한국사회 젠더갈등인식에 관한 탐색적 연구: 성별 조절효과를 중심으로

류연규(Yunkyu Ryu),김영미(Young-Mi Kim) 한국사회정책학회 2019 한국사회정책 Vol.26 No.4

이 연구는 최근 한국사회에서 증폭되고 있는 젠더갈등 현상에 주목해, 젠더갈등에 대한 사회구성원들의 인식수준, 인식의 지형과 균열지점, 인식에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 탐색적 차원에서 규명하고자 하였다. 첫째, 누가 젠더갈등을 심각하게 인식하는지 분석한 결과, 20대가 다른 연령대에 비해, 보수성향이 중도성향에 비해, 평등하고 진보적인 성역할태도를 가질수록, 젠더불평등인식수준이 높을수록, 성차별경험이 많을수록 젠더갈등을 심각하게 인식했다. 둘째, 젠더불평등인식, 성차별경험과 젠더갈등인식의 관계에서 성별의 조절효과를 확인했다. 남녀를 구분해 분석한 결과, 여성은 젠더불평등인식이 높을수록, 성차별경험이 많을수록 젠더갈등을 심각하게 인식했다. 이에 반해 남성의 젠더갈등인식은 젠더불평등인식, 성차별경험과 무관했고, 20대, 대졸이상, 보수적 정치성향, 평등한 성역할태도를 가진 남성이 젠더갈등을 심각하게 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 현재 증폭되고 있는 젠더갈등 현상을 이해하기 위해 개인의 젠더불평등인식, 성차별경험 등 다양한 사회경제적 특성에 대한 이해가 선행되어야 하고, 성별에 따라 다른 갈등해소 전략이 필요함을 실증적으로 규명하였다. This study explores the factors influencing gender conflict perception in Korea, where amplifying gender conflict has been experienced recently. The results of this study are as follows. First, the factors of gender conflict perception are gender inequality perception, experiences of sexual discrimination, conservative ideology, and young generation of twenties. Secondly, gender is a moderator of gender inequality perception and experiences of sexual discrimination. Women perceive more gender conflict as they perceive more gender inequality or experiences more sexism. On the other hand, men perceive more gender conflict as they are in 20s while gender conflict perception and sexual discrimination experiences are not statistically significant. The implication of this study is to empirically reveal the factors of gender conflict perception are gender conflict perception and sexual discrimination experiences and to suggest the strategies to settle the gender conflict being differed by gender.

Gender Conflict Perception and Social Identities: In the Context of Backlash Phenomenon

이사빈 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2019 Asian Women Vol.35 No.2

Although gender conflict in Korean society is becoming more serious, as seen in the Gangnam Station murder case of 2016 when a 34-year-old man murdered a woman for no reason, it is hard to pinpoint its characteristics and origins. This study explores gender conflict perception (GCP) in various types of social groups and identifies the determinants of GCP based on social identity theory (SIT). Specifically, the study focuses on the interaction between gender and political ideology to analyze how the two types of social identities interact. In particular, the study analyzes how socially constructed identities affect GCP. Additionally, by adding interaction terms to the regression model, the effects of various social identities are considered simultaneously in order to generate a full understanding of gender conflict. It is found that female respondents are more likely to think of gender conflict as a serious social issue if their political ideology is closer to liberalism. On the other hand, male respondents show the exact opposite results. Specifically, conservative male respondents tend to think of gender conflict in Korean society as serious.

한국 사회 내 젠더갈등과 편향성의 동원

구본상 서강대학교 현대정치연구소 2023 현대정치연구 Vol.16 No.2

This study examines the potential mobilization of gender conflict, a topic that gained prominence in the milieu of the presidential election. Drawing upon data from a series of surveys conducted during the campaign of the 20th presidential election, immediately in its aftermath, and at a subsequent point in time, this study analyzes the gender gap in policy attitudes, gender-based perceptions of conflict, and their sustained presence within the South Korean societal context. The empirical findings can be summarized as follows. First, during the election campaign, distinct differences in policy attitudes between men and women in their 20s were observed, and a politically conservative cluster was detected among young men. Second, in the April 2022 survey, relationships between political variables and gender-based perceptions of conflict were observed, but these relationships disappeared in the January 2023 survey. In particular, the strong association between gender-based perceptions of conflict and political polarization no longer appeared. Third, while the abolition of the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family has already become a distinct political issue, separate from sexist perceptions, other issues, such as the physical fitness standards for women police officers, remain on the periphery of political debate. In conclusion, the manifestation of gender conflict observed in Korean society appears less a reflection of deeply-rooted cleavages, and more indicative of a political mobilization of the gender disparity observed among the younger generationthrough targeted issues. 본 연구는 대선과정에서 주목받은 젠더갈등이 정치적으로 동원되었을 가능성에 주목한다. 제20대 대통령선거 과정, 선거 직후, 그리고 선거 이후 일정 시간이 지난 시점에서의 조사결과를 활용하여 우리 사회에서 젠더 간 이념적 차별성, 젠더갈등 인식에서의 성차, 젠더갈등 인식의 지속성을 체계적으로 분석한다. 경험적 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 선거운동 과정에서 20대 남녀의 정책이념 간 차별성은 뚜렷해졌고, 청년 남성층 가운데 정치적으로 보수성이 강한 군집이 감지되었다. 둘째, 성별, 연령, 세대 외에도 다양한 정치변수와 젠더갈등 인식 간 연관성이 2022년 4월 조사에서 확인되었으나, 2023년 1월 조사에서는 사라졌다. 특히, 젠더갈등 인식과 정치적 양극화 간 강한 연관성이 더 이상 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 여성가족부 폐지는 성차별주의적 인식과는 별개로 이미 정치 쟁점화된 반면, 여경 체력검정 기준과 같은 쟁점은 아직 정치적으로 동원되지는 않았으나 정파적 변수와도 연계를 보임으로써 향후 정치적 동원 가능성이 감지되었다. 결국, 현재 한국에서 드러난 젠더갈등 양상은 근본적인 균열에 기반을 두고 있다기보다 청년층에 존재하는 성차가 특정 쟁점을 통해 정치적으로 동원된 것이라고 추론해 볼 수 있다.

Gender Conflict Perception and Social Identities: In the Context of Backlash Phenomenon

Sabinne Lee 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2019 Asian Women Vol.35 No.2

Although gender conflict in Korean society is becoming more serious, as seen in the Gangnam Station murder case of 2016 when a 34-year-old man murdered a woman for no reason, it is hard to pinpoint its characteristics and origins. This study explores gender conflict perception (GCP) in various types of social groups and identifies the determinants of GCP based on social identity theory (SIT). Specifically, the study focuses on the interaction between gender and political ideology to analyze how the two types of social identities interact. In particular, the study analyzes how socially constructed identities affect GCP. Additionally, by adding interaction terms to the regression model, the effects of various social identities are considered simultaneously in order to generate a full understanding of gender conflict. It is found that female respondents are more likely to think of gender conflict as a serious social issue if their political ideology is closer to liberalism. On the other hand, male respondents show the exact opposite results. Specifically, conservative male respondents tend to think of gender conflict in Korean society as serious.

성별에 따른 젠더 관련 이슈 인식 격차 감소를 위한 대학교육의 필요성: K대학 사례를 중심으로

전승봉 한국실천공학교육학회 2023 실천공학교육논문지 Vol.15 No.2

The objective of this paper is to analyze the disparities in perceptions regarding gender-related matters among students at K University,determined by their gender, and to propose solutions within the university education system. The results of the study are asfollows. First, many men believe that there is no structural discrimination against women and that men are discriminated against,whereas women show the opposite. Second, men and women show statistically significant differences in perception of women’slevel of effort, reasons for low income, and work ability after employment. Third, men show unfavorable attitudes towards feminismcompared to women. Fourth, the reasons men show hostile attitudes toward the female quota system and feminism include the influenceof the traditional gender role model imposed on men and the difference in men’s and women’s views on structural inequality. To reduce the perception gap between men and women, it is necessary to reconsider hegemonic masculinity, apply issue-centerededucation using accurate information, publicize issues by preparing a mistake-friendly space, and respond to the perception gap atthe university level from the perspective of citizenship education.

부부경찰공무원의 직무태도에 관한 연구

권혜림(Kwon, Hye-Rim) 한국민간경비학회 2019 한국민간경비학회보 Vol.18 No.4

경찰조직 내 부부경찰공무원의 비율이 증가하고 있다. 이들은 부부 각자의 직무태도 뿐만 아니라 몸담고 있는 조직과 동료들에게 어떠한 형태로든지 영향을 주고받을 것이다. 따라서 부부경찰공무원들의 직무태도에 영향을 미치는 변수들은 어떤 것이 있으며, 관련된 변수들이 이들에게 어떻게 영향을 미칠 것인가를 학문적 관점에서 분석하는 것은 큰 의미가 있는 작업일 것이다. 이 연구의 주요 목적은 실증분석을 통하여 부부경찰공무원의 직무태도 영향요인 탐색에 있으며, 크게 개인적 차원(① 배우자 지원, ② 역할갈등, ③ 일-가정 양립인식)과 조직적 차원(① 조직적 지원-상관의 지원, ② 가족친화적 조직문화를 포함한 조직문화, ③ 조직의 양성평등 인식)으로 구분하여 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 부부경찰관들은 배우자가 일에 대한 존중을 해주는 경우(β=.354, p<.01)와 조직의 양성평등 인식이 높은 경우(β=.234, p<.05)에 감정몰입에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 배우자의 가사분담(β=.363, p<.01)과 상관의 지원((β=.250, p<.05)이 지속적 몰입에 정(+)적 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 배우자가 내 일을 존중(β=.351, p<.01)해줄수록, 가족친화적 조직문화(β=.302, p<.01)에 대한 인식이 강할수록 규범적 몰입이 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 경찰조직 내 부부경찰의 비율은 최근 급격히 증가추세이며 향후에도 증가가 예상된다. 따라서 조직 내 인사 배치 상 고려가 필요하고, 이들이 조직의 생산성을 높일 수 있도록 하는 정책의 필요성도 나날이 부각되고 있다. 앞으로도 부부경찰공무원의 직무태도 영향변수와 결과변수에 대한 다양한 논의와 지속적인 검증을 통하여 종합적인 인적관리방안이 모색되어야 할 것이다. The job relationship of married police officer couples who have already attained a considerable level of involvement in the police organization will affect their spouse’s job attitude, and will eventually influence their colleagues and the organization in any way. For these reasons, it would be very meaningful to analyze what variables affect the job attitude of the married police officer couples and how the related variables affect them academically. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors of the job attitude of the married police officers. For this purpose, it applied two levels of approach: individual and organizational. Individual level was categorized by three parts: support by their spouse, role conflict, and perception on work-family balance. Organizational balance consisted of three parts: support by organization or supervisors, organizational culture including family-friendly culture, and organizational perception on gender equality. The result showed that emotional commitment was influenced by spouse s respect for work (β=.354, p<.01) and higher perception of gender equality in organization (β=.234, p<.05). In addition, division of household labor(β=.363, p<.01) and support by supervisor(β=.250, p<.05) had a positive effect on the persistent commitment. Also, the more their spouse respect for their work(β=.351, p<.01) and the stronger they perceived family-friendly organizational culture(β=.302, p<.01), the higher normative commitment they showed. There was no statistically significant difference in the organizational commitment between the groups of married police officer couples and of those who were not. However, there was a significant difference in familyfriendly organizational culture and perception on gender equality. Married police officer couples perceived that the organizational culture of the police was low level of family-friendly organizational culture and that perception on gender equality was relatively lower than others. The proportion of married police officer couples has increased rapidly in recent years and is expected to increase in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the personnel placement in the organization, and there is a need for policies that enable them to increase the productivity of the organization. Unlike the Unites States where research on these issues are actively conducted, research on the same issue in Korea is at an early stage. Therefore, there should be various discussions on the influencing factors of the police officers job attitude and the outcome variables, and a comprehensive human resource management plan should be sought through continuous verification in the future.

성별화된 작업환경에서의 위험인식과 지식의 재구성

김명심(Myungsim Kim),김희윤(Heeyun Kim) 한국환경사회학회 2015 환경사회학연구 ECO Vol.19 No.1

‘삼성백혈병’으로 알려진 반도체 전자산업 노동자들의 직업성 질병 인정 운동은 산업재해에 따른 노동문제, 질병원인 판단에 따른 과학기술정치의 문제 등 노동자, 기업, 정부 등 이해 당사자들 간의 갈등과 대립이 첨예하게 드러나는 사례이다. 기존연구는 주로 시민운동으로서의 ‘삼성백혈병’ 사례를 다룸으로써, 산재 인정 운동의 주체인 노동자들이 어떻게 건강위험을 인식하고 그러한 경험을 토대로 전문가들의 지식에 대항할 수 있는 의미 있는 지식을 어떤 방식으로 재구성 해내었는가에 대한 구체적인 분석은 본격적으로 이루어지지 않았다. 이에 이 연구는 반도체 전자사업 노동자의 성별에 따른 유해 화학물질에 대한 위험인식과 질병 경험을 통한 발병 원인에 대한 지식의 구성 과정을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 첫째, 성별이 위험인식에 미치는 영향에 대한 선행연구를 토대로 위험인식에 대한 젠더효과를 검토하였다. 이를 통해 위험정보와 위험인식에 대한 젠더효과를 확인하고, 성별화된 작업현장이라는 사회구조적 차원의 요인이 위험인식에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 둘째, 반도체 전자산업 노동자(환자) 및 가족을 대상으로 한 인터뷰 자료를 통해 성별에 따라 작업과정에서 경험하게 되는 유해 화학물질에 대한 위험인식과 질병 경험의 차이를 분석하였다. 이를 통해 대중역학이 구성되는 과정에서 이해 당사자인 노동자들이 단일한 위험인식과 이해를 가지는 것이 아니라 분화되고 층화된 정체성을 가짐을 확인하고, 이러한 이질적 정체성들이 노동보건 운동에 미치는 영향에 대한 함의를 도출하였다. The onset of the issue of guaranteeing semiconductor electronic industry workers’ health rights, which we call “Samsung Leukemia”, was due to the difference in the causes of disease between the Korean government, corporations and activist patients. We examine the risk perception of hazardous chemicals that workers’ go through in their workplace and knowledge construction with the experience through their disease, which helps us to understand alternative knowledge against the mainstream science in terms of the politics of science and technology. Semiconductor electronic industry workers labor health movement asks for the improvement of inequality including workers’ health and protection of their rights, and at the same time, requires embodied knowledge construction based on actual scenes. We argue not only the redefined notion of gendered difference in risk perceptions, but also construction of knowledge. The construction of knowledge risk perception and experience of the hazardous chemicals differs by gender differences in the semiconductor electronics industry. Our study has the implication for understanding the impact of the multi - stratified identity on labor health movement.

베트남 여성의 가족 인식, 성역할가치관, 노부모 부양가치관에 대한 탐색적 연구

이은주(Eunjoo Lee),전미경(Mikyung Jun) 가정과삶의질학회 2016 가정과삶의질연구 Vol.34 No.3