IPA 기법을 활용한 고교학점제 연구학교 운영에 관한 중요도와 실행도 분석

장창곡(Jang Chang Kog) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2021 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.21 No.8

본 연구는 고교학점제 연구학교의 학생과 교사들이 인식하는 고교학점제 운영 중점과제에 대한 중요도와 실행도 수준을 분석하여 고교학점제 운영 방향을 모색하였다. 이를 위한 최종 분석은 인천광역시 소재 고교학점제 연구학교 4개교 학생 400명과 교사 230명을 대상으로 2019년 10월 21일부터 11월 3일까지 2주간에 걸쳐 설문조사를 실시하였고, 학생 393부, 교사 223부를 분석에 활용하였다. 연구방법은 고교학점제 연구학교 운영 중점과제의 중요도와 실행도 차이를 검증하기 위해 대응표본 t-검정을 실시하였고, 고교학점제 연구학교 운영 중점과제에 대한 중요도-실행도 분석(IPA)방법을 활용하였다. 본 연구 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 고교학점제 연구학교의 학생과 교사들이 인식하는 고교학점제 운영 중점과제에 대한 중요도와 실행도의 교사 및 학생 간의 차이를 살펴본 결과, 5개의 운영 중점과제에서 중요도에 비해 실행도가 낮다는 유의미한 차이를 확인하였다. 둘째, 학생과 교사들이 인식하는 고교학점제 운영 중점과제에 대한 중요도와 실행도 차이 분석(Important-Performance Analysis) 결과, 모든 세부 항목이 중요도에 비해 실행도가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 근거로 교원 행정업무 경감, 다 교과 지도 교원에 대한 처우 개선, 휴식 및 자기주도학습을 위한 다목적실 구축, 홈베이스 구축, 공강 발생에 대한 대책 등이 현재 상황에서 가장 중점적으로 관심을 갖고 고교학점제가 운영되어야 한다는 점을 제언하였다. 마지막으로, 본 연구의 의의 및 현실적인 제한점과 후속 연구 방향에 대해 논의하였다. This study aims to analyze the importance and performance level of the high school credit system focused on the tasks recognized by students and teachers of high school credit system research schools and to find the direction of operating the high school credit system. The final analysis was conducted for two weeks from October 21 to November 3, 2019, targeting 400 students and 230 teachers from four high school credit research schools in Incheon and 393 students and 223 teachers were used for analysis. The study method was t-test to verify the difference in the importance and execution of the high school credit system research school operation focus task, and the importance-performance analysis(IPA) method was used for the high school credit system research school operation focus task. The results of this study are as follows. First, the difference between teachers and students in importance and performance of the high school credit system management task recognized by students and teachers in high school credit system research schools was examined. As a result, the significant difference was confirmed that the performance level was lower than the importance in five operational tasks. Second, the result of the analysis of the difference in importance and execution of the high school credit system management task recognized by students and teachers showed that the performance of all detailed items was lower than the importance. Based on the results of the study, it is suggested that the high school credit system should be operated with the most attention in the current situation, such as reducing administrative work of teachers, improving treatment of multi-curriculum teachers, establishing a multi-purpose room for rest and self-directed learning, establishing a home base, and taking measures for the occurrence of public lectures. Finally, the significance, practical limitations and future research directions of this study were discussed.

주거지역 안전을 위한 드론관리체계 주요 개선요인 분석

이승태 한국항공우주정책⋅법학회 2023 한국항공우주정책·법학회지 Vol.38 No.3

본 연구는 주거지역 안전을 위한 드론관리체계 주요 개선요인을 분석하기 위해 드론 이용자들을 중심으로 설문 조사를 실시하고, IPA 분석을 통하여 개선요소들을 도출하고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 중요도가 높지만 만족도가 낮아 가장 중점적으로 개선해야 할 요소로는 법·제도 요인의 사생활침해 및 개인정보 보호법 침해 예방대책 마련(중요도:4.40점, 만족도:3.31점), 신체 및 재산에 대한 안전대책 마련(중요도:4.33점, 만족도:3.54점), 운영적 요인에서는 최대이륙중량 25kg 이하 드론에 대한 안전성인증 마련(중요도:4.22점, 만족도:3.52점), 안전사고와 관련된 처리체계(조사, 보험 등)(중요도:4.18점, 만족도:3.54점), 시설·인프라 요인에서는 인구밀집지역에서의 드론방어체계 구축(중요도:4.30점, 만족도:3.42점), 주거지역 내 드론관리시스템 구축(중요도:4.30점, 만족도:3.49점), 드론의 물건 투하장소 설치 및 관리체계(중요도:4.21점, 만족도:3.47점)로 분석되었다. 모든 개선요소에 대한 중요도가 4.00점 이상으로 중요하게 도출되었으나, 전체적인 요소들에 대한 IPA 분석 결과는 법·제도 요인에 대한 개선이 가장 필요한 것으로 도출되었다. 또한, 법·제도적 요인, 운영적 요인 및 시설·인프라 요인을 종합하여 볼 때 중점개선 영역에 속하는 요소들은 모두 주거지역에서 거주하는 주민들의 생명, 신체, 사생활 및 재산권 등 개인의 안전과 관련된 요소라는 점에 착안하여 드론관리체계를 개선하는데 최우선으로 고려하여 할 사항으로 사료된다. 본 연구는 드론 이용자들을 중심으로 주거지역 안전을 위한 드론관리체계 개선요소들에 대한 중요도-만족도를 분석하고, 중점적으로 개선해야 할 요소들이 무엇인지를 도출하였다는 점에서 그 의의를 가진다. 본 연구결과는 향후 드론관리체계 관련 연구 및 정책을 추진되는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. In this study, in order to analyze improving factors of the drone management system for residential area safety, a survey was conducted focusing on drone users and an attempt was made to come up with improvement factors through the IPA analysis. As a result of the analysis, in legal and institutional factors, the factors that need to be improved the most with high importance but low satisfaction are the establishment of preventive measures for invasion of privacy and infringement of the Personal Information Protection Act (importance:4.40, satisfaction:3.31), and Preparation safety measures for body and property (importance:4.33, satisfaction: 3.54), in operational factors, Safety certification prepared for drones with a maximum take-off weight of 25kg or less (importance:4.22, satisfaction:3.52), and a handling system related to safety accidents (survey, insurance, etc.) (importance:4.18, satisfaction:3.54), in facility and infrastructure factors, establishment of a drone defense system in densely populated areas (importance:4.30, satisfaction:3.42), establishment of a drone management system in residential areas (Importance:4.30, Satisfaction:3.49), Installation and management system for drone drop-off sites (Importance:4.21, Satisfaction:3.47). In addition, the importance of all improvement factors was determined to be important at over 4.00 points, but the IPA analysis results for the overall factors showed that legal and institutional factors needed to be improved the most. Moreover, taking into considerartion the legal and institutional factors, management factor and facility and infrastructure factors, in total, the elements that are within the area of focused improvement, are analyzed to be all related to the elements of safety of individual persons, such as lives, bodies privacy and property rights of residents living in residential areas. For this reason, those are the matters that needed to be considered the top priority in improving the drone management system. This study is significant in that it analyzed the importance and satisfaction of the elements of improving the drone management system for residential area safety, focusing on drone users, and came up with what are the elements that need to be the focus of improving. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data to promote future drone management system-related research and policies.

전자통관 서비스의 신뢰성과 만족도가 전자통관 충성도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

이예림 한국관세학회 2019 관세학회지 Vol.20 No.3

This study analyzes the effects of electronic customs clearance service on the reliability, satisfaction, and loyalty of customs brokers and import/export traders. In particular, the analysis of the effects of import and export customs clearance system, customs collection system, import and export cargo management system, tariff reimbursement system, and customs clearance system on electronic clearance reliability and satisfaction and the effect of these factors on user loyalty were analyzed. The analysis result shows that the effectiveness of electronic customs clearance is verified and electronicization of import and export customs is actively promoted. Survey data was analyzed and revealed relationship among the reliability and satisfaction of electronic customs clearance service and electronic customs loyalty. As a result of this study, the import and export customs clearance system customs collection system, import and export cargo management system, customs reimbursement system, customs clearance system have positive effects on the electronic customs clearance system, The results were. In addition, import and export customs clearance system, import and export cargo management system, tariff reimbursement system, and customs clearance system, which are factors of electronic customs service system, have a positive effect on the satisfaction level of electronic clearance. 전자적 통관업무는 1996년 도입된 이래 1999년 전자서류신고제로 개편되었으며, 현재 이를 통하여 전자적 방식으로 수출물품을 신속하게 통관하는 ‘전자적 수출입통관제도’를 시행하고 있다. 본 연구는 전자통관 서비스가 통관사용인인 관세사, 수출입업자 등에게 신뢰성과 만족도 그리고 충성도에 미치는 영향을분석하고 있다. 특히, 수출입통관 시스템, 관세징수 시스템, 수출입화물관리 시스템, 관세환급시스템, 그리고 통관단일창구 시스템이 전자통관 신뢰성과 만족도에 미치는 영향분석과 이들 요인이 사용인 충성도에미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석결과를 통해 전자통관의 효율성을 검증하여 수출입통관의 전자화를 적극도모하는데 있다. 전자적 수출입통관 서비스는 대체적으로 전자통관 서비스를 이용하는 고객에게 유의한 결과를 보이고있다. 이는 전자통관을 실시함으로써 전자무역의 효율성이 높아지고, 무역업무의 성과가 증가함을 의미한다. 반면 수출입화물관리 측면에서는 부정적 영향을 미쳤다. 이를 통해 세관에서 실행하는 업무측면에 대해 물류 측면에서 뒷받침이 되지 않는다고 판단하였다. 따라서 진정한 전자무역을 실행하기 위해서는 물류, 운송 그리고 통관 등 물류의 흐름을 원활하게 할 수 있는 종합적 전자무역 네트워크가 형성되어야 한다. 이러한 전자통관 제도의 확립을 통하여 전자통관 서비스를 이용하는 고객인 통관 신고인의 전자통관시스템에 대한 충성도가 높아질 것으로 기대된다.

의사결정 효율성에 따른 호텔정보시스템 특성변수가 성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

한경훈,노병성 한국경영교육학회 2008 경영교육연구 Vol.49 No.-

The purpose of this study is how the accounting information system has been efficiently utilizing in hotel service in Korea and analyzing the actual status of utilizing accounting information system in hotel service, and verifying whether accounting information system characteristics variables (output information characteristic, organizational innovation, business importance)by mediation variables, have influence on the perceived usfulness and user's value of the information system. For this purpose, accounting information system characteristics variables are chosen from the existing study to use questionnaire. Result of this study, the hotel service business in Korea are easy to operate and manage and to fit into a new environment change on decision making usefulness, have the asked accounting information believing and exacting on information form and contents, business importance and organizational innovation. Therefore hotel accounting information system characteristics variables have the effect on the performance of system. 본 연구에서는 의사결정의 효율성을 매개변수로 하여 호텔회계정보시스템의 특성과 성과간의 관계를 검증하였으며, 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 의사결정 효율성이 높은 호텔은 호텔회계정보시스템 산출정보의 형태와 내용에 기초하여 효율적인 의사결정이 이루어져야 하며, 반면에 의사결정의 효율성이 낮은 경우의 호텔회계정보시스템을 통한 산출정보는 회계정보시스템 성과에 거의 영향을 미치지 못한다. 둘째, 호텔회계정보시스템을 도입하기 위해서는 조직혁신 절차는 필수적이며 회계정보시스템 도입, 활용시, 가장 우선적으로 이루어져야 할 부분이 조직 혁신이며, 조직 혁신은 합리적이고 체계적인 도입 절차에 따른 조직구조의 개편을 통해 해결해 나갈 수 있을 것이다. 셋째, 호텔회계정보시스템을 통한 업무에서는 업무의 구조화가 가장 중요한 요인이며 호텔산업의 특성에 기초해 볼 때, 호텔회계정보시스템 도입시 업무의 난이도와 표준화에는 크게 변화가 없지만, 호텔의 고유업무에 대한 구조화는 많은 변화가 예상되어진다

PLM 시스템 활용도 향상 방안의 중요도에 관한 연구

유종광,임성택,민대환 한국정보시스템학회 2022 情報시스템硏究 Vol.31 No.1

Purpose This paper attempts to identify items for improving the usage of PLM(Product Lifecycle Management) systems and suggests ways to prioritize improvement items on the basis of importance. It also tries to find out differences in the importance of improvement items due to the company size, the industry, the job, or the PLM solution. Design/methodology/approach Through a survey from participants to a PLM System Conference, data were collected from a sample of 181 users who had the previous experience in using a PLM system. In order to figure out the differences in the importance among user groups, the F-test with the Scheffe test as a post-hoc analysis was used in case of equal variances and the Welch test with the Dunnett T3 test was used in case of unequal variances. Findings This study sorted out 25 improvement ideas according to their importance assessed by the PLM system users. The top five ideas are improving data consistency, error minimization, fast system response time, enhancing user recognition, and business process improvement. The support group puts higher importance than the general user group in data consistency, fast system response time, enhancing user recognition, business process improvement, dedicated team for data consistency, continuous support from management, hardware performance upgrade, output linkage to other systems, and shortening problem solving duration. The largest company group attaches significantly higher weights than the smallest company group to data consistency, error minimization, fast system response time, business process improvement, dedicated team for data consistency, security with proper access management, output linkage to other systems, and better user interface.

미국의 국가식품안전관리체계 평가 사례연구

이희정 한국식품위생안전성학회 2017 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.32 No.3

For more efficient and proactive safety control of imported food, new trend in U.S. is emerging, which assesses the food safety control systems of exporting countries using Systems Recognition Assessment Tool and helps ensure safety of imported foods. This study examines trends in development and application of assessmemnt tool and country assessment reports in U.S. where an active discussion on this issue is in progress. The expert interviews were also conducted. U.S. Systems Recognition Assessment Tool was developed by FDA to recognize the potential value in leveraging the expertise of foreign food safety systems and help ensure safety of imported food. The tool is comprised of ten standards and provides an objective framework for determining the robustness of trading partners’ overall food safety systems. Using its own tool, the U.S. FDA conducted a preliminary assessment of the food safety control systems of New Zealand and Canada. According to the U.S.-New Zealand and the U.S.-Canada assessment reports, the overall structure of the systems was similar between the countries. In summarizing the opinions of experts, such a trend in National Food Safety Control System Assessment may be utilized in the sanitary assessment and the control of imported food border inspection frequency before importing food. It would contribute to more effective distribution of national budget and increased public trust. Additionally, international collaboration as well as securing of qualified experts and sufficient budget appear to be crucial to further increase the utility of National Food Safety Control Systems Assessment. In conclusion, firstly, it is critically important for the competent authority of South Korea to proactively respond to international trend in National Food Safety Control System Assessment by identifying the details of its background, assessment purpose, core assessment elements, and assessment procedures. Secondly, it is necessary to identify and complement the weaknesses of Korea’s food safety control system by reviewing it with U.S. Systems Recognition Assessment Tool. Thirdly, by adapting the assessment results from imported countries’ food safety control systems to the imported food inspection intensity, the resources previously used in inspecting the imported food from accredited countries can be redistributed to inspecting the imported food from unaccredited countries, and it would contribute to more efficient imported food safety control. Fourthly, the competent authority of South Korea should also consider developing its own assessment tool designed to reflect the unique characteristics of its food safety control system and international guidelines.

스마트 건설안전관리시스템의 중요도-성과도 분석 연구

박종일,윤창희 대한안전경영과학회 2024 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.26 No.2

This study analyzes the importance-performance analysis (IPA) of the 10 dimensions of the smart construction safety management system, and analyzes which dimensions are important and which dimensions are performing to determine key improvement tasks, incremental improvement tasks, Maintenance and reinforcement tasks and continuous maintenance tasks were derived. Among the 10 dimensions of the smart construction safety management system, the dimensions that are recognized as important by all field managers and field workers and have high performance are the automatic risk displacement measurement system, smart environmental sensor system, and heavy equipment seizure prevention system. However, areas that were perceived as having high importance but low performance were worker location tracking systems, smart safety helmet chin muscles, and smart safety ring fastening. Among the smart construction safety management systems perceived by field managers, areas for key improvement with high importance and low performance included worker location tracking system and smart safety ring fastening. Among the smart construction safety management systems perceived by field workers, the area for key improvement with high importance and low performance was the automatic risk displacement measurement system.

PACS실에서 원격시스템을 이용한 업무의 효율성 평가

김지혜,이종웅,이승진,동경래,Kim, Ji-Hye,Lee, Jong-Woong,Lee, Seung-Jin,Dong, Kyung-Rae 대한디지털의료영상학회 2011 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지 Vol.13 No.4

Server and Pi view management, external image and internal image Copy Import business in PACS room is through the medical assistance. Import and Copy, and in particular the number of cases is increasing the number of import is a fast growing trend. Although the increase in workload With limited human resources to increase business efficiency so Remote system is using PACS room. This remote system will want to evaluate the effectiveness of using the service. Amount of data each 437.5 MB, Copy and Import time is to compare and evaluate sees by use 1 PC. 4 PC, 4 PC+ remote system. The use of the remote system before the January 2010 to June daily average waiting time and the use of the remote system after the January 2011 to June compared to a daily average patient waiting time, evaluate. Using the remote system in January 2011 to June Find out the average remote utilization. The biggest difference on the four copy and eight continued, Were performed two times faster by use 4 PC+ remote system than use 4 PC and four times faster than use 1 PC. Before using the remote system, the daily average wait time is 14.5 minutes after using the daily average 10.2 minutes, waiting time 30% of the existing waiting time was 4.3 minutes, to reduce. Using the remote system in January 2011 to June the average daily number of cases is 107 number and The number of remote and on average 35 cases with 32% in a day remote usage. The use of the remote system to Import, CD Copy and greatly increase the efficiency of their time could be. Hours due to efficiency could also reduce customer waiting time. As a result, the manpower and the use of a remote system over time to maximize efficiency in business hours, work was evaluated by.

Economic Design Through the Reliability Analysis of Instrumentation and Control System for the LNG Shipment

Myung Hwan Hwang,In Sung Woo,Kyu Jung Kim 한국리스크관리학회 2009 리스크 管理硏究 Vol.20 No.2

일반적으로 엔지니어링 시스템의 신뢰도를 분석하는 이유 중의 하나는 더욱 신뢰할 수 있는 시스템을 설계하기 위한 것이다. 가장 효율적인 설계를 수립하기 위하여 어떤 부품 또는 어떤 하부시스템이 전체 시스템의 신뢰도에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는지 먼저 파악하여야 한다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 LNG 선적 제어시스템에 대하여 Fussell-Vesley의 주요 척도를 이용한 경제적 설계를 구현하고자 LNG 선적 제어시스템의 가장 위험한 사건인 폭발사고를 최소화하는 선적 제어시스템의 최적화를 검토하였다. 선적 제어과정은 선적, 운반, 출하과정 등으로 다시 세분화되었고, 정상사건은 폭발사고가 명확하므로, 이의 분석을 위하여 FTA기법이 가장 적합한 것으로 판단하였다. FTA를 통한 시스템 분석을 위하여, FTA 전체 다이어그램에서 최소 컷셋을 찾아내고, 이에 대한 빈도수와 확률 값을 계산하였다. 다음으로 Fussel-Vesley의 주요 척도를 이용하여 전체신뢰도에 가장 영향이 큰 부품을 확인하였다. 확인결과 레벨 전송기(Level transmitter)의 주요 척도 값이 0.7로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 이에 대한 개선책으로 레벨 전송기를 이중으로 설치한 설계안을 수립한 후 이에 대한 신뢰도를 다시 검토한 결과, 고장이 날 빈도수는 1/50 정도로 감소하였고, 사고가 발생할 확률은 1/10 정도로 줄었다. 상기의 결과로부터 신뢰성이 높으면서도 경제적인 설계를 수립하기 위하여 본 연구에서 적용한 것처럼 Fussel-Vesley의 주요 척도를 이용하면 전체 시스템의 신뢰도를 높이면서 가장 경제적인 설계를 수립할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. In order to improve the system reliability it may necessary to change the system by doing reliability analysis. This requires the identification of those components or subsystems which contribute most to system failure. In my research, explosion is studied as the main hazard associated with the control of the LNG shipment as result of accident history survey. Therefore, it has been concluded that the undesirable accident is fire and explosion on the ship, following release of carrier during loading, transportation and discharging, in the relation to the control system. Since the `Top event` is known, Fault Tree Analysis(FTA) is a suitable means of identifying how the control system can contribute to or protect against the hazard. It is required to find cutsets of fault trees for its system analysis. From the FTA, the frequency of fire and explosion by the gas release is resulted in the 89.04289 f/10(6)hr and the probability of occurrence is 89.02146×10-7 in the original system. By using Fussell-Vesely importance measures, relative importances of basic events are calculated. The failure of level transmitter has most dramatic effect on the gas release, which value was over 0.7. This item should be improved unless this action is relatively costly. The redundancy of level transmitter will be prepared for the controlling of fire and explosion in LNG carrier from this importance measure. The frequency of fire and explosion by the gas release is improved to the about 50 times reliable, 1.585709 f/10(6)hr and the probability of occurrence is about 10 times reliable, 7.930963×10-7 by adopting only transmitter redundancy. I found that the most economical and reliable design can be determined by considering this importance measures.

Reliability growth analysis of <i>k-out-of-N</i> systems using matrix-based system reliability method

Byun, Ji-Eun,Noh, Hee-Min,Song, Junho Elsevier 2017 Reliability engineering & system safety Vol.165 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The advent of ever more complex systems in extensive areas of industries hampers efficient and accurate analysis of reliability and effective reliability-based decision making. Such difficulties may arise from the intricate formulation of system failure events, statistical dependence between component failure events, and the convoluted quantification of underlying probabilities of basic events. So-called <I>k-out-of-N</I> systems, which survive or succeed when at least <I>k</I> components are available among the total of <I>N</I> components, give rise to a high level of complexity. This type of systems are commonly introduced to secure a proper level of redundancy in operating engineering systems, but the intricate definition of the system events may elude the system reliability analysis. It is noted that such <I>k-out-of-N</I> systems are often tested and corrected over a certain period of time before their official usage or release in order to assure the target reliability of the system. For the purpose of reliability prognosis based on the data collected from the test period, reliability growth models (RGMs) have been widely used in software and hardware engineering. However, RGMs have been applied mostly to individual components, not at the system level. Furthermore, in complex systems such as <I>k-out-of-N</I> system, it is challenging to relate the reliability growth of components with that of the system. To address this need, in this paper, the matrix-based system reliability (MSR) method is extended to <I>k-out-of-N</I> systems by modifying the formulations of event and probability vectors. The proposed methods can incorporate statistical dependence between component failures for both homogeneous and non-homogeneous <I>k-out-of-N</I> systems, and can compute measures related to parameter sensitivity and relative importance of components. The reliability growths of components represented by RGMs are incorporated into the proposed system reliability method, so that the trend of <I>system</I> reliability growth can be effortlessly evaluated and predicted. Two numerical examples are introduced in this paper to demonstrate the proposed method and its applications: (1) hypothetical systems each consisting of series, parallel and <I>k-out-of-N</I> subsystems, and (2) a simplified high speed train system modeled by multiple <I>k-out-of-N</I> subsystems. Two types of RGMs, i.e. non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) and Duane models are employed in these examples.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> MSR method is extended to evaluate the reliability growth of <I>k-out-of-N</I> systems. </LI> <LI> The time-varying reliability of system can be evaluated from that of components. </LI> <LI> The extended MSR method can account for statistical dependence between components. </LI> <LI> By-products of reliability analysis can support systematic decision-making. </LI> <LI> Numerical examples show the MSR method is applicable to various configurations. </LI> </UL> </P>