect of different air-drying time on the microleakage of single-step self-etch adhesives

Horieh Moosavi,Maryam Forghami,Esmatsadat Managhebi 大韓齒科保存學會 2013 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.38 No.2

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of three different air-drying times on microleakage of three self-etch adhesive systems. Materials and Methods: Class I cavities were prepared for 108 extracted sound human premolars. The teeth were divided into three main groups based on three different adhesives: Opti Bond All in One (OBAO), Clearfil S3 Bond (CSB), Bond Force (BF). Each main group divided into three subgroups regarding the air-drying time: without application of air stream, following the manufacturer’s instruction, for 10 sec more than manufacturer’s instruction. After completion of restorations, specimens were thermocycled and then connected to a fluid filtration system to evaluate microleakage. The data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey-test (α = 0.05). Results: The microleakage of all adhesives decreased when the air-drying time increased from 0 sec to manufacturer’s instruction (p < 0.001). The microleakage of BF reached its lowest values after increasing the drying time to 10 sec more than the manufacturer’s instruction (p < 0.001). Microleakage of OBAO and CSB was significantly lower compared to BF in all three drying time (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Increasing in air-drying time of adhesive layer in one-step selfetch adhesives caused reduction of microleakage, but the amount of this reduction may be dependent on the adhesive components of self-etch adhesives.

Effect of different air-drying time on the microleakage of single-step self-etch adhesives

Moosavi, Horieh,Forghani, Maryam,Managhebi, Esmatsadat The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2013 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.38 No.2

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of three different air-drying times on microleakage of three self-etch adhesive systems. Materials and Methods: Class I cavities were prepared for 108 extracted sound human premolars. The teeth were divided into three main groups based on three different adhesives: Opti Bond All in One (OBAO), Clearfil $S^3$ Bond (CSB), Bond Force (BF). Each main group divided into three subgroups regarding the air-drying time: without application of air stream, following the manufacturer's instruction, for 10 sec more than manufacturer's instruction. After completion of restorations, specimens were thermocycled and then connected to a fluid filtration system to evaluate microleakage. The data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey-test (${\alpha}$ = 0.05). Results: The microleakage of all adhesives decreased when the air-drying time increased from 0 sec to manufacturer's instruction (p < 0.001). The microleakage of BF reached its lowest values after increasing the drying time to 10 sec more than the manufacturer's instruction (p < 0.001). Microleakage of OBAO and CSB was significantly lower compared to BF in all three drying time (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Increasing in air-drying time of adhesive layer in one-step selfetch adhesives caused reduction of microleakage, but the amount of this reduction may be dependent on the adhesive components of self-etch adhesives.

포스트코어의 종류와 접착방법이 미세누출에 미치는 영향

윤명재,이선형,양재호,Yun Myoung-Jae,Lee Sun-Hyung,Yang Jae-Ho 대한치과보철학회 1994 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.32 No.2

The restorations of the severely damaged teeth by post core have been increased with the developement of endodontic procedures. But high failure rates of these procedures being reported, various restorative modifications were induced for successful treatments. Cast post-core and prefabricated post with core buildups are choice of treatment. The main causes of failure of the restorations are the fracture of post and core, root fracture, and recurrent caries due to microleakage. Recently, the acid etching technique and the use of dentin bonding agent at tooth surface to reduce the possible microleakage at the tooth-restoration interfaces were introduced. The object of this study was to measure and compare the microleakage by the types and cementation methods of post-core. For this study, forty extracted human anterior teeth were selected for specimen. After cleansing and routine endodontic procedures, anatomic crowns of each specimen were removed at the level of 2mm above the cementoenamel junction. Canals were preparated for post insertion and specimens were divided into four groups randomly. Post-cores were fabricated according to method for each group. Microleakage was measured by length of dye penetration at the tooth-restoration interfaces with measuring microscope at 50 magnification. Oneway ANOVA and t-test were performed for statistical analysis of resulting data. The following results were obtained from this study. 1. There wert significant statistical differences in degree of microleakage between each group (p<0.01). 2. Cast post-core cemented with ZPC (Group I) showed the most severe microleakage pattern$(1.5547{\pm}0.0872mm)$, and cast post-core cemented with adhesive resin cement after tooth surface treatment with dentin bonding agent (Group II) showed the least microleakage $(0.1497{\pm}0.0872mm)$. 3. Group IV revealed less dye penetrations than group III, but no statistical significance was seen between two groups.

복합레진 수복 후 Bonding agent와 Sealant의 표면도표가 미세누출에 미치는 영향

김종필,이종갑,최병재 大韓小兒齒科學會 1993 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

Class V cavities, with their gingival margins located below cemento-enamel junction, were prepared on 90 healthy premolars that were extracted for orthodontic purpose; After 35% phosphoric acid etch and Scotchprep, Scotchbond 2 were applied, P-50 posterior composite resin were placed at all the cavities. The samples were divided into six groups and each group is consist of fifteen teeth. In experiment 1), control group with reisn filling only was compared to the experimental groups with additional application of bonding agent and sealant on composite resin surface. The experimental groups were thermocycled 55 times between 5℃ and 55℃. In experiment 2), the same procedure as in experiment 1) was carried out and the specimens were burshed 500 times under the load of 500g/㎠ with abrasion tester. All the specimens were,then,stained with basic fuschin solution,and microleakage was measured with steromicroscopy. The following results were obtained: 1.When the gingival margin of the cavity is placed on dentin or cementum, dye penetration was increased at the gingival margin after resin curing; brushing procedure showes this phenomenon. 2.Microleakage after the resin curing in the groups with additional application of bonding agent and sealant with thermocycling anly was more reduced significantly than control group'there was statistically significance(P<0.01). 3.There was no differance in reducing effect of microleakage between the bonding agent-applied group and sealant-applied group. 4.The experimental groups to which bonding agent and sealant were applied after thermocycling and burshing showed microleakage reducing effect and there was statistically significance (P<0.01) As a result, it can be concluded that microleakage at gingival margin,that was created after resin curing, can be significantly reduced by surperficial application and curing of bonding agent and sealant. Clinically, such utilization of bonding agent and sealant would be effective in prevention of secondary caries and pulp disease, which are the results of microleakage. Nevertheless, whether the microleakage reducing effect can last long under the abrasive action of burshing is still open to doubt, and there is a necessity for studing further.

Surface penetrating sealant가 치경부 수복물의미세누출에 미치는 영향

김성원,조용범,홍찬의 대한치과보존학회 2001 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.26 No.1

Despite the improvements in bond strengths of dentin adhesives and resin-modified glass ionomers, the marginal seal of cervical restorations remains a concern. Microleakage at poorly sealed margins can result in staining, post-operative sensitivity, pulpal irritation, and recurrent caries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of surface penetrating sealant(SPS) on the microleakage of cervical restorations. 45 extracted human teeth were selected, and Class V preparations were prepared on the both buccal and lingual surface of the teeth to the following dimensions : 1.5mm axially, 3mm mesiodistally, and 3mm incisogingivally. After cervical restoration with composite resin, compomer, glass ionomer, each restoration was treated as three methods: No Tx., Scotchbond Multipurpose Adhesive, Fortify The sections were examined with a stereomicroscope to determine the extent of microleakage at enamel and dentin margins. The results of this study were as follows. 1.All groups showed some microleakage. 2.Gingival cavity wall with cementum margin showed significantly higher leakage value than occlusal cavity wall with enamel margin. 3.The group treated with SPS showed significantly lower leakage value than no treated group(p<0.05). But there is no difference between Fortify and Scotchbond Multipurpose adhesive. The results of this study suggest that SPS are effective in reducing microleakage of class V restorations. But it is certain that some microleakage still occurred despite the application of SPS.

Correlation between microleakage and screw loosening at implant-abutment connection

Sahin, Cem,Ayyildiz, Simel The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2014 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.6 No.1

PURPOSE. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between microleakage and screw loosening at different types of implant-abutment connections and/or geometries measuring the torque values before and after the leakage tests. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three different abutment types (Intenal hex titanium, internal hex zirconium, morse tapered titanium) with different geometries were connected to its own implant fixture. All the abutments were tightened with a standard torque value then the composition was connected to the modified fluid filtration system. After the measurements of leakage removal torque values were re-measured. Kruskal-wallis test was performed for non-parametric and one-way ANOVA was performed for parametric data. The correlation was evaluated using Spearman Correlation Test (${\alpha}=0.05$). RESULTS. Significantly higher microleakage was found at the connection of implant-internal hex zirconium abutment. Observed mean torque value loss was also significantly higher than other connection geometries. Spearman tests revealed a significant correlation between microleakage and screw loosening. CONCLUSION. Microleakage may provoke screw loosening. Removing torque values rationally decrease with the increase of microleakage.