인체-제품에서의 대량맞춤형생산 방법 구축을 위한 기초연구

부미평,이성필 한국인더스트리얼디자인학회 2011 산업디자인학연구 Vol.5 No.4

대량생산에 있어 다양성이 중요한 소비 패턴에 부응하기 위한 일환으로 새로운 방법의 개발이 중요하게 대두되고 있는 실정이다. 다시 말해 과거에는 서로 양립할 수 없다고 여겨지던 대량생산과 고객화를 융합시킨 대량맞춤형(Mass customization)생산이라는 경영혁신의 새로운 패러다임이 중요하게 부각되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 MC의 정확한 개념과 기업에서 궁극적으로 추구하는 MC의 필요성 및 중요성을 분석하고 그에 따른 문제점을 기반으로 현행 기업에서의 MC의 사례연구를 통한 성공과 실패를 비교 분석함으로써 인체 관련한 산업에서의 적용 및 응용, 성공을 위한 요인을 분석하기 위한 기초연구이다. 소비자의 구체적인 피드백(Feedback)과 기업 생산방식에서의 문제점을 설문조사보다는 현황과 결과로 발생 할 수 있는 사례연구를 통하여 보다 현실적이며 생산적인 결론에 도달할 수 있도록 연구 진행하였다. 아울러 본 연구의 목적은 MC생산 방법을 적용하여 인체-제품에 대한 적용방법을 위한 탐색적 기초연구로서 구체적인 연구내용으로는 첫째, 기존의 인체-제품 산업의 적용 선행 사례를 분석하였다. 둘째, MC생산 방법의 공통 사항을 통한 장점 및 한계성을 발췌 하였다. 마지막으로 인체-제품의 성공적으로 MC를 적용함에 있어 일곱 가지 공통요소 제시하였다. 결론에서는 주요 MC적용 분야는 의류산업이나 자동차 산업, 컴퓨터 등 IT 산업에 한정되어 있는 것을 알 수 있었는데 이는 복잡한 해부학적인 전문지식의 응용 및 임상결과가 필요한 인체 관련 산업의 특수성에 기인한다고 볼 수 있다. 너무나도 복잡한 개별 소비자의 인체 특성을 고려하면 기업의 비용이 증가하고 개별 소비자의 인체 특징을 심도 있고 구체적으로 고려하지 않는 제품은 소비자의 만족을 당연히 얻기가 어려우므로 인체 관련 산업의 생산 방식은 여전히 개별 맞춤 혹은 전통적인 대량생산에 방식에 머물러 있다고 유츄 할 수 있을 것이다. 그러나 인체관련 산업의 성공적인 MC생산의 실현은 먼 미래의 일이 아닌 관련 산업의 지속적인 연구와 노력으로 관련 기술은 생산자와 소비자를 모두 만족하게 하는 MC생산의 기술개발이 구현될 것이라 생각한다. 아울러 본 기초 연구를 기반으로 하여 차후에는 구체적인 인체-제품의 사례 연구를 진행 할 예정이다. Consumers in Modern society are already no longer satisfied with these commodities produced and suitable for their demands. Compared with these existing products, consumers are getting more and more interest in purchasing those commodities which are only for themselves and full of individuality. For such changes, the necessity of market guiding production way corresponding is more and more remarkable. Therefore, the importance of the new model which considers Mass customization production methods as the core business has gradually formed. This production method combines the mass production and customized Mass customization. This study describes the concept of MC, and analyzes the necessity and importance of the company choosing MC. Through the analysis and comparison to the successful cases and failed cases of MC company, analyze the factors that enterprise related to human body successful uses and MC application. In this study, there is no survey which is specific feedback for consumers and company mode of production for the problems, there is research through the cases which can get current situations and results. Hope could receive the conclusion with realistic and productive. The purpose of this study is to research how to make Mass customization method applied to the human body. The specific research contents: 1, Analyzed the existing cases in which the past products for human ; 2, Through the common points of Mass customization production methods, extracted the strengths and limitations of MC. In modern social, MC has successfully used the many fields, such as the apparel industry and the automotive industry and IT industry and so on. The industry relate to human body has special features than other industry. If consider the individual feature of variety kinds of human body to production, the cost must be increased. So the mode of production before(individual order made and traditional Mass Production) is meeting the bottleneck. However, the successful MC cases of industry relate to human body makea beautiful future, continuing study and intension of Mass customization, continuing improve high-technology, and achieve the mass customization which can satisfy the manufactures and consumers. Finally, to the successful use of the product for the human body, put forward seven limited overcome solution. In the basis of this research, do specific research on human body cases.

製造物責任의 問題點과 改善方案에 관한 硏究

정쾌영,이경구,이동철 대한경영학회 2004 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.17 No.4

Through the rapid development of science and technology and aggressive innovation in economic activities, Korea has attained a society of mass production and mass consumption. On the other hand, because consumers use and consume high-tech and complicated products daily, their safety primarily depends on product manufacturers.Therefore, in order to change the principle of liability for damages in product-related accidents from 'negligence' to 'defect', and relieve the injured persons in a swift and appropriate manner, the Product Liability Law has come into force from July 1, 2002. With the introduction of the product liability system, it is expected that the way of thinking and the approach concerning product safety of both the industry business segement and the consumer segment will change and improveConcerning introduction of the Product Liability Law, the co-operation of all divisions of a company are indispensable. Namely, not only development, design, manufacturing and quality control divisions, but also general affairs, law and consumer divisions etc. are recommended to cooperate with each other on product safety measures. 우리나라에서도 2002년 7월 1일부터 제조물책임법이 시행되고 있다. 기업에 의하여 제조가공수입된 제조물에 결함이 있고 그 결함으로 인하여 소비자 또는 피해자가 인적물적인 손해를 입은 경우에 제조업자나 가공업자 또는 수입업자가 자신에게 고의나 과실이 없더라도 그 손해를 배상하도록 하는 법이다. 이러한 제조물책임법의 시행은 소비자의 이익보호와 국민생활의 안전을 확보하는 중요한 계기가 된다. 제조물의 결함으로 인한 피해를 효율적으로 구제함으로써 이 법의 입법취지를 충분히 구현할 수 있도록 그 운용의 실효성을 도모하는 일이 중요한 과제라 할 수 있다. 이를 위해 우선 제조물의 결함으로 인하여 피해를 입은 피해자가 제조물책임을 추궁할 때 그 결함과 손해의 인과관계에 대한 입증의 부담을 경감함과 동시에 법령의 기준준수의 항변도 삭제하고, 제조업자 등에 대하여 제조물책임보험의 가입을 의무화하는 것이 타당하다. 제조물책임사건의 분쟁을 재판외에서 신속하게 해결할 수 있는 제조물책임분쟁조정기구를 설치하여 운영하는 방안도 검토할 필요가 있다. 기업에 대해서는 제조물책임사고에 대비한 기업 내부조직의 정비와 제조물책임사고가 발생한 경우에는 그 책임을 신속하게 이행할 수 있는 사후대책을 강구하도록 하여야 한다. 대기업에 있어서는 이러한 대책의 마련이 그리 어려운 일은 아니나, 정보와 자금력이 열악한 우리나라 중소기업들에 있어서는 이러한 대책이 미흡하다. 중소기업청과 중소기업관리공단 등 관계기관의 보다 더 체계적인 시책의 마련과 이를 위한 입법적 지원방안이 요구된다.

복수 제품의 병렬 생산 설비별 생산량 할당 방법에 관한 연구

김태복 한국경영과학회 2007 經營 科學 Vol.24 No.1

To realize the mass customization entails the optimized supply chain design for efficiently producing and delivering the various products. In this study, we considered the problem obtaining the optimized production policy under the situation wherein the multiple products are apportioned into multiple parallel production facilities. More specifically, the production set-up costs incurs according to whether the production facilities are utilized or not. The facility-dependent set-up costs increase the problem complexity in solving the production apportioning problem for multiple products. This problem can be formulated as concave minimization problem, which is known as NP-hard problem. In this paper, a heuristic algorithm is proposed to solve two conjoint problems : one is to select the cost-effective facilities from alternative multiple production facilities and the other is to apportion the production lot to those selected facilities.

개인맞춤생산 개념의 공예적 융합에 관한 연구

황선욱 한국디지털정책학회 2019 디지털융복합연구 Vol.17 No.1

개인맞춤생산은 4차산업혁명속에서 변화하는 생산과 소비를 대표하는 개념이다. 각 분야의 생산업체들은 이 개념을 도입하기 위해 많은 노력을 하고 있으나 공예분야, 특히 사회 곳곳에 퍼져있는 공방체제에서는 이와 같은 변화의 흐름을 찾아보기 어렵다. 이에 변화하는 생산과 소비에 발맞추어 공예공방속에서 개인맞춤생산을 융합할 수 있는 가능성을 가늠해 보고자 한다. 이를 위해 유사한 체계인 대량맞춤생산의 개념과 실예를 살펴보고 개인맞춤생산을 정의한 후 현대 공예 공방의 제작현황을 인지하고 결과적으로 생산성과 소통이라는 두 가지 기준점을 삼아 융합의 가능성을 살폈다. Personalized production represents the changing production and consumption in the fourth industrial revolution. Manufacturers in each field are making great efforts to introduce this concept, but it is difficult to find a flow of change such as in the craft industry, especially in the workshop system. I will try to measure the possibility of fusing personalized production in the craft workshop in accordance with the changing production and consumption. To do this, we examined the concept and examples of mass custom production, which is a similar system, and defined the customized production. Then, we recognized the production status of the modern craft workshop and consequently examined the possibility of convergence based on two basic points of productivity and communication.

Helically probed rotating cylinder toward mass-production of electro-spinning

문성준,길만재,이경진 한국공업화학회 2016 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2016 No.0

In this study, we introduced novel electro-spinning method for lab-scale mass production of nano-sized polymeric fiber. Although multi-needle system was used for mass-production in general, it is still challenging task to obtain mass-amount of nanofibers because the multi-needle systems has electrostatic interaction between needles which prevent to form excellent nano-fiber. In addition, general needleless system contains several limitations because the system require higher supplied voltage. Here, we designed the helically probed rotating cylinder to the mass-production of nanofibers by electrospinning. Not only the helical probed cylinder could overcome the limitation of general electrospinning but also could be processed in lower supplied voltage. Furthermore, the helical probed system provides versatility of selecting solvent and polymer for electrospinning and can be applied to many applications which is not possible to be processed by general needle and needleless based methods.

Optimization of mass-production conditions for tritium breeder pebbles based on slurry droplet wetting method

Park, Y.H.,Min, K.M.,Ahn, M.Y.,Cho, S.,Lee, Y.M.,Park, S.J.,Danish, R.,Lim, C.H.,Jo, Y.D. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Fusion engineering and design Vol.109 No.1

Lithium metatitanate (Li<SUB>2</SUB>TiO<SUB>3</SUB>) is being considered as tritium breeding material for solid-type breeding blanket, which are used in pebble-bed form. The total amount of Li<SUB>2</SUB>TiO<SUB>3</SUB> pebbles in Helium Cooled Ceramic Reflector (HCCR) Test Blanket Module (TBM) is approximately 80kg. Furthermore, DEMO reactor requires a great deal of breeder pebbles. Therefore, the development of mass-production system for breeder pebbles is necessary. The slurry droplet wetting method was adopted in the mass-production process for Li<SUB>2</SUB>TiO<SUB>3</SUB> pebbles, which had been developed in Korea. In this method, an automatic slurry dispensing system is one of the key apparatuses because the uniformity of pebbles and production rate are able to be improved. The system was successfully manufactured, which was consisted of a dispensing unit for instillation of Li<SUB>2</SUB>TiO<SUB>3</SUB> slurry, a glycerin bath for hardening of droplets, and an automatic maintaining unit for constant distance between syringe needle and glycerin surface. The production rate of this system for Li<SUB>2</SUB>TiO<SUB>3</SUB> pebble was estimated at 50kg/year. In this study, it was investigated that the effect of dispensing and sintering conditions on the mass-production of Li<SUB>2</SUB>TiO<SUB>3</SUB> pebbles.

신사 정장 브랜드의 기성복 및 MTM 생산 실태 조사 - 백화점 입점 브랜드를 대상으로 -

최진영 ( Jin Young Choi ),송화경 ( Hwa Kyung Song ) 한국의류산업학회 2016 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.18 No.6

This study aimed to investigate the status of ready-made suit and MTM (Made-to-measure) suit production with 10 men`s suit brands turning over 200 billion won. Their target age group is late 30`s to late 40`s. Regarding production for the ready-made suit, eight out of 10 brands are using both KS and their own sizing. Classification of body shapes was done in 8 brands, mostly for upper body in simple ways (lean, normal, and obese). All brands are conducting fittings on only standard size. The number of sizes produced is varying depending on the brands; 9 to 17 for a jacket and 9 to 20 for a pair of pants. Regarding on the MTM production, four out of 10 brands have implemented MTM production. The rate of MTM production to their total production is about 15-20%. There were positive opinions on MTM production since it enables to reduce stocks through a small quantity of production for necessary sizes only. The reasons of orders of MTM production were answered as `no size available`, `unique body shape`, etc., and most orders were placed by consumers who are fat-bellied or have thick thighs. They have used MTM automated CAD software developed by Gerber Technology or Investronica. All the brands have utilized automated marker-making software and cutting facilities for MTM production.

전승지식을 활용한 현대 상모 제작 기술의 집적

박혜영(Park Hye-young) 실천민속학회 2011 실천민속학연구 Vol.17 No.-

상모 제작 기술을 민속공예로 바라볼 때 첫째 짚이나 삼베, 한지 등과 같은 원료를 취급하여 반재료 제품화하는 경우, 둘째 완제품으로 제작된 것을 구입해서 연행자의 솜씨에 따라 알맞게 개량하는 경우, 셋째 상모 제작을 담당하던 전문업체에서 기계로 제작한 완제품 자체를 그대로 사용하는 경우로 구분할 수 있다. 산업화의 영향으로 상모의 제작 방식은 점차 지역 간의 경계가 허물어지고 초지역화 되어가고 있다. 특히 김천 지역에는 외지인에 의해서 전문 공방이 설립되면서 기계화를 통한 대량생산이 가능해졌고 유통망도 확장되었다. 고씨공방에서는 상모 제작 기술에 대한 특허 출원을 함과 동시에 전통 상모의 제작 방식을 섭렵하고자 전라도 지역에서 쓰던 소털 상모 제작 방법을 전수받기에 이르렀다. 첨단의 기계술과 전통적 수공예가 복합적으로 전승되는 것이다. 경험에 의해서 손끝의 감으로 완성하는 것만 본다면 마을 안에서의 전통 상모의 생산방식과 다르지 않다. 다만 언제 어디서나 흔하게 구할 수 있는 재료로 누구나 쉽게 만들 수 있던 것이, 한 사람의 장인에 의해서 보다 정교하고 전문적으로 제작된다는 점이 뚜렷이 구별된다. 과거의 솜씨를 잇는 데 머무르지 않는 장인의 창조력과 마을 풍물 연행자들의 전승지식이 현대 상모의 제작 기술의 활용으로 이어지는 것이다. When viewing the sangmo production techniques as folkcraft, it can be divided into the cases of production by handling materials such as straw, hemp cloth and the traditional Korean paper, appropriately improving the product according to the crafts by purchasing the complete products or using the completed product made from the machines in specializing companies that produce sangmo products. Due to the influences of industrialization, the boundaries between regions have gradually collapsed in the production methods of sangmo and have become trans-regionalized. As the special workshop was established in the Gimcheon region by outsiders, the mass production through mechanization has become enabled and the distribution networks have been expanded. Along with the patent application for their sangmo production techniques, the Gosi Workshop has reached to receive the sangmo production techniques using cow hair, used in the region of Jeollado to establish the production methods for traditional sangmo. The cutting-edge machinery techniques and the traditional handicraft are being complexly passed down. It is no different from the production methods of traditional sangmo within the village when observing the fact that it is completed with the feeling in the finger tips. However, a clear difference exist in the fact that the product that once could be easily made by anyone with the common materials are being specially and elaborately produced due to the works of a master craftsman. The creativity of the master craftsman that do not remain in their past works and the transmission knowledge of village pungmul artists, are being continued in the modem production techniques for sangmo.

낙동강 하구 해양환경 및 기상 요인이 김(Porphyre yezoensis) 생산량 변화에 미치는 영향

권정노 ( Jung No Kwon ),심정희 ( Jeong Hee Shim ),이상용 ( Sang Yong Lee ),조진대 ( Jin Dae Cho ) 한국수산과학회 2013 한국수산과학회지 Vol.46 No.6

To understand the effects of marine environmental and meteorological parameters on laver Porphyra yezoensis production at Nakdong River Estuary, we analyzed marine environmental (water temperature, salinity, nutrients, etc.) and meteorological properties (air temperature, wind speed, precipitation, sunshine hours) with yearly and monthly variations in laver production over 10 years (2003-2013). Air and water temperature, wind speed, sunshine hours and precipitation were major factors affecting yearly variability in laver production at the Nakdong River Estuary. Lower air and water temperatures together with higher levels of nutrients and sunshine and stronger wind speeds resulted in higher laver harvests. Salinity and nitrogen did not show clear correlations with laver production, mainly due to the plentiful supply of nitrogen from river discharge and the low frequency of environmental measurements,which resulted in low statistical confidence. However, environmental factors affecting monthly laver production were related to the life cycle (culturing stage) of Porphyra yezoensis and were somewhat different from factors affecting annual laver production. In November, a young laver needs lower water temperatures for rapid growth, while a mature laver needs much stronger winds and more sunshine, as well as lower temperatures for massive production and effective photosynthesis, mostly in December and January. However, in spring (March), more stable environments with fewer fluctuations in air temperature are needed to sustain the production of newly deployed culture-nets (2nd time culture). These results indicate that rapid changes in weather and marine environments caused by global climate change will negatively affect laver production and, thus, to sustain the yield of and predict future variability in laver production at the Nakdong River estuary, environmental variation around laver culturing farms needs to be monitored with high resolution in space and time.

駕莫灣에서의 基礎生産力 향상방안에 관한 生態系모델링

이대인,조은일,박청길 한국환경과학회 1999 한국환경과학회지 Vol.8 No.5

From the environmental aspects, primary productivity of phytoplankton plays the most important role in enhancement of marine culture oyster production. This study may be divided into two branches; one is estimation of maximum oyster meat production per unit facility(Carrying Capacity) under the present environmental conditions in Kamak Bay, the other is improvement of carrying capacity from increase of primary productivity by changing the environmental conditions that cause not to form an unfavorable environment such as the formation of oxygen deficient water mass using the eco-hydrodynamic model. By simulation of three-dimensional hydrodynamic model and ecosystem model, the comparison between observed and computed data showed good agreement. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that phytoplankton maximum growth rate was the most important parameter for phytoplankton and dissolved oxygen. The estimation of mean primary productivity of Wonpo, Kamak, Pyongsa, and Kunnae culture grounds in Kamak Bay during culturing period were 3.73gC/㎡/d, 2.12gC/㎡/d, 1.98gC/㎡/d, and 1.26gC/㎡/d, respectively. Under condition not to form the oxygen deficient water mass, four times increasing of pollutants loading as much as the present loading from river increased mean primary productivity of whole culture grounds to 4.02gC/㎡/d. Sediment N, P fluxes that allowed for 35% increasing from the present conditions increased mean primary productivity of whole culture grounds to 3.65gC/㎡/d. Finally, ten times increasing of boundary loadings from the present conditions increased mean primary productivity of whole culture grounds to 3.95gC/㎡/d. The maximum oyster meat production per year and that of unit facility in actual oyster culture grounds under the present conditions were 6,929ton and 0.93ton, respectively. This 0.93ton/unit facility is considered to be the carrying capacity in study area, and if the primary productivity is increased by changing the environmental conditions, oyster production can be increased.